UA7556U - Combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A combustion engine has a housing with insulated inner cylindrical cavity, the inlet and the outlet valves, a main shaft with radial blades placed in one plane, an additional shaft. The main shaft is installed in the inner cylindrical cavity with possibility of swinging movement. The additional shaft is installed in the inner cylindrical cavity coaxially to the main shaft with possibility of mutual swinging movement. On the additional shaft a pair of radial blades is installed as well. Two pairs of blades formed divide the inner cylindrical cavity into four separate insulated chambers with variable volume and have possibility of displacement in restricted sector.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to engine construction, namely to internal combustion engines with oscillating (oscillating) working bodies, and can be applied in various areas as a stationary engine or drive of machines, generators, vehicles.

An internal combustion engine is known, which contains a converting crank-connecting mechanism, in which the reciprocating movement of the pistons is transformed into a rotational movement of the shaft with the help of inclined washers (11.

The presence of inclined washers significantly complicates the design, requiring the creation of bearings with specific 710 design solutions.

A rotary-piston engine (Wankel engine) is also known, containing a housing with an internal epitrochoid surface, a rotor with a triangular cross-section, and a planetary mechanism that converts the planetary movement of the rotor into the rotational movement of the shaft. The working cavities are formed by the epitrochoid surface of the body, the side planes and the surface of the rotor (21. 19 This engine has a number of advantages over the piston engine, first of all, the simplicity of the design, small relative mass and dimensions. But the Wankel engine also has its disadvantages, including a small compression ratio, complexity surfaces that create working cavities, the presence of a planetary mechanism that acts as a multiplier, the need to install several rotor-pistons at high powers of internal combustion engines. These disadvantages limit the scope of application of rotor-piston internal combustion engines.

Also known is a rotary engine, selected for its closest analogue, comprising a casing with radial baffles, with an inner surface in the shape of the body of rotation, and a converting mechanism comprising a shaft with blades mounted in a rotatable casing, each blade dividing the space between partitions into two cavities, one of which (hot) is connected to the inlet and outlet valves, and the other (cold) - to the forward and return valves (Ж). in

The features of the closest analogue, which coincide with the essential features of the proposed useful model, are a body with an insulated internal cylindrical cavity, inlet and outlet valves installed in the body, a main shaft with radial blades located in the same plane, which is installed in an internal cylindrical cavity with the possibility of reversing rotational movement. eh

The disadvantage of this design of the internal combustion engine is the occurrence of large inertial loads on the moving radial blades, due to the presence of fixed radial partitions in the combustion chamber, as one of the elements forming the chamber. This is very relevant given the fact that the cross section of each of the o blades is a sector, which significantly weakens the strength of the blade at the point of its connection with the shaft. Cha

In addition, such a set of elements forming the chamber, such as radial partitions and radial blades,

Taking into account the immobility of the first and the mobility of the second, it does not allow to ensure the optimal combustion process of the mixture, which causes low efficiency of the engine.

The purpose of the useful model is to expand the functionality of the internal combustion engine, increase its reliability, increase its efficiency by providing a new arrangement of piston 8 elements. 70 The task is solved due to the fact that the internal combustion engine contains a housing with an insulated internal cylindrical cavity, intake and exhaust valves are installed in the housing,

From" the main shaft with radial blades located in the same plane, which is installed in the internal cylindrical cavity with the possibility of reciprocating movement, according to the useful model contains an additional shaft installed in the internal cylindrical cavity coaxial with the main shaft with the possibility of mutual reciprocating movement, on which is also equipped with a pair of radial blades, while the two formed pairs of blades divide the inner cylindrical cavity into four separate isolated chambers 4! variable volume and have the ability to move in a limited sector.

Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the internal cylindrical cavity of an internal combustion engine, and Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the engine, Fig. 3 shows a main shaft with radial blades, Fig. 4 shows an engine in

F 20 in the state of the first extreme position of the radial blades, in Fig. 5 - the engine in the state of the second extreme position of the radial blades.

The engine has a housing 1 with an inner cylindrical cavity 2 and side covers (not shown). In the inner cylindrical cavity 2 there is a main shaft C with radial blades 4, 5, which is mounted on a coaxial shaft b of a smaller diameter. On the same shaft, a smaller diameter would be coaxial

SS o5 is installed, with the possibility of mutual reciprocating movement relative to the main shaft 3, an additional shaft 7 with radial blades 8, 9. Blades 4, 5, 8, 9 divide the internal cylindrical cavity into four separate isolated chambers (I-IM) of variable volume 'emu. In the engine housing, intake 10 and exhaust 11 valves are installed (two intake and exhaust valves for each working chamber), the operation of which is carried out using a valve control mechanism (not shown). 60 The inner rotor 12 and the outer rotor 13 (stator) of the generator are installed on the main shaft Z and on the additional shaft 7 with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions, which is due to the presence of ratchet mechanisms 14 and 15, respectively.

The ratchet mechanism 14 ensures rotation of the inner rotor exclusively in one direction (for example, clockwise), and the ratchet mechanism 15 - of the outer rotor, in the opposite direction (respectively, anti-clockwise).

The engine works as follows.

Blades 4, 5, 8, 9, which ensure the formation of four working chambers (1-IM) of variable volume, are in their first extreme positions (Fig. 4). At the same time, in chamber I. formed by blades 4 and 8, the expansion process takes place, in chamber II, formed by blades 8 and 5, the release process occurs, in chamber I, formed by blades 5 and 9, the intake process occurs, and in the chamber M, formed by blades 9 and 4, is a compression process. Due to the action of the pressure of the gases formed during the combustion of the working mixture in the chamber I, the separation of the blades 4 and 8, and therefore the blades 5 and 9, occurs before reaching its second extreme position (Fig. 5). At this time, the volume of the I-IM chambers changes. Next in the cell | the release process takes place, in the I chamber - the intake process, in the PSH chamber - the 7/0 compression process, and in the IM chamber - the expansion process. Combustion of the working mixture is already carried out in the IM chamber, while blades 9 and 4 diverge, and with them also blades 5 and 8. Thus, in each of the I-IM chambers, all four operating cycles of the engine (intake, compression, expansion, release), and the blades 4,5, 819 together with the main З and the additional 7 shaft, make a reverse-rotational movement, which with the help of ratchet mechanisms 14 and 15 is transformed into a continuous mutually opposite rotational movement 7/5 of the inner rotor 12 and the outer rotor 13 generators.

This is ensured as follows. When rotating in a clockwise direction, the main shaft C (or additional shaft 7), due to the ratchet mechanism 14, transmits rotational motion to the inner rotor 12.

At the same time, the ratchet mechanism 15 does not transmit the rotational movement from the main shaft Z (or additional shaft 7) to the external rotor 13. During the subsequent rotation of the main shaft Z (or additional shaft 7) in the reverse 2o direction, i.e. in the counterclockwise direction, the ratchet the mechanism 14 does not transmit the rotational movement from the main shaft C (or additional shaft 7) to the inner rotor 12 and it rotates in the clockwise direction by inertia. At the same time, the ratchet mechanism 15 transmits rotational motion to the outer rotor 13 in the counterclockwise direction.

The presence of a small number of assembly parts, the manufacturability of their manufacture, the ease of assembly and testing gives reason to attribute the engine manufacturing process to high technology, and the engine itself to high-speed, powerful and light, economical and ecological types of machines. at,

Literature: 1. Chistyakov V.K. Dynamics of piston and combined internal combustion engines. - M.:

Mashinostroenie, 1989. Issue 2. Vyshnyakov N.N. Automobile: basic constructions. - M.: Mashinostroenie, 1986.

Z. Author's certificate of the USSR Mobb218, IPC GO28 53/02, 1946.

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Claims (1)

Formula of the invention 60, , p. y y An internal combustion engine comprising a housing with an insulated internal cylindrical cavity, intake and exhaust valves mounted in the housing, a main shaft with radial blades located in the same plane, which is mounted in an internal cylindrical cavity with the possibility of reciprocating movement, characterized by , containing an additional shaft installed in the inner cylindrical cavity 65 coaxially with the main shaft with the possibility of mutual reciprocating movement, on which a pair of radial blades is also installed, while the two formed pairs of blades divide the inner cylindrical cavity into four separate isolated chambers of variable volume and have the ability to move in a limited sector. Official bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2005, M 6, 15.06.2005. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. that 2 (Se) yu IS) cha - with . and? -I 1 1 Fo So 60 b5