UA52962A - Metallothermic reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

Metallothermic reactor contains upper chamber for conducting the metallothermic reaction with an aperture covered by protective plate, which is dissolved at the end of reaction. It additionally contains lower chamber for conducting dissolution of components with high degree of annealing and termination of alloying process and late modification of alloy.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to foundry production, namely to metallurgical equipment and can be used in urgent production of cast iron blanks, as well as in thermite welding of materials in repair shops.

The closest to the proposed one is the metal-thermal reactor |1), which is a reaction chamber for the metal-thermal reaction of burning thermite. In the lower part of the camera there is a hole covered by a safety plate.

The disadvantages of the above-mentioned metal-thermal reactor are that its design does not ensure the achievement of sufficiently complete modification and at the same time effective alloying of cast iron.

The task of the invention is to improve the design of the metal-thermal reactor, which would ensure better assimilation of alloying elements and modifiers (mainly these are modifiers of the composition of ferrum-silicon-magnesium-rare earth metals) and increase the strength of the weld seam, which gives a significant saving of both 12 modifiers and alloying elements .

The task is achieved in such a way that the metal-thermal reactor, which contains an upper chamber for carrying out a metal-thermal reaction with an opening covered by a safety plate that dissolves with the end of the reaction, which is characterized by the fact that it additionally contains a lower chamber for carrying out the dissolution of components with a high degree of burning and ending alloying process and late modification of the alloy.

The advantage of the proposed metal-thermal reactor is that it makes it possible to achieve better assimilation of alloying elements and modifiers with their corresponding saving, as well as to increase the quality and strength of the welded seam

Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a metal-thermal reactor, where 1 is the upper chamber, 2 is the lower chamber, C is the plate separating the chambers, 15 is the safety plate of the lower chamber (or metal mesh), 4 is the cavity for thermite welding, 5 and 6 - cast iron parts to be welded.

The metal-thermal reactor works as follows - in the upper chamber 1, the metal-thermal reaction of burning ferroaluminum thermite and dissolution of graphite powder in thermite steel, as well as separation of the liquid products of the reaction into metal and slag phases takes place. At the same time, the slag phase floats, and liquid cast iron collects in the lower part of the chamber and burns a thin plate 3. The time for burning the plate depends on its thickness and should be sufficient for the complete separation of the two liquid phases in chamber 1. Chamber 2 serves for carrying out the inmold process - late modification of cast iron and, at the same time, its alloying with silicon and other Ha elements. The dissolution of plate Z leads to the pouring of liquid alloy into the welding cavity 4, where the welded cast iron parts 5 and 6 are melted by superheated thermite cast iron, and after cooling and about the hardening of the entire system - their strong welding.

Thus, the proposed metal-thermal reactor allows achieving better assimilation of alloying elements and modifiers with a simultaneous increase in weld strength. The proposed metal-thermal reactor also makes it possible to obtain high-quality castings, to carry out high-quality welding of cast iron blanks with economy of alloying elements. c An example of specific use. Fig. 2 shows the scheme of a metal-thermal reactor for welding cast iron parts, where 1 is the upper chamber, 2 is the lower chamber, 3 is the plate, 4 is the cavity for thermite welding, 5, 6 are cast iron parts with SCh20 thickness 2 Ohm, 7 - two-chamber reactor, 8 - hole, 9 - molding mixture, 10 - polyurethane foam, 11 - rod with a hole, 12 - a mixture of thermite and graphite powder, 13 - sl 395 vertical casting channel, 14 - furnace. Cast iron parts 5 and 6 are molded into a sand-clay mixture 9, while the gap between them (width - 20 - 3 mm) is filled with polyurethane foam 10. Cast iron parts 5, 6 and a polyurethane layer 10 are covered with a brick with a molding mixture 9, which has equal laths . In the upper half-form, a channel 13 is provided, on which a two-chamber reactor 7 is installed. A temporary opening 8 is made in the molding mixture, through which the flame of gas vodka is fed. This flame burns (o) 50 polyurethane foam interlayer 10, heats the ends of cast iron parts 5 and 6 and heats the thermite cavity "from welding 4, and at the same time the channel 13, the upper 1 and lower 2 reactor chambers. After the completion of the firing operation in chamber 2 a ferrum-silicon-magnesium-rare-earth metal ligature and a rod 11 with a hole covered by a thin plate of steel (as an option - aluminum or titanium alloy) are laid.

After that, a mixture of thermite and graphite powder 12 is poured into the chamber 1. The cast iron 59 parts 5 are heated and burned to approximately 250°C. The mixture is ignited with a thermite match (for this, you can use magnesium or titanium ignition powders, which in turn are ignited an ordinary match).

Approximately 20 - 25 seconds after the start of the technological operation of alloy synthesis and welding, plate Z is burned with thermite cast iron, which flows into the lower chamber of reactor 2, dissolving the ferrum-silicon-magnesium-rare earth metal ligature on its way, and flows through channel 13 into the welding cavity . 60 After heating, the oxidized layer of cast iron on the ends of cast iron parts 5 and 6 is partially restored by molten cast iron containing silicon. Cast iron parts are firmly welded to each other as a result of their melting with superheated cast iron and its hardening.

The results of the welding seam are shown in table.

Technical and economic efficiency because High-strength cast iron produced in this metal-thermal reactor by the proposed method is 3-4 times more expensive than cast iron smelted by traditional technologies. The economic effect is achieved only when the invention is applied for the production of repair castings in the conditions of workshops and other production facilities not adapted for conventional melting methods or even in field conditions.

The amount of globular graphite in the structure | Tver-dist, NV yu you, vv-eB! lo 4 "Mechanical properties are determined on standard samples with a diameter of 10 mm ""There is no bleaching

The invention can be used in foundry production and in repair shops for urgently obtaining an alloy, as well as for welding cast iron and for the production or feeding of cast iron castings when using the technology of exothermic foundry applications. According to the estimated data, the expected economic effect exceeds 500,000. UAH per year.

Sources of information 1. Shaped casting from thermite steel /Shaped casting from thermite steel/ Zolkover M.3., Hrydunov A.S.,

Byilnytskyi-Birulya S.O. and others - M.: Dorizdat, Publishing house of road technical literature. Gummosdora

USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, Moscow, 1950. 274p. - a prototype.

Formula of the invention "

A metal-thermal reactor, which contains an upper chamber for carrying out a metal-thermal reaction with an opening covered by a safety plate that dissolves at the end of the reaction, which is characterized by the fact that the

Zo additionally contains a lower chamber for the dissolution of components with a high degree of firing and the end of the alloying process and late modification of the alloy. ke, shi | | | what (about)

Official bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2003, M 1, 15.01.2003. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. I - and? 1 name) se) (o)

Ko) 60 b5