UA65926A - Lighting unit for dynamical illumination - Google Patents

Abstract

Lighting unit for dynamical illumination has groups of light sources, those are made as light-radiating module, it includes one or more luminodiodes, respective electronic keys for power supply to the luminodiodes through ballast resistors, processor, this includes the programs for controlling in time the brightness and color of the luminodiodes by the method of frequency-pulse modulation, electronic keys control and the processors interaction, with synchronization of operation of those included; the inputs of the modules are integrated by electric bus, the outputs are earthed; at that the modules are integrated to spatial structures.

Description

The invention relates to special branches of electrical engineering, namely to devices for light sources with control circuits and can be used with various advertising and demonstration means with special effects, which ensure the creation of visually visible three-dimensional color images with an unusual light effect, which creates a special decorative an effect in the form of colorful decorative-artistic and advertising images that dynamically change and are reproduced in volumes and planes.

Known lighting devices, for example, switches of LED or lamp garlands, containing groups of light sources that form garlands of different colors, a pulse generator that switches garlands, made according to the usual scheme, including transistors, trinistors and inverters, which allow smooth switching on and turning off the garlands up to the realization of the "running wave" effect (see RADIO magazine, May 11, 1983, p. 52-54 |.

However, the light effect remains uniform even in the presence of a so-called running wave. Schemes for turning on and controlling light sources are static, do not allow for adjustment to a new light effect, work according to the algorithm of one permanent memory device.

Also known is a thyristor switching device for illumination lamps, which contains a pulse generator, a short pulse generator, a counter, a programmable non-volatile memory device, a multi-channel block of matching devices, four groups of thyristors and a block of keys (see the description to the author of the USSR Mo 1775878 , M. cl.

H 05 B 39/04, publ. 15.11.921, while the input of the short pulse generator is connected to the power supply, its output is connected to the information input of the key block, the non-volatile memory device has additional groups of outputs connected to the binary control inputs of the key block, the corresponding output which is connected to the input of the channel of the unit of devices that agree, which allows to simplify the device with the number of illumination lamps exceeding 16, increase reliability and reduce the level of interference. In addition, this technical solution expands the functionality of the device in the form of obtaining new lighting effects by changing the brightness level of each lamp in three stages according to any program.

As in the previous case, the nature of the light effect is determined by the algorithm of the permanent memory device, which leads to the uniformity of the light effects. The use of thyristor elements to switch the current that feeds light sources creates radio interference and network interference.

In addition, the device practically does not allow the possibility of reconfiguration to new light effects, which limits the possibility of using the device to create specific effects.

The closest to the proposed solution in terms of purpose, technical essence and the result achieved when used is a lighting device for dynamic lighting containing groups of light sources, a programmable switch with a clock control input, a clock pulse generator and a control circuit, see description to the patent of the Russian Federation Me 2006191, M. cl. H 05 B 39/04, publ. 15.01.94), which also has an ultrasonic vibration transmitter with an ultrasonic vibration generator, an ultrasonic vibration receiver and an ultrasonic vibration processing circuit. The visibility of the effect in this case can be increased due to the introduction of a connection between light effects and the rhythm of the sound frequency.

However, in the absence of sound frequency, the visibility of the light effect decreases. Since the number of rhythms used in practice is not infinite, the number of dynamic effects obtained with the help of the proposed device is limited. Therefore, the functional capabilities of the device are also limited. As in the previous case, the device practically does not allow the possibility of reconfiguration to new light effects.

Therefore, the purpose of the proposed technical solution is to increase the variety of light effects, improve visibility due to the increase in the dynamism of light effects and expand the functionality of the lighting device.

The invention is based on the task of improving a lighting device for dynamic lighting, in which, due to the implementation of each group of light sources in the form of a light-emitting module, which includes one or more LEDs, the corresponding electronic keys that feed the LEDs through ballast resistors, a processor containing programs control over time of the brightness and color of LEDs by the method of frequency-pulse modulation, control of electronic keys and the interaction of processors, including the synchronization of their work, while the inputs of the modules are connected by an electric bus, and the outputs are grounded, on the one hand, the autonomy of each module is ensured, and , on the other hand, the ability of modules to interact with each other, and due to this, the possibility of creating a device without external control with an unlimited number of modules, the possibility of programming and changing the work program of each module, and, as a result, the creation and change of the general work program and interaction of modules, is achieved.

The task is solved by the fact that in the known light engineering device for dynamic lighting, which contains groups of light sources and a power source, according to the invention, each group of light sources is made in the form of a light-emitting module, which includes one or more LEDs, their corresponding electronic keys, which power LEDs through ballast resistors, a processor containing programs for controlling the brightness and color of LEDs over time by the method of frequency-pulse modulation, control of electronic keys and the interaction of processors, including the synchronization of their work, the inputs of the modules are connected by an electric bus, the outputs are grounded, while the modules will form spatial structures.

According to the invention, it is connected to an external power source.

According to the invention, at least one module contains an independent power supply.

According to the invention, the module contains a signal sensor, for example, temperature, pressure, movement, etc.

According to the invention, the processor is made with the possibility of performing the sequence of actions necessary to turn on the light sources and change their intensity according to the program that implements M subroutines of light effects, in which, after turning on the power, the variable i-th number of the subroutine of light effects corresponding to the mode is reset to zero waiting, then, starting from the 1st, sequentially set the same numbers of subroutines, check the implementation of the inequality i"M, after a positive result of the check, execute the i-th subroutine of light effects, after the completion of the execution of the 1st subroutine of light effects, increase the number of the subroutine per unit, repeat the check and execution of the ith-1-0th subroutine, and so repeat these actions until the entire sequence of M subroutines is exhausted, while each subroutine forms Mi digital words that set | bytes of the light source control signal and the corresponding number of light sources, the output of the signals controlling the light intensity, and representing a digital sequence of eight-bit numbers corresponding to the number of light sources.

As can be seen from the summary of the essence of the claimed technical solution, it differs from the prototype and, therefore, is new.

The solution also has an inventive level. There are well-known light engineering devices for programmable switching of lighting lamps, in which the required program is selected manually or automatically in a closed cycle. This device allows you to get some lighting effects, for example, running lights, pairwise switching of lamps and others | see

Magazine "RADIO", 1990, Me 11, -S. 65-66 |. A lighting device designed to create various lighting effects is also known: running lights with a different number of simultaneously switched on lamps, changing the movement of light (reversing the running lights), as well as obtaining the effect of alternate switching off of the lamps (To help the radio amateur. Vol. 104, 1989, pp. 51-59, author of the USSR Me 1236539, M. cl. (5 09 E 9/30, publ. 06.07.86).

The main drawback of the technical solutions mentioned above, as well as those mentioned earlier, is the uniformity and weak dynamism of the created light effects, the staticity of the circuit solutions, which excludes the prompt reconfiguration of light effects.

Illumination assemblies are also known, containing light modules having a plurality of LEDs, a power supply module and a processor for controlling the electric current leading to the light-emitting diode so as to ensure the generation of the corresponding color (see the description of US patents Mo 6340868, M. Kl H 05 B 37/00, 37/04, published 01/22/02; Mo 6211626, M. class 5 05 R 01/00 published 04/03/011.

The proposed technical solution is fundamentally different from the known ones in that it allows you to quickly create new light effects by assembling various combinations of light modules with individual programs.

Programs are able to interact with each other, creating different light effects. The modular principle of building spatial structures (linear or three-dimensional) on various media, the presence of an individual program in each module, the possibility of reprogramming each module in the assembled device without disassembling it, increasing (or reducing) the number of modules in the structure on each media and the ability to change the number of illuminated media, such as windows, i.e. fast, without additional circuit development costs, makes this device attractive compared to similar non-modular devices, both aesthetically and commercially.

The proposed device is industrially applicable, especially in outdoor advertising devices, as well as as surveillance, notification, etc. systems.

The structure of the device and the principle of its operation are shown in the following diagrams.

Fig. 1 Scheme of a lighting device for dynamic lighting, containing t groups of light-emitting modules grouped into a light-emitting line.

Fig. 1.1 Scheme of interaction of elements of the light-emitting line.

Fig. 1.2 Scheme of the community of linear machines.

Fig. 1.3 Scheme of illumination of a group of windows.

Fig. 1.4 Scheme of two-coordinate illumination.

Fig. 1.5 Illumination scheme with a curved ruler.

Fig. 2 Scheme of the light-emitting module.

Fig.3 Schematic of the time cycle of the light-emitting module.

Fig. 4 Power scheme of each electronic key.

Fig. 5 Scheme of the module with an internal power source.

Fig. b6 Schematic of a lighting device for dynamic lighting, containing t groups of light-emitting modules and additional signal sensors.

Fig. 6.1 Scheme of signal exchange.

Fig. 6.2 Scheme of a simple linear topology.

Fig. 6.3 Scheme of a branched topology without intersections.

Fig. 6.4 Example of providing information to users.

Fig. 6.5 Scheme of the three-dimensional topology of placement of modules with intersections.

Fig. 7 Graphical representation of the algorithm of the program for controlling the work of t groups of light sources.

The lighting device for dynamic lighting (Fig. 1) contains groups of light sources 1...t, which are connected by a power bus 2 and grounding 3. Each group of light sources 1...t is made in the form of a non-separable module (Fig. 2), the first input 4 of which is connected to the power bus 2, and the second 5 to the ground bus 3.

The light-emitting module (Fig. 2) contains, for example, two LEDs b and 7, two corresponding ballast resistors 8 and 9, electronic keys 10, 11 and a microprocessor 12, the outputs 13 and 14 of which are connected to the inputs 15 and 16 of the electronic keys 10, 11. All these elements are placed in a non-separable case 17. The processor is programmed before installing it in a non-separable case 17.

Each electronic key 10, 11 is loaded (Fig. 4) with a serial IC circuit 18 with a half-period of natural oscillations equal to the duration of the pulse ii (Fig. 3) of frequency-pulse modulation. At the same time, as shown in Fig. 3,

Ip-sopvi, T-1/T, y-variable value, T-(0...255) (p. The middle point 19 (C circuit 18 is connected through the backward-biased diode 20 to the ground 5, and through the choke 21- with LEDs 6 or 7.

At least one module has an autonomous power source (Fig. 5). At the same time, the internal power bus 22 is connected to the external power bus 4 through a forward-biased diode 23 and a universal input/output 24 of the processor 12.

Sensors of external signals can be placed as in Fig. b, which shows the connection of three modules, which have a built-in temperature sensor 25 or pressure sensor 26 and a resistor of the internal resistance of the current source 27.

The operation of the device and its use are shown in a number of examples.

When applying voltage from a constant external power source to the external bus 4, a signal is received at the universal input/output 24 of the microprocessor 12, which first puts the entire circuit in standby mode, and then it starts working according to the given algorithm (Fig. 7). At the same time, as a result of the operation of the program, control pulses (on) are applied to the electronic keys 10, 11 (Fig. 2) from the outputs 13, 14 of the microprocessor 12.

When the electronic key is turned on, the ballast resistor 8, (9) is connected to the internal power bus 21 and a voltage pulse is applied to the corresponding LED 6, (7). The frequency of the generated sequence of pulses corresponds to the required brightness of the LED (Fig. 3). When using an oscillating circuit instead of a ballast resistor (Fig. 4), the electronic key is loaded with a series 1 C circuit 18 with a half-period of its own oscillations equal to the duration of the pulse of frequency-pulse modulation (Fig. 3), and the middle point 191 C of the circuit is connected through a backward-shifted diode 20 to the ground, and also, through the throttle 21 with LED 6 or a group of LEDs 6,7. Thus, one half-period resonant voltage conversion is realized.

During the interaction of several modules, including with built-in sensors, Fig. 1 and Fig. b6, a power supply Mcc with a large internal resistance 27 is used. When there is a need to exchange information between modules, the leading module loads the external power bus 4 with its way out At this moment, all modules switch to autonomous power and monitor the information presented in the serial code on the power bus, which is transmitted by the master module according to the established exchange protocol. After the data transfer, the master module releases the power bus, and any other module can transfer data on the power bus, that is, become the master. Further operation of the modules depends on the individual state of the module and the transmitted information on the data bus.

Since the microprocessor is made with the ability to perform the sequence of actions necessary to turn on the light sources and change their intensity according to the program that implements M light effects subroutines, after turning on the power, the program resets the i-th number of the light effects subroutine corresponding to the standby mode. Then, starting from the 1st, sequentially set the numbers of the subprograms, check the fulfillment of the inequality and "M. After a positive result of the check, the i-th routine of light effects is executed. After the execution of the i-th subroutine of light effects is completed, the subroutine number is increased by one, the check and execution of another subroutine is repeated. This is how these actions are repeated until the entire sequence of M subroutines is exhausted, while each subroutine forms Mi digital words that set | bytes of the light source control signal and the corresponding number of light sources clocked by the pulse generator. The program provides for the output of signals controlling the intensity of light and representing a digital |)th sequence of eight-bit numbers corresponding to the number of light sources. The program algorithm described above is shown in Fig. 7.

From the point of view of formal theory, a multiprocessor system is a community of automata (Glushkov

V.M. Conducting in cybernetics. -Kyiv: Edition of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, 1964. -324 p. Each automaton is characterized by two functions: in Xa, x) - output function; a - (a, x) - transition function; where X : (x) is the input language set,

MB tuu - many source languages,

A La) - many states. "Words" x and y can be of variable length.

Each automaton has input and output channels through which input and output signals are received, respectively.

Example 1. LED line

Each microprocessor works in a cycle, providing a change of brightness and color in a given specific place according to an individual program, and all together they provide an overall light dynamic effect.

One module can be represented as a community of two automata (Fig. 1.1).

The first of them works as a counter of states 0, 1, 2,... in response to an incoming sync pulse (input signal 1). A synchro pulse is generated by one of the modules, sending it to the electric bus.

In this way, automaton A; works in a cycle. Physically, it's just a single register with a reset after reaching the state with the maximum number. The output signal of AI is its state number. This signal is an input for automaton A". The Ag machine is more complex. Each of its states corresponds to the specified state of operation of the light sources of this module and takes much more memory of the program. However, since the number of equivalent states is limited (states a; and ag" are equivalent when y-(ai, xi)-(a", xg), that is, they issue the same output control signal to the light sources of the module), then the automaton A? can be "reduced", that is, minimized in such a way that ai-ah", which means that more memory can be used and more different lighting effects can be obtained.

The community of all automata of the An, A», Az,...Ap line can be represented as shown in Fig. 1.2, where arrows represent the input and output channels of each automaton, and a, ach, a»g,...ap are nodes of connection of channels, the dotted arrow is the communication channel of the programmer, which can be connected through a special connector to the electrical bus and change the program of each processor, and therefore the entire device, after which it is disconnected.

Thus, we have: - an LED module with a microprocessor; - program of each module; - programmer; - a program that generates programs for each module depending on its location and the required light dynamic effect.

Such a scheme is extremely mobile and plastic, it provides the possibility of reprogramming all microprocessors separately, and therefore the entire line of modules as a whole, it makes it possible to change light-dynamic effects depending on the situation. Since the control program is divided into separate modules, due to this, light dynamic effects can be extremely rich.

When creating lines of different lengths (different number of modules), they differ only in the linear dimensions of the structural elements that connect them and the electric bus, in contrast to ordinary similar devices, in which a change in the length of the line of light sources always leads, albeit to a slight, but mandatory necessary change of the entire electrical circuit.

Example 2. Window illumination

Ordinary windows are used to create an original light-dynamic effect. To do this, one or more glasses 28 are applied with a light-scattering pattern 29 and equipped with a device for introducing light into the glass (not shown in the figure). In turn, these devices are supplied with modular lines of 30 light sources. All lines are connected by a single electric bus (Fig. 1.3). Due to the fact that all modules of each line on each window work according to agreed programs, it is possible to create a single light dynamic effect for all illuminated windows.

When changing the pattern and applying it to neighboring windows, new windows are supplied with additional lines of light sources, which are also connected to the electric bus.

Due to the change of drawings and configuration of the system (additional windows), it is necessary to change the program of light dynamic effects. Next, all the technology described in Example 1 is stored.

With the help of a special program, a program is generated for each microprocessor, taking into account its coordinates and the required effect.

Next, these individual programs are entered into each module through the programmer and the electric bus.

Example 3. Two-coordinate illumination

Lines of 31 light sources are collected in a two-coordinate "scoreboard". (fig. 1.4). It should be noted that, as in other cases where lines with a large number of light source modules are used, frequency modulation allows you to significantly reduce the requirements for electrical circuits. With the help of such a "signboard", any pattern applied to a light-scattering surface or made of colored light-scattering elements is illuminated from the front.

Such a device is similar to the widespread, so-called, light boxes (Pdni-rboh), in which there is an extended (not point) static light source between two matte surfaces with a pattern applied to them. The scoreboard based on modular lines differs from light boxes in that it allows you to create dynamic two-dimensional light effects. Thanks to this and the advantages of modular programmable devices described above, a wide field for design in advertising and artistic aesthetics opens up.

In addition, it is possible to use such structures as an information board. In such boards, signs can appear not only on the principle of on-off, but also smoothly appear and disappear, implementing effects associated with a smooth change in the brightness of point sources. Such effects can be aesthetically enhanced if the scoreboard contains a light-diffusing screen. In addition, modular light lines in the information board can be located along a curved surface (cylindrical board, concave board-screen, etc.).

Example 4. Curvilinear ruler

In a special design 32, the modules 31 are placed along a curved line and are used to illuminate the light-scattering volume.

These can be frontally illuminated flat curvilinear light-scattering elements (Fig. 1.5). An analogue of such a device is the well-known curved neon lamps. The difference between the claimed device and neon lamps is that, firstly, it does not illuminate lines of constant thickness, but flat shapes, and, secondly, that the illumination can be changed in terms of brightness and coordinate, which is advantageous distinguishes modular devices from currently existing devices. The modular principle of construction allows the designer to design devices of any scale without worrying about the control scheme of the light elements of the device.

Otherwise, in a special design 33, modules 31 are placed along an arbitrary curve and illuminated by light-scattering elements (Fig. 1.5)3. Due to the lack of a special control scheme for each specific case, it is possible to create any projects with any algorithm of changes in time of brightness and color.

Example 5. Line with data exchange

In the case when the modules are supplied with additional sensors 25, 26, and in connection with the various signals coming from these sensors, it is necessary to ensure the exchange of data between the various modules, the automaton community has a more complex structure. (Fig. 6.1), in which a is the nodal point of information exchange, ap is the input signal of the sensor, app is the output signal.

In such a system, M! cycles, where M is the number of elements. Accordingly, there is a possibility M! obsessions

But this problem is surmountable with the correct implementation of the data exchange algorithm.

The specific implementation depends on the problem to be solved and the topology of the placement of elements.

The topology of placement and wiring between modules that implement any specific task, where automata with data exchange are necessary, depends on this task. In any case, this topology is described by a connected graph, where the nodes correspond to the crossing of "corridors" and, accordingly, the wire connection of the electric bus (although the bus can be implemented in the form of radio communication or ultrasonic communication, and the modules have independent autonomous power supply), which in turn are represented by lines-edges - between them (a connected graph is a graph in which from any node along the edges you can get to any other node of the graph). Automatic modules are "strung" on the edges (Fig. 6b.2).

Example 6. Linear topology

Linear topology is demonstrated by a linear connected graph (Fig. 6.3).

An example of the implementation of a linear topology of automaton placement can be a fire protection system in a subway car or in a building with only one corridor on one floor.

In the event of a fire and/or the presence of smoke, the sensors record this, and all modules exchange data with each other. As a result, each module generates a light information signal Ani, A»5,...Am (arrow), which indicates the direction of evacuation, and the intensity (brightness) of this signal and (or) the frequency of flashing - on the proximity to the source of danger (Fig. 6.4 ). The order of technical implementation is the same as for LED lines.

Example 7. Arbitrary topology

In general, problems solved using modular light indicators can be more complex. For example, a security alarm or fire alarm of a house or building. (In the security alarm system, the direction of the arrows and the frequency of their flashing indicate the direction and distance to the object that entered the prohibited territory without authorization). In this case, the graph representing the corresponding topology does not have one chain of modules, but contains many, more than one intersecting, including criss-cross, such chains, for example, a multi-story building) (Fig. 6.5).

Of course, creating an algorithm for data exchange between different automata-modules is a more non-trivial task. But it is important to emphasize that, firstly, when developing a certain approach, further actions after writing a program turn into a routine, easily automated operation, secondly, a set of modules with relatively simple programs can implement a rather complex algorithm for handling the entire system (analog - handling social insects).

As can be seen from the description of the device, the algorithm of its operation and examples of its implementation, it has wide functionality, because it can be used with various light carriers, including flat and curved surfaces, as well as various volumes. At the same time, it allows you to create an unlimited number of different lighting effects by simply assembling modules.

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Claims (5)

1. A light-technical device for dynamic lighting, containing groups of light sources and a power source, which is characterized by the fact that each group of light sources is made in the form of a light-emitting module, which includes one or more LEDs, corresponding electronic keys that power the LEDs through ballast resistors , a processor containing programs for controlling the brightness and color of LEDs over time by the method of frequency-pulse modulation, scanning with electronic keys and the interaction of processors, including the synchronization of their work, the inputs of the modules are connected by an electric bus, the outputs are grounded, while the modules are connected in spatial structures. 2. A lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is connected to an external power source. C. A lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one module contains an independent power source. 4. The lighting device according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the module contains a signal sensor, for example, temperature, pressure, etc. 5. The lighting device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the processor is made with the possibility of performing a sequence of actions necessary to turn on the light sources and change their intensity according to the program that implements M subprograms of light effects, in which, after turning on the power, the variable 1 is reset to zero -th number of the light effects subprogram corresponding to the standby mode, then, starting from the 1st, sequentially set the same numbers of the subprograms, check the implementation of the inequality and"M, after a positive result of the check, execute the 1st light effects subprogram, after completion execution of the 1st subroutine of light effects increases the subroutine number by one, repeats the check and execution of another 1st subroutine, and so repeats these actions until the entire sequence of M subroutines is exhausted, while each subroutine forms Mi digital words that specify I bytes of the light source control signal , the corresponding number of light sources, the output of signals that control are determined by the intensity of light and are a digital sequence of eight-bit numbers that correspond to the number of light sources.