RU2265888C2 - Smoke fire alarm - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire alarm systems.

SUBSTANCE: device has main smoke detector, additional smoke detector, both detectors are positioned on one vertical axis, directed by bases towards each other and are rigidly connected to each other. Due to use of additional smoke detector, its position and connections to other elements of device trustworthy control of smoke presence is provided (in particular, when using optic-electronic sensors - control of optical density frequency air) in two points of controlled space, positioned on same vertical axis, while by character of connection to fire alarm cable device remains detachable, this property substantially simplifies maintenance of device.

EFFECT: simplified operation conditions and simplified maintenance.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fire alarm and can be used in fire alarm systems to detect smoke, for example, in rooms, in particular, in rooms with suspended ceilings.

An example of devices that are currently widely used to control the presence of smoke in rooms is a smoke detector [IP212-3CM fire detector. Passport TsFSK425231.002PS], which contains a smoke detector with a base on which an electronic unit with output contacts is mounted, an internal detector status indicator and an optoelectronic sensor located in the smoke chamber, the base of the smoke detector is detachably connected to its base, output contacts of the electronic unit smoke detectors are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop and an external detector status indicator through the base contacts. The vertically ventilated smoke chamber of this detector is mounted on the base in such a way that air is transported into this chamber both from bottom to top and top to bottom through slots in the base and the gap between the smoke detector and its base.

A detector of this type does not provide smoke control in a room with a sufficiently high degree of reliability of control. Indeed, when it spreads, smoke spreads across the ceiling in a horizontal plane, which means that it is difficult to get into the vertically ventilated smoke chamber from the bottom up, and from the top down it is generally unlikely [″ What is in your ceiling space (M. Popov, 03/03/02. .ru / print? asp77637].

Closest to the invention that is claimed is a smoke detector [Optical-electronic smoke detector IP212-44 "DIP-44". Eaves signal Catalog of products for fire automation systems manufactured by enterprises in Obninsk. 2003], which contains a smoke detector with a base on which an electronic unit with output contacts is installed, an internal detector status indicator and a smoke sensor located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, the smoke detector base is detachably connected to its base, the output contacts of the smoke detector electronic block detachably connected to the fire alarm loop and an external status indicator through the contacts of the base of the main determinant.

Such a detector also provides control of the optical density of air at only one point in space, which does not meet the requirements for smoke control in rooms with suspended ceilings or in other conditions associated with the need to simultaneously control two points of space. In accordance with normative documents on fire alarm systems (Fire extinguishing and alarm systems are automatic. Design standards and application. DBN V 2.5-13-98), it is recommended to monitor the inter-ceiling space using conventional point detectors, one of which is installed on the main ceiling of the room, and the second using transition rings - on the false ceiling, and the design of the false ceiling should provide access to these detectors for their maintenance. The use of two detectors in accordance with such standards is associated with the need to complicate the design of the ceiling in the room, complicating the service conditions of the detectors, and the use of only one point detector installed on a false ceiling does not provide the necessary reliability of monitoring the presence of smoke in the inter-ceiling space.

The basis of the invention is the task to simplify the conditions of use and maintenance of detectors while maintaining high reliability of the control of smoke in the room by providing the ability to control one removable detector at the same time in two points of space located on the same vertical axis.

The problem is solved in that the smoke detector, which contains the main smoke detector with a base on which an electronic unit with output contacts, an internal indicator and a smoke sensor is installed, is located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, the base of the main detector is detachably connected to its base, the output contacts of the electronic unit of the main determinant are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop and an external status indicator through the contacts of the base of the main determinant According to the invention, the detector also contains an additional smoke detector with a base on which an electronic unit is installed with a smoke sensor located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, an additional detector module is electrically connected to the fire alarm loop, both determinants are located on the same vertical axis, are deployed to each other's bases and are rigidly interconnected. Smoke sensors can be made in the form of optoelectronic sensors. According to one embodiment (claim 3 of the claims), the bases of the primary and secondary smoke detectors are interconnected by a rigid rod, the base of the primary determinant is made with a through hole, the minimum transverse dimensions of which do not exceed the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod and additional determinant. In this case, the electronic unit of the additional determinant can be electrically connected to the electronic unit of the main determinant (claim 4), or there can be the following implementation: the additional smoke detector contains a base detachably connected to its base, the electronic unit of the additional determinant is made with output contacts, detachably connected through the contacts of the base of the additional determinant, and the output contacts of the electronic unit of the main determinant with the contacts of the base of the main identifier I (claim 5). According to another embodiment (claim 6 of the claims), the additional smoke detector contains a base detachably connected to its base, the primary and secondary determinants are made with the same transverse dimensions, the bases of the primary and secondary determinants are interconnected using a tubular coupling, on the outer surface of which made contacts electrically connected to the contacts of the bases of the main and additional determinants, the coupling is coaxially located inside the tubular third base, with which it it is detachably connected, the coupling contacts are detachably connected to the contacts of the third base and through them - with a fire alarm cable and an external status indicator.

In the proposed detector, through the use of an additional smoke detector, its location and its connections with other detector elements, reliable control of the presence of smoke is ensured (in particular, when using optoelectronic sensors - control of the optical density of air) at two points of the controlled space located on one vertical axis, at the same time, by the nature of the connection with the fire alarm loop, the detector remains a removable product, which greatly simplifies routine maintenance t Maintenance smoke detector.

Depending on the number of bases used (one, two or three), the smoke detector has several options.

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of a smoke detector with one base for connection with a fire alarm loop (claims 1-4 of the claims).

Figure 2 presents a block diagram of a smoke detector with two bases with different transverse dimensions (claims 1-3, 5 of the claims).

Figure 3 presents a block diagram of a smoke detector with three bases (claims 1, 2, 6 of the claims).

The smoke detector shown in Fig. 1 contains a main smoke detector 1 with a base 2 on which an electronic unit 3 with output contacts 4, an internal detector 5 of the detector status and an optoelectronic sensor 6 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7 are installed The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is detachably connected to its base 8, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3 of the main smoke detector 1 are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop 9 and an external indicator 10 I detector through contacts 11 base 8 primary identifier 1 smoke. On the same vertical axis with the main smoke detector 1, there is an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13, on which an electronic unit 14 with an optoelectronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally vented smoke chamber 16 is installed. Electrical connection of the electronic unit 14 with a fire alarm cable 9 and an external indicator 10 of the detector status is carried out through the electronic unit 3 of the main smoke detector 1, its output contacts 4 and contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 using wire 17. Detectors 1 and 12 are turned to each other by bases 2 and 13, which are rigidly interconnected by a rod 18. The base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 has a through hole 19, and the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod 18 and the additional smoke detector 12 do not exceed the minimum transverse through hole sizes 19.

To disable, remove and install the detector in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1, it is necessary that the following size ratios are met:

⌀A≥⌀B, ⌀A≥⌀C,

where ⌀A is the minimum transverse dimension of the through hole 19 of the base 8;

⌀В - maximum transverse dimension of the additional determinant 12;

⌀С - maximum lateral rod size 18.

The smoke detector shown in figure 2, contains the main smoke detector 1 with base 2, on which an electronic unit 3 with output contacts 4, an internal detector 5 of the detector status and an optoelectronic sensor 6 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7 are installed The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is detachably connected to its base 8, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3 of the main smoke detector 1 are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop 9 and an external indicator 10 I detector through contacts 11 base 8 primary identifier 1 smoke. On the same vertical axis with the main smoke detector 1, there is an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13, on which an electronic unit 14 with an optoelectronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally vented smoke chamber 16 is mounted. A rod 18 is attached to the base 2. Base 8 of the main the smoke detector 1 has a through hole 19, the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod 18 and the additional smoke detector 12 do not exceed the minimum transverse dimensions of this through hole 19. At the second end of the rod 18, the base 20 of the additional smoke detector 12 is installed, which is detachably connected to the base 13 of the additional smoke detector 12. The electronic unit 14 is made with output contacts 21, which are detachably connected to the contacts 22 of the base 20. Using conductors 23, the contacts 22 are connected to the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3. Thus, using the conductors 23, the electronic unit 14 of the additional smoke detector 12 is connected to the cable 9 fire alarms.

To disable, remove and install in the base 8 the entire detector design (with the main determinant 1 and additional determinant 12 installed on the base 20, which in turn is mounted on the rod 18), it is necessary that the following size ratios are met:

⌀A≥⌀B, ⌀A≥⌀C, ⌀A≥⌀D,

where ⌀A is the minimum transverse dimension of the through hole 19 of the base 8;

⌀В - maximum transverse dimension of the additional determinant 12;

⌀С - maximum lateral rod size 18;

⌀D is the maximum transverse size of the base 20 of the additional determinant 12.

The maximum transverse dimension ⌀ In the additional determinant 12 may be determined by the dimensions of the largest in the cross section of the element of its design, depending on the specific implementation. So, for a specific implementation according to claim 4 of the claims (FIG. 1), the maximum transverse dimension ⌀B of the additional determinant 12 is equal to the maximum transverse size of the base 13, and for a particular implementation according to claim 5 of the claims (FIG. 2), this size is also determined the maximum transverse size of the base 20 of the additional determinant 12.

The smoke detector shown in Fig. 3 contains a main smoke detector 1 with a base 2, on which an electronic unit 3 with output contacts 4, an internal detector 5 of the detector status and an optoelectronic sensor 6 located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber 7 are installed The base 2 of the main smoke detector 1 is detachably connected to its base 8, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3 of the main smoke detector 1 are detachably connected to the contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1. On one vertical On the main axis with the main smoke detector 1, there is an additional smoke detector 12 with a base 13 on which an electronic unit 14 with an optoelectronic sensor 15 located in a horizontally vented smoke chamber 16 is installed. The base 3 of the additional smoke detector 12 is detachably connected to the base 20, and the output contacts 21 of the electronic unit 14 are detachably connected to the contacts 22 of the base 20, which is connected to the base 8 using a tubular coupling 24, on the outer surface of which are made the contacts 25, electrically connected to by conductors 26 with contacts 11 of the base 8 and contacts 22 of the base 20. The tubular coupling 24 is coaxially located inside the tubular third base 27 to which it is detachably connected, and the contacts 25 of the coupling 24 are connected to the contacts 28 of the third base 27 and through them to the fire line 9 alarm and external indicator 10 detector status. According to this embodiment, the main determinant 1 and the additional determinant 12 are made with the same transverse dimensions, and the inner transverse minimum dimensions of the tubular third base 27 are larger than the maximum transverse dimensions of the main smoke determiner 1, the additional smoke determiner 12 and the tubular sleeve 24.

It should be noted that in any of the embodiments of the proposed detector, instead of an optoelectronic sensor 6, another smoke sensor, for example, an ionization one, can be used.

The proposed smoke detector works as follows.

When using a detector made in accordance with the first embodiment (claims 1-3, 4 of the claims, FIG. 1), a hole is made in the false ceiling of the room in the place where the detector is to be installed, in which base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 is installed. Contacts 11 the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1 is connected to the fire alarm loop 9 and, if necessary, to the external detector 10 status indicator. Through the through hole in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1, an additional smoke detector 12 is introduced from bottom to top, which, thanks to the rod 18, is installed at the required distance from the main ceiling at the moment when the base 8 is mechanically connected to the base 2 of the main smoke detector 1. At the same time the connection also provides a detachable connection of the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3 with the contacts 11 of the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1.

After applying the supply voltage to the loop 9 of the fire alarm, the detector enters standby mode. Electronic units 3 and 14 using optoelectronic sensors 6 and 15 control the optical density of air in the smoke chambers 7 and 16, respectively. Since the horizontally ventilated smoke chambers 7 and 16 are located under the suspended and main ceilings, any horizontal movement of smoke along the main or suspended ceiling creates an increase in the optical density of air in one of the smoke chambers 7 or 16, or both immediately above the established limit, is fixed by the electronic unit 3 or 14, respectively. The detector generates a “FIRE” signal, in which the state of the fire alarm loop 9, internal indicator 5 and external indicator 10 of the detector status changes. The detector is returned to the standby state by turning off the supply voltage of the fire alarm loop 9 after reducing the optical density of air below the established level in both smoke chambers 7 and 16 of the main and additional smoke detectors 1 and 12.

In a similar manner, a detector made according to the second embodiment is installed and operates (claims 1-3, 5 of the claims, FIG. 2).

A distinctive feature of this variant of the detector is that the additional detector 12 is removable and is a conventional point smoke detector, similar in design to the main detector 1, with transverse dimensions that allow it to pass through the through hole 19 in the base 8 of the main smoke detector 1.

The proposed detector according to the third embodiment (claim 1, 2, 6 of the claims, figure 3) is installed as follows.

On the false ceiling, in the place where it is planned to install the detector, a hole is made in which the tubular third base 27 is installed, the contacts 28 of the base 27 are connected to the fire alarm loop 9 and to the external detector status indicator 10. The main smoke detector 1 and the additional smoke detector 12 are detachably connected to the corresponding bases 8 and 20. Thus, the output contacts 4 of the electronic unit 3 of the main smoke detector 1 and the output contacts 21 of the electronic unit 14 of the additional smoke detector 12 are connected to the corresponding contacts 11 and 22 of the bases 8 and 20, and through them with contacts 25 of the tubular coupling 24. Through the through hole in the third base 27, an additional smoke detector 12 is introduced from bottom to top, which, thanks to the tubular coupling 24, is mounted on the required dimom distance from the basic ceiling when the mechanical connection is carried third base 27 with tubular sleeve 24. When this compound is also carried releasable connection contacts 25 of tubular sleeve 24 contacts with the third base 28 of the tubular 26.

After supplying the supply voltage to the fire alarm loop 9, the detector goes into standby mode of operation and operates according to the above-described circuit in the same way as detectors made according to the first and second variants.

The proposed detector variants are manufactured using well-known smoke point fire detectors, which are mass-produced, for example: SPD-3, DIP-44, etc .; using known connecting means - rods or couplings. At the same time, the proposed detectors represent a new class of smoke detectors - multi-point, at least two-point.

The use of detectors of the proposed design does not entail the need to change the design of the ceiling in a controlled room, their maintenance and installation is as simple as the maintenance and installation of conventional point detectors. At the same time, the detectors of the proposed design provide control of the presence of smoke at two points in space, which makes their use very promising in modern rooms equipped with false ceilings, or in other similar conditions.

Claims (6)

1. Smoke detector containing a main smoke detector with a base, on which an electronic unit for controlling the optical density of air is installed with output contacts, an internal detector status indicator and a smoke sensor located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, while the base of the main smoke detector detachably connected to its base, designed for installation at the location of the detector, the output contacts of the electronic unit of the main determinant for The detectors are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop and an external status indicator through the contacts of the base of the main smoke detector, characterized in that the detector contains an additional smoke detector with a base, on which an electronic unit is installed that is electrically connected to the fire alarm loop and designed to control the level of optical density of air a smoke sensor located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, while the base of the main smoke detector is made with a through hole In fact, the maximum transverse dimensions of the additional smoke determinant do not exceed the minimum transverse dimensions of the aforementioned holes, and both determinants are located on the same vertical axis and are turned to each other by bases that are rigidly connected to each other. 2. The detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the smoke sensors are made in the form of optoelectronic sensors. 3. The detector according to claim 1, characterized in that the bases of the main and additional smoke detectors are interconnected by a rigid rod, and the maximum transverse dimensions of the rod do not exceed the minimum transverse dimensions of the through hole in the base of the main smoke detector. 4. The detector according to claim 3, characterized in that the electrical connection to the fire alarm loop of the electronic unit of the additional smoke detector is made through the electronic unit of the main smoke detector. 5. The detector according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional smoke detector contains a base detachably connected to its base, the electronic unit of the additional smoke detector is made with output contacts detachably connected through the base contacts of the additional smoke detector and the output contacts of the electronic unit of the main smoke detector with contacts of the base of the main smoke detector. 6. A smoke detector containing a main smoke detector with a base, on which an electronic unit designed to control the level of optical density of air is installed with output contacts, an internal detector status indicator and a smoke sensor located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, while the base of the main smoke detector detachably connected to its base, the output contacts of the electronic unit of the main smoke detector are detachably connected to the fire alarm loop and externally an indicator of the state through the contacts of the base of the main smoke detector, characterized in that the detector contains an additional smoke detector with a base on which an electronic unit with a smoke sensor located electrically connected to the fire alarm cable is installed to control the level of optical density of air, located in a horizontally ventilated smoke chamber, the base of the additional smoke detector is detachably connected to its base, the main and additional smoke detectors are rotated the bases to each other and are located on the same vertical axis, and their bases are rigidly interconnected by means of a tubular coupling, on the outer surface of which contacts are made, electrically connected to the contacts of the bases of the main and additional smoke detectors, the coupling is coaxially located inside intended for installation at the location the detector of the tubular third base with which it is detachably connected, while the main and additional smoke detectors are made with the same transverse dimensions, allowing conductive introduce an additional determinant of smoke into the through-hole in the third tubular base and coupling pins are releasably connected to the third base contacts and through them - with a train fire alarm and an external state indicator.

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