UA21996U - Contour heat pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

A contour heat pipe (CHP) has heating zone, this consists of a cylindrical housing with heat exchange surface, a capillary pump, collector, steam discharge channels, compensation cavity, flange, pipelines for steam and condensate. The compensation cavity is placed at the outer side of the heating zone of CHP cylindrical housing. To the inner surface of CHP heating zone layer of high-porous capillary structure is attached.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the heat engineering industry, in particular systems for ensuring the thermal regimes of 2 devices and heat transport.

Contour-type heat pipes (KTT) are known, which have been used in many "source"-"sink" heat exchange schemes. One of such constructions of KTT is given in IA. with. Mo1196665 P28015/00, Mo45, 07.12.85). It contains: vapor condensate pipes, an evaporator with a porous nozzle (capillary pump) in the form of a hollow cylinder, a collector with vapor removal channels, a compensation cavity and a condenser. The compensating cavity 70 of this design is located inside the CTT, completely covered by a heat-receptive surface, which leads to an unwanted inflow of heat through the entire surface of the compensating cavity, an increase in pressure in it, and thus a decrease in the potential of the CTT. In addition, the heating zone of this KTT design effectively removes heat from the "source" only under the conditions of conductive heat exchange, which significantly limits the possibilities of its use, for example, heat removal from a gas flow. 12 Another design of a contour heat pipe for miniature heat transport systems is known. IM MipeK Ipiegpayopa! Zetipag "Neai Rirez, Neai Rytrz, Keigidegayogv", year 15...22, MipeK, Veiagiz, Zerietreg 4-7, 2000). This pipe includes all the structural elements listed in the previous analogue. The difference lies in the use of a cylindrical, planar heat-receptive surface, to which heat is transferred from the "source" by the conductive method. This difference somewhat expands the possibilities of using such a design when the heat-loaded surface of the "source" has a planar geometry. Heat inflows into the compensation cavity in this case occur only from one side, which increases the potential of the CTT. At the same time, a significant drawback of this design is the limited possibility of scaling (increasing the size) of the CTT due to the effect of pressure on the flat surface of the heating zone. In addition, in this design, the efficiency of heat removal from the heated gas stream remains low.

The closest analogue of the technical proposal should be considered the design of the contour heat pipe, which is indicated -/n-) in (patent Mo2101644, 280 15/04, Mob, 10.01.1998). The construction of the KTT includes: a heating zone consisting of a cylindrical body with a heat-receptive surface, steam removal channels, a collector, a capillary pump (capillary-porous nozzle); compensation cavity, steam and condensate pipelines connecting the heating zone with the condensation zone; condenser and flange for connecting the heating zone to the heat source. The given design scheme provides a conductive supply of heat flow from the "source" to the heat-receptive Fu surface of the heating zone and, accordingly, to the capillary-porous nozzle in contact with it. Vapor formation occurs at the border of these surfaces. The steam enters the steam pipe through the steam removal channels and the collector, through which it moves to the condenser, which is cooled, for example, by water or air. Condensed "-- coolant returns to the heating zone through the condensate line and through the compensation cavity enters the

From the capillary-porous nozzle on the opposite side of the vapor formation surface. The capillary pump constantly feeds the vaporization zone with condensate and the cycle of the contour heat pipe repeats. With conductive heat supply, this system functions stably and efficiently enough.

The disadvantages of the closest analog, which limit the range of its use, are: "- the compensating cavity is located too close to the heating surfaces, which contributes to the possibility of blocking liquid from the condensate line to the capillary-porous nozzle; c - it is practically impossible to scale such a structure in the direction of increasing its size and maintaining satisfactory values of the ratio of the mass of the heating zone to the transmitted heat flow. In the case of cylindrical heating zones (as in one of the analogs), the increase in their diameters and lengths is also complicated by the occurrence of unjustified volumes of compensation cavities, the growth of hydraulic resistance, increased thicknesses of capillary-porous nozzles, and the complication of technological techniques; o - the efficiency of such a structure is ensured only with conductive heat supply to its zone - heating.

The useful model is based on the task of creating such a contoured heat pipe, which, through the rational placement of the compensation cavity on the CTT body and the use of a highly porous capillary (Te) 20 structure in the CTT heating zone, increases the intensity of convective heat exchange, the manufacturability of manufacturing and ensures its scaling, expansion areas of its application and improvement of work efficiency. The problem is solved due to the fact that in a contour heat pipe containing a heating zone, which consists of a cylindrical body with a heat-receptive surface, a capillary pump, a collector, steam discharge channels, a compensation cavity, a flange, steam and condensate pipelines, which differs 29 in that , that the compensating cavity is located on the outside of the heating zone of the CTT cylindrical body, and c a layer of highly porous capillary structure is attached to the inner surface of the CTT heating zone.

The production of such a design of the heating zone of the CTT allows to remove the restrictions associated with the scaling of the heating zone. Thus, an increase in the diameter of the cylinder, or an expansion of the "belt", does not require additional reinforcements of the elements subjected to pressure, both in the middle of the heating zone of the CTT and on the side of the gas flow in the middle of the cylinder 60, in contrast to the design of the heating zone of the nearest analogue. Scaling also does not lead to the need to "artificially" increase the thickness of the capillary pump, as is the case in CTT analogs with a cylindrical geometry of the heating zone.

The principle of operation and the physical essence of the heat and mass transfer processes of the useful model is illustrated by a drawing.

Fig. 1 shows a section of the CTT heating zone, while Fig. 2 shows a simplified diagram of the adaptation of such a CTT heating zone to the thermally stressed engine cylinder

Stirling.

The design of the heating zone of the contour heat pipe (Fig. 1, 2) consists of the following elements: cylindrical body 2 with a heat-receptive surface, flange 1, which is an element of the outer body

ZONES of heating and contains in the middle - a compensatory cavity C partially filled with a coolant; capillary pump 4, attached to the cylindrical surface of the housing 2 with steam removal channels 6; steam collector 10. A condensate pipeline 11 is introduced into the compensation cavity, and a steam pipeline 12 is connected to the steam collector. In the middle of the cylindrical body 2, on the opposite side, but within the limits of its location, a convective surface 7 of a highly porous capillary structure is attached, which on the inner side it is closed by a sleeve 8 and /o0 forms a coaxial channel for the passage of gas coolant 9. The general diagram of the adaptation of the CTT heating zone on the cylinder (Fig. 2) shows additional positions characteristic of one of the designs of the Stirling engine: working rod 13; membrane 14 (similar to the working piston); extrusion piston 15; and the heat flow supply zone 16.

Elements of the CTT heating zone can be made of known and common materials, for example: 7/5 flange of the outer casing 1 - of carbon or alloy steel; capillary pump 4 - from finely dispersed metal powder with a particle diameter of 1...10 μm, or from metal felt based on monodisperse shades of stainless fiber with a diameter of 10...20 μm and a length of 3...4 mm; condenser and steam lines 11 and 12 - stainless steel capillaries with a diameter of 2...bmm; highly porous convective surface 7-made of stainless or copper fiber with a diameter of 50...7Ωm; cylinder head 8 and cylinder body 2 are made of stainless steel.

The heating zone of the contour heat pipe works as follows.

The heat from the gas flow 9, the movement of which into the upper and lower zones of the cylinder is initiated by the movement of the ejecting piston 15, is intensively removed by the highly porous convective surface 7, while the nozzle 8 ensures the passage of the gas flow through the pores of this surface, practically in full. The heat flow from the convective surface is transmitted by conduction through the wall of the cylinder body 2 and heats the structure of the capillary pump 4, which is attached to it and is saturated with a liquid coolant, for example, water. At the boundary of the contact of the pump 4 and the wall of the housing 2, intense steam formation occurs due to the effect of evaporation of thin o, films that are formed in the capillary structure of the pump 4 at the boundary of the contact. The flow of steam through the steam removal channels b flows into the collector 10 and then through the steam pipe 12 it is directed to the condenser (not shown in the figure) of a known design, which can be located several meters away from the heating zone of the CTT. In the Gezo condenser, steam is condensed and, accordingly, heat is removed, and the condensate (liquid) is sucked out of the condenser through the condensate line 11, the compensation cavity З, the holes of the perforated plate 5 - Me by the capillary pump 4. thus, the constant supply of the liquid heat carrier of the steam-generating Ge is supported! boundaries of pump 4 and housing 2 and the cycle ends. For cases of power fluctuations of the heat flow taken from the gas carrier U in flange 1, the location of an additional volume of liquid heat carrier known as the compensation cavity 3 is assumed. Its location in relatively massive and distant from the vapor-forming surfaces of the CTT heating zone contributes to minimization of the temperature of the coolant, and therefore the stability of the entire CTT operation due to the reduction of the probability of the coolant boiling and the appearance of steam bubbles, which could "break" or "block" the liquid flow of the coolant to the steam-generating zone.

The proposed design of the CTT heating zone can be implemented by means of conventional technologies and "ensure the thermal mode of operation of the most "environmentally friendly" Stirling engines, which do not require oil-based energy carriers for their operation.

Claims (1)

;" The formula of the invention , , , d) Contour heat pipe (KTT), containing a heating zone, which consists of a cylindrical body with a heat-receptive surface, a capillary pump, a collector, steam removal channels, a compensating - cavities, flange, steam and condensate pipelines, which is characterized by the fact that the compensating cavity is located on the outside of the heating zone of the cylindrical body of the CTT, and a layer of highly porous capillary structure is attached to the inner surface of the heating zone of the CTT. se) 42) p. 60 b5