UA76169C2 - Apparatus and method for filling containers with granular or powder-like material - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for filling containers, said apparatus comprising a feed nozzle which may be placed over the feed orifice of the container, the feed nozzle being so constructed that the solids may be introduced under pressure and the container being surrounded by a cage, as well as a process for filling containers, in particular with finely divided solids having a high air content by arranging an air-permeable large container in an apparatus according to the invention, air-tight connection of the large container to the feed nozzle, filling of the container under pressure, removal of the filled container and container with air-permeable plies.

Description

permeable woven material made of plastic is square and rectangular, or has the area of the base of a star fiber, mainly polypropylene, plastic cone-shaped, as well as the fact that the container of woven material, textile woven material is made in the form of a cap, connected to each other by - paper, cardboard, paper, paper-plastic woven pulley, or takes the form of a tank, which material, plastic non-woven material, is connected. stylish non-woven material or compositions 16. Elastic container for multiple above-mentioned materials. filling and removal of finely divided solids 13. The method according to any of paragraphs 10 - 12, which is characterized by the fact that the filling pressure consists of at least two layers, where one layer is usually less than 8 bar, preferably less than 2 bar air-permeable, bearing material, and bar, and most preferably from 0.2 to 1.2 bar. the other layer consists of a filter material - 14. The method according to any of the paragraphs. 10 -12, which section. 17. Filter corrugated cardboard packaging for the storage of any finely divided granular solids (box) for finely divided solids, powdery solids, with high ventilation, which is distinguished by air content and selected from the group , which consists in the fact that one side of the corrugated cardboard consists of pyrogenic oxides, precipitated oxides, soot and is made of paper with a high degree of air-permeable modifications. nullity, and the internal letter(s) that has 15. The method according to any of paragraphs 10-13, which is cut off by a wavy profile, and the other sides and intermediate layers are characterized by the fact that the container has a base area of consist of an impermeable standard corrugated board, selected from the group that includes polygonal, microperforated cardboard. circle, semicircle, ellipse, trapezium, triangle, rhombus,

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for injecting bulk density into air-permeable fillings of containers by granular or tank-like materials, preferably with the help of vacuum-shaped materials, in particular, thinly according to the device, which is used externally. At the same time, with crushed solids with a high content, the duration of filling increases as well as the volume of air as well as the container itself. the air content also increases.

Processing of loose finely divided solids Tanks consist of three, four substances with a high air content and extremely layers of paper, and one layer of paper can be an extra low bulk density of such as covalently laminated with polyethylene, as a barrier against finely divided silica, creates different penetrating humidity. To achieve the necessary problem. air permeability during the filling process

Manufacturers, as well as end users, have microperforated all layers. The effect, which is due to the fact that such materials rise, is achieved, is that the product dusts even with slight air convection. when it is introduced into the tank, it is compacted, and

The formation of dust must be avoided in order to protect the density of its filling increases relative to the personnel who work with the product from possible natural bulk density. causing harm to his health by inhalation. It is also possible to perform preliminary deaeration. tion, using special pressure rollers,

In addition, low bulk density increases but this can always cause structural damage, the cost of transportation, because the ratio of jin, which can adversely affect the properties of the container to the mass of the filling is high, and solids in use. accordingly, a large amount of material is required for a higher product mass ratio for packaging. to the weight of the container reduces the cost of transport-

As a result of its three-dimensional spatial expansion, but this economy is compensated by the additional branched structure of finely ground silica with the costs associated with the use of spe- is a product that has an extremely low volume of the whole container and the necessary density after compaction, from about 40 to filling devices. 50 g/l. Due to its fine-grained structure, the method and receiving tank for multiple finely ground silica is capable of bound filling with the emptying of a very large amount of gas, for example, a product having a low bulk density, known three so that the product passes in a quasi-liquid state, with EP-A-0773159. The receiving tank is woven from approximately 20 to Zobg/l. of the material described there, the so-called great re-

Spontaneous leakage of this air content, which is a reservoir or also a super reservoir, consists of distant, very slow and incompletely elastic breathable woven material, i.e. The problem of dust in this liquid state is also mainly, with single or multi-layered elastic- is given increased importance because of the mobile woven material with at least one input of finely ground silica extremely hole. This receiving tank is made of woven ma- high. the material was also filled using a vacuum

Therefore, free-flowing, finely ground solids from smart filling systems. A vacuum is applied to the receiving tank made of woven material, and the product is sucked up through the containers, in particular, finely chopped - an open inlet to the receiving tank with them solids, with a high content of woven material, until they reach the necessary air, which consists in the fact that the air-permeable mass of the filling. The output gas is distributed over the container installed in the apparatus, according to the entire surface of the receiving tank of the woven invention, the material container is airtightly connected. During the filling process, the filling of the duct is reversibly sealed in the same way as the container under pressure and is removed when pouring into the tanks, without destroying the container. the process of its structure. The next object of the invention is elastic

OE-A-19839106 describes an elastic large container for finely divided solids containers for finely divided solids, with for repeated filling and removal, which has a high air content for re-filling - is distinguished by the fact that it consists of minimization using vacuum filling of two layers, one above the other, where one layer consists of a system consisting of at least two overlapping layers of breathable carrier material, the inner layer consisting of is mostly uncoated, and the other layer consists of breathable woven material without a filter material coating. and the outer layer, which is dustproof and was, according to the first version, coated with a hydrosol layer, and these layers were of the occurrence, breathable, supporting material can be mutually connected by a special seam in this way, placed on the outer side, and the filtering container can be aerated only through him. material on the inside.

With such a design of containers, in particular, under However, other combinations of layers are possible from the inside of the container to the outside, and the overall product, the moisture content could be reduced. of the container is essential.

Despite the fact that the air is no longer able to The container according to the invention may not leave a receiving tank made of woven material designed for arbitrary amounts of fine material over the entire surface area, the disadvantage is that of crushed fillers. the period of time required to reach the required Container, according to the invention, can bulk density is significantly increased and productively used for masses whose filling quality is therefore reduced. For cats less than 1,200 kg. In contrast, the container of this, OE-A-19839106 describes the specifics, according to the prior art, the method of filling this large could only be placed a filler that has a container, in which the filling material weighs only from 90 to 100 kg . are subjected to preliminary deaeration before filling, and the material used for each further deaeration through the seams of the material of the layer can be available in industrial irradiates during filling. Previous deaeragah material. tion and, as a result, partial sealing of the filling. The container, according to the invention, allows the product to be filled without dust, thanks to sealing with the help of the application of vacuum. not on the inner part of the container, in particular,

The disadvantage of the method described in OB-A using the apparatus according to the invention, 19839106 is the extremely high costs of the apparatus, where higher costs can certainly be achieved because vacuum systems are needed both for bulk masses. day of compaction, as well as for filling a large container. Despite these costs, the throughput from the container, according to the invention, due to the capacity is still too low, so that the method of preliminary fluidization and simultaneous transport, described in OE-A-19839106, is completely uneconomical. official Well-known can be used for this

This is, accordingly, the object of this invention, drainage devices. in order to provide an apparatus, a container and a method of filling the container, according to the invention, the containers are shown, in particular, finely chopped - schematically in Figure 3. solid substances, with a high content of high throughput of corrugated cardboard (box) for finely com- by adequate compression of solids, which sweated materials, made with the possibility of venti- should be poured, can be achieved with low lations. This container is distinguished by the fact that the cost per device and therefore the low capital side of the corrugated cardboard consists of paper with costs. high degree of air permeability, and internal

This goal is achieved by means of an apparatus for applying sheet(s) having a wavy profile, and other container fillings, in particular, finely chopped sides and interlayers consist of air-tight solids, with a high content of corrugated standard corrugated board from the miktra, which has a feeding nozzle made with rope perforation. with the possibility of introducing into the feeding hole of the con- Arbitrary combinations of outer layers, inner containers, in which the feeding nozzle is made of layers and intermediate layers are possible when the container with the possibility of introducing solid substances under pressure (corrugated cardboard container) has as a support, and the container is surrounded by a body , which consists of a filtering structure. from two or more parts (3). This leads to the following advantages compared to

This invention also relates to a method of dressing with known technology: highly breathable

kny inner layer acts as a filter for the product and interwoven bags or take the form of re- allows air to escape. joining servers. However, to guarantee

The outer layer and the intermediate layer (layers) and the internal reliable control, even when filling the sheet (sheets), which has a wavy profile, under pressure, it is advantageous if during the filling process they absorb the load, but allow the body comes into contact with the container, walk through the air. As a result of this configuration, whatever will be filled, so evenly and densely, the wind is quickly removed through the walls, and the product as much as possible. Therefore, it is advisable if the case can be located high inside the con- significantly corresponds to the shape of the container. An additional container with a high degree of compaction, with a significantly equipped body, allows you to adapt the corresponding higher filling masses than the possible container to be filled. with known systems (up to 1,200 kg compared to As a result of excess pressure, which prevails in known 90-100Okg, depending on the type of product- in the inner part of the container, the air of the exhaust). see on the surface of the container. Since the excess

The container, according to the invention, the indicated pressure is able to decrease, the semi-schematic sealing in Figure 5. of the new product is also achieved. In order to

Finely ground solids, with high allow the excess pressure to escape with the air content, can be poured from the corresponding container as quickly as possible, by compacting the solids at high throughputs, especially in the case of a well-fitting casing, using the apparatus, it is advisable , if the housing (3) is directly also according to the invention, and the method, according to gas permeable. The case can have walls of the invention, without high costs for the device. In particular, frames or with appropriate porosity. This can be provided for the possibility of loading subtly achieved, for example, through holes in the walls of the case. It is especially beneficial if the walls of the housing are made of substances with a high air content and selected from a material selected from a perforated sheet, from pyrogenic oxides, precipitated oxides, soot and moisture meters or mesh, woven material or sintered fications. material or cellular material because it

In particular, when pneumatic transport provides high gas permeability with the corresponding filling product, the resulting pressure is stability to ensure that the container is not sufficient to achieve the corresponding filled- will explode when filling even under high pressure of the container. According to the preferred embodiment. The body can consist of several parts, according to the invention, the device, according to the invention, preferably consists of two parts. The case (3) can have a nozzle, has a special feeding nozzle, which is a bottom, and can be made without a bottom. Preferably, it is equipped with a flexible sealing insert and the body (3) does not have a bottom. therefore ensures dust-free filling under pressure. The feeding nozzle can be such that the device according to the invention, the body is deformed and therefore provides an opportunity to fill (3) can consist of two or more parts, and containers of different sizes. the machine has additional release devices

The body, which is an important component of the apparatus, the filled container, with the help of which these two according to the invention, must withstand, the parts (Za, 30) of the body are made with the possibility, in particular, of the necessary pressure. At the same time, the co-separation from each other, as well as with the possibility of rpus serves as a suitable support for the container actuation independently of each other, manually during the filling process, guaranteeing that well or automatically, preferably, the electropneumatic container will withstand the applied pressure is also conservative. In particular, in the case of a body shape with an area of its own shape during the filling process. basis in the form of a polygon, it is advisable if

Containers of various shapes and materials, the body can be separated diagonally, as they can be filled in the device, accordingly, it prevents damage to the container. . The materials can be: air-permeable. According to the most preferred option, the polypropylene woven fabric of this invention is created, the body does not have any material, the woven material is made of plastic fibers, the bottom, in other words, the body is open to the bottom textile woven material, cardboard , paper parts. This embodiment provides a particularly simple plastic woven material, plastic netka- control of the filling process. ny material, textile non-woven material or After the two-fold body closes- compositions of the above-mentioned materials. The pressure is filled, and the two parts are connected to each other, the pressure is usually from 0 to 8 bar, preferably the actual filling process begins. At- from 0 to 2bar and especially preferably from 0.2 to example, the container can then be placed 1.2bar. directly on the stove or tray, serving

Containers used in the apparatus, the nozzle can then be inserted into the feed hole according to the invention, when using the method, the container and can be hermetically connected to the container according to the invention, can have any tra- container. After the process is completed, the molds are filled and made with any etching, the two wedges of the body can then be made of special materials. For example, containers are separated from each other and can be actuated to have a base area selected from the group that independently of each other to free up a semi- consists of a polygon, circle, semicircle, ellipse, container. Since the filled container of a trapezoid, triangle, rhombus, square, and rectangle stands on a plate or pallet, it can be a lung or a star-shaped base area. Containers are removed by the transport device. can also be made in the form of a cap, connected- The present invention will now be described again with reference to the figures. to allow free access, for example, when

Fig. 1 is a side view of a preferred variant of the high-speed transport for filling removal of this invention. container.

Fig. 2 - a top view of the embodiment according to Figure C shows a schematic image of the con-

Fig. 1 with an open case. container according to the invention.

As shown in the figures, the preferred option On the one hand, the container 6, in accordance with the Ffi- implementation of this invention includes a frame 1 from the frame 3, consists of two layers, namely the supporting one, with two guides 2 at the top, along which these two halves of the air-permeable outer of material 7 (PPs Za and 35 of the body (3) can be moved coiled tape with a specific mass from 75 to 30Og/m3). tea driving devices. The material lacks a coating in order to

In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, the housing has air that could pass through it. square area of the base and divided diagonally. This outer layer is both supporting and bearing - into two halves Za and 3r. This guarantees that there are two shelves for a product weighing up to 1,200 kg. wines can be easily separated from the filled On the other hand, the second layer, the inner layer 8 of the container, even in the case when the body is found- (built-in) consists of a filtering material- is under pressure, which is caused by high pressure (for example, NORE non-woven "Tumek" is a manufacturer of YuiRopi filling, which holds finely chopped

The body also has two shell halves 4a and a duct, but allows air to escape from the product, 4p surrounding the feed nozzle (not shown- passing through it (filtering effect). well) when they are closed. Drain pipe 9 is shown schematically

As shown in Fig. 2, the housing C is open in Fig. 4. The drain pipe has a cone-shaped lower part, and the container is placed on a pallet construction and thus particularly suitable or plate during the filling process. It is also advantageous for a special drainage device that, as shown in the figures, if from EP 0761566 B1. the feeding nozzle is placed symmetrically Figure 5 shows a schematic representation of the con- relative to frame 1, while half of the container body is made of corrugated cardboard according to the

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Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine

State Department of Intellectual Property, str. Urytskogo, 45, Kyiv, MSP, 03680, Ukraine

SE "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601