RU2447238C2 - Stretching honeycomb block for production of elastic insulating cloths for heat, sound, hydraulic insulation and package - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: stretching rectangular block for elastic insulating cloths of heat, sound, hydraulic insulation consists of a foamed plastic, on two opposite surfaces of which there are linear cuts outgoing in parallel from the block ends and symmetrically arranged and passing in one plane, at the identical distance between each other, covering the entire surface of the block, with production of links between the specified cuts from a layer of block material, in the thickness of which there are through linear cuts arranged in the same plane as the other cuts, and between neighbouring linear cuts in the thickness of the block there are two additional through cuts for formation of honeycomb of identical sizes during stretching, and such honeycomb as a result of stretching forms elastic multilayer cloth with air channels hidden in the thickness of the insulator.

EFFECT: reduced material intensity, lighter weight, reduced volume of heat insulating elements, reduced labour inputs with preservation of high quality of heat, hydraulic and sound protection.

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Description

The invention relates to lightweight cushioning materials for thermal and sound insulation of walls, roofs, hollow panels, pipes, devices, vehicles and for packaging.

State of the art

Cell insulators containing air chambers are already known (patents: RU 250830 C2, RU 02047708, RU 02045634, RU 02040649, RU 02052604, RU 02126875, RU 202937, RU 2206458, RU 2029037 C1, 02/20/1995, Japan patent: 6004306, IPC B32B 3/12, 1988. A common feature of the honeycomb fillers used in the above panels is that the air cavities in the filler body are formed by interconnected sheet elements that form hollow cells when stretched. panel surfaces require additional protection Honeycomb panels containing a layer of foamed plastic composition over the honeycomb (patent SU 1128488 A1). Cell insulators made of foamed plastic materials are manufactured. For example, AKAD FOIL insulator consisting of foamed polyurethane with a cellular structure. Cell insulators based on foamed synthetic rubber (for example, materials JOLINE, Sound Isoler) The insulators described above are components of stable structures with a fixed coating area and a fixed thickness. The dimensions of the air chambers are specified in the manufacture of the insulator. To protect large surfaces, such as walls or roofs, thin sheet insulators, such as cellular polycarbonate, have spread. This is a lightweight plastic insulator containing a system of air channels passing through the thickness of the sheet. The air gap in honeycomb polycarbonate panels provides good thermal insulation. Cellular polycarbonate panels are convenient in that they can quickly cover large surfaces. They are lightweight and durable. The disadvantage of these panels is that they are less ductile than insulators of foamed synthetic rubber or foamed polyethylene. Polycarbonate panels cannot stretch, cannot fill cavities or protect surfaces with complex geometries. Thick, multi-layer polycarbonate road panels. Therefore, in construction, to isolate large areas, they often use cheap mineral wool. It fills hollow structures well. Mineral wool is well insulated from temperature extremes. The disadvantage of mineral wool is its hygroscopicity. Moisture-resistant thermo-, sound insulators made of polystyrene foam have become widespread in construction. This material has advantages over mineral wool and the honeycomb insulators described above. Polystyrene foam provides better thermal protection than mineral wool or cellular polycarbonate. However, this material is fragile, easily crumbles, occupies a large volume and requires great care during transportation and storage. This disadvantage is deprived of foamed polyethylene (polyethylene foam) - an elastic insulating material, which is produced in the form of rolls, pipes or sheets of various widths and thicknesses. The material is characterized by a finely porous structure, high elasticity, elasticity, high chemical, biological resistance and durability. Such insulators are widely used to protect pipes, floors, etc. The material can bend and contract, it does not break and quickly restores shape. Polyethylene foam has low moisture absorption and low thermal conductivity, as it has closed air pores. Thin panels and films made of foamed polyethylene, plastic films containing air bubbles have long been used for heat and sound insulation and waterproofing of rooms and for packaging. To protect large surfaces, thin, soft foam sheets made of a composition based on high-pressure polyethylene (GOST 16337-77) have spread. For example, the Isonel canvas is an elastic foam produced in the form of canvases having a continuous surface film on both sides. Various combined foam insulators are produced, having a plastic film on the surface, a film with air bubbles, aluminum foil, etc.

Closest to this invention, an elastic insulator, is a multi-layer foamed cloth "Isonel". This is a combined insulating material in the form of expanded polypropylene cloths cut along the length and width, superimposed on each other and connected by the method of thermal contact welding. Another closest insulator to the invention is the filler described in patent RU 02030527 C1, 1995.03.10. Glued between each other strip blanks form a three-layer honeycomb structure filled with air, forming air cavities between the casing of the insulating panel. The filler is able to stretch and form a honeycomb. The disadvantage of this insulator is the need for bonding layers and the presence of additional protective covers and stiffeners. Similar properties have another honeycomb insulator, presented in patent RU 02052604 C1, 1996.01.20. The package, consisting of strips glued together, forms a multilayer block, which is notched in a checkerboard pattern and when stretched in two mutually perpendicular directions, forms a honeycomb structure, which must be fixed in the ribs of the insulating panel and protected by the outer casing. The disadvantage of such insulators is the complexity of their manufacture. The manufacture of foam insulators, polycarbonate honeycomb panels and foam films containing air bubbles is much simpler than these insulators.

The aim of this invention is to provide a lightweight and flexible insulator combining the properties of honeycomb panels, foamed plastic blocks and films.

At present, insulators that combine the properties of stretch honeycomb structures, the flexibility of films, the protective properties of the foam and the honeycomb structure of polycarbonate sheets are not known.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this invention is to reduce material consumption, lighten weight, reduce the volume of insulating elements, reduce labor costs while maintaining high quality thermal, hydro and sound protection.

This technical result is achieved as follows.

From the block of foamed polyethylene or foamed synthetic rubber, a soft honeycomb structure is formed, which, as a result of stretching, forms a multilayer honeycomb web with air channels between the layers. To obtain this technical result, a rectangular block of polyethylene foam or foamed rubber can be used, having the following dimensions: length from 0.5 meters to 5 meters, width from 0.5 meters to 3 meters. Thickness is from 15 cm to 100 cm. This block is processed as follows. On two opposite surfaces of the block, parallel line cuts are made. These cuts cover the entire area of the foam block. Each incision begins at the ends of the block and passes through its entire surface. The depth of the cuts should be the same. The minimum depth is 1/6 of the block thickness. The maximum depth can reach 1/3 of the block thickness minus 0.2-2 cm. The distance between the cuts is the same. The step between the lines is from 0.5 cm to 20 cm. Similarly, symmetrical cuts are made on the opposite side of the block. As a result, a layer of foam remains inside the block between opposite cuts, which forms a jumper between the cuts. In the thickness of this bridge, an additional through linear cut is made, passing in the same plane as the other cuts. The width of the internal notch should be such that between it and the external notches there remains a layer of material 0.2-2 cm thick. Thus, the external notches and the internal notch are separated by two jumpers from the block material. Between adjacent linear cuts in the block thickness, additional through cuts are made. They are made in two between adjacent jumpers. They pass in one plane and are localized in such a way that the middle of each incision is located opposite the jumpers formed by adjacent incisions. Thus, cells are formed in the block. To create the same honeycomb, the width of the notches (and the layers of material separating the notches) must be the same. The thickness of the foam layer located between the cuts depends on the physical characteristics and strength of a particular material. This layer can be from 0.2 cm to 10 cm. Thus, a honeycomb structure is formed from the cut foam block, which, when stretched, is capable of forming a multilayer honeycomb insulator. As a result of uniform stretching of the block, the external linear cuts are straightened and form a continuation of the outer surface of the insulator. The honeycomb structure thins when stretched. Internal cuts expand and stretch, turning into closed cellular air channels passing between the outer walls of the insulator. After complete stretching of the honeycomb structure, it takes the form of an elastic honeycomb panel or a multilayer honeycomb web. This canvas is easily fixed on an insulated surface, it can close cavities, they can wrap pipes, stretch between beams, etc. The air ducts of this insulator are similar to the air ducts of cellular polycarbonate. They pass in the wall of the insulator, but do not open on the panel surfaces. Since the foam of which the insulator is made itself contains air bubbles, and there are isolated air cavities between the layers of this material, the protective properties of this insulator are higher than that of cellular polycarbonate, polystyrene foam block, mineral wool and other known insulators. Due to the fact that all the cuts in the foam block have a very simple configuration, they are easy to do at the same time, for example, by mechanical cutting, heating, laser welding, etc. Therefore, the processing of the foam block does not take much time. The production of this insulator is simpler than gluing a multilayer honeycomb panel, stamping air panels, and pressing honeycomb blocks.

The patented isolator model was tested by order of GLOBAL TRIALS, Kacugin Management, Postfach 1263, 79312 Emmendingen, Germany.

A model of 2 times stretched honeycomb polyethylene measuring 50 cm × 50 cm × 20 cm was cut into two identical parts. These parts were tightly closed on both sides by an electrothermometer. After that, the thermometer was placed in the refrigerator for one hour. A similar procedure was carried out with a thermometer coated with a single layer of polyethylene foam. This layer was the same thickness as all layers of polyethylene forming air chambers. Comparison of the thermometer revealed differences. An insulator formed from a cut and stretched foam block containing an air gap retained heat better. Differences in temperature after 1 hour were 6 degrees. Thus, the model of a cell insulator showed its performance.

The advantage of this insulator is that it easily increases the area of the protective coating. It easily adapts to complex surfaces. The presence of air channels in its thickness significantly reduces material consumption and cost compared with insulators made of monolithic foam plastic. Since this insulator does not have air chambers before stretching, it takes up little space. This makes it convenient for storage and transportation.

The advantage of this honeycomb insulator from existing cellular honeycomb insulators (patents RU 02047708, RU 02045634, RU 02040649, RU 02052604, RU 02126875, RU 202937, RU 2206458) is that the cellular channels pass under the insulator surfaces in its thickness, and Do not perforate its surface. The presence of air channels closed outside is more difficult for heat transfer than for known cellular insulators with cells open on the front surface. This arrangement of the air ducts provides protection against water and better reduces noise. The resulting cellular insulator has advantages over the known rigid insulators. It is plastic, easily adapts to any surface, easily stretches and covers large areas. For the production of the insulator, any flexible foam materials with sufficient strength to form air cells can be used, for example, foamed polyethylene and foamed synthetic rubber. A similar type of expandable honeycomb insulator can be made from denser materials that do not contain air bubbles, such as polyethylene or rubber. In this case, the wall thickness of the cells can be reduced.

Claims (1)

A stretchable rectangular block for elastic insulating cloths, thermo-, sound-, waterproofing, consisting of foamed plastic, on two opposite surfaces of which are made linear cuts parallel to the ends of the block, symmetrically located and passing in the same plane at the same distance from each other, covering the entire the surface of the block, with the formation of bridges between the indicated incisions from the layer of material of the block, in the thickness of which there are made linear cuts located in the same plane , like the other cuts, and between adjacent linear cuts in the thickness of the block, two additional through cuts are made to form, when the block is stretched, honeycombs of the same size, which as a result of stretching form an elastic multilayer web with air channels hidden in the thickness of the insulator.