UA84561C2 - large package for transport and storage of insulation elements united in modules - Google Patents

Abstract

In a large package for the transport and storage of mineral-wool insulation elements, especially insulation rolls (2) and insulation panels (11), which is made up of adjacent and /or stacked modules (5) that each comprise several, preferably two-to-five or more insulation rolls or insulation-panel packets (1, 10) combined by a film covering, and in which the modules are tied by wrapping elements such as hoods (12) or strap retainers (16) to form a storage and transport unit, the modules (5) are each protected in their entirety against water ingress by a waterproof covering (6) that is preferably permeable to water vapor.

Description

The invention relates to a large package according to the preamble of clause 1 of the formula and a module of insulating elements for it according to the preamble of clause 21 of the formula.

For the transportation and storage of insulating elements, especially rolls of insulating material and insulating panels made of mineral wool, large packages have become widely used, that is, packages containing a certain number of so-called modules, stacked one next to the other or stacked one on top of the other, and each the module itself contains a certain number of rolls of insulation material or packages of insulation panels. | rolls of insulating material, and packages of insulating panels, in which several panels are combined to form a transport unit, packed - preferably in a compacted form - in a film.

The ends of the insulating elements are mainly open. The packaging of these insulating elements to form a large package is carried out by means of a coating, mainly in the form of a wrapping film, so that the large package can be moved by a forklift or similar mechanism.

Large packages of this type are known, for example, from the document EP 0 220 980 AII, in which rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating panels are packed in modules, and these modules are stacked one on top of the other and then covered with a cover-like wrapper made of plastic film. Thus, the substantially exposed ends of individual rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating panels are covered and protected from the outside by a cover-like coating or, in addition, by a wrapping film, usually a stretch film. Insulating elements made of mineral wool are often hydrophobic due to the addition of a water-repellent substance to them. However, inhomogeneous distribution of the water-repellent substance and the resulting capillary absorption of water covered by mineral wool can never be ruled out. Water absorption deteriorates the properties of the insulating material, and for this reason, the outer film coating of large packages of this type can also have a closed configuration (OE 198 58 201 At). This measure is intended to prevent the ingress of rainwater or dirty water when a large package is placed on the ground. This is essential, especially considering the fact that due to pollution in the air, rainwater can show a certain degree of aggressiveness in relation to the fibers of the insulating elements. Over time, this can even cause damage to the fiber structure and lead to deterioration of the properties of the insulating elements. In the document

IOE 198 58 201 A1)| described a large package which is made, inter alia, of a series of insulating panels and which has a structure similar to a cargo pallet. The large package is packed in a closed covering made of film. The coating is made of a material that is permeable to water vapor, so that the water vapor that has appeared due to condensation can escape from the inside of the large bag to the outside. Apart from the fact that the application of coating to packaging units of a certain size, especially to large packages, is a rather complicated matter that requires special packaging means, large packages of this type have an additional disadvantage; that is, although rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating panels are protected by a coating over the big bag when they are packed into it, they are not protected - especially at their ends - once the big bag is opened or, for example, damaged, and when in place store and transport parts of packages. In this case, there is a risk of water ingress, as well as the associated disadvantages.

The object of the invention is to propose a form of packaging for the transportation and storage of insulating products, especially from mineral wool, which effectively prevents water from penetrating into the insulating products - whether in the form of a large package or its modular component - and which is simpler in design, and therefore cheaper, than known forms of packaging.

This task, according to the invention, is defined by the features contained in the distinguishing parts of clauses 1 and 18 of the formula, with useful variants of the development of the invention, which is characterized by the features contained in the sub-clauses of the formula.

According to the invention, the penetration of water into the large package is prevented by the continuous protection of individual modules located in the large package with a waterproofing, i.e., waterproof coating, which is preferably permeable to water vapor, but not permeable to water or other liquids. The coating completely covers the individual modules, so that the rolls of insulation material or packages of insulation panels contained in it are completely protected from water penetration. The preferred option is if the coating consists of a film, for example, a shrink film. However, the film coating, which is packed with rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating panels, can also be closed by partially overlapping the ends of the film and their subsequent connection or welding together in the overlapping area.

The coating is waterproof, that is, waterproof, but mostly permeable to water vapor, as a result of which moisture can escape from the inside to the outside. This water vapor permeability ensures that in case of unavoidable water condensation during storage of the large package, the moisture inside the modules or the large package can escape to the outside at elevated temperatures. Another advantage of the measures according to the invention is that the large package can be packed in a way that is in any case conventional. In addition, in order to form a large package, the modules can be held together also by using a binding tape or a clamp. It goes without saying that a large package of the latter type can be packed in a film coating, if necessary. An added benefit here is that if the outer film packaging around the large pack is damaged, water penetration into any of the intact modules is averted as they are effectively protected by the module coating. In general, by implementing the measures provided for in the invention, i.e. using only binding tapes or a clamp to hold the individual modules together, it is possible to dispense with the outer film coating for a large package, and therefore reduce the cost of packaging. With this type of packaging for a large package, it is also possible to do without a pallet and transport the entire cargo unit, including strapping tapes, etc., with the help of a crane or gripping devices.

As provided in the further development of the invention, the coating for both the large package and individual modules advantageously consists of a material that is moisture-adaptive, that is, the permeability of which to water vapor changes as a function of the humidity of the surrounding environment. Here, it is advisable to use such a material that when the relative humidity of the atmosphere surrounding the coating is in the range from 30 to 5095, the material has a diffusion resistance for water vapor equivalent to diffusion through an air layer with a thickness of 2 to 5 m, and when the relative humidity is in the range from 60 to 8095, corresponding to summer conditions, it has a diffusion resistance for water vapor equivalent to diffusion through a layer of air with a thickness of 1 m. When a film of this type is used, excellent drying of moisture and condensation water is always guaranteed inside the modules. As a result, a strong guarantee can be given that the insulating elements will retain their insulating properties even during long periods of storage. In the case of a wet-adaptive coating, it is advisable if it also consists of a film; particularly suitable polyamides, preferably polyamide 3, polyamide 4 or polyamide 6. If a film of this type is used, it does not need to be thrown away and can be used for another purpose, for example as a vapor-adaptive barrier for roofs with a large angle of inclination.

Further useful developments of the invention follow from the measures provided for in other subclauses of the formula.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be explained with reference to the illustrations.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a layer of insulating material rolled up under conditions of compaction into a roll of insulating material;

Fig. 2 module containing three rolls of insulating material according to Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a package of insulating material, which is packed under sealing conditions and which contains several insulating panels, stacked next to each other or in a stack; Figure 4 is again a perspective, here of a module containing three packages of insulating material according to Figure 3; Fig. 5 is the same schematic illustration of a large package, which is assembled from several modules stacked or placed next to each other, and which forms a unit for transportation and storage; Fig. 6 is also a schematic illustration of a large package in which modules, each containing four packages of insulation panels, are stacked and held on the pallet by strapping tapes; Fig. 7 is also a schematic illustration of a large package in which an intermediate layer is provided in the middle, with two layers of modules on each side, as a point for moving with the help of a forklift; a large package with a completely missing pallet, held together by tying tapes.

Fig. 1 shows a layer of insulating material made of mineral wool, in particular glass fibers, which is wound into a roll 1 under compaction conditions and wrapped in a known manner in a film 3 so that it maintains a compact shape during transportation and storage. The film C completely covers the cylindrical outer surface of the roll 1 and covers the part - marked by the position Z - of the ends 4 of the roll 2 of the insulating material. As a cover for a roll of insulating material, a heat-shrinkable film or a film that is joined or heat-welded in the overlapping area is used. Suitable film materials include polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polypropylene and/or polyamide. The main function of film Z is to maintain the compacted state of the tightly wound roll so that it takes up as little space as possible during transportation and storage.

At the same time, film C serves to place product names, which can be printed directly on the film or on corresponding labels.

Taking into account the need to save space, rolls of insulating material are generally wound under compaction conditions with compaction ratios of up to 1:7 or more. However, when choosing the compaction factor, it should be taken into account that the fiber composite does not collapse and that a good elastic recovery of the unwound insulation layer to its nominal thickness is guaranteed.

Figure 2 shows an embodiment of the module according to the invention, which is presented here as a packaging unit for three rolls of insulating material of the type shown in Figure 1. The module as a whole is indicated by position 5. The module is formed by packing rolls 1 of insulating material, each of which, in turn, is wrapped in a film 3, in a completely closed covering, which in the embodiment according to Fig. 2, is formed by a film 6. It covers the outer peripheral surfaces of the adjacent rolls 1 of insulating material, as well as the ends 4 of the rolls of insulating material, and in the areas marked as 3", the ends 4 are already partially covered by the film 3. In other words, to form the module 5, the package of rolls of insulating material is completely surrounded or is packed in a wrapper formed by the film 6; the module as such may also undergo a preliminary sealing step. In the seam region indicated by position 7, the areas of the film that partially overlap are subjected to welding, heat shrinking, bonding or joining together by another suitable method. As shown on the right side of Fig. 2, it is advisable to apply the film wrapper 6 so that the exposed edge 8 formed by the overlap film, protruded outward and served to move the module during transportation and storage. For this purpose, in the protruding edge 8, similar to the rib, it is useful to provide additional means for movement, for example lugs 9, which facilitate the manual grip and movement of the module 5. This excess of film intended to form the edge 8 can, if necessary, be suitably reinforced - for example by inserting a non-woven material such as a fiberglass non-woven material. However, it is preferred to use the excess film at the end of the package, in the area indicated by the position 7, to form a rib-like or tongue-like edge, which corresponds to the edge 8 shown.

Although in the shown embodiment, three rolls 1 of insulating material are packed in the module 5, within the scope of the invention, the module can contain from two to four rolls of insulating material, or more, provided that the module is limited to dimensions that allow it to be moved by one person.

The embodiment according to Fig. 3 contains a package 10 of insulating material, composed of insulating panels 11 placed next to each other or in a stack; similar to the embodiment shown in Fig.1, the long outer surface of the bag is covered with a film 3, the bent region 3 of which only partially covers the two ends 4 of the bag. As a wrapper, a heat-shrinkable film can be used again, as in this embodiment, or another film, which in the overlapping area is bound or connected by another suitable method.

Fig. A again shows the module 5, which is formed by a film coating b, which completely surrounds the packages 10 of insulating material, that is, both on the long side and on the ends. In an embodiment according to

Fig.4, the excess film also preferably forms a rib-like edge 8 to facilitate the processing of the module. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, three packages of insulating material - each of which can contain from two to ten, or more, insulating panels - are combined into a module 5, and in this form are again compacted and then packed in a film . The module 5 can contain from two to four packages of insulating material, or more, although in this context the same limitation is imposed as in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2.

It is essential that the cover of the module, which in both variants of implementation consists of a film, resembles a shell and completely surrounds the rolls or packages of insulating material contained in it, so that the penetration of any water, especially rainwater, is turned away by the waterproof film. In addition, the coating can be designed to be permeable to water vapor. For this purpose, it is advantageous to use a moisture-adaptive coating, that is, a coating whose permeability to water vapor changes as a function of the ambient humidity. Here, for coating 6, it is advisable to use a material that has a diffusion resistance for water vapor (value 54), equivalent to diffusion through a layer of air 2 to 5 m thick, when the relative humidity of the atmosphere surrounding the coating is in the range from ZO to 50 95, and the diffusion resistance for water vapor (value 554), equivalent to diffusion through a layer of air 1 m thick, when the relative humidity is in the range from 60 to 80 95. Humidity from 30 to 50 95 is generally found in winter conditions. Taking into account the diffusion resistance that is established in these conditions, the coating, which mainly consists of a film, becomes impermeable and prevents the transfer of moisture. In summer conditions, with humidity between 60 and 80 95, the film becomes permeable again, and any moisture that has collected inside due to water condensation can escape. This ensures that no moisture is transferred from the outside to the inside, but any moisture collected inside will always dry out by escaping. It turned out that polyamide is particularly suitable as a film material, in particular, polyamide 3, polyamide 4 or polyamide 6. Of course, other moisture-adaptive materials can also be used, in particular polyester, polypropylene or polyethylene, or materials from copolyamide or polyvinyl chloride. In connection with the diffusion resistance for water vapor of the wet-adaptive material used for its coating, attention is drawn to the German standard IM 52615, which defines the methods of measuring the diffusion resistance for water vapor.

The films used are advantageously formulated to be UV resistant as well, and this has particular advantages when large packs are used in southern countries with lots of sunshine.

The films used can preferably be given resistance to ultraviolet light by painting the base material, for example, with carbon black. Ultraviolet stabilizers, for example, hydroxybenzophenone or hydroxyphenylbenzotriazone, can also be used to increase light resistance.

Because the easy-to-move modules are packaged in a so-called waterproof coating, to assemble a large package containing several modules stacked and/or side by side, it is sufficient to use common packaging materials, such as strapping tape, clamp or film tape. Taking into account the fact that the modules are fixed in their position in this way, and taking into account their waterproof packaging, you can preferably do without an outer cover for a large package. A large package only needs to be wrapped in such a way that the package of modules is firmly held together and can be reliably moved in the usual way, for example with a forklift.

Figure 5 shows a large package, the bottom layer of which consists of three modules standing vertically, each in turn containing three rolls of insulating material; on top of this layer is a horizontally placed module containing three rolls of insulating material stacked side by side, and on top of it another layer containing three side by side modules standing vertically. A large package of this type, where the modules are placed transversely, i.e. with intersecting axes, is characterized by very high stability. High stability can also be achieved by not including a transverse middle layer, but instead by stacking the top layer of modules so that it is offset 90" relative to the bottom layer. Of course, a large package is not limited to a transverse stack of this kind; it is much more correct that the invention can be also applied to modules stacked in other ways. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the modules are combined into a large package by a cover-like covering 12. To show the stacking more clearly, the individual modules and the rolls of insulating material contained therein are shown dotted lines, so that the transverse stacking, i.e., the vertical and horizontal orientation of the modules, is clearly visible. For additional clarity, some elements of the film covering 12 of the large package have been torn away to show its interior. The large package can be transported on a pallet, which, if necessary, can be also combined with coating 12.

Instead of the similar cover 12 shown in Fig.5, binding tapes or similar means of retention can also be used. Figures 6 and 7 schematically show two more large packages equipped with such means of retention.

In the large package schematically shown in Fig. b, three modules 5i, each of which is composed of four packages 10 of insulating panels, are stacked one on top of the other on a pallet 11. They are held on the pallet 11 only by two binding tapes 12. Since the modules are packed, as provided in the invention, in a waterproof film, an external coating is unnecessary, which gives economic advantages. An additional advantage is that the large package made in this way can also be moved with the help of a crane or a hook on a forklift as shown in item 13. As soon as the binding tapes are released on the construction site or in the warehouse of the store 0.1I.M. ("DIY"), the individual modules 5' can be easily moved and displayed without any danger of exposing them to the weather - after all, they have a waterproof package - before they are processed or sold.

Finally, the large package schematically shown in Figure 7 illustrates a packaging option that does not require a pallet underneath. Instead, here an intermediate layer 14 is provided in the middle, with two layers of modules 5 on the sides, as a point for lifting by a forklift. The intermediate layer 14 can be made of cardboard, for example, with holes 15 for insertion, or formed from a separate insulating panel of mineral wool or plastic, which can include the teeth of the fork loader. This large package without a pallet is held together by means of strapping bands 16 and can be left outside on wet ground without any risk of water penetration, since, as provided in the invention, the individual modules 5 and therefore their bottom layer have a waterproof packaging i STILL r z nen mit t. z a B Fe es ra Jon t?

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Claims (22)

1. A large package for transporting and storing insulating elements, especially rolls of insulating material and insulating panels made of mineral wool, where the large package is made of modules that are stacked side by side and in a stack, and each module contains several, preferably from two to five bundles, rolls of insulating material or packages of Insulating panels, united by a film coating, and the modules are connected by wrapping elements in order to form a unit for storage and transportation, which is characterized by the fact that the modules (5) are completely protected from the penetration of water by a waterproof coating (b ), which completely closes the module and is mostly permeable to water vapor. 2. A large package according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the coating (b) completely surrounds preferably compacted rolls of insulating material or packages (1, 10) of insulating panels packed in a module (5). 3. A large package according to one of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that each module contains from two to five or more rolls of insulating material or packages (1, 10) of insulating material, where each package of insulating material contains from two to ten or more insulating panels. 4. A large package according to one of the previous items, which differs in that the coating consists of film or foil. 5. A large package according to claim 4, which is characterized by the fact that polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyester or polyamide is used as a film or foil material. 6. A large package according to one of the previous items, which is characterized by the fact that the coating (b) consists of a moisture-adaptive material in which the diffusion resistance for water vapor depends on the relative humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. 7. A large package according to item b, characterized in that when the relative humidity of the atmosphere surrounding the vapor barrier is in the range from 30 to 50 90, the material has a diffusion resistance (value 54) for water vapor equivalent to diffusion through a layer of air 2 to 5 m thick, and when the relative humidity is in the range from 60 to 80 90, it has a diffusion resistance (value 54) for water vapor equivalent to diffusion through a layer of air 1 m thick. 8. A large package according to one of paragraphs b or 7, which differs in that the material consists of film or foil. 9. A large package according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material is a film or foil based on polyamide, such as polyamide 3, polyamide 4 or polyamide 6. 10. A large package according to one of the previous items, characterized in that in order to increase the stability of stacking, at least some of the modules (5) are stacked transversely, i.e. alternatively to the vertical direction, and lie flat, with vertical and horizontal orientation of the modules. 11. A large package according to one of the previous items, which differs in that, in order to increase the stability of stacking, the modules (5) are stacked vertically, but with an offset relative to each other. 12. A large package according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating material are in each case packed with a compression ratio of up to 1:7 or more, in particular above 1:3.5. 13. A large package according to one of the previous items, characterized in that the film or foil wrapping of the module (5) is welded, heat-shrinkable or joined in the overlapping area. 14. A large package according to one of claims 1-12, which is characterized by the fact that the film wrapping of the module consists of a film that is self-adhesive in the overlapping area 1, which is welded to create a contact that does not additionally require a binder. 15. A large package according to any one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the excess film protrudes outwardly, at least partially, forming a rib-like gripping edge (8), as a result of which it is possible to capture the module in the mentioned gripping edge. 16. A large package according to claim 15, characterized in that the rib-like edge (8) is provided with processing means, in particular holes (9), which are preferably positioned to match the grip width of the forklift. 17. A large package according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the excess film, when measured from the line of gluing or welding to the edge of the film, is at least 5 cm, preferably 10 cm. 18. A large package according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it does not have a pallet and consists of stacked modules (5,5) having a waterproof package, the modules (5,5 ) being held together by ties tapes (12,16) or similar means. 19. A large package according to claim 18, which is characterized by the fact that between the layers of modules, preferably in the middle of the large package, an intermediate layer (14) is provided as a lifting point (15) for the forklift. 20. A large package according to claim 19, which is characterized by the fact that the intermediate layer (14) consists of cardboard, mineral wool in the form of a panel or plastic. 21. A module for the transport and storage of insulating elements made of mineral wool, especially rolls of insulating material and insulating panels, where the rolls of insulating material or packages of insulating panels are in a coating, and which is designed to be used especially for a large package, which is characterized by the fact that the module is completely protected from the penetration of water by a waterproof coating that completely covers the module 1 is preferably permeable to water vapor. 22. The module according to claim 17, which is characterized by the fact that the coating is made in accordance with the previous features.