UA65512A - Shovel section - Google Patents

Abstract

A shovel section contains a frame with a driver, two single-disk shovels, each of which has a flat disk arranged on the axis, which is fixed on the frame of a shovel section and is deflected as regards to the longitudinal axis of the shovel section, a seed duct and a seed guide. The lever is connected with the frame of the shovel section on a hinge in such a manner as to allow deviating in the transversal plane relative to the transversal axis of the shovel section.

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to tools for sowing grain and leguminous crops, and can be used in farms.

Known sowing sections of coulters have a housing with a leash, two flat discs mounted on axles fixed to the housing, a seed pipe and a seed guide. In the well-known section of coulters with two flat discs, installed at an angle to the longitudinal axis, converging in front, one to the other, one groove is formed, in which the seeds of grain or leguminous crops are sown. It is almost impossible to move these disks apart, as the structure becomes inoperable. When using such coulters, low productivity and high specific metal capacity of the sowing process is found.

The closest analog (prototype) is the well-known opener section (AS Me521860 USSR, IPC AO1S7/20), which has a body with a leash, two flat discs mounted on axes fixed to the body of the opener section, a seed line and a seed guide. The flat disks are installed in such a way that they converge in the horizontal plane in front to the longitudinal axis of the coulter sections. This approach of the discs from the front during the formation of grooves balances the soil resistance forces acting on these discs from both sides. At the same time, the coulters are fixed so that they can rise up and down and cannot deviate in the transverse plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the sections of the coulters. With such a section of openers, two grooves are created at a distance of 7.5 cm from each other. Seeds are sown in these grooves. When the disks are moved more apart from each other (for example, up to 15 cm), the productivity of such a section of coulters increases significantly (two times). At the same time, the metal intensity of the sowing process decreases in the same proportion. However, due to the fact that when the distance between the disks increases, they cannot copy the irregularities of the microrelief of the field surface, since the leash is fixed to the frame on a horizontal axis. This design of connecting the leash to the seeder frame allows the coulter section to rise up and down without the necessary deviation of the discs in the transverse plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the coulter section. At the same time, the sowing of seeds is of poor quality, as the grooves will be formed at different depths.

The task of the invention is a coulter section, in which, thanks to a new method of fastening the leash to the body of the coulter section, it becomes possible to move the discs to the width of the row spacing, which allows the coulter section to qualitatively sow seeds to the required width of the row spacing.

The task is solved due to the fact that the coulter section has a body with a leash, two single-disc coulters, each of which has a flat disc mounted on an axis that is attached to the coulter section body and deflected relative to the longitudinal axis of the coulter section, a seed pipe, a seed guide, which differs in that , that the leash is attached to the body of the opener section on a hinge with the possibility of the openers to deviate in the transverse plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the opener section. When sowing two rows of seeds with increased row spacing, the leash at the point of attachment to the body of the coulter section has a hinge for rotation around the longitudinal axis of the coulter section. When installing such a hinge on the body of the opener section, the microrelief of the field will be copied by the left and right discs of the openers. At the same time, both grooves will be formed qualitatively. At the same time, the lateral forces of the soil reaction on both disks are mutually balanced and the coulter section will move in a straight line without deviations in the direction of the rows.

Therefore, the proposed section of the opener with discs spread to a distance of 15 cm, when introducing a new element in the design of fastening the leash to the element of the section of the openers, a significant positive result is achieved, which consists in copying the microrelief of the field surface with both discs. Thanks to this, the quality of sowing is improved while the productivity of the section is increased and the specific metal density is reduced when sowing grain and leguminous crops.

An example of the proposed invention is shown in the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a view of the opener section from above, and Fig. 2 shows a view of the opener section from the side.

The opener section has a body 1 with a guide 2, two flat discs 3 mounted on axes 4, which are fixed on the body 1 of the opener section, a seed pipe 5 and a seed guide 6, a circular joint 7 in the form of a circular washer, thanks to which the guide 2 is attached to the opener body 1, which allows both single-disc coulters of the coulter section to deviate in the transverse plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the coulter section. Thanks to this, both discs (single-disc coulters) copy the irregularities of the microrelief of the field surface. This design of the coulter section compared to the nearest analogue, due to the increase in the grip width by two times (instead of 7.5 cm, the row spacing is 15 cm), the productivity also increases by two times.

Therefore, practically with a slight increase in the number of elements in the structure (extended axis 4 and hinge 7), which insignificantly affect the total weight of the coulter section, when using the proposed coulter section, the productivity of the sowing process increases and the specific metal capacity decreases. Thanks to copying the irregularities of the microrelief of the field surface, the quality of sowing improves, which contributes to the appearance of friendly seedlings and their better development. As a result, the yield of grain and leguminous crops increases.

In the working position, the proposed coulter section when sowing seeds of grain or leguminous crops, flat disks Z form two grooves at a distance of 15 cm from each other, into which the seed is fed through the seed duct 5 and through the guide it enters the formed grooves.

In case of uneven microrelief of the field surface, the hinge 7 allows the copying of field irregularities by discs with (single-disc coulters). At the same time, grooves of the same depth are formed, which ensures the improvement of the quality of sowing seeds, obtaining friendly seedlings.

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Claims (1)

A coulter section comprising a housing with a leash, two single disc coulters, each having a flat disc mounted on an axle mounted on the coulter section housing and deflected relative to the longitudinal axis of the coulter section, a seed line and a seed guide characterized in that the leash is attached to the body of the opener section on a hinge with the possibility of deviation in the transverse plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the opener section.