KR100599026B1 - Apparatus and process for filling containers with granular or pulverulent material - Google Patents

Abstract

A flexible container (6) for the repeated filling and draining of finely divided solids, characterized in that it consists of at least two plies (7,8), wherein one ply is made of an air-permeable, supporting material (7) and the other ply (8) consists of a filter material.

Description

Apparatus and process for filling containers with granular or pulverulent material}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for filling a container with particulate or powdery materials, especially finely divided solids, as well as the container itself.

There are a variety of problems in handling fillable finely divided solids, such as finely divided silica, which have high contents and extremely low pour density. Manufacturers as well as end consumers face the fact that these materials cause dust even in minor air convection. To protect against the possible health damages caused by the inhalation of dust by the workers handling the product, the formation of dust must be prevented. In addition, a low density of pour increases the transportation cost because the ratio of container weight to fill weight is high and a correspondingly large amount of packaging material is required.

Due to the three-dimensional spatial branching structure, finely divided silica is a material having an extremely low compressive bulk density of about 40-50 g / l. Due to its fine structure, the finely divided silica can bind with a very large amount of gas, for example air, so that the product is in a semi-fluid state of about 20 to 30 g / l.

This natural exhaust of the removable air fraction only occurs very slowly and incompletely. In this fluid state, the dust problem is also increased because of the very high mobility of the finely divided silica.

Thus, chargeable finely divided solids having a high content of content and extremely low pore density are introduced into the breathable bag mainly by means of an externally installed vacuum device. As the amount of content increases, the charging time also increases.

The bag consists of three to four layers of paper, one of which may be further laminated with polyethylene as a barrier against the penetration of moisture. During the filling process, all layers are microperforated to achieve the desired breathability. This has the effect that as the material is introduced into the bag, the material is compressed so that its packing density is increased compared to the original pour density.

It is also possible to carry out pre-degassing using special press rollers, but this can always lead to structural damage which can adversely affect the properties of the solids in use.

The higher the proportion of the material in the container weight, the lower the transportation cost, but this saving is offset by the extra cost of obtaining a special container and the required filling device.

Methods and containers for the repeated filling and discharging of low-density fillable materials are known from EP 0 773 159. The fabric container, so-called big bag or super bag, described in the patent document consists of a flexible, breathable fabric having one or more inlets, preferably a single layer or multilayer plastic fabric. These fabric containers are also filled using a vacuum filling system. A vacuum is applied to the fabric container to suck the material through the open inlet into the fabric container until the desired fill weight is achieved. The gas generated at this time is dispersed throughout the surface of the textile container. During the filling process, the material is reversibly compressed without breaking its structure during the process as it is when the bag is filled.

German Patent Publication No. 198 39 106 describes a flexible large container for a high content of finely divided solids for repetitive filling using a vacuum filling system, wherein the container contains two or more overlapped layers. The inner layer consists of an uncovered breathable fabric and the outer layer is dustproof and covered with a moisture barrier, and these layers are mutually bonded by a special seam so that the container can only be aerated through it.

This design of the container can reduce the increase in moisture in the filling material during storage, especially in large containers.

However, since air is impossible to escape over the entire surface of the textile container, the time required to reach a certain pour density is significantly extended, and thus the filling amount is lowered. To compensate for this, German Patent Publication No. 198 39 106 describes a special method of filling large containers by pregassing the filling material prior to filling and further degassing through the seam of the fabric during filling. The pregassing and thus the partial compression of the filling material is also carried out by the application of a vacuum.

A disadvantage of the method described in JP 198 39 106 is that the cost for the apparatus is very high because a vacuum system is required for both precompression and filling of large vessels. Despite these costs, the filling amount is still very low and therefore the method described in WO 198 39 106 is generally uneconomical.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to fill a container with a finely charged finely divided solid, which can sufficiently compress the solid to be injected and have a high filling amount, even at low equipment costs and thus low equipment costs. To provide an apparatus, a container, and a method.

This object is achieved, in particular, by a device for filling a container with finely divided solids, which has a supply nozzle which can be introduced into the supply orifice of the container, the supply nozzle being introduced under pressure under solid pressure. The container is enclosed in a cage 3 consisting of two or multiple parts.

The invention furthermore relates to a finely divided solid having a particularly high content by placing a breathable container in an apparatus according to the invention, hermetically connecting the container to a supply nozzle, filling the container under pressure, and separating the filled container. It also relates to a method of filling a container into a container.

Another subject of the invention is the repeated filling and refining of finely divided solids, characterized in that one layer consists of two or more superimposed layers of filter material, preferably one of which is uncoated breathable support material. It is a flexible container for draining.

According to one aspect of the invention, the breathable support material may be disposed externally and the filter material may be disposed internally.

However, it is also possible to combine the layers with one another from inside to outside, where the combination of the support element and the filtering element of the vessel is essential.

The vessel according to the invention can also be designed for any amount of finely divided filter material.

The container according to the invention can preferably be used for amounts up to 1,200 kg. In contrast, a container according to the prior art can only accept a filling amount of 90 to 100 kg.

The material used for each layer may be a commercially available material.

The container according to the invention can be filled in the absence of dust through compression in the interior of the container, in particular using the device according to the invention, in which case it is possible to achieve a clearly high bulk weight.

The finely divided material can be discharged from the container according to the invention through prefluidization and spontaneous delivery.

For this purpose, known discharge devices can be used.

The container according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3.

A further subject of the invention is a ventilated cardboard container (carton) for finely divided material. This container features a design in which one side of the cardboard is made of highly breathable paper and the non-breathable standard cardboard with microperforation as well as the inner undulation (s) as well as the other side and the interlayer.

Any combination of outer layer, inner layer and intermediate layer is possible, but the container (cardboard container) has a filling design as well as a supporting design.

This has the following advantages over known techniques:

The highly breathable inner layer acts as a filter of material to allow air to escape.

The outer and middle layer (s) and wave part (s) absorb forces but allow air to escape. As a result of this arrangement, the air moves quickly through the wall to allow the material to have significantly more filling weight (1,200 kg or less compared to known 90 to 100 kg, depending on the type of material) than is possible with the known system. Can be highly compressed.

The container according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5.

The apparatus according to the invention and the process according to the invention can be used to inject high volumes of finely ground finely divided solids without high equipment costs. In particular, a high content of finely divided particulate powder solids selected from pyrolysis oxides, precipitated oxides, carbon blacks and modifiers can be injected.

In particular, when conveying the filling material pneumatically, the resulting pressure is sufficient to achieve proper filling of the container. According to a preferred aspect of the invention, the device according to the invention has a special supply nozzle which is equipped with a flexible sealing skin to enable pressurized filling without dust. The feed nozzle is deformable so that containers of various sizes can be filled.

The cage, which is an important component of the device according to the invention, must in particular be able to withstand the required pressure. At the same time, the cage provides sufficient support to the container during the filling process to ensure that the container withstands the pressure applied during the filling process and maintains its shape.

Containers of a wide variety of shapes and materials can be filled in the device according to the invention. The material may be a breathable plastic fabric, preferably a polypropylene fabric, a plastic fabric, a fiber fabric, a cardboard, a paper, a paper plastic fabric, a plastic nonwoven, a fiber nonwoven or a composite of these materials. The filling pressure is generally 0 to 8 bar, preferably 0 to 2 bar, particularly preferably 0.2 to 1.2 bar.

The container used in the device according to the invention using the method according to the invention may be of any conventional form and material. For example, the container may have a bottom or star bottom selected from the group consisting of polygons, circles, semicircles, ovals, ladders, triangles, rhombuses, squares and rectangles. The container may also have a hood form, combined pocket form or lanyard bag form. However, in order to ensure safe handling even during pressurized filling, it is advantageous to have as uniform and intimate contact as possible with the vessel to be filled during the filling process. Thus, it is advantageous for the cage to substantially correspond to the shape of the container. Additional fittings in the cage can be applied to each container to be filled.             

Due to the excessive pressure dominating the inside of the vessel, air blows across the surface of the vessel. As the excess pressure escapes, compaction of the filling material is also achieved. In the case of particularly suitably fitted cages it is advantageous that the cage 3 itself is also breathable in order to allow excess pressure to escape from the container as quickly as possible. The cage may have an orifice or a wall with moderate porosity. This can be achieved, for example, by drilling holes in the cage walls. It is particularly advantageous to fabricate cage walls from materials selected from perforated plates, meshes or nets, fabrics, sintered materials or mesh materials, since they provide sufficient stability and high breathability to allow the container to explode even under high filling pressures. Because it is guaranteed not to. The cage may consist of several parts, preferably two parts. The cage 3 may have a bottom and may be designed without a bottom. It is preferable that there is no base in the cage 3.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the cage 3 may consist of two or more parts, the device allowing two parts 3a, 3b of the cage to be separated from each other, and An additional device is provided which allows the separation of the filled containers, automatically, preferably electro-pneumatically from one another. Especially in the case of a cage shape with a polygonal bottom surface, it is advantageous to be able to separate the cage along the diagonal, since it prevents damage to the container.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, the cage has no base, ie the cage is open at the base. This aspect makes the filling process particularly simple to manage. After closing the cage consisting of two parts and joining the two parts together, the actual filling process can be initiated. Thereafter, for example, the vessel can be placed directly on a plate or pellet, and then the feed nozzle can be introduced into the feed orifice of the vessel and connected to the vessel in an airtight manner. Then, at the end of the filling process, the two cage wedges can be separated from one another and spaced apart from each other to separate the filled container. Since the filled container is located on a plate or pellet, it can be easily separated by a transport device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described again with reference to the drawings.

1 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 a plan view of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with the cage open;

As shown in the figure, a preferred aspect of the invention comprises a frame structure 1 having two rails 2 on top, whereby two halves 3a and 3b of the cage 3 are formed. It can be moved by a normal drive device.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cage has a square bottom surface and is divided into two halves 3a and 3b along a diagonal line. This ensures that the two halves can be easily separated from the filled container even when the cage is pressurized with high filling pressure.

The cage also has two half shells 4a and 4b (not shown) that surround the feed nozzles when closed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cage 3 is open at its base and the container is placed on a pellet or plate during the filling process. As shown in the figure, it is also advantageous that the filling nozzles are arranged symmetrically with respect to the frame 1, whereby the cage halves 3a are separated from the pellet or plate 5, for example In this case, it is easy to reach the transportation device for separating the filled container.

3 shows a container according to the invention.

On the other hand, the container 6 according to FIG. 3 consists of two layers, namely a breathable outer support material 7 (PP ribbon fabric material having a weight of 75 to 300 g / m 3).

The material is not coated to allow air to pass through. This outer layer supports and carries an amount of material up to 1,200 kg.

On the other hand, the inner layer 8 (inliner), which is the second layer, is a filter material (e.g. HDPE nonwoven "Tyvek", which retains finely divided material but allows air to escape from the material (filter effect), Manufacturer DuPont).

The outlet 9 is shown in FIG. 4. Since the outlet is conical, it is particularly suitable for special discharge devices according to EP 0 761 566 B1.

5 shows a cardboard container according to the invention.

Claims (21)

In particular, an apparatus for filling a container comprising a supply nozzle capable of introducing a high content of particulate, powdered or finely divided solid into the supply orifice of the container, The feed nozzle is designed so that the solid is introduced under pressure, Apparatus characterized in that the container is surrounded by a cage (3) consisting of two parts or multiple parts. The device of claim 1, wherein a flexible sealing skin is mounted to the feed nozzle to provide dust free pressurization. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom surface of the cage (3) is a shape or star selected from the group consisting of polygons, circles, semicircles, ovals, ladders, triangles, rhombuses, squares and rectangles. The cage (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cage (3) consists of two or more parts, the two or more parts (3a, 3b) of the cage being separated from one another and filled And an additional device for allowing the container to be detached. 5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein the devices are spaced apart from each other manually or by a drive. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cage is breathable. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the cage (3) has an orifice or a wall with moderate porosity. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the wall is made of a material selected from perforated plates, meshes, networks, fabrics and sintered materials. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cage is designed to have a base or is preferably free of a base. A breathable container is placed in the device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, The container is hermetically connected to the supply nozzle, Filling the vessel under pressure, A method of filling a container with finely divided finely divided powdery material, including separating the filled container. The method according to claim 10, wherein the device according to claim 3 is used and the plurality of parts are separated from one another and separated from each other to separate the container from the cage consisting of a plurality of parts. 12. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the container is made from breathable plastic fabric, plastic fabric, fiber fabric, cardboard, paper, paper-plastic fabric, plastic nonwoven, woven nonwoven or a composite of these materials. The method of claim 10 or 11, wherein the filling pressure is from 0 to 8 bar. The process according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the high content of finely divided particulate powder material is selected from the group consisting of pyrolysis oxide, precipitated oxide, carbon black and its modifications. 12. The container according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the container has a bottom surface of a shape selected from the group consisting of polygon, circle, semicircle, oval, ladder, triangle, rhombus, square and rectangle or has a star bottom surface. Or in the form of a hood, a combined pocket or a zip bag. One layer consists of breathable support material and the other layer consists of two or more layers of filter material, The layers fill the vessel by rapidly moving air at a pressure of 0.2 to 0.8 bar and by highly compressing high content of particulate, powdered or finely divided solids, A flexible container for repeatedly filling and discharging particulate, powdered or finely divided solids, wherein the support material is selected from plastic or woven nonwovens. One side of the corrugated cardboard is made of highly breathable paper, and the inner wave (s) and the other side and the interlayer are made of standard, non-breathable corrugated cardboard with microperforation. cardboard). The method of claim 11, wherein the cage consists of two parts. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the breathable plastic fabric is a polypropylene fabric. The method of claim 13 wherein the filling pressure is between 0 and 2 bar. The method of claim 13 wherein the filling pressure is between 0.2 and 1.2 bar.

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