UA64958A - Multi-layer polymer heat-insulation material - Google Patents

Abstract

The multi-layer polymer heat-insulation material has a heat-insulation layer of foamed polystyrene, at least one outer frame layer made of elastic material.

Description

The invention relates to multilayer heat-insulating materials based on polymer compositions for use in the construction of civil and industrial facilities for the insulation of walls, floors, roofs of buildings, the manufacture of inner layers of walls for decorative coatings, as well as for the insulation of pipelines. The material can be used for the manufacture of containers and packaging.

A well-known multi-layer heat-insulating material (USSR patent Me1831551, MPK? EO4B1/78, publ. 30.07.93, BI Me28), in which a heat-insulating layer made of a foamed polymer composition, for example, PU-ZS polyurethane foam, is attached to a flexible base on one side . In order to give it flexibility, the heat-insulating layer has notches and internal cavities on one side, and on the other side it is divided by a system of cuts and folds in the form of slits into local elements.

The disadvantage of this material can be considered the complexity of its manufacture, because in order to add flexibility to the material, it is necessary to make many cavities of different configurations.

The closest material can be considered polystyrene foam, which in the form of solid plates of various thicknesses and sizes is used for thermal insulation as the inner middle layer of building structures (DSTU B

B.2.7-8-94 "Polystyrene plates").

The main disadvantage of the material, which has good thermal insulation properties, can be considered the increased fragility, and therefore the short life, of polystyrene plates with a thickness of less than 20 mm and their increased water absorption.

Plates of greater thickness are hard and do not have the necessary flexibility and elasticity for their use in the insulation of structures with a non-linear surface. All these disadvantages lead to a reduction in the service life and a limitation of the field of application of insulating material from polystyrene foam plates.

The invention is based on the task of improving the physical and mechanical properties of polystyrene foam plates, which adds flexibility and elasticity to them, reduces water absorption, increases tensile strength, and therefore expands the field of application of the material while preserving its heat-insulating properties.

The task is accomplished by the fact that the multilayer polymer heat-insulating material, which includes a heat-insulating layer of expanded polystyrene, according to the invention, additionally contains, attached to the inner layer, at least one outer frame layer made of elastic material, which can be a polymer film, a polymer mesh, aluminum foil , propylene foil, mesh made of mineral fibers, fiberglass, synthetic fabric, the frame layer can be formed by a film-forming substance. In addition, the outer frame layers attached to the inner layer of polystyrene foam can be connected to each other. In this case, a material with several layers of insulating material separated by several layers of elastic material is obtained.

The essence of the invention is explained by drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a plate made of multilayer material formed by two frame layers (1) of elastic material attached to the inner insulating layer (2) of expanded polystyrene.

Figure 2 shows a multilayer material curved in the form of a half-pipe, containing one frame layer (1) of elastic material, attached to one side of the insulating layer (2).

Fig. 3 shows a multilayer material that has a U-shaped shape and is formed by two frame outer layers (1) attached to the inner insulating layer (2).

Multi-layer flexible material can have a different shape, which allows you to insulate complex surfaces of almost any profile. The presence of an elastic frame layer glued on one or both sides to an insulating layer made of polystyrene foam board adds flexibility and elasticity to the entire material, which is not characteristic of the insulating material made of polystyrene foam, prevents its brittleness and fragility, increases moisture resistance, and adds tensile strength to the entire material. All this helps to increase the durability of the material and its operational characteristics. The field of application of the material is expanding significantly, for example, for the insulation of pipelines (with a pipe diameter of 20 mm and above, you can use a tape made of a multilayer material with a thickness of 10 mm to 10 mm).

The multilayer material can also be used as a packing material for the production of flexible elastic pads. Multi-layer polymer heat-insulating material is obtained in the following way: on the frame layer of any elastic material (for example, polyurethane, mylar, polyethylene and other films, depending on the thickness and density of the insulating layer made of polystyrene foam, as well as on the conditions of use), glue is applied with residual stickiness, after which it is glued on one or both sides to the polystyrene board.

The resulting polymer heat-insulating material was subjected to comparative tests with the material without frame outer layers.

Determination of physical and mechanical properties was carried out in accordance with the current DSTU.

So, for example, the compressive strength (according to DSTU B B.2.7-8-94) of the sample without a frame layer was 0.041 MPa, and with two frame layers made of polyethylene film - 0.010 MPa.

Water absorption (according to DSTU B V.2.7-8-94) of the sample without a frame layer in 24 hours was 1.3395 by volume, and the sample with frame layers made of polyethylene film - 0.5190 by volume.

It was not possible to determine the bending strength limit (according to DSTU B B.2.7-8-94), because the studied material with frame layers is so flexible and elastic that it was not subject to destruction.

Thermal conductivity in the dry state, which characterizes the thermal insulation properties (according to DSTU B V.2.7-105-2000), of the sample without frame layers and with two frame layers made of polyethylene film was 0.039-0.041 W/(m/K).

The given data allow us to conclude that the heat-insulating material made of polystyrene insulating layer with frame layers of elastic material reinforced on it has significant flexibility, elasticity and durability while maintaining the heat-insulating properties of the known material.

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Claims (10)

1. A multi-layer polymer heat-insulating material containing a heat-insulating layer of polystyrene foam, which is characterized by the fact that it additionally contains at least one outer framework layer of elastic material attached to the inner heat-insulating layer of polystyrene foam. 2. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that a polymer film is used as the framework layer. 3. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that a polymer mesh is used as the framework layer. 4. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that aluminum foil is used as the frame layer. 5. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that propylene foil is used as the frame layer. 6. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that a mesh made of mineral fibers is used as the framework layer. 7. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that fiberglass is used as the frame layer. 8. The material according to claim 1, which differs in that a synthetic fabric is used as the framework layer. 9. The material according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that at least one outer frame layer is formed by a film-forming substance. 10. The material according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the outer frame layers, which are attached to the inner insulating layer of polystyrene foam, are connected to each other.