UA151011U - Method of growing green manure - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of growing green manure includes double peeling of stubble, while the grain lost during harvesting, the duration of which is 250-270 days, is used as the green manure seeds.

Description

The useful model belongs to the field of crop production and can be used directly in both conventional and organic agriculture when growing siderates.

Siderates entered crop production as a green organic fertilizer, they structure the upper soil layer, reduce weediness of agricultural land, increase the effectiveness of plant protection from insects and pests, reduce soil acidity, increase the level of plant nutrients in the upper soil layer and improve microbiological processes (1 , 21.

Siderates include the vegetative mass of various crops sown after harvesting, in particular: phacelia, white mustard, vetch, oats, rye, barley, buckwheat, amaranth (1, 21.

A well-known method of growing siderats includes: peeling stubble, plowing the soil, harrowing under conditions of soil drying, pre-sowing cultivation with simultaneous harrowing, sowing siderat seeds and growing the vegetative mass to the budding phase.

The closest in essence is the method of growing siderates from the seeds of barley, vetch, rye, oats and others. However, this method has a number of disadvantages, in particular, high material costs, which include: funds for soil cultivation, purchase of seeds and their sowing, low yield of vegetative mass, as well as high mechanical load on the soil.

The basis of a useful model is the task of eliminating the shortcomings of the known method.

The task is solved by growing siderates from the seeds lost during the harvest of winter crops (winter peas, winter wheat, winter rapeseed, winter barley), the amount of which is up to 10 9% of the yield of these crops.

The essence of the proposed method of growing siderats is that they are grown from the seeds of winter crops lost during harvesting.

At the same time, from the technological operations of soil preparation for sowing, only one-time disking is left, which is carried out immediately after threshing of winter crops. At the same time, according to the proposed method, there is no need to purchase seeds and sow them, as they fall into the soil during threshing of the crop. Cultivation of the vegetative mass of siderates continues from the threshing of grain and leguminous crops in the second half of summer and until the second half of spring and is used for sowing spring crops.

As a result of using the proposed method, the yield of vegetative mass of siderates

Zo increases by an average of 2.9 times. In particular, the cultivation of siderate from the seeds of winter wheat increased the yield of vegetative mass by 2.5 times, winter barley by 2.3 times, winter rapeseed by 3.6 times, and winter peas by 2.9 times. An increase in the yield of the vegetative mass of siderats occurs due to an increase in the vegetation period of siderats from 50-60 days to 250-270 days. (Table 1).

Table 1

Productivity of vegetative mass of siderates method method method method method

According to the proposed method, the number of technological operations of growing siderats decreased by 4 times, which in turn will have a positive effect on the mechanical load on the soil. Thus, according to the proposed method, there is no need to plow the soil, pre-sowing cultivation and sowing seeds. At the same time, it should be noted that the costs of growing siderats by the proposed method are reduced by 4.2 times.

Table 2

Analysis of costs for growing siderats

Technological and organizational Technological and organizational m Costs UAH/ha 5. Costs UAH/ha operations operations

Single stubble dehusking Double stubble dehusking 1080

Soil re-plowing 1200 nn shi 1200 nn shi

Pre-sowing cultivation with 920 simultaneous harrowing

Seeds 77777711 Ї111111700 11111111 -11111111111Ї111- 4560 1080

SOURCES OF INFORMATION: 1. Boyko P.I., Kovalenko N.P. How to choose and use siderate correctly. Offer. 2017. Mo. 1. P. 104-107. 2. Orekhivskyi V.D. Formation and development of the scientific basis of the use of sideral crops in organic agriculture of Ukraine. History of science and biography. 2017.

Claims (1)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA The method of growing siderats, which includes husking the stubble, which differs in that the stubble is peeled twice, and as seeds of siderats, the grain lost during harvesting is used, the duration of which is grown for 250-270 days.