UA72353C2 - Tank simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed tank simulator is designed for training operator-drivers of tanks and other armored fighting machines. The simulator contains a cabin, a spherical joint for the cabin, a platform with longitudinal displacement, a platform with lateral displacement, and electric drives for the platforms. The cabin is installed at the mounting plate of the spherical joint. The mounting plate is linked via transfer mechanisms with electric drives for tilting the cabin relative to the horizontal plane. The electric drives with transfer mechanisms are installed on a spring-loaded supporting structure coupled with the said platforms. The proposed simulator provides the possibility to train tank operator-drivers when simulating the tank movement under different conditions, for example in movement with right and left turns, in overcoming obstacles such as a tank ditch, escarpment, and counterscarp.

Description

The invention relates to educational and training tools and is intended for teaching and training mechanics-drivers of tracked vehicles, and more specifically tanks and armored vehicles.

A known simulator (1), which contains a track that is made of components at different levels and is connected to each other by a link that can be transformed, and the track is fixed with anchors and a cable system, and also contains at least two diametrically located masts, as well as drives. In addition, the track contains drives, and its horizontal part has a transforming link, and the road base of the link is made of flexible elements and removable rigid profile structures.

The main disadvantage of this simulator is low reliability due to the long length of the component links.

In addition, the simulator has limited functional capabilities that do not allow simulating real conditions that occur when driving on terrain with rough terrain.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed tank simulator is a device for simulating the longitudinal and transverse acceleration of the vehicle compartment (2), which contains devices for longitudinal and transverse movements placed one above the other. Each of the devices includes two carriages that are spaced apart to move along one of two rails that are parallel to each other.

Starting from the center, each of the rails rises symmetrically in the direction of their front and back sides.

The cabin is installed on the transverse motion device. The rails of the longitudinal motion device are attached to the stationary base frame, and the rails of the transverse motion device are attached to the platform that holds the cabin. The main frame contains two saw-shaped side walls, which are connected to each other by transverse bridges.

The platform on which the cabin is fixed has front and rear transverse supports of a triangular shape, the longer side of these supports running in the direction of the upper part of the platform, and the other two sides, forming an obtuse angle, running in the opposite direction to the back of the platform. Transverse calipers are connected to each other using an element that has a pyramid shape and a triangular pyramidal cross section. The carriages of longitudinal and transverse movements are connected to each other by means of a ball joint, and the carriage of longitudinal movement is connected to the rail by means of bearings.

The main drawback is the low functional capabilities of the simulator, i.e. the design of the simulator does not allow simulating circular motion, a sudden drop of a tank from a cliff, uneven terrain.

In addition, the design of the simulator does not allow the cadet to feel the distance from the seat to the ground.

The invention is based on the task of improving the design of the tank simulator by changing the design of the longitudinal and transverse movement devices, the connection unit of the cabin with the above-mentioned devices that allow simulating the movement of the simulator in 360 degrees, movement when overcoming obstacles of the "anti-tank ditch" type, falling from a height, obstacles of the "escarpment" and "counterscarp" type, which will lead to the expansion of functional capabilities and an increase in the efficiency of the training of mechanics-drivers of tanks.

The task is solved by the fact that in the tank simulator, which contains a cabin, platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement with electric drives, according to the invention, the cabin is installed on the casing of the ball support, rigidly connected to the traverse, and the casing of the ball support is connected with the help of a bevel gear with a planetary disk, the lower part of which is in contact with the corresponding electric drives of the horizontal inclination of the cabin, mounted on the crossbar and placed one against the other, and the crossbar is mounted on a connecting rod that passes through the platforms of longitudinal and transverse movements, and the connecting rod is located in the casing and is spring-loaded to its base, and elastic brackets are rigidly fixed to the housing of the casing, the second ends of which are in contact with the platform of transverse movement, instead of the front end of the traverse, a stabilizer is attached, which freely passes through the platform of longitudinal and transverse movement, and the connecting rod is connected to the power electric drive through the gearbox and is in contact with two friction ions connected to an electromagnet installed on the platform of transverse movement, and in the platform of longitudinal movement, in the places where the stabilizer and the casing pass through it, transverse windows are made, and on the platform of longitudinal movement, guides are installed, in which the rollers of the platform of transverse movement are placed, and the platforms of longitudinal and transverse movements are installed on rollers that are connected to the electric drive, and the surface of the rollers of the longitudinal movement platform has a grooved surface.

Installation of the cabin on the casing of the ball support, which is rigidly connected to the crossbar by means of a hanger, and the connection of the casing by means of a bevel gear to the planetary disc, the lower part of which is in contact with the electric drives of the horizontal inclination of the cabin, installed on the traverse, which is placed on connecting rod, made it possible to simulate the movement of a tank simulator at 360", movement along an inclined plane, both in transverse and longitudinal displacements.

The connection of the connecting rod through a gearbox with a power electric drive, as well as its contact with two PIN frictions connected to an electromagnet, the presence of a stabilizer and their constructive connections with platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement made it possible to simulate the tank overcoming obstacles of the "anti-tank ditch" type. falling from a height and "escarp" and "counter-scarp" type obstacles.

Placement of the platform of longitudinal movement on rollers, the surface of which has a corrugated structure, allows you to simulate the movement of a tank on a hilly surface.

In addition, the proposed design of the tank simulator allows the cadet to get a feeling of real presence in the tank relative to the level of the ground and the horizon.

Figure 1 shows the general view of the tank simulator, front view.

Figure 2 shows the general view of the tank simulator, side view.

Figure 3 shows a view of the tank simulator from above.

Fig. 4 shows a tank simulator simulating movement also tilted downwards.

Figure 5 shows a tank simulator simulating the upward movement of a tank.

Figure 6 shows a tank simulator simulating overcoming a slope on the left

The tank simulator contains (Fig. 1, 2, 5) the cabin 1, installed on the casing 2 of the ball support Z, rigidly connected to the traverse 4, and the casing 2 of the ball support C is connected to the planetary disk b by means of a bevel gear 5 , the lower part of which is in contact with the corresponding electric drives 9, 10, 11, 12 of the horizontal inclination of the cabin 1, installed on the cross member 4 and placed one against the other, and the cross member 4 is installed on the connecting rod 13, which passes through the platforms of longitudinal 28 and transverse 26 movements, and connecting rod 13 is placed in casing 33 and is spring-loaded to its base, and elastic brackets 35 are rigidly attached to casing 33, the second ends of which are in contact with platform 26 of transverse movement, and stabilizer 14 (Fig. 2) is fixed at the front end of traverse 4, which is freely passes through the platforms of longitudinal 28 and transverse 26 movement, and the connecting rod 13 through the reducer 15 is connected to the power electric drive 16 and contacts (Fig. 3) with two frictions 17, 18, connected to e electromagnet 19 installed on the platform 26 of transverse movement, and in the platform 28 of longitudinal movement in the places where the stabilizer 14 and the casing 33 pass through it, transverse windows 20 are made, and on the platform 28 of longitudinal movement guides 21 are installed, in which the rollers 22 of the platform 26 of the transverse movement are placed movement, and the longitudinal movement platform 28 is mounted on rollers 23, which are connected to the electric drive 24, and the surface of the rollers 23 of the longitudinal movement platform 28 has a grooved surface 25.

The tank simulator works as follows.

The tank simulator is placed in a special pit of the appropriate depth, length and width in such a way that cabin 1 is at the height of the seat of the mechanic-driver of a real tank in relation to the ground.

Cabin 1 contains all the controls and control devices of a real tank, which are used by a cadet who is learning driving techniques. In the cabin there is a sound and light alarm that simulates the operation of the engine, starter, etc. Training is carried out according to the appropriate program, which is set by the instructor and is displayed on the appropriate boards in the cabin.

To simulate movement in a straight line (Fig. 2), include the electric drive 24, which drives the rollers 23 of the platform 28 of longitudinal movement, the cabin 1 and the platform 26 of transverse movement at the same time is in the initial position, that is, stationary in relation to the platform 28 of longitudinal movement.

When simulating the rotation of the tank, the electric drives 7 and 8 of the circular movement of the cabin 1 are turned on, which, through the planetary disk 6 and the bevel gear 5, transmit forces to the casing 2 of the ball support C, and because the cabin 1 is attached to the casing 2, it starts to turn to the right or left depending from the advancing team.

In addition, the electric drive Z 7 is turned on, which moves the platform 26 of transverse movement in the appropriate direction. When simulating upward movement (Fig. 5), the electric drive 11 is turned on and through the planetary disk 6 and the bevel gear 5, the force is transmitted to the casing 2, which on the ball bearing Z raises the front part of the cabin 1 to the appropriate angle.

When simulating downward movement, the electric drive 12 is turned on, the force of which is transmitted through the planetary disk 6, the bevel gear 5 to the casing 2, which on the ball bearing Z raises the rear part of the cabin 1 to the appropriate angle.

When simulating the movement of a tank on a slope, the electric drive 9 is turned on on the right, the force of which is transmitted through the planetary disc b bevel gear 5 to the casing 2, which tilts the cab 1 to the left on the ball support to the appropriate angle.

When simulating the movement of the tank on the "slope" on the left (Fig. b6), the electric drive 10 is turned on, the force of which is transmitted through the planetary disk 6, the bevel gear 5 to the casing 2, which on the ball support Z tilts the cabin 1 to the right to the appropriate angle depending on steep slopes. When simulating the movement of a tank through an anti-tank ditch, when the front rollers of the tank fall sharply down, that is, the "corkscrew" mode, the electromagnet 19 is turned off and the connecting rod 13, together with the traverse 4 and the cabin 1, drops sharply down into the casing 33, which contains the shock-absorbing spring. The speed of fall of the connecting rod 13 is determined by the force transmitted from the electromagnet 19 through the fixed drum H.

When simulating a tank overcoming an obstacle of the "escarp" type, the connecting rod 13 together with the traverse 4 and the cabin 1 with the help of a moving drum P, which is connected through a gearbox 15 to an electric drive 16, rises sharply upwards. 27, 27 - lateral supporting and guiding connecting rod 13. 36 - hinged and telescopic connections. 37 - electric wire of the platform 26 of transverse movement. Gear 31, 32 transmits the force from the reducer 15 to the clutch 17,18. 34 - damping spring

References: 1. US Patent 5558582, class 00989/04, 1996. 2. US Patent Mob110049, class 00989/04, 2000.

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Claims (2)

1. A tank simulator, which contains a cabin and platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement with electric drives, which is distinguished by the fact that the cabin is installed on a casing of a ball bearing rigidly connected to a traverse, the casing of a ball bearing is connected to a planetary disk by means of a bevel gear, the lower part of which is in contact with the corresponding electric drives of the horizontal inclination of the cabin, mounted on the traverse and placed against each other, while the traverse is mounted on the connecting rod, which passes through the platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement, the connecting rod is placed in the casing and is spring-loaded to its base, and to the casing body rigidly attached elastic brackets, the second ends of which are in contact with the platform of transverse movement, a stabilizer is attached to the front end of the crossbar, which freely passes through the platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement, and the connecting rod is connected to the power drive through a gearbox and is in contact with a hinge with two frictions, with connected to the electromagnet installed on the frame of the transverse movement platform, transverse windows are made in the longitudinal movement platform in the places where the stabilizer and casing pass through it, and guides are installed on the longitudinal movement platform, in which the rollers of the transverse movement platform are placed. 2. The tank simulator according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the platforms of longitudinal and transverse movement are installed on rollers that are connected to the electric drive, and the surface of the rollers of the platform of longitudinal movement has a grooved surface.