UA56025A - Foam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Foam generator consists of the housing, the system for supplying the foaming solution and gas, the set of the foam generator grates, and the device designed for braking and whirling of the foam generated. The nozzle of the jet injector is installed coaxially in the housing of the foam generator and is designed with the spiral grooves and the separable tips. The supplying connection tube to the injector nozzle diameters ratio should not be less than 6:1 with the pressure drops of the solution in the vessel and the gas in the pipe not exceeding 0.2 MPa. The distributing grate is oval in the shape with 0.50-0.58 mesh size and ratio of the perforation coefficients being within the range of 1:2 - 1:4.

Description

The invention relates to the field of gas production and transportation, namely, to foam inhibition of the inner surface of underground equipment of wells and their plumes from corrosion.

The well-known design of the foam generator (Patent of Ukraine Mob447 class E21E5/02, Ab2C5/04. Foam generator.

Bul. Mov - 1, 29.12.1994), containing a housing with a nozzle for supplying compressed air, a foam generator grid and a sprayer, made with a neck, where the fairing is rigidly attached to the grid with rods and mounted in the housing with the possibility of longitudinal movement.

The disadvantage of the known device is the insufficient efficiency of creating foams of medium multiplicity and high dispersion, lack of correct regulation of their physicochemical parameters, and low productivity.

The design of the foam generator is also known (Patent of Ukraine Me7342 cl. E21E5/00, Foam Generator. 29.09.1995), which contains a body, nozzles for supplying the foaming solution and air, foaming nets, and a device mounted in the body for premature processing of the foaming agent in the cage of the nets with the help of bodies spherical shape of the corresponding diameters.

The disadvantage of this device is the impossibility of creating a continuous foam flow and foam of high dispersion, as well as significant auxiliary energy costs for mixing balls.

Foam generator is also known (Patent of Ukraine Me32639, class Ab2S5/02. Foam generator. Byul. Me1i, 2001, 15.02.20014, which contains a body, a sprayer nozzle installed along the axis of the body, made with the possibility of rotation, a gas supply system and a set of foaming nets, moreover, the mesh for grinding the foam is made in the form of a thin perforated mesh with holes located at an angle to the plane of the mesh. With the help of this foam generator, it is possible to create foam of significant multiplicity and dispersion, but its use in field conditions, for example, for cleaning gas pipelines, is energy disadvantageous , as it also requires significant energy costs for the rotation of nozzle nozzles and a thin perforated grid for grinding foam. In addition, the design of this foam generator does not provide a system for regulating the multiplicity of foam, its reduction with a simultaneous increase in the dispersion parameter, which makes it difficult to use it for cleaning the inner surface of the gas industry anti-pollution equipment, i which are poured out with foam due to the reduction of intergroove tension and capillary phenomena and the subsequent creation of an inhibitor film on the steel surface.

The closest solution to the proposed one is a foam generator containing a body, a system for supplying a foaming solution, a set of grates and a device for grinding and twisting foam, in which, in order to improve its quality by increasing the multiplicity and dispersion parameters, the device for grinding foam is made in the form of an additional a foam generator grid with smaller meshes than in a set of grids, and a device for swirling foam in the form of nozzles connected to the gas supply system and installed on the body tangentially between a set of grids and an additional grid.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is that the multiplicity and dispersion of the created foam is regulated only with the help of a set of foam generator grids with meshes of different sizes, and the device for twisting the foam in the form of tangential nozzles for supplying gas in front of the auxiliary grid does not create conditions for increasing the dispersion of the created foam.

The invention is based on the task of improving the design of this foam generator to create optimal conditions for the generation of foam with an average multiplicity of 20 - 200 and a dispersion of 10 - 500 μm, as well as their delivery not only into the cavity of the gas pipeline, but also into the annular space and pump-compressor pipes (tubes). gas and gas condensate wells and their plumes for the purpose of cleaning and subsequent inhibition of the internal surface of gas industry equipment.

To solve the problem in a well-known foam generator that includes a housing, a system for supplying a foaming solution and gas, a set of foam generator grids, a device for grinding and twisting foam, according to the invention, the nozzle of a continuous torch nozzle is mounted coaxially in the housing of the foam generator, made with helical grooves and variable nozzles, which enables the supplied foaming solution to be swirled onto the oval distribution grid, contributing to the spraying of liquid drops and higher quality foaming, and the variable nozzles help to regulate the multiplicity and dispersion of the obtained foam depending on the pressure differences in the container for the solution and the gas pipeline. In this regard, important indicators for creating a stable mode of foaming are the ratio of the diameters of the nozzle for supplying the solution and the nozzle of the nozzle, which should be at least 6: 1 with pressure drops of the solution in the container and gas in the gas pipeline of no more than 0.2 mPa.

The design of the distribution grid is also important. It is made not conical, but oval, which contributes to the creation of a smoother mode of spraying drops and foaming. In addition, the degree of perforation of the first foam generator grid is somewhat lower than that of the prototype (0.50 - 0.58), and the ratio of their perforation coefficients, as well as the first and second foam generator grids, is 1:2 -1:4, which makes it possible to increase multiplicity and dispersion of the foam and create optimal conditions for cleaning the cavity of the gas pipeline.

A significant difference from the prototype is also two tangential nozzles with replaceable insert chutes mounted on the body of the foam generator, not behind the first, but behind the second foam generator grid, the holes of which are oriented to supply gas to the inner wall of the pipeline at an angle of 30 - 60", which allows, if necessary carrying out field work on cleaning and inhibitory protection of the annulus and tubing of wells, destroying the interphase layer of foam on the inner surface of the pipe to reduce its viscosity, which leads to a decrease in energy costs during foam transportation.

It is also significant that the second foam generator grid is made with the possibility of rotation in the plane of the pipe by 1807 with the help of a threaded connection and a latch, the mechanism of which is located on the outer surface of the body, which makes it possible to adjust the foam density depending on the supply to the annular space and tubing wells in the range of 20 - 100 or in an industrial gas pipeline - in the range of 100 - 200 when foam is supplied to the gas pipeline, the second foam generator grid completely covers the plane of the pipe, which contributes to increasing the multiplicity and dispersion of foams and increasing their cleaning technological properties. When gas industry equipment inhibition processes are carried out, this grid is returned accordingly.

This foam generator is also significantly different from the prototype in that the flange connections for fastening the gratings have been replaced by a frame lock fastening with a threaded adapter, which is conveniently screwed, which improves tightness, reduces the metal consumption of the structure by 10 - 15 times compared to the prototype, and is more convenient in maintenance and repair.

To solve the problem, the design of the foam generator was developed, shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 shows the section A - A, Fig. 3 section B - B, Fig. 1.

The foam generator (Fig. 1) consists of a body 1 with a solid-torch nozzle 2 fixed in it, pressure gauges of standard З and a thermometer 4, valves 5, two tangential nozzles 6 and sensors 7.

The solid-torch nozzle is a welded structure made of a pipe and a radially welded fitting for connection with the supply nozzle of the foaming solution. With the help of the 4-sided end of the nozzle core, the supply of surface-active solution or corrosion inhibitor will be regulated with the help of a special key, which has access to the core through the inlet fitting 8. The nozzle of the nozzle nozzle is made with helical grooves and interchangeable nozzles, which helps to create at the exit from the nozzle continuous liquid fountain, and replacing nozzles 4 on the nozzle makes it possible to create a spraying angle in the range of 30 - 120". gas pipeline no more than 0.2 MPa.

At the gas inlet, a trapezoidal adapter 9 with a long thread is screwed onto the foam generator body, to which the handles 10 and the fitting 8 are welded, at the end of which a sludge protection grid 11 is fixed for the retention of mechanical fine particles. The tightness of the device is achieved by screwing the adapter 9 onto the body 1, on which a resistance ring 12 with a metal gasket 13 (copper or stainless steel) is welded.

Tangential nozzles 6 (Fig. 2) are welded to the body of the device, into which replaceable gutters 14 (4 - 5 pcs.) with oval holes are inserted and fixed with a sleeve using a nut, which makes it possible to direct the created foam flow to the walls of the pipeline when gas is supplied through them , after compacting it, partially destroy the layer of foam in contact with the inner surface of the pipe, reduce its viscosity, and increase the flow rate of the foam dispersion system, which makes it possible to pump this gas-liquid flow into the annular space and tubing of wells.

In the middle of the foam generator body, the foam generator flat 17 and distribution oval grid 18 are fixed on the frame 15 with support on slings 16, which are easily dismantled during maintenance and repair of the device. The degree of perforation of the first foam generator grid is 0.50 - 0.58, with the ratio of their perforation coefficients, as well as the first and second foam generator grids, are 1:2 -1 -4.

The second foam generator grid 19, which is attached separately with a stopper 16, can be rotated in the plane of the pipe by 180" (fig. 3) with the help of a 4-hedron 20, which is inserted into the nest of the frame 21, to which the grid is attached, and is locked with a latch 22, which gives the ability to significantly adjust the parameters of the multiplicity and dispersion of the foam, to implement a smooth mode of supplying the corrosion inhibitor into the annular space and tubing of the well after cleaning and to ensure its inhibitory protection.

Sensors 7 for determining the specific electrical resistance of the created foam flow are connected to the device, the data of which is recorded using a portable computer of the Moshrook type.

The selection of foam for express analyzes is performed with the valve 5 open.

The foam generator works as follows:

The foam generator is installed on portable supports and is connected through the inlet fitting 8 to the tap at the mouth of the well. The gas at the entrance to the foam generator passes through the sludge protection grid 11, and through the valve 5, the solution for foaming is supplied to the continuous torch nozzle 2, which creates a torch of drops of the foaming solution, which are sprayed by the gas flow on the oval 18, the first 17 and the second foam generator grid 19. The foam flow is created through outlet fitting 8 is fed into the annular space or well tubing.

To reduce the multiplicity of foam in the range of 20 - 100, regulate its dispersion and supply corrosion inhibitors, the second foam generator grid 19 is turned in the plane of the pipe by 180" (or less) with the help of a 4-hedron and is stopped by the retainer 22, after which the gas is supplied through tangential nozzles 6 and through variable insert chutes 14 is oriented to the inner surface of the foam generator, which creates an interphase layer of the steel surface wetted with sprayed foam, which makes it possible to reduce the viscosity of the flow and reduce

Ar for its transportation.

The developed foam generator was tested in field conditions at well Me9 of the Yuliiv oil and gas field of GPU "Kharkivgazvydobuvannya" and well Me27 of the Lokachyn gas field

GPU "Lvivgaz-extraction". Research results indicate its high efficiency of cleaning and inhibiting wells and their plumes and the possibility of its serial production and introduction into production.

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Claims (3)

1. A foam generator, including a housing, a system for supplying a foaming solution and gas, a set of foam generator grids, a device for grinding and twisting foam, which is distinguished by the fact that the nozzle of the solid-torch nozzle, mounted coaxially in the housing of the foam generator, is made with helical grooves and replaceable nozzles , the ratio of the diameter of the nozzle for supplying the solution of the foaming agent and corrosion inhibitor and the nozzle of the nozzle - not less than 6:11 with pressure drops of the solution in the tank and the gas in the gas pipeline not exceeding 0.2 MPa; the distribution grid is made oval, the degree of perforation of the first foam generator grid is 0.50-0.58, with the ratio of their perforation coefficients, as well as the first and second foam generator grids, are 12 - 1:4. 2. The foam generator according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that on the body of the foam generator behind the second foam generator grid, two tangential nozzles with replaceable insert chutes are mounted, the openings of which are oriented to supply gas to the inner wall of the pipeline at an angle of 30-60". 3. The foam generator according to item I, which differs in that the second foam generator grid is made with the possibility of rotation in the plane of the pipe by 1807 with the help of a threaded connection and a lock, the mechanism of which is located on the outer surface of the housing to adjust the foam multiplicity depending on the supply in annular space 1 pump-compressor pipes of wells within 20-100 or in its plume - within 100-200.