UA78605C2 - Methane-hydrate complex - Google Patents

Abstract

A methane-hydrate complex has face equipment, methane-hydrate lift and collection equipment, face facilities, pipe lift, compressors, screw separators, unloading unit. The face facility is arranged in confuser of pipe lift and is equipped with supply drive along face line, this is formed by cable laid between two anchors. The pipe lift has methane contour with gas inlet at intermediate depth and hydrate inlet to chamber with floating, through auger separator with tunnel melting chamber. The floating chamber has a gasholder, light-transparent cupola, heat radiators, bottom discharge for sea water and slime and fresh water collector.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to gas supply with methane from sea hydrates. 2 Ukraine has large gas reserves at the bottom of the Black Sea, which are waiting for the researcher, developer and consumer of cheap own gas.

Methane hydrates are solid formations of water and methane gas that lie in thick layers at the bottom of the sea.

On one square meter of the seabed lies up to 1384m? methane gas. In one cubic meter of 70 hydrates, 170-300m of gas is bound.

The question is: how to deliver this gas to the consumer.

Analogues of this invention are methane tanks, the natural process of biogas formation and its collection using a funnel cone, as well as hydro-extraction of peat.

An obligatory element present at the same time is a leavening agent in the form of a scraper, a cutter or a stick. The second /5 Important part is the pipeline through which suspension, for example, peat, is supplied to the place of dewatering.

The differences begin with the fact that in one case the useful substance is a solid (peat), and in the other - methane gas, which must be collected and stored.

In our case, both the gas component and the solid body and water, which is formed during the production of one of the gas components, are used and stored.

Methane hydrates are found at the bottom of the seas, with layers up to 5 Ω thick. Gas extraction from such deposits can be carried out by two technical solutions: methane hydrates are gasified underwater, gas is collected by a branched system of pipes and pumped to the surface. | the second solution: methane hydrates rise to the surface.

Gasification of methane hydrates under water is considered in the works of VNIYGaz, Moscow. sch 1. Makogon Y.F. Hydrate gas! prevention of their formation and use. Moscow, Nadra, 1985. Article 222. o) 2. Makogon Y.F. Hydrate! natural gases. VNYGaz, Moscow, Nadra, 1974.

Z. Trebin F.A., Makogon Y.F., Baskiev K.S. More natural gas. M. Nedra, 1976.

New ideas for the development of this method were proposed by the invention of Ukraine: L.F. Smirnov "Method and gas extraction system with a complex for extraction and processing of methane from marine gas hydrate deposits", (Patent of Ukraine Mob0461A, 15.10.2003 class 7E21843/00, Industrial property. Official Bulletin, Mo10, 2003 |. | "c)

This patent has a design development. L.F. Smirnov. Methane from gas hydrates of the Black Sea, International Scientific and Technical Conference "Energy Efficiency - 2004", pp. 240-250).

In this report, the project of extracting Imlrd.m of gas was considered, which covers in detail all the components of the method and the set of equipment. them-

The specified invention is our analogue, which has two components: a method and a set of equipment. According to the analogy, gas can be extracted from a reservoir or several reservoirs at the same time if the physical conditions in the reservoirs are changed: introduce additional salts into the reservoirs, for example, masses, or CO2 carbon dioxide, or change (increase) the temperature.

In the summer, it is suggested to inject concentrated solutions of salts into the formations, at all times of the year it is recommended to inject carbon dioxide, which will take water from the methane hydrate molecules and release CH methane... Direct proportionality between the amount of injected carbon dioxide and the amount of extracted methane has been established.

The source of carbon dioxide is the boiler rooms of thermal power plants, which, of course, are not located on the shores of Crimea.

This is a direct misunderstanding of the importance of carbon dioxide for the development of the plant world and its ecological indicators. -I In the scientific work, the author of the analogue warns about the possible uncontrolled release of a large mass of gas hydrates onto the surface, which can cause not only watercraft, but also airplanes to be dragged into the water. The author does not provide methods of avoiding disasters. b Neither in the report nor in the patents of L.F. Smirnov. it is not discussed that hydrates have a loose structure of water, which is 5o by 25-3095 lighter than ordinary water. o The explosion, which is expected to loosen the layers, can raise methane hydrates to the surface and literally "ignite" the sea.

The set of equipment used in the implementation of the analogous method includes oil drills, packages of pipes in the amount of 20 or more, which are driven into the formations. Having lowered the set of pipes to a depth of 5B half a kilometer, it is proposed to press the bottom of the vessel and drive them into the layer of methane hydrates.

The project "Methane from hydrates" is complex in nature and involves the processing of extracted gas by (F) compression, liquefaction and domestic use. It is also planned to obtain drinking water and electricity. All this significantly complicates and increases the cost of the gas supply process.

Methane hydrate gas was first described by Yu.F. Makogon. (VNIiIIGaz, Moscow, Hydrates of natural gases, Publishing House 60 "Nedra", Moscow, 1974).

Makogon Y.F. proposed to raise the pulp with methane hydrate to the surface of the sea with an air elevator, degas it when the pressure is removed and use it. There is an underwater excavator at the bottom of the sea, which removes the upper layer of silt and prepares the hydrates for lifting them to the surface.

This invention of Makogon Y.F. serves as a prototype of this invention. The prototype, having a well-argued idea of raising methane hydrates to the water surface, uses an aerolift and a full pressure drop. It is more appropriate to avoid contact of methanopdrates with oxygen in the air, and to push the loose mechanical mass to the top, use loosening and methane gas.

The disadvantages of analogues and prototypes are eliminated by this invention.

This is achieved by the fact that the methane hydrate complex includes equipment for extraction and lifting

Methane hydrides, release and storage of methane. The complex has slaughtering devices, a tubular riser, compressors, screw separators, an unloader and is distinguished by the fact that the slaughtering device is made in the confusor of the pipe riser and is equipped with a feed drive along the slaughter line formed by a cable laid between two anchors, the tubular riser has a methane circuit with gas supply on the intermediate depth, the introduction of hydrates into the floating chamber through a screw separator with a tubular melting chamber, the floating chamber has a gas holder and/or transparent dome, heat radiators and a bottom release of seawater and sludge and a fresh water collector.

The essence of the invention is revealed by the following figure - Scheme of the methane hydrate complex.

The complex is placed on a vessel with two anchors 16, between which a cable 15 is stretched, which is used to determine the slaughter line from which methane hydrates will be extracted. Other anchorages to the bottom of quarries and vessels are possible.

The floating vehicle is equipped with a floating chamber 1, which has walls, a bottom, a dome, a bottom outlet for water and sludge, 2, a light-filled, airtight dome З, a methane gas holder 6 with an intake 4, and a compressor 5. The floating chamber houses a fresh water collector 21, heat radiators 20, the tunnel melt pipe 19, which is connected to the screw separator 18, the conical mesh receiving cavity of the separator includes a tubular riser 9, which at the bottom has a layer 12 with an electric drive 13 located in the confusor 17. And on the outer surface of the confusor there are rollers and a drive motor with final switches, item 14, with which the ball 12 is fed back and forth along the cable 15. The pipeline has a gas pipeline 11, which is located at an intermediate depth, and a methane circuit 10, a compressor 8 and a gas intake 7 from the gas holder 6.

Sharoshka 12 is shown conventionally, because it is the most common drilling mechanism. Methane hydrates have low strength. they can be crushed by other working bodies: augers, disks, paws, plows, harrows. with

The complex works like this.

A floating device with a floating camera is placed above deposits of methane gas hydrates and lowers to the bottom anchors and cables and) a line of slaughter, a tubular riser with a roller and a roller feed drive. The tubular riser is filled with water. Engine 13 will be turned on, the hydrates will be loosened. The compressor 8 is turned on. Methane from dome C and gas holder 6 is fed into the gas pipeline 11. The water column above the gas pipeline accelerates. Water mixes with methane. The weight of the pillar is decreasing. The pressure at the bottom exceeds the pressure of water and methane in the pipe. Water, together with methane hydrates, moves through the pipe and enters the separator. Water flows out through the mesh at the separator inlet, and methane hydrates are pushed through the auger included in the operation. In the pipe, the pressure is equal to Tatm. The temperature is 402C. The methane hydrate disappears. He gas and drinking water appear.

Methane from the tubular riser also enters the floating chamber. Methane is pumped into the gas holder. With co

Methane is taken to the shore, to the methane plant from the gas holder's ZZ5. what

Potable water from tank 21 is also taken for household needs. The process of feeding methane hydrates and melting methane continues throughout the entire operation of the complex.

Advantages of the proposed complex. 1. Removed "chips" from the methane hydrate layer are taken into the work. "

The formation is not destroyed, not undermined, not drilled, not pumped with brine, carbon dioxide. 8 s The layer is not disturbed. The nature of the formation is not disturbed. Safe operation is guaranteed. and 1. Expensive carbon dioxide is not used. "» 2. A floating chamber covered by a translucent dome is used to extract methane from hydrates, protected from bad weather and heat loss through the walls and bottom. The sun supplies 1.3 kW/m2 of power. In winter, part of the produced gas is used. - And 3. Simplicity of everything of the complex. Reliability of its operation. Economic feasibility. (ee)

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention about | And | that | | | AND A methane hydrate complex containing equipment for slaughtering, raising methane hydrates, releasing methane and accumulating it, which has slaughtering devices, a tubular riser, compressors, screw separators, an unloader, which is characterized by the fact that the slaughtering device is made in the confusor of the tubular riser and is equipped with a feed drive along the line the face, which is formed by a cable laid between two anchors, the tubular riser has a methane circuit with a gas pipeline at an intermediate depth and the introduction of hydrates into the floating chamber through a screw separator with a tunnel melting chamber, the floating chamber has a gas holder, a transparent dome, iF) heat radiators, bottom release of sea water and sludge, and fresh water collector. name) 60 b5