UA75678C2 - Movable mountable-and-dismountable portable greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

A mountable-and-dismountable portable greenhouse has a translucent frame, made of paired elements, which are arranged on the base and connected between each other shaped as a greenhouse with a film cover. The paired elements are made as tube cuts, different according to length thereof, clamped between each other by removable junction inserts shaped as a sloped-roof greenhouse, orientated to the South, which consists of a frame of the base, strengthened by braces of the roof frame, which are connected between each other by brackets of a U-like post. The roof frame is made in such a manner as to allow placing thereof at various distances from the frame of the base and fastening thereof to the soil by bracing wires and draw anchors. The film cover of the greenhouse is made as an entire transparent cap, which overlaps both frames of the body forming roof and walls thereof in such a manner as to allow attaching the lower edges of the cover to the frame of the base along perimeter thereof, and developing a door imitator therein as a vertical cut overlapping edges thereof, forming a soft ôvalveö to control passing people in and ventilating the greenhouse.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the greenhouse industry of growing plants 2 in closed ground.

A well-known facility for growing plants, which contains cultivation chambers separated by partitions, in which container installations are mounted, which have endless conveyor belts with rotary levers and fork-shaped grips (auth. of the USSR Mo952089, AO109/14, Byul. Mo30, 19821.

The disadvantage of this building is that it has structurally complex equipment, for the manufacture of which 70 factory technology is necessarily required, and this does not meet the needs of technical support of a small personal household. In addition, it is also used only in a stationary state, when it is built on a buried foundation, without the possibility of transformation to another place of use.

A well-known greenhouse, which includes a frame with a film coating with bulk soil and air-water pipes made of a material of high thermal conductivity, embedded in the soil and connected to a riser, which rests on the bulk soil (auth. of the USSR Mo1060144, AO109/14, Byul. Mo1, 19811.

The disadvantage of this greenhouse is that it is intended for use with complex equipment made of liquid materials and is therefore not available for implementation in small farms. In addition, it is also stationary and must have a significant space for the movement of service personnel in it, which is also not accepted for such farms, because it requires a reduction in the useful space of the greenhouse.

A well-known greenhouse that contains a frame made in the form of arc-shaped sectors, installed on the base with the help of straight and movable supports, while the straight ones are made in the form of channels filled with water, and the supports are in the form of pontoons, while the sectors are in the form of interconnected semi-arcs (auth. of the USSR Mo1090280,

АО0О159/14, Bul. Mo17, 1984).

The disadvantage of this analogue is that the water can freeze, and this will not only make it impossible to orient the greenhouse towards the sun, but can even put it out of order. In addition, this greenhouse does not provide either lighting, soil utilization, ventilation, or maintenance facilities, and therefore it does not provide the necessary information for the development of other options for greenhouses.

A well-known greenhouse, which includes a frame with a roof and elements of optical irradiation with illumination placed in it, as well as a transforming heat-protective screen made of light-reflecting material (author. St. So

USSR Mo1076026, AO169/14, Bul. Mo8, 1980). -

The disadvantage of this greenhouse is also its considerable complexity of the construction of the building and its equipment, which requires high qualification of performers and consumers. eh

The closest in terms of technical essence is a greenhouse containing a framework of paired L-shaped elements-frames, which are placed on a base and connected from above with the possibility of turning relative to the base, and a film cover, while it is equipped with a mechanism for turning L-shaped elements and a drive this mechanism. - (Aust. of the USSR Mo1660627, AO159/14 Bul. Mo25, 19881.

The disadvantage of the prototype lies in the complexity of the design of its structure and especially its equipment with a complex mechanism and drive, although it has elements of transformation, which is achieved by its equipment. But even this greenhouse, although it consists of separate elements and a means of their transformation is implemented, is unsuitable for some economically weak farms, and even more so for individual owners - peasants and townspeople. In addition, there is insufficient lighting in it, because it contains complex and bulky equipment that takes up a lot of space. It does not provide conditions for operation and use. It is not possible to transform its constituent elements when changing the place of use and during winter storage.

The basis of the invention is the task, taking into account all the positive aspects and shortcomings of the prototype - this -1 15 greenhouse - to create a greenhouse more suitable for small private farms, which would differ from the prototype in greater adaptability to heat preservation due to greater tightness of its frame and 1 improvement of its lighting penetration of light from all sides, and the main thing is that the new greenhouse is convenient to assemble and disassemble its frame and roof, and is suitable for transportation and installation in various conditions, remoteness, and area of use. - And 50 This was supposed to be achieved by simplifying the construction of the frame of the greenhouse, making it possible to assemble, disassemble and install it on the ground in the conditions of various terrains of the countryside, without the use of any technical mechanisms, by the efforts of one or two workers, while ensuring better sealing and lighting of the greenhouse, as well as the convenience and profitability of its use.

The task is solved by the fact that in a greenhouse containing a translucent frame, made of paired 59 installed on the main elements, with the possibility of connecting to each other in the form of a greenhouse with a film coating,

GF) according to the intended invention, paired elements are made in the form of pipe segments of different lengths, 7 fastened together with removable butted inserts in the form of a single-slope greenhouse oriented to the south and forming its two frames: the base frame, with the possibility of installing it on the ground, and reinforced with bevels the roof frame, connected to each other by U-shaped rack brackets with the possibility of moving, tilting and fixing the roof frame at different distances from the base frame and attaching them to the ground with stretchers and tensioning anchors, while the film covering of the greenhouse is made in the form of overlapping both frames the frame of an integral transparent cap, creating its roof and walls with the possibility of attaching its lower edges to the frame of the base along its perimeter and forming in it an imitator of a door in the form of a vertical section with an overlap at its edges, creating a kind of soft "valve" to control the passage of people and greenhouse ventilation.

A positive technical result, which is achieved by using a set of distinguishing features of the proposed solution, consists in the ability to quickly, without any mechanisms, by the efforts of one worker assemble and disassemble the greenhouse, transport it, and its individual elements, or their parts, in order to choose the best place for installations, as well as for indoor storage in winter conditions.

The inclination of the P-support rack with the frame, the movement and fixation of the bracket with the roof make it possible to change the volume of the greenhouse according to the growth of plants and thus provide the best microclimatic conditions for them, as well as better conditions for processing them and fertile soil, watering and feeding plants and in this way, to perform these operations without entering the greenhouse to avoid damage to the plants and the soil surface, as well as for better ventilation of the plants and the use of natural precipitation for their watering, which together should 70 ensure higher productivity and economy of the greenhouse.

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows the general view of the greenhouse in axonometry; on

Fig2 - the same, side view; in Fig. 3 - the same, top view; on, Fig4 - the same, view from the north; in Fig. 5 - the same, view from the north-western side, in axonometry; in Fig. b - a U-shaped rack, with a bracket and an imitation door, view from the north; in Fig. 7 - an earth anchor with a hinge; in Fig. 8 - /5 the same: a-with a hook, b-with an eyelet; in Fig. 9 - the greenhouse in the position for growing seedlings and for the convenience of soil treatment; in Fig. 10 - dynamics, changes in the volume of the greenhouse according to the growth of plants in it, side view; on

Fig. 11 - fasteners and schematically connecting inserts and bars.

Specifically, the greenhouse has a frame 1 covered with a film 2, fixed to the ground with earth anchors З and suspended from an I-shaped rack 4, which is installed on a base 5 made in the form of a frame. A bracket 7, in the form of two bevels 8, is mounted on the rack 4 with clamps 6. which abut and connect with pipe 9, which imitates the northern run - the longitudinal pipe of the frame of the greenhouse. Stands 10, supporting sections of pipes 11, which, together with the purlins, create a frame 12 of the frame roof, with side pipes imitating its rails 13, are fixed on the bracket 7.

To prevent sagging of the film on the frame 12 of the roof and lighten its weight, strong threads are stretched and fixed between the purlins 9, imitating the bars 14. To the northern purlin 9, eyelets 15 are attached, which, together with the crossbar 16 of the U-shaped rack 4, fix the frame with stretchers 17 , which are fixed on the ground with anchors 18. The film 2 of the frame 1, which is made in the form of a solid cap, is attached by its lower edges to i) side pipes 19, which imitate the side parts of the base frame 5, as well as to its southern and northern sides - to the pipes , which simulate the lower frames of the frame.

The northern end of the pipe 19 has an eyelet 20, with which, together with the eyelet 21 of the anchor 22, this western part of the cap is attached to the ground in the same way as its eastern part. The front ends of the pipe 19 and the front edge of the film 2 of the cap are attached to the ground by anchors 23, which hold the lower edges 24 of its film 2. To install the roof frame 12 at different heights, corresponding to the height of its bracket 7 on the rack 4, rows of holes 25 are made. for installing in them the fixing fingers 26 of the bracket 7 / Fig. 6/. The film on the northern part of the frame, in the middle of the rack 4, has a vertical cut 27, which creates a kind of valve at 28 for the passage of people and ventilation of the greenhouse. The surface of the soil in the greenhouse and outside it is marked by position 29, the pit with a bottom inclined to the south is marked by position Z0, and the direction to the south is marked by the well-known symbol - 5.

They use the heifer in this way. It is transported in the form of, for example, separate packages, in one of which pipes are tied, simulating the purlins 9, segments 11 with bars 14 and rails 13, and in the second - a disassembled U-shaped rack 4, a removable bracket 7 and rolled into a roll film cap 2 and a skein of thread-sprouts. "

At the place of installation of the greenhouse, an area is prepared on sub-table soil, or a pit ZO is dug with a bottom, pt") with its deep part turned to the south side and covered with a layer of fertile soil. In this place. mount the U-shaped rack 4, which, together with the lower run, is hingedly fixed with eyelets 20 and 21 on the frame and? supports 5 - on its pipes and anchors 22. Then attach the bracket 7 and lower it to the bottom of the rack 4.

Put on the film cap 2, which covers the frame 1 with the bracket 7 so that they together with the rack 4

They are located under its film, that is, inside the greenhouse. Above the cap of the film 2, on the rack 4, a crossbar 16 with its eyelets 15 is fixed to which stretchers 17 connected to anchors 18 are attached /for example: carabiners - not marked/. 1 In the initial position, the greenhouse looks as shown in Fig. 9 - to the left, and for planting plants,

Ge" of soil treatment and irrigation, their frame with a cap 2 is transferred to the position shown in the same Fig. 9 on the right.

At the same time, the rack 4 and together with it the base 5 /pipes 19/ are in a vertical position. Where provides

Sh- greater access from all sides to the fertile soil 29. After planting /sowing/ plants, they are covered - c raise the rack 4 together with the bracket and cap 2 and cover the treated soil with them for the vegetation of the plants in a protected state, and the rack 4 is fixed with stretch marks 17 / Fig. 10 - left/.

As the plants grow, the frame is lifted up and fixed at the required height, for which they use two slits 27, through which access is provided to the bracket 7 and to its fixing elements-fingers 26 and holes 25 in the rack 4. /Fig. 10, middle/ . At the end of the growth of the plants, the greenhouse takes the form that

F) is shown in Fig. 10 - on the right. ka At the end of summer, when the growing season of plants ends, the frame with the cap can be removed, and if necessary, all other elements of the greenhouse can be removed and hidden for safekeeping in a protective room. During assembly and disassembly of the frame, when it is necessary to connect the pipes-elements of the greenhouse, fasteners are used, which is shown schematically, as an example, in Fig. 11.

The advantage of the proposed greenhouse in comparison with the prototype is that with simple means, manually and without complex mechanisms, each owner can assemble the greenhouse himself, transport it, rearrange it to another place, disassemble it and put it in the room for storage, which is very appropriate in the conditions of winter and bad weather Convenience is also achieved with processed seedlings and plants that are grown in closed soil, in optimal conditions, throughout the growing season.

It is known that seedlings deserve special attention. When growing it, it is necessary to transform the greenhouse into the position shown in Fig. 9 - on the left. But in this state, the greenhouse can be used for further plant growth, for example, when it cools down at night. At the same time, it is possible to apply various coatings, which is more convenient to do with a low roof.

These advantages collectively provide greater productivity of the greenhouse and its preservation and maintenance for a longer period of active use.

Claims (1)

Formula of the invention Collapsible and collapsible portable greenhouse, which has a transparent frame, made of paired elements installed on a base and connected to each other in the form of a greenhouse with a film coating, which is characterized by the fact that the paired elements are made in the form of pipe segments of different lengths, fastened together with removable /5 connecting inserts in the form of a south-oriented single-slope greenhouse, which is composed of a base frame, made with the possibility of installing it on the ground, and a roof frame reinforced with slopes, which are connected to each other by brackets of a U-shaped rack with the possibility of movement , tilting and fixing the roof frame at different distances from the base frame, and attaching them to the ground with stretchers and tensioning anchors, while the film coating of the greenhouse is made in the form of a one-piece transparent cap overlapping both frames of the frame, forming its roof and walls with the possibility of attaching the lower edges of the coating to the frame of the base along its perimeter, and the formation of a door simulator in it view of a vertical section with its edges overlapping, forming a soft "valve" to control the passage of people and ventilation of the greenhouse. with 6) (ee) in (Se) iv) and - - . and? -i 1 (o) -i IR e) ime) 60 b5