UA137701U - HIGH COMPRESSION COMPACT COMPRESSOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A compressor with a low pressure inlet and a high pressure outlet in the compressor housing is characterized by the fact that it is covered by a casing, and the space between this casing and the compressor forms a feedback channel connected to the compressor outlet and inlet.

Description

The utility model belongs to the field of development and use of compressors (further on this term also includes pumps) for liquid and gas (also pumps), in particular, to the use of compressors in gas turbine installations (GTU).

Known compressors, the common features of which are the use of a sealed housing with a low-pressure inlet and a high-pressure outlet(s). The most common type of such compressors are vane compressors. One of the disadvantages of this type is the need to use several stages to obtain a high degree of compression and, as a result, significant dimensions (axial compressors) or increased hydro-aerodynamic losses (radial and diagonal compressors).

The technical result of the useful model is the provision of a high degree of compression with smaller dimensions and resistance to surge.

For compressors of radial and diagonal types, such characteristics can be obtained in one cascade without increasing the speed of rotation of the working body. A single-stage compressor usually has a short shaft, which allows: to further increase the degree of compression, increasing the speed of rotation of the shaft while maintaining acceptable dynamic loads.

These properties of the claimed compressor eliminate the significant shortcomings of known compressors, preserving all their positive features.

The specified result is achieved due to the fact that the proposed compressor uses a specific way of organizing the work flow - part of the output flow of the compressor is returned to its input, forming a return flow (RO).

The design of the declared compressor with a reverse flow (KZP) in a simplified form contains a compressor 1 (Kr) with an outlet 2 in the outer casing 3, which covers the Kr. The inner part of the casing together with the outer part of the Kr body forms channel 4 ZP.

Any device that has a separate low-pressure inlet and high-pressure outlet(s) can be used as a Kr.

The ejector (ejector pump) at the inlet consists of an inlet nozzle 5 Kr and a concentric nozzle of the external flow 6 in the casing 3, receiving two input flows: the ejecting (high-pressure) return flow from the input 5 and the ejected (low-pressure) flow from the external input 6. The ejector pump, which is necessary to separate the external and return flows, prevents the penetration of high-pressure fluid into the external inlet 3 with a lower

With pressure, it contributes to the increase (suction) of the external flow, increasing the output flow of the KZP equal to it in mass.

The exit of the KZP is the annular gap 7 between the casing and the back cover of the Kr/KkZP.

The main part of the KZP is Kr, which has minor structural differences only in the shape of the case from compressors that are widely used in practice. An additional part of the KZP - casing C has a rather simple appearance.

The resistance of KZP to surging is provided by the shunting action of the ZP tract. This shunting is explained by the lower hydro-aerodynamic resistance of the ZP tract due to its simpler geometry than for the direct flow channel in Kr, as well as the resistance of the rotating Kr impeller and the inertial resistance of the direct flow to changing its direction of movement.

An increase in the degree of compression, and accordingly - power consumption, is achieved in the KZP due to an increase in the mass of the working fluid circulating inside the compressor.

The calculations confirmed the high efficiency of the KZP and the possibility of increasing the compression ratio by 10 or more times even for the given non-optimized model with a single-stage reciprocating compressor.

The dimensions of the KZP are little different from the dimensions of the Kr (the latter can be single-stage for most applications of the KZP), and the hydro-aerodynamic resistance of its ZP tract is less than for the return guide devices of multi-stage compressors. To straighten or twist the ZP, you can use ribs on the inner surface or channels inside the wall of the casing 3, if necessary, they can be extended up to the inner surface of the entrance 5.

The casing can be rotating with vanes inside. Such a transformed centrifugal cascade of the compressor provides additional compression of the working fluid in the same dimensions of the KZP.

This cascade can alternatively act as a turbine when connected to Kr through the combustion chamber. In both cases, the ZP channel must have a minimum gap between the outer edges of the casing blades and the Kr body to ensure efficient operation.

If the compressor is a part of the GTU, then, in addition to the usual connection of the turbine, it is possible to connect turbines with two outputs, one of which enters the ZP loop together with its turbine, the second output belongs to the other turbine and is directed outside to create an open circuit of the working flow.

Claims (2)

USEFUL MODEL FORMULA 1. A compressor with a low-pressure inlet and a high-pressure outlet in the compressor body, which is characterized by the fact that it is surrounded by a casing, and the space between this casing and the compressor forms a return channel connected to the compressor outlet and inlet. 2. The compressor according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the casing, which covers it, has blades inside, is rotating and acts as a centrifugal turbine or the second stage of the compressor. and H and H and ; E N I 3 N N Her i N Ch i, U i «y ! / pr yo yo - uniyu : i