UA73832C2 - Method for controlling quality and accuracy of aiming of arms and simulator-control set - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to defense technology, in particular to technical means for training crews of armored machinery and arms, teams of artillery guns. To determine accuracy and quality of aiming by means of simulator-control set one analyses the signal formed by the sight-unit of aiming of the tank by means of photosensitive detector installed in the effective area of radiation hear the sight line or just at the target, this transforms the optical signal to electric one. The electric signal comes to the block for separation of coordinates, this determines at each instant relative deflection of the center of the control area and sends information to the unit for registration of results and visual representation.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to military equipment, in particular, to technical means of training crews of armored vehicles and weapons, calculations of artillery guns. It can be used to control the operation of the equipment that takes part in the guidance during the execution of the shot, as well as the actions of the operator.

The most widespread and most often used method of determining the accuracy and quality of guidance is the method of evaluating the final result, that is, determining the position of the hole in the target. The disadvantage of this method is that in the case of missing the target, the error cannot be determined and, as a rule, it is attributed to the erroneous actions of the 70 gunner, while possible failures both in the guidance equipment and in the guided projectile are not recorded.

There is a well-known optical-electronic shooting simulator, which implements a method of controlling the accuracy of hitting the target when training to shoot small arms (1). This method is based on the detection of an illuminated element from the set of elements that make up the target, using a narrowly focused laser emitter at the time of the shot (pressing the trigger or the combat button).

The disadvantage of this method is that it has limited capabilities, because it allows you to judge only the effectiveness of the shooting (hit or miss) and does not provide an opportunity to establish the cause of the miss.

The method adopted as a prototype, implemented in I2). With this method, a laser emitter is installed at the muzzle, on the ratchet mechanism, at the front end of which is fixed a movable curtain that covers the laser beam in the closed state. The shutter drive is activated when the trigger button is pressed. The laser emitter is connected to the control panel, the stabilizer and the mechanism for vertical guidance of the gun. At some distance, a shield-screen is installed, which performs the function of a photo-receiving device, which consists of optical radiation receivers and electric bulbs. Aiming accuracy control is carried out by lighting the necessary photodiode with a narrowly focused source of optical radiation at the moment of pressing the button of the gun's trigger mechanism while simulating a shot. The light bulb that is located next to this photodiode goes out, and information about hitting the target appears on the registration panel.

Disadvantages of this method of controlling the accuracy of guidance are: - the impossibility of assessing the quality of the operator's actions during the entire time of simulating the process of guiding guided ammunition to the target; c - impossibility to establish the cause of the miss; co - the impossibility of using the optical signal formed by the sight-device of targeting the tank when conducting or simulating a controlled shot. An additional laser emitter is required; so - the impossibility of using this method when firing with standard ammunition, because this destroys the expensive target with photosensitive sensors;

Zo - in contrast to conventional small arms, shooting with guided ammunition requires long-term follow-up of the target, at least for the entire duration of the flight from the moment the projectile exits the barrel to the moment it hits the target. The accuracy and quality of guidance of the guided projectile is characterized not only by the deviation of the center of the laser control field, but also by the speed of its removal, the smoothness of the transition from one direction of movement to the "opposite". With a sharp movement of the laser beam, a loss of control of the projectile is possible due to the difference in the dynamics of Z 0 angular movement of the projectile and the control field. This method does not allow you to control the dynamics of the targeting process due to the fact that the laser signal appears for a short time at the moment of pressing the button of the trigger mechanism of the gun, and the target has a discrete structure.

To eliminate these shortcomings in the proposed method of controlling the accuracy and quality of guidance, the signal generated by the sight-device of the tank guidance is analyzed with the help of one photosensitive sensor installed in the area of radiation near the line of sight or directly on the target, which is also a photo-receiving device that converts the optical the signal corresponding to a given point of the spatial-positional co-information field becomes electric. According to the parameters of this signal, the value of the relative deviation of the center of the control field from the location point of the photosensitive sensor is set. Due to the fact that so radiation is formed during the entire flight of the projectile, the full trajectory of the center of the control field so 20 relative to the photosensitive element (aiming line) is determined.

The proposed control method allows you to control the dynamics of targeting, detect possible errors in the technique of projectile targeting, train the operator to guide a guided projectile while simulating a missile launch or when firing an unguided projectile in the guided shot mode without launching a guided munition.

To implement various methods of controlling the accuracy of weapon aiming, to train crews of 25 armored vehicles and weapons, to calculate artillery guns, control and training are used

GF) simulators. The wide use of simulators is due to the following reasons: - training of operators firing live ammunition requires significant material and financial costs; o - without the use of simulators, it is impossible to reproduce the variety of educational tasks and ensure their repeatability; 60 - without the use of simulators, it is impossible to objectively monitor the actions of operators and record the results for further analysis.

Well-known optical-electronic simulators, described in (11, IZ), (4), are intended for training in target shooting with small arms, containing a weapon simulator, a photoelectric target.

The disadvantage of these simulators is that they have limited capabilities, they record only the fact that the optical beam 62 hits the target at the moment of pressing the trigger and do not allow obtaining objective data about the actions of the aiming operator.

The closest in terms of composition of elements is the device described in |2), taken as a prototype.

This device consists of a laser emitter with a curtain mounted on a rack mechanism

In the muzzle section and electrically connected to the power supply unit, there is a shield-screen with electric bulbs located on it, in the power circuit of each of which a light radiation receiver is installed. The shield-screen is attached to the rack of the rotary head and is connected by an electric cable to the on-board network of the tank. The laser emitter is connected to the control panel, stabilizer and mechanism for vertical guidance of the gun by means of a ratchet mechanism. 70 The disadvantages of this device are that: - the device does not allow controlling the dynamics of guided projectile guidance due to the discrete structure of the target; - the device does not allow you to assess the quality of guidance when firing with standard ammunition during control firings, because in this case, in the event of a hit, the expensive target with 7/5 photosensitive sensors will be destroyed; - the device does not allow working with the optical beam formed by the standard sight-guidance device and requires an additional laser emitter with a control mechanism; - the optical radiation receiver of this device is a complex device consisting of many photoreceptors and light bulbs connected in a certain way.

The purpose of the proposed training and control kit (CTC) is to train the crews of armored vehicles in firing guided projectiles, to obtain objective information about the actions of the operator and control the operation of the guidance equipment during control firings.

The specified goal is achieved by the fact that in the known control and training device (2), which contains a source of optical radiation, a photo-receiving device, a device for recording the results of shooting, instead of a pulse emitter, an optical radiation modulator is used, which converts continuous radiation into spatial-positional radiation, which allows you to determine the coordinates of the center of the control field, while the photo-receiving device includes one photo-sensitive element, which is informationally connected to the coordinate selection unit, the output of which is connected to the result registration and visual display device, using a reverse communication channel. c zo Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the CTC, which allows implementing the proposed method of controlling the accuracy and quality of guidance and eliminating the shortcomings of the above-mentioned control and training device. The CTC includes a source of directed optical radiation with a modulator (1) that forms a spatial-positional information field, a photo-receiving device (2), an information field signal transmitter (3), a return communication channel (4), a signal receiver information field (5), coordinate selection block (6) and a device for recording results and their visual display (7). uh-

CTC works like this.

The source of directional optical radiation and the modulator (1) transform continuous radiation into spatial-positional radiation. This radiation falls on a photo-receiving device (2) installed near the line of sight, which converts an optical signal into an electrical one. The electrical signal enters the information field signal transmitter (4) and is transmitted to the information field signal receiver (5) via the communication channel. with c The electrical signal from the signal receiver of the information field (5) is sent to the coordinate selection block (6), which determines at each moment of time the relative deviation of the center of the control field from the location point;" photo-receiving device and transmits information to the device for recording results and visual display (7).

To prepare the CPC for work, the photo-receiving device is placed at a given range near the -I line of sight of the sight - the guidance device or directly on the target at which shooting is expected. The information field signal transmitter (4) is installed near the photo-receiving device (2), and the information field signal receiver (5), the coordinate allocation unit (6) and

Go! device for recording results and visual display (7).

When working with the CTK, the operator uses the gun control mechanisms to direct the sighting mark on the target, simulate a shot with a guided projectile and keep the sighting mark on the target all the time while the sighting device is working

From guidance.

Information about the quality and accuracy of pointing is highlighted by the coordinate selection block, displayed by the device for registering results and visual display (7). During control firings, the operator fires, and the CPC registers the accuracy and quality of the operator's work and the correctness of the aiming equipment with the registration of the results of the gunner's work during the entire time of the aiming simulation. (F, The effectiveness of the claimed method and the training and control set was confirmed in the conditions of real shootings.

Sources of information: in 1. Patent of Russia Mo2065131; 2. Patent of Russia Mo2138002;

Z. Author's certificate Mo445822; 4. Magazine "Radio", M.: 1978, Language, pp. 16-20. for

Claims (2)

The formula of the invention 1. A method of controlling the quality and accuracy of weapon aiming, which includes the formation of directional optical radiation connected to the gunner’s sight, its conversion into an electrical signal by a photo-receiving device located in the area of radiation action, which is characterized by the fact that the light stream of the emitter is formed during the entire aiming time, turn it into a spatial-positional information field, which allows one photosensitive sensor to determine the coordinates of the center of the control field, and the accuracy and quality of guidance are evaluated by analyzing the deviation of the coordinates of the center of the control field from the location point of the photosensitive sensor on the entire flight path during the entire time of 70 simulations of guidance . 2 The training and control set, which includes a source of optical radiation, a photo-receiving device consisting of photosensitive elements, and a device for recording shooting results, which is distinguished by the fact that an optical radiation modulator is additionally introduced into its composition, which converts continuous radiation into spatial-positional radiation, which allows you to determine the coordinates of the center 75 of the control field, while the photo-receiving device has one photosensitive element, the output of which is informationally connected by means of a reverse communication channel to the coordinate selection unit, the output of which is connected to the device for registering results and visual display. c schi 6) c (ze) (ee) (ze) and - - and? -i (95) (ee) (95) Ko) ime) 60 b5