UA141528U - SYSTEM OF LOW-ORBIT SATELLITE COMMUNICATION WITH FC-ARCHITECTURE - Google Patents

Abstract

The system of low-orbit satellite communication with FC-architecture contains artificial satellites of the Earth, each of which operates in orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, intersatellite communication, a network of ground communication stations and control of artificial satellites of the Earth, low-orbit space -system), which includes a group of root (leading) satellites and satellite repeaters (slave). A microgroup of repeater satellites is formed around each root satellite. The functions of the root satellite in the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini- or microsatellites, which are connected to the ring network by communication lines between the satellites. The functions of satellite repeaters are performed by kubsats. Additionally, a multilevel system of boundary clouds was introduced, which is a heterogeneous distributed computing cloud structure.

Description

The utility model belongs to the field of mobile telecommunications, namely satellite communication systems, and can be used to provide communication between low-orbit spacecraft and ground stations and users of satellite services.

The need to provide information via the communication channel of the leading satellite to subscribers located in the territory covered by the leading satellite, the coordinates of which may be at a nearby point, arises as a result of the need to provide information to such subscribers. This also leads to the expansion of the number of subscribers served by the information source connected to the channel of the leading satellite.

Known patent KO 2549832 "Method of space communication", IPC NO4B 7/185, publ. 10.03.2014, which includes two or more geostationary communication satellites, intersatellite two-way communication lines, ground communication points and command and measurement points (1). The method consists in equipping guided satellites with radio navigation equipment and a navigation and traffic control system. Management of the controlled satellites and control over their technical condition is carried out with the help of the leading satellite, which is constantly located in the visibility zones of at least one ground command and measurement point and a ground communication point - the antipode to the addressable ground communication points.

The known method includes performing the following operations: installation of sets of receiving and transmitting equipment, radio navigation software equipment on satellites; carrying out planning and registration of work positions, flight task planning; output of the guided satellite to the calculated longitude; conducting trajectory measurements and calculation and implementation of the preliminary plan of corrections to bring the satellite to the given orbital position.

With the help of radio navigation equipment and on-board systems, which includes a set of algorithmic programs for ensuring the satellite's flight, which are responsible for the autonomous "landing" of the guided satellite to a given orbital position and keeping it in this position for a given time or during the period of active existence. Control of the controlled satellite and control over its technical condition is carried out with the help of the controlled satellite.

For the functioning of the known system of radio navigation and information transmission, which is based on radio navigation equipment, it is necessary to create a data transmission channel or a communication channel.

The disadvantage of the known solution is that such a channel, when using a standard frequency in a satellite system for servicing intersatellite communication, can affect other communication channels and distort the signal and, accordingly, affect the quality of the transmission.

The closest analog to a useful model is the technical solution (21), in which the low-orbit satellite communication system represents a grouping of low-orbiting spacecraft (GEO-system) with a "distributed satellite" architecture and which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and satellites- repeaters (led). A microgroup of repeater satellites is formed around each root satellite, which is called a "distributed satellite". The functions of the root satellite in the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini- or micro-satellites, and the functions of relay satellites are performed by cubesats. The root satellites are connected to each other in a ring network by high-speed communication lines between the satellites. The geometric size of the "distributed satellite" is the area around the root satellite with a radius of approximately 1 km. This means that cubesats perform a group flight at a distance of no more than 1 km from the root satellite.

The space segment of the GEO system consists of several orbital planes that have the same number of distributed satellites, the same way, and differ in the longitude of the ascending node. In each orbital plane, distributed satellites are evenly spaced with the same relative true anomaly, while each distributed satellite is associated with two neighboring distributed satellites in its orbital plane and with two nearest distributed satellites in two neighboring orbital planes - one in each orbital plane.

The disadvantage of the known solution is that it does not specify the architecture of the intersatellite communication channel, which does not allow to evaluate its technical characteristics and, accordingly, the technical capabilities of the low-orbit satellite radio communication system for providing quality services in integrated communication networks 50 and IoT. In addition, for the implementation in the space segment of the GEO system of the EC architecture, a separate satellite computer is included in the composition of the "distributed satellite", the task of which is to perform the necessary calculations to ensure the functioning of the maintenance of devices (OT within the service area of the "distributed satellite". Such a solution does not provide flexibility and high reliability of the system in case of network overloads and failure of a separate computing satellite.

The basis of the useful model is the task of improving the low-orbit satellite communication system to reduce the delay in transmitting signals to consumers and the probability of network overload.

The task is solved by the fact that in the system of low-orbit satellite communication, which includes artificial satellites of the Earth, each of which functions in a near-Earth orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, intersatellite communication, a network of ground stations for communication and control of artificial satellites of the Earth, groups low-orbit spacecraft (GEO-system), which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and relay satellites (slaves), a micro-grouping of relay satellites is formed around each root satellite, and the functions of the root satellite at the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini- or microsatellites, which are connected in a ring network by communication lines between satellites, while the functions of relay satellites are performed by cubesats, according to a useful model, a multi-level system of boundary clouds is additionally introduced, which is a heterogeneous distributed computing cloud structure.

The proposed multi-level system uses four levels of computing with heterogeneous capabilities. At the same time, the first level of the system is picoclouds with small computing capabilities and memory, directly connected to gateways and main devices of the satellite network service area. The second level uses a more efficient cloud in terms of computing capabilities and memory - a micro-cloud. Each micro-cloud is connected to and controls a group of pico-clouds by means of an ultra-high-speed wireless connection in the terahertz range. Each macro-cloud in the third layer is connected to a fixed number of micro-clouds and controls them using high-speed wireless connections in the terahertz range. The level of the main cloud is located in the core of the "distributed satellite" (root satellite), has powerful computing capabilities and memory. The main cloud connects to all macro-clouds, manages and monitors them.

In addition, the main cloud is used as a gateway to public clouds.

The essence of the useful model is explained by the drawings in fig. 1 and fig. 2.

In fig. 1 shows the implementation scheme of the proposed low-orbit satellite communication system of the 5OLOt network. On her:

Zo 1 - root satellite; 2, Z, 4, 5 - relay satellites; 6 - feeder lines; 7 - satellite communication system service area; 8 - picocloud of the cloud structure; 9 - micro-cloud cloud structure; 10 - macro-cloud cloud structure; 11 - the main cloud of the cloud structure; 12 - intersatellite transmission line.

In fig. 2 shows the cloud structure of the network's low-orbit satellite system

IoT/50. On it: 13 - the peak level of the cloud structure; 14 - the micro-cloud level of the cloud structure; 15 - macro-cloud level of the cloud structure; 16 - the level of the main cloud of the cloud structure.

The scheme of operation of the "distributed satellite" as part of the low-orbit satellite communication system of the 50LOoT network works as follows.

The information and intellectual core of the distributed satellite is the root satellite 1 (see Fig. 1). Repeater satellites 2, 3, 4, 5 of the distributed satellite form a beam/beams of users with a limited service area. The set of beams formed by relay satellites make up the service area of 7 I EO-system.

Requirements for the integral service area of the I EO system (geographical service area) determine the requirements for the number of distributed satellites in the system as a whole.

Feeder lines b provide the connection of the root satellite with the repeater satellites and are designed to transmit the transport digital stream of the appropriate format to the end users. Feeder line 6 between the root satellite and the repeater satellite is an internal communication line between the satellites as part of the distributed satellite.

This line is a combined radio line that provides duplex information transmission, measurement of slant range and mutual angular position between the root satellite 1 and repeater satellites 2, 3, 4, 5.

Distributed satellites in the GEO system are connected to each other by intersatellite lines of 12 terahertz communication, which form the trunk network of the GEO system. Each distributed satellite is associated with two neighboring distributed satellites in its orbital plane and with two nearest distributed satellites in two neighboring orbital planes - one in each orbital plane. As part of a distributed satellite, the functions of supporting the communication line between satellites are assigned to the root satellite I, which is equipped with feeder line modules 6 and the corresponding high-frequency transceivers of repeater satellites.

The proposed multi-level system for the low-orbit satellite radio communication system of the 50/OT network represents the development of cloud computing systems for communication networks from a centralized system to a heterogeneous distributed system.

The essence of the new approach to the construction of a multi-level cloud system for low-orbit satellite communication networks (see Fig. 2) is that the interaction devices of the service area of individual repeater satellites 2, C are connected to picoclouds of the 8th level of the picocloud 13 of the cloud structure with sufficiently small computational capabilities to perform boundary calculations. These picoclouds 8, in turn, are connected to micro-clouds 9 of the micro-cloud level 14 of the cloud structure, which are connected to individual relay satellites 2, C and have more powerful computing capabilities. Each micro-cloud 9 has a connection with a fixed number of pico-clouds 8, and in turn, each group of micro-clouds 9 is connected to a macro-cloud 10 of the macro-cloud 15 level of the cloud structure, which is more capable of processing and storing data. Macro-cloud 10 is used for those operations that cannot be performed by micro-clouds 9. Each macro-cloud 10 also contains a controller for connecting micro-clouds 9. Macro-clouds 10 also represent gateways for interaction of micro-clouds 9 with the network core if necessary. Each macro-cloud 10 is connected to a fixed number of micro-clouds 9 and controls them using wireless high-speed connections in the terahertz range. The main cloud 11 of the level of the main cloud 16 of the cloud structure connects to all macro-clouds 10, controls and monitors them and which connects to the root satellite 1. The core of the "distributed satellite" (root satellite) ensures the interaction of the macro-clouds 10 in system as a whole. The proposed system reduces the delay in the transmission of signals to consumers and the probability of network overload, while simultaneously increasing

Because of the flexibility of its construction and availability.

According to a useful model, the four cloud levels 13, 14, 15, 16 are connected by ultra-high-speed wireless radio communication lines in the terahertz range. This construction includes the use of wireless optical communication systems (RIMMI), which are one of the most important features of future 50/LoT networks. At the same time, the distance between the equipment intended for the user and the nearest cloud in the network is only one wireless transition. This allows for reduced data transmission latency and the likelihood of network congestion, increased network availability, and improved security as applications are delivered to users within the network.

The claimed multi-level system is used as follows.

The uploading of data from the user to the cloud level in the proposed solution includes three component delays: delay on the uplink and downlink, propagation delay and information processing delay.

To estimate the access time in "fog computing", an access model in "humane computing" with the resolution of collisions of data sources implementing polling mode is proposed. In a polling mode system, there is a central node (router, gateway, or server) and a certain number of data sources that, due to dynamic changes, are "unknown" to the node in advance. Data sources start data transfer only when requested by the central node. If the data sources do not have a data packet prepared for transmission, then a special logical mechanism of the data sources forms an identification packet containing a unique identification number of the data sources. The task of the central node is to identify all data sources that are in its service area and, if the data sources have data to transmit, then accept them.

The survey process is a time interval that is divided into blocks - windows. Windows are unfixed segments of time, the size of which is determined by the number of slots into which it is divided. The slot size is a fixed value for each data source. Since a slot is also a time interval, its size is determined by the speed of data transmission from data sources to the node, that is, it is determined by the equipment used in the system.

Then the total delay for transmission on the uplink and downlink (Tu, Ty) can be calculated based on the following equations |Z1:

TU-(1--Myo)(ObB/My), (1) 10) Ta-(1 nya Mpo)(Or/My), (2)

where Myo and Mpo are the transmission rates for the uplink and downlink lines, respectively, at which a denial of service occurs, Oh and Yup are the total number of transmitted bits on the uplink and downlink lines, respectively, and finally, My and My are the data transfer rates for the uplink and downlink lines respectively.

The propagation delay, T, is a function of distance and can be calculated as follows:

TAVo/M, (3) where Vo is the distance between the mobile user and the cloud, and M is the propagation speed.

The delay due to data processing is based on the number of necessary operations and the speed of information processing by the processor in the cloud. The delay due to Tor data processing is calculated as follows:

Tog is M/Mrgos, (4) where M is the total number of required operations and Mros is the speed of the cloud processor. Summarizing all of the above, the total delay can be calculated as the sum of these three delays.

Then the total delay of uploading data to the Taz cloud is calculated as follows:

Tgad- GA Gaya GA Gos, (5)

Accordingly, the full cycle of interaction of M data sources and the central node is T-M t ha.

If each data source averages 7 packets per second, then if there are M data sources in the system, the total intensity of the data flow will be XM packets per second, and the average interval between their arrivals will be 1/LM. Therefore, in order to avoid the unlimited growth of queues, the service time of T;ad must meet the condition:

Tgaa1/XM, (6)

Solving (6) under the condition Me--My regarding the required data transfer rate for the uplink and downlink radio lines M-M-My, we will obtain the condition of guaranteeing the absence of a queue for each data source and, accordingly, it is possible to formulate the requirements for the bandwidth of the radio channel.

Based on the last expression, we can say that the total delay mainly depends on the distance. Thus, in the case of the introduction of macro-clouds, the delay is less than the delay when using network core resources.

The introduction of the macro-cloud level on relay satellites and the provision of macro-cloud interconnection using wireless high-speed radio transmission systems in the terahertz range also allows using a new way of offloading traffic. which, when used together with the 020 device-device interaction technology, significantly improves the service quality characteristics of the 5O/Lot network.

The simulation results showed that compared to the traditional solution for building the core of the Emoimei RasKkeyi Soge network, based on version 15 of ZORR, the proposed solution provides a reduction in round-trip delay by an average of 50-60 95.

Sources of information: 1. Patent KO 2549832, НО4В 7/185. The method of space communication / Afanasyev S.M., Ankudynov

A.V. Patentee "Information Satellite Systems" named after Academician M.F.

Reshetneva. published 27.02.2007. 2. Patent for utility model 134409 Ukraine, НО4-В 7/185 System of low-orbit satellite communication/ T.M. Narytnyk, V.G. Saiko, G.L. Avdeyenko, V.Ya. Kazimirenko, Sarapulov

S.V.; Applicant and patent owner of NTUU "KPI named after Igor Sikorsky"; statement 29.12. 2018; published 05/10/2019 // Bul. Mo 9.

Z. MykNegieve, A.A. Routeg apa Iaepsu Amage Siotsaei Zeiesiop Bigaiedu yog Miyi-Siotsaei

Epmigoptepi // IEEEE Tgapsaziiop5 op Siotsa Sotrshiiipdo Mad., wushu 2016. - My. 1.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A system of low-orbital satellite communication with EC-architecture, which includes artificial Earth satellites, each of which functions in a near-Earth orbit and is equipped with on-board repeaters, intersatellite communication, a network of ground stations for communication and control of artificial Earth satellites, a group of low-orbital spacecraft (I EoO system), which includes a grouping of root (leading) satellites and repeater satellites (followers), a micro grouping of repeater satellites is formed around each root satellite, and the functions of the root satellite at the selected phase point of the orbital plane of the working orbit are performed by mini- or microsatellites, which are connected in a ring network by communication lines between satellites, while the functions of relay satellites are cubesats, which is distinguished by the fact that a multi-level system of boundary clouds is additionally introduced, which is a heterogeneous distributed computing cloud structure. 2. The system of low-orbit satellite communication with EC-architecture according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the boundary clouds of the multi-level system are connected by means of ultra-high-speed wireless radio communication lines of the terahertz range and wireless optical communication systems. p t Z i NN ZONY - ho shi still | I on p ENN and I xx, ZD ron an essay 7 ; ги я г Z их оо я 7 вх Z ve de tod dooh 7 s і 5 х і х х kore, We і і schoyi g saVe a mno va m. SHK No che NN і "M Shu become evil Ak knives nt i BV V Z 7 Bash x x dk S she ve esh pek SHA y kim ni Z In o V PV Fig. 1 ie a y u M p i ia a NY - 5 I she " Z U eV PYLIP PPP gu. dop PY oKZHKNE ne Y uh, x sec Myh S eh ek em IV i t V; T, Z Z я х х. y eh y KU Z v Kn I zh i V U y Ш she EH BO y Ba Kut, Ve scha pf det t » ye sho za: keV M AV B pen Shk i zh Zones y "E Mech ve Kz a SHE i 3 sya I o y i b r den v A p o p shi a m p p OK xx h i -x Fig. 2