UA73398C2 - Smoke fire detector ?? ?? ?? ?? - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed smoke fire detector can be used in fire alarm systems that are installed, specifically, in rooms with false ceilings. The proposed detector is distinctive by its enhanced reliability in operation due to using two smoke sensors (specifically optoelectronic sensors that operate depending on the optical density of air), which are installed at different positions along the vertical axis of the detector. The design of the fire detector and the connections of the detector with fire alarm devices provide a possibility to replace fire detectors. As a result, the maintenance of fire alarm systems can be simplified.

Description

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a smoke fire detector with one base for connection to a fire alarm loop (clauses 1-4 of the claims).

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a smoke fire detector with two bases with different transverse dimensions (items 1-3, 5 of the claims).

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a smoke fire detector with three bases (items 1, 2, 6 of the claims).

The smoke fire detector shown in Fig. 1 contains the main smoke detector 1 with a base 2, on which an electronic unit C with output contacts 4, an internal indicator 5 of the detector status and an optical-electronic sensor b, located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7, is installed. The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is disconnectedly connected to its base 8, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit Z of the main smoke detector 1 are disconnectedly connected to the loop 9 of the fire alarm and the external indicator 10 of the detector status through contacts 11 of the base 8 main smoke detector 1. On the same vertical axis as the main smoke detector 1, there is an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13, on which an electronic unit 14 with an optical-electronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 16 is installed. Electrical connection of the electronic unit 14 with the loop 9 of the fire alarm system and the external indicator 10 of the detector status is carried out through the electronic unit C of the main smoke detector 1, its output contacts 4 and contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 with the help of conductors 17.

Detectors 1 and 12 are turned to each other by bases 2 and 13, which are rigidly connected to each other by a rod 18. The base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 has a through hole 19, and the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod 18 and the additional smoke detector 12 do not exceed the minimum transverse dimensions of this through hole 19.

To disconnect, remove, and to install the detector in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1, it is necessary that the size ratios are fulfilled:

OA OB, OA Os, where FA is the minimum transverse size of the through hole 19 of the base 8;

OB - the maximum transverse size of the additional detector 12;

OS - the maximum transverse size of the rod is 18.

The smoke fire detector shown in Fig. 2 contains a main smoke detector 1 with a base 2 on which an electronic unit C with output contacts 4, an internal indicator 5 of the detector status and an optical-electronic sensor 6 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7 is installed. The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is disconnectedly connected to its base 8, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit From the main smoke detector 1 are disconnectedly connected to the loop 9 of the fire alarm and the external indicator 10 of the detector status through contacts 11 of the base 8 main smoke detector 1. On the same vertical axis as the main smoke detector 1, there is an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13, on which an electronic unit 14 with an optical-electronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 16 is installed. A rod 18 is attached to the base 2. Base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 has a through hole 19, and the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod 18 and the additional smoke detector 12 do not exceed the minimum transverse dimensions of this through hole 19. at the second end of the rod 18, the base 20 of the additional smoke detector 12 is installed, which is removably connected to the base 13 of the additional smoke detector 12.

The electronic unit 14 is made with output contacts 21 that are releasably connected to contacts 22 of the base 20.

With the help of conductors 23, contacts 22 are connected to the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3. In this way, with the help of conductors 23, the electronic unit 14 of the additional smoke detector 12 is connected to the loop 9 of the fire alarm.

For disconnection, removal and installation in the base 8 of the entire structure of the detector (with the main detector 1 and the additional detector 12 installed on the base 20, which in turn is fixed on the rod 18), it is necessary that the size ratios are fulfilled:

OA OB, DA» OS, FA » 0, where FA is the minimum transverse size of the through hole 19 of the base 8;

OB - the maximum transverse size of the additional detector 12;

OS - the maximum transverse size of the rod 18. - the maximum transverse size of the base 20 of the additional detector 12.

The maximum transverse size B of the additional detector 12 can be determined by the dimensions of the largest cross-sectional element of its design, depending on the specific implementation. Thus, for a specific implementation according to clause 4 of the claim (Fig. 1), the maximum transverse size B of the additional detector 12 is equal to the maximum transverse size of the base 13, and for a specific implementation according to clause 5 of the claim (Fig. 2), this size is also determined by the maximum the transverse size of the base 20 of the additional detector 12.

The smoke fire detector shown in Fig. 3 contains the main smoke detector 1 with a base 2 on which an electronic unit C with output contacts 4, an internal indicator 5 of the detector status and an optical-electronic sensor b located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7 is installed. The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is detachably connected to its base 8, output contacts 4 of the electronic unit From the main smoke detector 1 are detachably connected to contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1. On the same vertical axis as the main smoke detector 1 has an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13 on which an electronic unit 14 with an optical-electronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 16 is installed. The base of the additional smoke detector 12 is removably connected to the base 20 a the output contacts 21 of the electronic unit 14 are releasably connected to the contacts 22 of the base 20, which is connected to the base 8 by means of a tubular coupling 24, on the outer surface of which contacts are made acts 25, electrically connected by means of conductors 26 to the contacts 11 of the base 8 and the contacts 22 of the base 20. The tubular coupling 24 is coaxially located inside the tubular third base 27, with which it is removably connected, and the contacts 25 of the coupling 24 connected to the contacts 28 of the third base 27 and through them to the loop 9 of the fire alarm and the external indicator 10 of the detector status. According to this version, the main detector 1 and the additional detector 12 are made with the same transverse dimensions, and the internal transverse minimum dimensions of the tubular third base 27 are greater than the maximum transverse dimensions of the main smoke detector 1, the additional smoke detector 12 and the tubular coupling 24.

It should be noted that in any version of the proposed detector, instead of the optical-electronic sensor 6, another smoke sensor, for example, an ionization one, can be used.

The proposed smoke fire detector works as follows.

When using the detector made according to the first version of the implementation (items 1-3, 4 of the claims, Fig. 1) on the false ceiling of the room in the place where the detector is planned to be installed, a hole is made in which the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 is installed. Contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 are connected to the fire alarm loop 9 and, if necessary, to the external indicator 10 of the detector status. Through the through hole in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 from the bottom up, an additional smoke detector 12 is inserted, which, thanks to the rod 13, is installed at the required distance from the main ceiling at the moment when the base 8 is mechanically connected to the base 2 of the main smoke detector 1. At the same time as this connection, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit C are also disconnected with the contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1.

After the supply voltage is applied to loop 9 of the fire alarm, the detector switches to the next mode of operation. Electronic blocks C and 14 with the help of optical-electronic sensors 6 and 15 control the optical density of air in the smoke chambers 7 and 16, respectively. Since the horizontally ventilated smoke chambers 7 and 16 are located under the suspended and main ceilings, any horizontal movement of smoke along the main or suspended ceiling causes an increase in the optical density of the air in one of the smoke chambers 7 or 16, or in both at once. An increase in the optical density of air in at least one of the smoke chambers 7 or 16 above the set limit is recorded by the electronic unit Z or 14, respectively. The detector generates the "FIRE" signal, which changes the state of the loop 9 of the fire alarm, the internal indicator 5 and the external indicator 10 of the state of the detector. Returning to the normal state of the detector is carried out by turning off the power supply voltage of the loop 9 of the fire alarm system after reducing the optical density of the air below the set level in both smoke chambers 7 and 16 of the main and additional smoke detectors 1 and 12.

In a similar way, the detector, made according to the second version of the implementation (items 1-3, 5 of the claims, Fig. 2), is installed and works.

A distinctive feature of this version of the detector is that the additional detector 12 is removable and is a conventional point smoke detector, similar in design to the main detector 1, with transverse dimensions that allow it to pass through the through hole 19 in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1.

The proposed detector according to the third variant of execution (clauses 1, 2, b of the claims, Fig. 3) is installed as follows.

On the false ceiling, in the place where the detector is planned to be installed, a hole is made in which the tubular third base 27 is installed, the contacts 28 of the base 27 are connected to the loop 9 of the fire alarm and to the external indicator 10 of the detector status. The main smoke detector 1 and the additional smoke detector 12 are separately connected to the corresponding bases 8 and 20. Thus, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit C of the main smoke detector 1 and the output contacts 21 of the electronic unit 14 of the additional detector 12 are connected to the corresponding contacts 11 and 22 of the bases 8 and 20, and through them with contacts 25 of the tubular coupling 24. Through the through hole in the third base 27 from the bottom up, an additional smoke detector 12 is introduced, which thanks to the tubular coupling 24 is installed at the required distance from the main ceiling at the moment when the third base 27 is mechanically connected to the tubular coupling 24. During this connection, the contacts 25 of the tubular coupling 24 are also disconnected with the contacts 28 of the tubular third base 26.

After the supply voltage is applied to loop 9 of the fire alarm, the detector switches to the next mode of operation and works according to the above-described scheme, similarly to the detectors made according to the first and second options.

The proposed detectors are manufactured using well-known mass-produced smoke point fire detectors, for example: SPD-3, DIP-44, etc. using known connecting means - rods or couplings. At the same time, the proposed detectors represent a new class of smoke fire detectors - multi-point, at least two-point.

The use of detectors of the proposed design does not entail the need to change the structure of the ceiling in the controlled room, their maintenance and installation is as simple as the maintenance and installation of conventional point detectors. At the same time, the detectors of the proposed design provide control of the presence of smoke in two points of space, which makes their use very promising in modern rooms equipped with false ceilings or in other similar conditions.

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