UA28800U - Device for determining the spectral characteristics of an object - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed device for determining the spectral characteristics of an object in spectophotometery contains a lens, a scattering element, a signal processor, a display unit, a memory unit for storing reference values of parameters, a unit for data acquisition and storing, a unit for moving a picture, a movement detector, and a photodetector array. The device provides scanning the object by optical radiation transmitted through a narrow slit, transmitting the radiation through the lens and the scattering element, and analyzing the distribution of the radiation intensity by the photodetector array. The scanning is accomplished in the directions that are perpendicular and parallel to the centerline of the narrow slit.

Description

Description of the invention

The proposed device belongs to the field of applied spectrometry, in particular to optical-electronic 2 spectral measurements.

There are known spectrometers based on the decomposition of light into the components of the spectrum, using dispersive elements, for example, prisms or diffraction gratings |11.

Known devices for multi-zone terrain surveying | 21.

The main disadvantage of these devices is a very small field of view and the ability to work only in a narrow 70 beam of light rays reflected from the object.

The disadvantage of multi-zone shooting devices is the need to use multi-zone equipment, which often makes it very difficult to solve the tasks.

As an analog taken as a prototype, the closest is a spectrometric device (11.

The task of a useful model is to create a terrain picture decoding device that can transform 12 pieces of information on a color aerial image into a spectral characteristic of each area of the terrain in the image.

The task is solved by creating a device for deciphering the spectral characteristics of an object based on its color image in a photograph, which contains a lens unit, a dispersing element, an information processing unit, an indication unit, a standard memory unit, a recording and information storage unit, 20 which is characterized by the fact that it includes a picture cassette unit with a picture movement mechanism, a movement sensor and a backlight, a multi-element matrix-type photoreceptor installed in the image plane of the spectral bands, the spectral bands being oriented so as to ensure scanning of the matrix photoreceptor target in the direction of one from the coordinate axes of the photoreceptor, and along the other axis provide scanning of the structure of the photoreceptor in a direction parallel to the edge of the "reading slot 29". in

The technical result is the provision of automated decoding of aerospace images, improving the accuracy of decoding.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the proposed device. 1 - input collimator lens; o 30 2 - dispersing element (diffraction grating); Av

Z - lens; 4 - multi-element matrix type photoreceptor; so - information processing unit; Ge) 6 - display unit; 3о 7 - cassette unit of an aerial photograph with a slotted diaphragm; ch 8 - illumination of an aerial photograph in the zone of the slit diaphragm; 9 - the mechanism of movement of the picture relative to the diaphragm with the sensor of the amount of movement of the picture; - control unit; « 11 - memory block of standards; From 50 12 - block of recording and storage of information; c Blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 - are located in a single case, blocks 5, 11, 12 - in a computer.

From" It is possible to miniaturize blocks 4, 11, 12 and place all blocks in a single case.

In Fig. 1, single lines with arrows show electrical connections, and double lines - optical ones.

The cassette unit of the space aerial photograph has a slotted diaphragm, the axis of which is in a plane parallel to the direction of the 45 working elements of the dispersing system 2 and from one of the axes of the two-coordinate matrix of the multi-element photoreceiver 4.

Ge | Block 7 has a backlight 8 and a mechanism for moving the picture 9 with a sensor for the amount of movement of the picture in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the slit diaphragm. because the magnitude of the movement of the picture is fixed by the sensor of the mechanism 8, converted into an electronic signal code and transmitted to block 5 at 20 o'clock.

Blocks 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8 have an optical connection between them (in Fig. 1 is shown by double lines). c A diffraction grating can be used as a dispersing system 2, and as a photodetector 4 -

CCD matrix.

The device is powered by the control unit 10 from an external or built-in power source. c In Fig. 2, consider the optical scheme of a spectral device with a flat diffraction grating. Such a device has input and output collimators with lenses 1 and 3. The optical axes of the lenses 7 and 3 of the collimators are perpendicular to the lines of the grating, that is, they lie in the x plane. The input slot 13 of the cassette block 7, which plays the role of a light source, is parallel to the lines of the grid. Each point of the slit 13 along its height gives, after passing 60 of the lens 1 of the collimator, a parallel beam of light, the axis of which will form an angle 6 with the optical axis of the collimator and, therefore, with the plane xu. The axes of parallel beams coming from different points of the slit 13 (along its height) will form different angles with the plane xu, but they all lie in the same plane that passes through the axis 7.

Based on the scheme of the spectral device, it is convenient to characterize the position of the source point a and the observation point B by the angles Ж and fr, which lie in the х plane, and the angles 6' and 6", which lie in the planes that pass through the optical axes of the collimators and the axis 72. The angle z formed by the axis of the input collimator with the x axis is the angle of incidence of the parallel beam on the grating, and the angle ф formed by the axis of the output collimator with the x axis is the diffraction angle. With this choice of the angles of the axes of parallel beams coming from different points of the input slits along its height will form different angles 6", but their projections on the x plane will form the same angle b (1) with the axis. As a result, an image of spectral bands 14 appears on the target of the matrix photoreceptor 4.

The device with which the proposed method is implemented works as follows:

With the help of the control unit 10, other units of the device are turned on. The image of the terrain, limited by the slit diaphragm 13 of block 7 and illuminated by block 8, is transmitted to lens 1, which forms a global beam that falls on the dispersing system - block 2. In block 2, the light flux is decomposed into 70 spectral components, which form with the help of lens C, colored stripes with different wavelengths are placed on the target of the photo receiver 4, while the direction of the stripes coincides with the direction of one of the axis of the matrix and the stripes are projected onto the target in this direction. Areas of the matrix target, illuminated by spectral bands, are electronically scanned "pixel by pixel" along the bands, thereby scanning the image in the picture, which is limited by the slot unit 7 along the axis of this slot aperture. At the same time, with the help of the mechanism 9, a scan (75 slower than "per-pixel") is performed in block 7 of the picture, in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the slit diaphragm of block 7. As a result, information is sent from block 4 to block 5 in an electronic code about the spectral composition of the image of each smallest part of the picture in the two-coordinate system. The block also contains information from the reference memory block 11. References are a coded ratio of light flux intensities at the working wavelengths corresponding to certain objects. In block 5, comparisons are made of these deviations with the received ones

As a result of the measurements, the objects in the picture are identified. The identification data from block 5 is sent to block 6, where the information is visualized and also sent to the information storage block 12.

Thus, the proposed device for deciphering the spectral characteristics of an object based on its color image, for example, on a space photo, allows obtaining the spectral characteristics of each part of the object over the entire image field with full automation of decoding.

Literature: 1. V.N. Malyshev. Introduction to experimental spectrometry. - M.: "Nauka", 1979. in 2. N.P. Lavrova, A.F. Stetsenko. Astrophotography. Astrophotographic equipment. - M.: Nedra, 1981. (pp. 271-273).

Z. B.S. Kuzmin, F.Ya. Gerasimov et al. Topographical and geodesic terms: Reference book. - M.: "Nedra", 1989. "3 (pp. 190-191). at

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention со с Device for deciphering the spectral characteristics of an object based on its color image on a photograph, a сU containing a lens unit, a dispersing element, an information processing unit, an indication unit, a standard memory unit, a unit for recording and storing information, which differs in that it includes a picture cassette unit with a picture movement mechanism, a movement sensor and backlight, as well as a multi-element matrix photoreceptor installed in the image plane of the spectral bands, while the spectral bands are oriented in such a way as to ensure scanning of the target of the matrix photoreceptor according to in the direction of one of the coordinate axes of the photoreceptor, and along the other axis, scan the structure of the photoreceptor in the direction parallel to the edge of the "reading slit". and? name) (ee) (ee) o 50 (42) with 60 b5