UA31919U - Method for controlling weeds at fields of birds-foot trefoil of second and following years - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for controlling weeds at the fields of the birds-foot trefoil of the second and following years provides for use of imazetapyr which is an inhibitor of acetolactatesynthase and is used per se or in combination with surface-active substances. Ammonium nitrate (10 kg/ha) or exopolysaccharide-acrylamide (ЕPАА) in a 0.5% concentration (1.25-1.50 l/ha) is added as an adjuvant for reducing the surface tension of a working solution that provides lowering the rate of the herbicide application by 35-50% without lowering biological effectiveness thereof.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to agriculture, namely to the area of chemical means of protection of crops of 2 field crops from weeds. It can be used in the cultivation of horned dogwood.

As a result of the deterioration of the phytosanitary situation in modern agrocenoses of field crops, the level of weediness has increased significantly, which causes significant crop losses. Preliminary studies of the Institute of Fodder of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences established that the presence of a medium level of weediness (30-5 Osht/m 2 ) of the loss of the seeds of the hornwort is 0.8-1.0 c/ha. Agrotechnical measures do not ensure proper control of weeds. Therefore, in the near future, the use of herbicides remains one of the important elements of integrated plant protection systems. However, there is no range of herbicides for chemical weeding of cornflower crops (|1). In connection with this, there is a need to find chemical compounds or their mixtures, which would have high herbicidal activity and were highly selective for cultivated plants. The closest to the technical solution was the use of a seed chemical compound called imazethapir, 100g/l in rates of 0.6-1.0l/ha on coverless alfalfa crops. When applied before the appearance of alfalfa seedlings or after the appearance of seedlings in the phase of 1-2 trifoliate leaves of the culture, this herbicide effectively controls cereal and annual dicotyledonous weeds, and also destroys the quarantine weed field bindweed. Imazethapir was effective against smut when applied to the stubble after mowing alfalfa on the 8th-9th day (|1-21|.

It is known that when herbicides are applied, a significant amount of them enters the environment, primarily the soil, due to insufficient fixation on weed plants. At the same time, suppression of soil microflora and water pollution is possible. Therefore, to reduce the herbicide load and improve the ecological situation, new technologies for the use of herbicides are necessary. To solve this problem, surface-active substances of a chemical nature have become widely used. Recently, a polysaccharide of microbial origin is used as an additive to pesticides: exo-polysaccharide acrylamide (EPAA) in a concentration of 0.595 29 from the working solution (4). At the same time, the consumption rates of herbicides are reduced by 20-3595 without reducing their biological activity.

The task of this useful model is to search for new chemical compounds or their mixtures, which would have a wide spectrum of action and a high selectivity for the plants of the hornwort in conditions of mixed type of weediness.

The goal is achieved by using a chemical compound based on the active substance imazetapir (pivot 10905 v.r.k.), which is an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase. A method of weed control using imazethapir is proposed at the rate of consumption of 0.4-0.vl/ha. Ammonium nitrate (1Okg/ha) or exopolysaccharide - acrylamide (EPAA) in a concentration of 0.595 o (1.25-1.5O0l/ha) is added as adjuvants to reduce the surface tension of the working solution, which ensures a reduction in the rate of herbicide consumption on 35-50956 without reducing its biological effectiveness.

To study the harmfulness of weeds, selectivity and biological effectiveness of herbicides and their mixtures with

In 2006-2007 field experiments were conducted with EPAA and ammonium nitrate in the laboratory of agriculture and plant protection of the Institute of Fodder of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. The area of the sowing plot is 32mM 2, the accounting plot is 24m, the repetition is four times. Placement of plots is systematic in four rows. Herbicide solutions were prepared before spraying. Application was carried out in the spring with a knapsack sprayer in the spring when the plants were growing - linden (height 6b-8cm). The consumption rate of the working solution is 25O0l/ha. Counting of the number of weeds by species was carried out before applying herbicides and 30 days after spraying the crops. Before harvesting, the number of weeds and their weight were determined from the crop seeds. Seed yield was determined by picking sheaves from an area of 1m? in 4 places of each plot with their subsequent threshing by hand. Crops at the first accounting

They had a mixed type of weediness, where annual cereals predominated (chicken millet), and dicots were represented by unscented chamomile and common buckwheat. It can be seen from Table 1 that the total number of weeds before the application of herbicides was in the range of 106.5-139.0 units/m 2. When using imazethapyr alone - (0.4-O0.bl/ha) the death of weeds was 72 -8195. Annual cereal weeds (chicken millet) were destroyed at 74-8196, and dicotyledonous weeds (unscented chamomile, common buckwheat) at 71-9095 (Table 2). It should be noted that with an increase in the consumption rate of imazetapir from 0.4 to 0.1 IU/ha, its phytotoxic effect increased by 7-9905. - The herbicidal activity of imazetapir at a reduced rate of consumption of 5095 in combined with ammonium nitrate (1Okg/ha) or EPAA (1.25l/ha) was high. Thus, the death of weeds of both biological groups (cereals and dicotyledons) was at the level of applied imazetapyr at the maximum rate of consumption (0.vl/ha). The maximum death of weeds (87-8995) was noted in the areas where a tank mixture of imazetapyr (0.4 l/ha) with Khizalofop-P-tefuryl (1.0 l/ha) with the addition of ammonium nitrate (10 kg/ha) was used.

Herbicides and their compositions have shown high selectivity for hornwort plants. Thinning of the density of plants, signs of phytotoxic effect on culture plants were not observed. Against the background of a significant reduction in the level of weediness, favorable conditions were created for the growth and development of cultivated plants, which led to an increase in seed yield by 0.34-1.07 c/ha compared to the control without herbicides and manual weeding of weeds (Table 3). .

Experiment variant Rate of consumption | Accounts Indicators 65 of the drug, l/ha, the number of deaths, the weight of the reduction in the weight of weeds, (weeds, 9 of the weeds, the number of 2 weeds, 95 to pcs./m2 | control control now 16161016 imazetapir during spring growth | 004 p! - 1717-11 zvry color zvvv rn vv imazetapir x EPAA-/- odntov te! 11-11 voy Z z lovy 11711

Table 2

The effect of herbicides on the predominant weed species in crops of the second-year horned dogwood, 2007 h-

Research variant Rate of consumption of drugs |Accounting | Indicators of changes in the number of individual types of weeds 3o l/ha, kga millet chicken chamomile buckwheat common so odorless pieces/m | death, pieces/m | (death, pieces/m | death, 2 to 2 to to « in nn o p VE PE NO NS A PO NNYA s z (in) 16510185 zoly 10 yuyu o 5 2 z 10110500 15 be Imazetapir in the spring regrowth of licorice in 04 row 13850403 sh 5180 75 85. 7820 in z |55 t 80 mol in 5o 2 601 t vo tya 120 v - 2 160 p 80) 74 20 v2 z |60) 74 to) 73 16 vv s imazetapir-- sht EI V ER NO 2 45 vi toi po |v z |4o| vvo) lolou vo 95 imazetatir » ammonium nitrate vano EE EI V EE NO s with fl ova voi tv lov imazetapir « EPAACHI- one125 right zvo vo vo 20 z |45 vo vv t | 16 c with z z vv |55| 78 lo in b5

Table C

The effect of herbicides on the seed yield of dogwood, 2007

Variant of the experiment Rate of consumption Density of plants before Average, |e- to control, drug, kg, l/ha|harvesting, thousand sweat. c/ha c/ha

Control 1 without herbicides and manual weeding 381.3 1.35 weeds

Control 2 with manual weeding P 382.0

Imazetapir during the spring regrowth of linden for 04 381.4 1.69 0.34 plant height 6-Vsm

Imazetapir i- ammonium nitrate-//- 0.4-10.0 381.5 ha | ov

Imazetapir - EPAA-//- 0.41.25 381.5

Imazetapir and hyzalo-fop-P-tefuryl and ammoniacal 0.44-1.0-10.0 381.4 2.A2 1.07 nitrate-//-

Sources of information taken into account when describing the useful model: 1. List of pesticides and agrochemicals approved for use in Ukraine. - Dnipropetrovsk:

ARG-PRES. - 2006. - 318b. 2. Patent 16543 А 01 Мо25/02, Ukraine, Method of control of field knotweed. . Declaratory patent for a utility model Me9252 A 01 Mo 25/02. - Published 09/15/2005, Bull. Mo9,

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention is related to the method of controlling weeds in crops of cornflower of the second and subsequent years of life, which involves the use of imazethapyr, which is an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase and is used in its pure form or in combination with surface-active substances, which differs in that as an ad Ammonium nitrate (10 kg/ha) or exopolysaccharide-acrylamide (EPAA) in 0.5 95 concentration (1.25-1.50 l/ha) is added to the excipient to reduce the surface tension of the working solution, which ensures a reduction in the rate of herbicide consumption on 35-50 95 without ("7 reduction of its biological effectiveness. b Official bulletin "Industrial property". Book 1 "Inventions, useful models, topographies of integrated 7 Зз5 microcircuits", 2008, M 8, 25.04.2008. State Department of Intellectual Property Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. - and? o - (Se) - (32) 60 b5