UA65307A - Method for arranging piles with widened beam toe - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for arranging piles with widened beam toe comprises in making the broadening of the well toe with reamer, this includes the lifting-jack, vertical pipe, con-rod, and hinge system of blades immersed to the soil; after formation of broadening the cavity formed in the soil and the pile stem are filled with cast concrete. The mechanism immersing the blades to soil is made in such a way that the blades are disconnected from the reamer after immersion to soil and are left in soil forever, with building-in together with the stem of the pile by concrete of cast structure.

Description

The invention relates to construction, that is, to foundation construction, and more precisely to piles with compressed soil near the heel.

There is a known method of installing piles with an expanded heel, which consists in the use of an expander, which is lowered into a drilled well and which contains a hydraulic jack, a vertical pipe, a traction and a hinged system of blades that sink into the ground (1). After the formation of the expansion, the formed cavity in the soil and the well are filled with cast concrete and in this way, driven piles with a radial heel are obtained.

But the field of application of this method is limited only to cohesive soils. This method is not used for loose soils. In addition, soil collapse is not excluded in some conditions of cohesive soils, which leads to distortion of the geometric parameters of the heel and reduction of its bearing capacity. All this makes this method not reliable enough.

The invention is based on the task of expanding the field of application of driven piles with an extended radial heel and increasing the reliability and bearing capacity of these piles. This is achieved in the following way. The process of forming an expanded cavity in the soil at the bottom of the drilled well is carried out by an expander, which includes a jack, a vertical pipe, a thrust and a hinged system of blades that sink into the soil in the same way as in the prototype. But the blades and their attachment to the rest of the expander are made in such a way that they can be disconnected from the mechanism that plunges them into the soil after they are immersed in the soil, and remain in the soil forever, encased together with the pile trunk with concrete of cast consistency.

Shovels can be made of reinforced concrete, wood or promising and inexpensive polymer material.

Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of the expander, which is lowered into the drilled well 1. The following components of the expander are shown: jack 2, vertical pipe 3, thrust 4, a pair of symmetrically located upper blades 5, as well as a pair of lower ones located opposite each other of blades b, hinge 7 between blades 5 and 6, limiting corners 8 at the ends of blades 5 and 6, removable swivel sockets 9 into which the ends of blades 5 and 6 are inserted, the lower flange 10, which ends the thrust 4 and on which the hinges are located 11, on which detachable rotary sockets 9 are attached.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical section of the expander, which is lowered into the drilled well 1 at the moment when the blades are completely immersed in the ground. Also shown are the same elements of the expander as in Fig.1.

Fig. 3 shows a vertical section of the well 1 at the moment when, after the immersion of the blades 5 and 6 in the ground, the expander is removed from the well.

Fig. 4 shows a close-up of one of the removable rotary sockets (corresponding to the designation 9 in Fig. 1) and the end of the blade 6 inserted into it. This figure shows: one of the halves 12 of the detachable rotary socket, which contains on its the lateral surface of the hinge 13, on which the support platform 14 is fixed (on which the blade 6 rests); the other half 15 of the detachable rotary socket, which contains on the inner side surface a protrusion-pin 16, which enters the hole 17 on the blade b, the groove 18, with the help of which the half 15 is fastened to the support platform 14, the support 19, which is hinged on the hinge 11 and which supports the support platform 14, the stretched spring 20, which connects the hinge 11 and the support platform 14.

The method is carried out as follows. Pairs of blades 5 and 6 (see fig. 1), which are hingedly connected by a hinge 7, are manufactured in factory conditions. At the construction site, they are inserted with their ends into the detachable rotary sockets 9 of the expander and clipped. The last operation is carried out by connecting the halves 12 and 15 of the detachable rotary socket with the help of the support platform 14, which is inserted into the groove 18, followed by the installation of the support 19 in the working condition (see Fig. 4). Then, the expander with the pairs of blades attached to it is inserted into the drilled well using a lifting crane. Further, with the help of a jack 2, by pulling the rod 4 relative to the vertical pipe Z, the blades are immersed in the soil at the base of the well.

Immersion of pairs of blades 5 and 6 is carried out in the ground until the limiting corners 8 touch each other (see Fig. 2). By this point in time, other spring-loaded supports (not shown in the figures) that are fixed on the flange 10 and on the lower end of the pipe 3 begin to support the supports 19 from the side. Next, the jack performs a reverse microstroke, as a result of which the compressive force between the end of the support 19 and the support of the platform 14 disappears to zero and therefore the supports 19 under the influence of spring-loaded supports not shown in the figures are pushed out of the rotary connector socket 9. As a result, the support platform 14 under the action of the spring 20 is removed from the groove 18 and the socket 9, which is contained from the halves 12 and 15, opens, which leads to the disconnection of the blades immersed in the ground from the rest of the expander (see Fig. 3). Next, the expander is removed from the well, and the cavity in the soil that was formed, which is limited by pairs of blades 5 and 6, is filled with poured concrete.

As a result of using the proposed pile arrangement method, it is possible to lay a foundation of driven piles with an extended radial heel in almost any soil conditions, which is characterized by high stability of the geometric parameters of the heel, increased strength and reliability.

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Claims (1)

The method of arranging piles with an expanded radial heel, which consists in the fact that the expansion of the well heel is carried out by an expander, which contains a jack, a vertical pipe, a drawbar, as well as a hinged system of blades that sink into the ground, after the expansion of the formed cavity in the ground, 1 pile trunk is filled with cast concrete, which is distinguished by the fact that the mechanism that plunges the blades into the ground is made in such a way that the blades are disconnected from the expander after immersing them in the ground and remain in the ground forever, being crushed together with the pile trunk cast concrete consistency.