UA46430C2 - Apparatus for dust catching during coke drawing - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for dust catching during coke drawing includes mounted on coke guide of door lifter a fire-screen casing that has cone-shaped hood, neck and run-out. In the neck is mounted a axial-flow fan for forced suction of the dust. In the run-out is mounted a dust catcher containing a set of splitters having cut cone-shaped form. The splitters are mounted with gaps between them along vertical axis of run-out. Besides, at the level of gaps between splitters the nozzles are mounted in the run-out, said nozzles being flat jet with angle of water dispersion within limits 90-100 DEGREE . The nozzles are located uniformly on the circle and fixed on vertical part of the pipe that is connected with means for water supply. Apparatus has also means for collection and takeoff of sludge water.

Description

Description of the invention

The invention relates to the coke industry, namely to unloading machines for coke 2 furnaces with horizontal chambers, in particular to devices for catching dust emissions during coke delivery.

When unloading coke ovens on the coke side of the battery, periodic emissions of dust and gas occur, which pollute the environment. This occurs because in the process of unloading the coke cake, the temperature of which is about 1000", when it collides with the atmospheric air, a strong upward convection current is formed at an initial speed of 5-1Ω/s, which lifts up the small particles of coke, which were formed as a result of the destruction of the coke pie when it is unloaded into the fire-fighting wagon.

From the patent and scientific and technical information, several different installations and devices are known for capturing dust and gas emissions during the unloading of coke ovens. These are: a dust-extracting umbrella installed over the coke guide of the door-removing machine and the extinguishing car; a hopper-car carrying out acceptance and quenching of coke with the capture of dust and gas at the same time; 12 galleries located on the coke side of the battery above the door-opening machine, the fire-extinguishing car and the coke ramp.

At this time, installations with dust-absorbing umbrellas, which also have several advantages, were widely used in the domestic and foreign coke industry.

It is known, for example, an installation for reducing atmospheric pollution during the delivery of coke from furnaces, which is mounted on the metal structure of the coke oven and represents an exhaust umbrella covering the coke oven and part of the extinguishing car and connected by a pipeline system to the equipment for dust extraction and gas cleaning, which contains wet a dust collector, cyclones, blowers and a slurry pipe, also mounted on the metal structure of the coke station (patent OE Mo1202246, class C10833/00, 14.09.72).

The disadvantages of such installations are their very large weight (200 tons), the use of corrosion-resistant materials for the manufacture of cyclones, and significant costs during operation. Gee)

Also known is the installation for catching dust and gas during the unloading of coke ovens, which contains a dust-catching umbrella mounted on the coke funnel above its basket, a gas outlet telescopic nozzle, the fixed part of which is mounted on the upper part of the umbrella, an exhaust manifold with valve boxes, which is installed along the coke battery and connected to the ventilation and cleaning system. During the production of coke, the generated dust and gas emissions are caught by an umbrella and enter the exhaust manifold through a telescopic pipe, which is connected to the valve box. From where they enter the filters of the ventilation and cleaning system, where they are cleaned and released into the atmosphere (patent UR. Mo46-30100, class 17A 312.4, 01.09.71). M

The disadvantage of this installation design is the use of an exhaust manifold with valve boxes and a ventilation and cleaning system with very powerful electric drives. All this requires the need for an additional 300 m of production space and high capital and operating costs for the construction and operation of coke Z batteries.

There is also a known device for catching dust emissions during coke delivery, which the authors took as a prototype and which eliminates the above-mentioned shortcomings. This device has a fireplace-shaped casing with a diffuser in the upper part mounted on the coke-head of the door-removing machine, a dust collector installed in the diffuser and made in the form of a louver-type pyramid-shaped umbrella, the angle of inclination of the blades of which is successively reduced in the direction of the movement of the dust and gas flow. Two nozzles are installed in the diffuser above the dust collector, respectively, for

From" irrigation of the inner surface of the diffuser and umbrella blades from the outside. In addition, an additional nozzle is installed below the umbrella for irrigating the umbrella blades from the inside. The device also has means for supplying water to the nozzles and means for collecting and draining sludge water (patent OA Mob121, class C10В33/00, 29.12.94). e However, this device does not effectively capture dust emissions when dispensing coke, due to the fact that

Ge"), when a large volume of dust-gas mixture is emitted in the neck of the casing, the flow of this mixture is blocked, which causes an increase in pressure in the lower part of the casing and, as a result, part of the dust-gas mixture breaks into the environment through the gaps between the lower part of the casing and the extinguishing car , polluting the atmosphere with harmful emissions.

The invention is based on the task of improving a device for capturing dust emissions during coke delivery, in which, by reducing the volume of the dust-gas mixture formed during coke delivery and blocking its breakthrough in the lower part of the casing, ensure more effective dust collection and thereby significantly reduce volumes of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. 29 The task is solved in a device for catching dust emissions when issuing coke, which contains

GF) mounted on the coke-head of the door-removing machine, a chimney-shaped casing with a diffuser in the upper part, a dust collector installed in the diffuser, nozzles for irrigation, means for supplying water to the nozzles o and means for collecting and draining sludge water, because it additionally has a cone-shaped umbrella, installed in a fireplace casing on the longitudinal axis of the coke oven, means for forced suction of dust, 60 are installed in the neck between the diffuser and the upper part of the fireplace casing, and the dust collector is made in the form of a set of splitters, which are installed along the vertical axis of the diffuser with gaps between them, and nozzles, evenly spaced in a circle at the level of the gaps between the splitters and fixed on the vertical part of the pressure pipeline connected to the means for supplying water.

According to the invention, means for forced suction of dust are made in the form of an axial fan. because the cutters of the dust collector are made in the form of truncated cone-shaped shapes.

The nozzles are made of flat jets with a water spray angle within 90-1007.

The specified set of essential features and their form of execution provide the opportunity to: reduce the volume of the dust-gas mixture during coke delivery, this is achieved by the presence of a cone-shaped umbrella, which is installed in the casing; block the breakthrough of the dust-gas mixture in the lower part of the casing, this is achieved by the presence of means for forced suction of dust, which create a high-speed air flow that prevents dust emissions from under the lower part of the casing; to increase the effect of trapping the device, this is achieved by making the dust collector in the form of a set of 7/o splitters, which are installed along the vertical axis of the diffuser with a gap between them, and the location of the nozzles evenly around the circle at the level of the gaps between the splitters.

All this together significantly increases the efficiency of the proposed device for catching dust emissions during coke dispensing.

The invention is explained on the basis of an example of execution and drawings, which show: in Fig. 1 - a general view of the device, a side view; in Fig. 2 - the same, view from the side of the fire-fighting car; in Fig. 3 - section A-A in Fig. 1; in Fig. 4 - section B-B in Fig. 3; in Fig. 5 - view B in Fig. 4; in Fig. 6 - section GG in Fig. 5.

The device for catching dust emissions during coke delivery (see fig. 17 and 2) includes a chimney-like casing 3 mounted on the coke guide 1 of the door-removing machine 2, which is located above the fire-extinguishing car 4.

Casing C has a cone-shaped umbrella 5, installed on the longitudinal axis of the coke guide 1 inside the casing 3, a neck 6 and a diffuser 7.

In the neck 6 (see fig. 1 and 3) means for forced suction of dust are installed, which are made in the form of an axial fan 8. i)

The diffuser 7 (see Fig. 3) has a dust collector made in the form of a set of cutters 9, which are located along the vertical axis 10 of the diffuser 7 with gaps 11 between them. Cutters 9 are made of a truncated cone shape. In addition, in the diffuser 7 (see fig. 2, 3 and 4) at the level of the gaps 11 between the splitters 9 and 9, there are nozzles 12 evenly distributed around the circle. The latter are fixed on the vertical part 13 of the pressure pipeline 14, which is connected to the means for supplying water , including a tank 15 with water and a pump and, 16. "g

Nozzles 12 (see fig. 5 and 6) are made of flat jets with a water spray angle 17 within 90-100".

For the collection and removal of sludge water, the device (see Fig. 3) has means, which are installed ise) with 5 inside the neck 6, an annular trough 18, the bottom of which has a slope in the direction of the inlet of the sludge pipeline 19, fixed on the inner wall of the casing 3.

The device works like this.

To unload coke from the furnace (see Fig. 1 and 2), the door-removing machine 2 installs the coke guide 1 with a device for catching dust emissions on the longitudinal axis of this furnace above the extinguishing car 4. Then, at the beginning of " 470 coke delivery, the axial fan 8 is turned on, which creates rarefaction in the neck 6 and between the walls of the casing Z with c and the umbrella 5, and the pump 16, which supplies water from the reservoir 15 through the pipeline 14 to the nozzles 12. The latter. water is sprayed, creating a multi-tiered water cascade (see fig. 3 and 4) in the diffuser 7. When issuing coke and? (see fig. 1 and 3) the formed dust-gas mixture is pulled up by a hot air flow. At the same time, relatively large dust particles, hitting the inner walls of the umbrella 5, fall into the body of the extinguishing wagon 4, and small particles, falling into the lower part of the umbrella 5, are captured by the air flow created by the axial fan 8, passing between the walls of the umbrella 5 and the casing From through the neck b, they enter the diffuser 7. In the last splitter 9, dust collectors change the speed and direction of movement of small dust particles, and the water cascade

Meh, a lot of them gets wet and dumped on the inner wall of the diffuser 7. Captured by water, they are washed into their ring-shaped chute 18. From there, they are dumped with water through the sludge pipeline 19 into the body of the fire-fighting wagon 4.

After the coke is unloaded, the axial fan 8 and the pump 16 are turned off. o Then the door removing machine 2 moves the coke guide 1 to the second furnace, which will be unloaded, and the cycle of operation of the device is repeated.

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Claims (4)

The formula of the invention is) 1. A device for capturing dust emissions during the delivery of coke, containing a chimney-like casing mounted on the coke head 60 of the door-removing machine with a diffuser in the upper part, a dust collector installed in the diffuser, nozzles for irrigation, means for supplying water to the nozzles, and means for collecting and removing sludge of water, which is distinguished by the fact that it additionally contains a cone-shaped umbrella installed in a chimney-like casing on the longitudinal axis of the coke-head, means for forced suction of dust installed in the neck between the diffuser and the upper part of the chimney-like casing, and the dust collector 65 is made in the form of a set of cutters, which are installed along the vertical axis of the diffuser with gaps between them, and the nozzles are uniformly located in a circle at the level of the gaps between the splitters and fixed on the vertical part of the pipeline connected to the means for supplying water. 2. The device according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the means for forced suction of dust are made in the form of an axial fan. C. The device according to claim 1, which differs in that the cutters are made in the form of truncated cone-shaped shapes. 4. The device according to claim 71, which differs in that the nozzles are made of flat jets with a water spray angle in the range of 90-100". Official Bulletin "Industrial Property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated microcircuits", 2004, M 9, 15.09.2004. State Department of Intellectual Property of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. Section 6) "c) (ze) " (Se) " - with . and? sh» (o) sh» o) 70 (42) ime) 60 b5