UA81228C2 - Cover arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

A cover arrangement for a channel arrangement, a drainage channel, a cable channel, shaft or similar in a construction which may be installed in the ground such as to open, with a cover (20), which may be placed on a support surface of a frame (10) and which is connected to the frame such as to pivot about an axis, whereby the cover has two opposing hinge units, comprising two pivoting and fixing devices (39, 40), by means of which the cover may be hinged to two sides without tools.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a cover device for a sewage device according to the restrictive part 2 pi of the claims.

Known channels, in particular drainage channels with covers, in which the cover is placed on the supporting surface of the frame and is fixed on it with screws, latches or similar elements. To clean the channel or similar work in the channel, you should first lift the cover and move it to another place. It takes a lot of effort and time.

The significant disadvantages of this well-known device are, on the one hand, expensive manufacturing and installation, and, on the other hand, lengthy operations for unscrewing and screwing fasteners.

In addition, there are known sewage devices in which hinges are provided, the flaps of which are connected to the frame and to the lid, and with the help of which the lid can be deflected by one bix. The essential disadvantage of this known sewage device is that the lid is inseparably connected a frame That is, it cannot be removed.

Another disadvantage of the hinged design is the significant dependence of the hinges on maintenance. 72 In particular, when using a channel for drainage, pollution and corrosion will inevitably occur, which lead to malfunctions up to breakage in the hinge area.

In order to avoid accidents, covers on roads and other places where cars pass must be deflected in such a way that they close in the direction of traffic when a car hits them. If the existing sewage device is installed in the road in such a way that deviation in this direction is impossible, that is, the device is installed incorrectly, then - to satisfy the specified safety criterion - the sewage device should be dismantled and mounted correctly. This dismantling and re-installation of the sewerage device requires considerable expenditure of time and money.

When installing in places with a significant slope, the hinges must be placed in such a way that the cover is deflected in the direction of the slope. However, if the hinge is placed in such a way that with 22, the cover can be deflected only against the direction of the slope, then the angle of the cover is reduced by the angle of inclination of the road. As a result, the angle of deviation of the lid relative to the horizontal is set, at which uncontrolled closing of the lid can occur, for example, under the influence of wind gusts or pound shocks. And uncontrolled closing of the lid hides the risk of damage.

It is extremely unacceptable that sewage devices in which the hinges are placed in such a way that it is impossible to deflect the cover in the direction of the slope, significant costs of money and time are required for their dismantling and correct installation, or rather expensive devices must be provided to prevent uncontrolled closing lid with

Therefore, the invention is based on the task of developing a lid device in which simple means "-- increased safety. 3o This problem is solved in the lid device according to clause 1 of the claims. The basic idea of the invention is that the lid can be folded to two different sides without the use of a tool, thanks to the use of two hinged assemblies located opposite, consisting of two rotating and fastening devices. Thanks to this, the cover of the fixedly installed sewerage device can be folded in the direction desired by the user. C 70 Hinged units are made preferably in such a way that the cover can be lifted vertically from the frame without deflection, and the fastening devices or hinged units are disengaged. That is, in addition to tilting or rotating, there is a possibility of completely removing the cover.

A rotating fastening device - similar to a conventional hinge - contains a rotating element and a rotating trunnion. The rotating element is immovably connected to the cover and is bent downwards in the form of a hook. The rotating trunnion is immovably connected to the frame, and its shape is so coordinated with the shape of the rotating element that it can rotate around the trunnion. At the same time, the rotating trunnion is thus placed relative to the axis of rotation - the rotating element can be lifted from the trunnion when the cover is completely placed on the frame. Thus, when the lid is lifted as described above, the hook-like rotating elements of all hinged units simultaneously come out of engagement with the rotating trunnions. ka 20 Each rotary fastening device includes a guide bar fixedly connected to the frame. At the same time, the rotating trunnion is placed in such a way that when the cover is deflected, the hook-shaped co-rotating element is directed with a geometric lock between the rotating trunnion and the guide bar.

The rotary fastening device is made in such a way that at a certain angle of deviation of the lid, the supporting surface of the legs of the lid detaches from the supporting surface of the frame. For this, the guide bar and the trunnion are made and 29 are placed in such a way that the bent downward end of the rotating element when the lid is deflected, carried out

GF) by lifting the side of the cover opposite to this rotating element, upon reaching the first value of the deflection angle - preferably from 10 to 202 - comes into contact with the surface of the guide bar. It turned out to be very appropriate that thanks to this design, when the lid is further deflected, its lowering is eliminated. During further deflection of the cover, the rounded surface of the hook-shaped rotating element "rolls" on the surface 60 of the guide bar, due to which the force required to perform the deflection is reduced.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a device for limiting the deflection angle is provided in the lid device. In the first embodiment, the limiting device includes a hook-shaped rotating element and a rotating trunnion. At the same time, the rotating element is designed in such a way that upon reaching a predetermined angle of the chip deviation limitation, the downwardly bent end of the rotating element abuts 69 on the lower surface of the rotating pin and thus stops further deflection of the cover.

In an alternative embodiment, the limiting device includes a hook-shaped rotating element and a frame side. At the same time, the rotating element is designed in such a way that when the limit angle is reached, the rotating element rests against the inner surface of the side of the frame and thus stops further deviation

Covers In the preferred form of execution, the surface of the hook-shaped rotating element is placed flush with the surface of the cover, thanks to which, when the angle of limitation is reached, the surface of the rotating element and the cover abut against the inner surface of the side of the frame.

In an embodiment that combines the above-described embodiments, the rotating element is made in such a way that to limit the deflection of the cover when the restriction angle is reached, the downwardly bent end of the rotating /o element abuts against the lower surface of the rotating trunnion, and at the same time the surface of the rotating element abuts against the inner the surface of the side of the frame or the surface of the rotating element and the cover rest against the inner surface of the side of the frame.

In the first form of implementation, the angle of restriction is set so that the cover always occupies the original position without applying force. The lid can only be deflected so that /5 maintenance and cleaning of the sewage device or cable laying can be carried out. The advantage of this implementation is that the sewerage device cannot be left open due to oversight. The use of cover devices in this constructive design is especially appropriate in places with intensive movement of people, in particular in schools or kindergartens. In this way, the risk of injury to children playing near sewage devices left unattended will be minimized. In this form of execution

The restriction angle is chosen to be less than 902,

In another embodiment, the angle of restriction is selected such that the deflected cover is in this position without applying force. The advantage of this form of execution is that to perform work inside the sewage device, the cover is tilted to the limit angle and it remains standing without additional fixing. Thanks to this, work in the sewage system can be done quickly and conveniently. For this embodiment, the angle of restriction should be greater than 902. To prevent uncontrolled closing of the cover under the influence of wind gusts or shocks, the angle should preferably be from 95 to 1102, and)

In a particularly preferred form of execution, the downwardly bent section of the hook-shaped rotating element has basically the shape of an arc of a circle, and when the cover is completely placed on the frame, the center of the indicated circle coincides with the axis of rotation. Thanks to this, the effort required to deflect the cover is minimized, and at the same time (ee) a uniform rotational movement is ensured in the area of the hinge nodes. The downwardly bent end of the rotating element is made mostly rounded to ensure a smooth deflection of the cover, without lowering and without a centimeter of horizontal displacement. Gee!

The rotary trunnion is mainly made in such a way that its outwardly directed end has basically the shape of a semi-circle, and the center of said circle coincides with the axis of rotation. Thanks to this, when the cover is deflected, the rotating element and the rotating trunnion have the maximum possible contact area, which ensures (ee) smooth deflection of the cover, without dips and horizontal displacements. The horizontal section of the rotating trunnion is oriented preferably parallel to the horizontal section of the hook-shaped rotating element.

In the preferred embodiment, the distance between the hook-like rotating element and the rotating trunnion when the cover is fully folded on the frame is from 1 to 5 mm. Thanks to this, when the lid is completely folded onto the frame, only the legs of the lid are attached to the supporting surface of the frame. - c Thus, the forces acting on the cover are perceived directly by the frame. The rotary-fastening devices are placed in such a way that they have to perceive only the forces caused by the mass of the lid during its "" deviation, which ensures a significant saving of material. Thanks to this, the lid device in this design is very cheap to manufacture.

The frame and cover can be made rectangular, and the rotating pins are placed from the end of the cover (ee) relative to the axis of rotation and are installed directly on the frame and/or with the help of support elements installed on the frame, they are kept at a certain distance from the side of the frame.

In another form of execution, the frame and cover are made round, and the rotating pins are kept at a certain distance from the edge of the frame by means of supporting elements installed on the frame. yuyu 50 In the preferred form of execution, when the lid is deflected, the surface of the hook-shaped rotating element is guided by the inner surface of the side of the frame. Due to the rounded shape of the rotating surface

IR f) of the element, it "rolls" along the inner surface of the board. This achieves a significant advantage, which is based on the fact that when the lid is deflected, its horizontal displacement is absent.

In the preferred form of execution, a groove for the damping element is provided in the support surface of the frame, thanks to which the conditions for driving over the cover are significantly improved. In addition, the damping element eliminates the clicking of the lid, which can be caused by unevenness of the supporting surface or the impact of polluting particles. име) The frame, guide bar and rotating trunnions are made as one unit, mainly from cast iron. The cover and the rotating element are also made as one unit and are also mainly made of cast iron. The lid has gripping holes for 60o insertion of the tool. With the help of a tool, the cover can be lifted in the desired place and tilted to the side.

Other preferred forms of implementation of the invention are reflected in the additional clauses of the claims and in the following description. They are explained in more detail using figures. They schematically depict:

Fig.1. cross-section of the lid device with the lid fully installed,

Fig. 2. fragment of the cross-section of the lid device with a partially folded lid, 6E Fig.3. a fragment of the cross-section of the lid device with the lid folded to the corner of the restriction,

Fig. 4. top view of a rectangular sewage device,

Fig. 5. top view of a round sewage device.

In the following description, the same and equally functioning parts have the same positional designations.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the lid device 1, consisting of a frame 10 and a lid 20 in a fully installed state. The lower part of the lid device is made in such a way that it can be installed with a geometrical closure on a sewage device not shown in the figure - a drainage channel, a cable channel, a mine or another similar construction element made in the base, suitable for opening.

On the opposite sides of the cover device 1, there are hinged units, which consist of the first two 70 rotary-fastening devices 39. Using the hinged units, the cover can be deflected to two sides without the use of tools. Each of the rotary fastening devices 39 has a bent downward, hook-shaped rotary element 41, a rotary trunnion 42 and a guide bar 43. The hook-shaped rotary element 41 is fixedly connected to the cover 20, and its upper surface is placed flush with the surface of the cover 20. The rotary trunnion 42 fixedly connected to the frame 10 and has a shape consistent with the shape of the hook-shaped rotating element 7/5. A1, due to which the rotating element 41 can rotate around the rotating pin 42. In this case, the rotating pin 42 is placed relative to the axis of rotation in such a way that the rotating element 41 can only be removed from the rotating pin 42 in the position of the fully installed cover 20 shown in the figure. the position of the leg 21 of the cover rests on two damping elements 14 placed in the grooves of the support surface 13 of the frame.

A gap, preferably from 1 to 5 mm, is provided between the rotating element 41 and the rotating pin 42. In the preferred form of execution, the frame 10, the rotary trunnion 42 and the guide bar 43 are made as one unit, preferably from cast iron. The cover 20 and the hook-shaped rotating element 41 are also preferably made as one unit and also made of cast iron. The cover 20, in particular in the case of using the cover device 1 as an element of the drainage channel, is made in the form of a grid with holes for water intake.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged partial cross-section of the lid device for a more detailed explanation of the rotation-fastening device 39. At the same time, the lid 20 is shown in a folded state. The angle of deviation is chosen so that the downwardly bent end of the hook-shaped rotating element 41 is in contact with i) the surface of the guide bar 43. The downwardly bent part of the hook-shaped rotating element 41 has basically the shape of an arc of a circle, and the outwardly oriented end of the rotating pin 42 has the shape of a semicircle, due to that significant parts of the surfaces of the rotating element 41 and the rotating trunnion 42 with the geometric closure of the so-so are adjacent to each other. Thanks to this, the rotational movement of the cover 20 occurs smoothly, without dips and without horizontal displacement of the cover. In addition, at the angle of deflection of the cover 20 set in the figure, the leg 21c of the cover is raised from the damping elements 14. Thus, in this position, the vertically downward force created by the weight of the cover 20 is transmitted through the rotating element 41 to the guide bar 43.

The horizontally outwardly oriented force through the surface of the rotating element 41 is transmitted to the inner (7) surface 12 of the side 11 of the frame. In this way, the horizontal displacement of the cover is eliminated.

Figure 3 shows a partial cross-section of the lid device 1 with the lid 20 folded back to the corner of the restriction.

At the same time, the guide bar 43 is placed under the hook-shaped rotating element 41 in such a way that during the rotary movement of the cover 20, the rotating element 41 is guided with a geometric lock between the rotating pin 42 and the guide bar 43. In addition, the surface of the rotating element 41 is guided by the inner surface 12 board 11 frame. The cover device shown in the figure has two limiting devices 35, 35. The first limiting device 35 includes a hook-shaped rotating element 41 and a rotating pin 42. When the deviation angle is reached; lid 20, equal to the angular limit, the bent downward end of the rotating element 41 abuts against the lower surface of the rotating pin 42, which stops further deflection of the lid. The second limiting device

C includes a rotating element 41 and a board 11 of the frame. When reaching the angle of deviation of the cover 20, equal to the angle

Go! limitation, the surface of the rotating element 41 rests against the inner surface 12 of the side 11 of the frame, which stops the further deflection of the cover. At the same time, the inner surface 12 forms an angle relative to the horizontal - equal to the angular limit. The angle of restriction is selected in such a way that the lid 20 is folded before reaching it

The GI maintains its position without applying a special holding force. This is ensured by the fact that the angle of limitation is chosen such that the center of gravity of the lid 20 is placed to the left of the vertical line passing through the right axis of rotation. c The cover device, not shown in the figures, contains only the first limiting device 35 or the second limiting device 35".

Fig. 4 shows a top view of the rectangular cover device 1. The cover 20 is connected to the frame 10 by rotary-fastening devices 39 and 40. The rotary pin 42 of the first rotary-fastening device 39 is placed from the end of the cover relative to the axis of rotation and is directly connected with frame The rotary pin 42 (F) of the second rotary fastening device 40 is placed at a certain distance from the frame 10 with the help of at least one support element 45. The support element 45 in the form of execution shown in the figure is oriented horizontally and immovably connected to the side 11 of the frame In another embodiment, not shown in the figure, the support element 45 is oriented vertically and fixedly connected to the inner surface 12. In both embodiments, the rotary pin 42" is held by the support element 45 at least on one end.

Figure 5 shows a top view of the round cover device 1. In this embodiment, the cover 20 is connected to the frame 10 with the help of two rotating and fastening devices 40 and 40. In another, not shown in the figure, the cover is connected with the frame 10 with the help of four rotary-fastening devices placed at a 65 angle 902. In this embodiment, the cover can be folded in four directions.

It should be noted that all the elements described above, both individually and in any combination, in particular, the details depicted in the figures, are considered essential for the invention. A specialist can easily change their performance.

List of positional designations 1 Cover device

Frame 11 Frame edge 12 Inner surface 13 Bearing surface 14 Damping element 70 20 Cover 21 Cover leg 35.35 Limiting device 39 Rotating fixing device 40.40' Rotating fixing device 41.41" Hook-shaped rotating element 42.42" Rotating pin 43,43 Bar

Support element

Claims (19)

The formula of the invention 1. A cover device (1) for a sewerage device, a drainage channel, a cable channel, a well or a similar cavity, made in the base with the possibility of opening, which contains a cover (20) placed on the support surface of the frame (10) and installed on the frame ( 10) with the possibility of rotation around the axis, and the cover (20) is installed on the frame (10) with the help of two hinged assemblies placed opposite each other, (o) consisting of two rotating and fastening devices (39, 40), with the possibility of deflection on two sides without the use of a tool, and each rotating and fastening device (39, 40) contains: - connected to the cover (20), bent down, a hook-shaped rotating element (41, 413); so - a rotating pin (42, 423) connected to the frame (10), formed in agreement with the rotating element (41, 41), made with the possibility of rotating the rotating element (41, 41) around it, and the rotating pin in this way is placed relative of the axis of rotation, that the rotating element (41, 41) when fully enclosed in the frame (10). The SM cover (20) can be removed from the rotating trunnion, which is distinguished by the fact that each rotating and fastening device (39, 39) contains guide bar (43, 437), placed under the rotating pin (42, 42!) in such a way that when the cover (20) is deflected, the hook-like rotating element (41, 41 Z) is directed with geometric closure between the rotating pin and the guide bar. 2. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the hinge units are made with the possibility of disconnecting the rotary fastening devices (39, 40) and lifting the cover (20) vertically relative to the frame (10) without "rotational movement." - t0 3. The device according to one of the previous points, in particular according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the guide bar (43, c 43) and the rotary pin (42, 42) are made and placed in such a way that the bent downward end of the rotary element (41, 41) when the cover (20) is deflected, carried out by lifting the side of the cover opposite to the rotating element, at the first deflection angle, equal to preferably from 10 to 20 g, comes into contact with the surface of the guide bar and at the same time the support surface of the leg (21) the cover rises above the supporting surface (13) of the frame (10). 4. The device according to one of the preceding points, in particular according to claim 1, which differs in that it provides a limiting device (35, 35) for limiting the angle of deviation. ka 5. The device according to one of the previous items, in particular according to item C, which is characterized by the fact that the section of the hook-like rotating element (41, 41) bent down by 50 is basically in the shape of an arc of a circle, and when the cover is completely placed on the frame (10) (20) the center of the specified circle coincides with the axis of rotation. IR e) 6. The device according to one of the preceding points, in particular according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the downwardly bent end of the rotating element (41, 417) is made rounded to ensure smooth deflection of the cover (20), without lowering and without horizontal displacement. 7. The device according to one of the previous items, in particular according to claim 1, which differs in that it is directed outwardly Ф! the end of the rotary trunnion (42, 42) is generally semi-circular in shape, with the center of said circle coinciding with the axis of rotation. at 8. The device according to one of the previous points, in particular according to claim 1, which differs in that the rotating pin (42, 427) has a horizontal section parallel to the horizontal section of the hook-shaped rotating element (41, 413. because 9. The device according to one of the previous items, in particular according to item C, which is characterized by the fact that the distance between the hook-like rotating element (41, 41) and the rotating pin (42, 42) when the cover (20) is fully folded on the frame (10) is from 1 to 5 mm. 10. The device according to one of the previous points, in particular according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the frame (10) and the cover (20) have a rectangular shape, and the rotating pin (42, 42) is placed on the board (11) of the frame from the end covers relative to the axis of rotation and/or with the help of at least one support element fixed to the frame (10) (45) is placed at a certain distance from the side (11) of the frame. 11. The device according to one of the previous points 1-9, in particular according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the frame (10) and the cover (20) have a round shape, and the rotating pin (42, 42) with the help of at least one fixed on the frame (10) of the support element (45) is placed at a certain distance from the side (11) of the frame. 12. The device according to one of the preceding points, in particular according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the surface of the hook-shaped rotating element (41, 41) when the cover is deflected touches the inner surface (12) of the side (11) of the frame. 13. The device according to one of the preceding points, in particular according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the limiting device 70 (35, 35) includes a hook-shaped rotating element (41, 41) and a rotating pin (42, 42), and the rotating element is made as follows in such a way that its downwardly bent end rests against the lower surface of the rotating trunnion upon reaching the limit angle, ensuring the termination of further deviation. 14. The device according to one of the previous items, in particular according to item b, which is characterized in that the limiting device (35, 35) includes a hook-shaped rotating element (41, 41) and an inner surface (12), and 79 surface of the rotating element when reaching the angle of the restriction rests against the inner surface, ensuring the termination of further deviation. 15. The device according to one of the previous points, in particular according to claim 14, which is characterized by the fact that the surface of the hook-shaped rotating element (41, 41) is placed flush with the surface of the cover (20), and the surfaces of the rotating element and the cover, upon reaching the restriction angle, rest against the inner surface (12) to ensure the termination of further deflection. 16. The device according to one of the preceding points, in particular according to claim 14, which is characterized by the fact that the inner surface (12) is oriented relative to the horizontal at a predetermined angle, and the predetermined angle is equal to the angle of restriction and is selected to ensure the retention of the position of the deflected cover (20) without external force. with 17. The device according to one of the previous points, in particular according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the support surface Ge) (13) has at least one damping element (14), on which the leg (21) of the cover rests. 18. The device according to one of the previous items, which is characterized by the fact that the frame (10), guide bars (43, 437) and rotating trunnions (42, 42) are made as a single unit, preferably from cast iron. co 19. The device according to one of the preceding points, which is characterized by the fact that the edges of the cover (20) are equipped with gripping holes, made with the possibility of inserting a tool for deflecting the cover. c c "- d) - and? (ee) - name) name) IR e) name) 60 b5