UA113639C2 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BRIQUETT PRODUCTION - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a briquette containing carbon media (2), and the carbon media (2) with the bonding system (3) are mixed with the addition of water vapor, and the resulting mixture is pressed into briquettes. In this case, at least one of the steps: drying the carbon media (2) before mixing, setting the temperature of the carbon media (2) to be mixed with the binding system (3), before mixing in a certain temperature range, heat treatment of the briquettes after pressing, carried out by by direct or indirect interaction with superheated water vapor. The spent steam released during the interaction is used at least as a partial amount of water vapor supplied by mixing. A device for carrying out this method comprises a device for direct or indirect interaction with water vapor from which the exhaust gas pipeline exits, which directly or indirectly enters the mixing device.

Description

The field of technology

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing briquettes containing carbon carriers, and carbon carriers with a binding system are mixed with the addition of steam, and the resulting mixture is pressed into briquettes.

Technical level

In the past, briquetting of hard coal served primarily for the production of lumpy carbon carriers from coal fines for use as fuel for heating the house or in industrial layer furnaces. Therefore, numerous methods for briquetting coal are known. Coal briquetting is of great importance to the SOKEKHU/RIMEH method for making liquid iron, as this method is based on a fixed bed process, in which the fixed bed is formed using lumpy carbon media.

In this method, characterized by the technical term "reduction-smelting process", lumpy carbon media together with partially reduced iron media and additives are poured onto the surface of the stationary layer of the so-called melting gas generator. In the smelter gasifier, the partially reduced iron carriers are fully recovered, and molten iron and molten slag are produced, which are discharged from time to time through the outlet. The heat required for the melting process is supplied by gasification of lumpy carbon media with the help of oxygen. The hot gases that arise in this case penetrate the stationary layer with the return of heat and leave the stationary layer on the surface of the stationary layer. In countercurrent to the hot gases, molten iron and molten slag seep into the stationary layer and collect in its lowest region, the so-called sump.

These processes require sufficient permeability of the stationary layer, which depends on the particle size composition of the lumped carbon media when loaded onto the surface of the stationary layer and the grain stability of the lumped carbon media under the conditions that occur on the surface of the stationary layer or in the stationary layer. Therefore, the granulometric composition of lumpy carbon media when loaded onto the surface of a stationary layer should have a fairly large part of the coarse fraction and a limited share of the fine fraction. Suitable for loading lumpy carbon media granulometric composition, established from the source material

From the carbon media by sorting, it should not be significantly destroyed due to mechanical stress during actions with it up to loading on the surface of the stationary layer.

In addition, the particle size composition of lumpy carbon media under the conditions that occur on the surface of the stationary layer or in the stationary layer should preserve a fairly large part of the coarse fraction and a limited amount of the fine fraction. The ability of a lumped carbon carrier to resist the destruction of its grain during actions with it up to loading on the surface of a stationary layer is designated as cold strength, the ability of a lumped carbon carrier to resist the destruction of its grain under the conditions that occur on or in a stationary layer is designated as hot strength.

In the SOKEHF/RIMEHO method for the production of liquid cast iron, hard coal is usually used as a carbon carrier. Standard hard coal has, as a rule, a proportion of 30-70 95 coarse fraction, which can be directly loaded as lumpy carbon carriers. In order to be able to also use the fate of the fine fraction in lumpy carbon media, briquetting is proposed. In contrast to pieces of hard coal, in the case of which cold and hot strength are natural properties, during briquetting, the cold and hot strength of produced briquettes of lumpy carbon media can be favorably influenced by the type of method used and features of its execution. 3 05 6332911, MO 200250219, UMO 2004020555, UMO 2005071119, UMO 9901583, MO 2010081620 known methods of coal briquetting in connection with the SOKEKH-U/RIMEKHU method. They mention a large number of possible binding systems for this purpose, including starch and polymers. In the mentioned publications, the binder in liquid form is mixed with briquetted coal. Starch and polymers - particularly PMA - which range in consistency from solid granular to powdery, must, however, be mixed with large proportions of water - 1 part dry binder to at least 10 parts water or more to produce a workable liquid binder. 'a laxative. With very small additions of water, uniform distribution of the binding agent in the coal is difficult to achieve. Lumps form easily. Due to this, the binding capacity of the binding agent is reduced, which should then be compensated by a larger amount of applicable binding agent. However, it is not desirable for cost reasons. If the proportion of water in the binder is increased for this reason, then although it can be better distributed in the coal, this 60 leads to a very raw mixture that is difficult to briquetting, because the raw mixture,

due to its adhesiveness, when pressing briquettes, it is more prone to the formation of bridges, and therefore briquettes often hang in the forms of presses.

However, in order to use briquettes in the SOKEKHU/RIMEHO method for the production of liquid iron, it is necessary to control the briquetting process not only in terms of optimizing the strength of the briquettes, but also in terms of limiting the moisture content of the briquettes before use for the production of liquid iron.

05 1121325 also disclosed a mixture of starch in powder form with coal with the simultaneous use of steam. However, water vapor must first be produced at high costs, which reduces the cost-effectiveness of the method.

Documents 5 3018227 A, 05 4557733 A, 05 1871104 A describe the use of steam in the briquette manufacturing environment, in any case, no spent steam from other stages of the method is supplied at the stage of mixing carbon carriers and the binding system.

The essence of the invention

Technical task

The task of this invention is to present a method and a device for the manufacture of briquettes, which, when using water vapor for mixing carbon media and binding systems, provide the possibility of economical implementation of the method.

Technical solution

This problem is solved by a method for making briquettes that contain carbon carriers, and carbon carriers with a binding system are mixed with the addition of water vapor, and the resulting mixture is pressed into briquettes.

The method according to the invention is distinguished by the fact that at least one of the stages from the group is performed, which includes - drying of the carbon media before mixing, - setting the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binding system, before mixing in the specified temperature range, - heat treatment of the briquettes after pressing, and - drying of carbon carriers before mixing and/or

Zo - heat treatment of briquettes after pressing and/or - setting the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binding system, before mixing in the specified temperature range, is carried out by means of direct or indirect interaction with superheated water steam, and the spent steam released during the interaction , are used at least as a partial amount of water vapor added during mixing.

Carbon carriers are preferably carbon carriers with a grain size of less than 4 mm, determined by sieve analysis. Such carbon carriers in this application are designated as coal fines.

Preferably, the carbon carriers contain coal, especially preferably hard coal, even more preferably the carbon carriers are hard coal. Carbon media may also include or consist of coke, petroleum coke, carbon-containing dust, carbon-containing sludge. A single type of carbon carrier can be used, for example, a single type of coal or hard coal, or a mixture of different types of carbon carriers, for example, different types of coal or hard coal. By the type of carbon carriers, we mean carbon carriers of the same source of origin or carbon carriers of the same degree of coalification (cementation), or, for example, only metallurgical coal or only thermal coal. Different types of carbon carriers should be understood as, for example, carbon carriers of different origins or carbon carriers with different degrees of coalification, or, for example, metallurgical coal and thermal coal.

In the method according to the invention, carbon carriers are processed into briquettes, while carbon carriers with a binding system are mixed with the addition of steam, and the resulting mixture is pressed into briquettes.

Due to the use of water vapor, with the same application of the binding system, in comparison with the method without the use of water vapor, significantly higher strength of the briquettes is achieved.

Water vapor - or its properties, that is, its quality - which is added during mixing, affects the properties of the resulting briquettes - for example, due to the amount of water introduced into the mixture, or due to the amount of energy introduced. The quality of water vapor in relation to the energy content and water content per quantitative unit of measurement of steam can be determined, for example, due to the degree of overheating in superheated steam or due to the degree of condensation in moist steam. For this, water vapors of different quality can be mixed. Also, the amount of water vapor added and/or the duration of the addition can set the mixing in terms of optimizing the quality of the briquettes.

The binding system includes at least one binding agent and, if necessary, other substances, for example, a solvent for the binding agent. A binder in this regard is a material with which finely divided solids, such as powders, stick together.

According to one embodiment, the binding agent is hardly soluble substances; Hardly soluble means a substance that, for complete dissolution at 20 "С, requires a ratio of mass parts of water to a binder equal to/greater than 5 to 1.

The binding agent is, for example, starch or polyvinyl acetate PMA. For example, water-soluble starch can be used as a binding system.

In the method according to the invention, at least one of the stages from the group of stages is performed, which consists of - drying of the carbon media before mixing, - setting the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binding system, before mixing in the specified temperature range, - heat treatment of the briquettes after pressing .

If the carbon carriers have a moisture content that is too high to produce briquettes with an acceptable moisture content, according to the invention they are dried before mixing with the binding system. A moisture with a water content of less than/equal to 7 95 by mass is preferred, a moisture with a water content of less than/equal to 5 95 by weight is particularly preferred.

By setting the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binding system, the strength properties of the briquettes can be affected. Therefore, according to the invention, if necessary, before mixing, the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binding system is set in a certain temperature range, selected taking into account the desired strength properties.

The temperature of the carbon media primarily determines the amount of heat that must be added to the steam to establish the desired mixing temperature

From the binding system with carbon carriers. Depending on how much energy is extracted from the water vapor by heating the carbon media, condensation occurs to varying degrees. If the humidity of the mixture, changed, for example, with the help of this condensation, is in an adequate relation to the used amount of the binding system, then the strength of the briquettes has a beneficial effect.

According to the invention, if necessary, heat treatment is carried out - for example, heating, which can be single-stage or multi-stage, of briquettes after pressing. With the help of heat treatment, the strength properties of the briquettes are influenced in the sense of strengthening.

According to the invention, at least one of the stages of the method: - drying of the carbon media before mixing, - heat treatment of the briquettes after pressing, - setting the temperature of the carbon media to be mixed with the binder system before mixing in a certain temperature range is carried out using direct or indirect interaction with superheated steam.

With direct interaction, superheated water vapor and carbon carriers or briquettes come into physical contact, and heat transfer is carried out.

With indirect interaction, superheated water vapor and carbon carriers or briquettes do not materially come into contact; heat transfer is carried out, for example, through a wall.

After the completion of one or more tasks: - drying of carbon media before mixing, - heat treatment of briquettes after pressing, - setting the temperature of carbon media to be mixed with the binder system before mixing to a certain temperature range, the so-called spent gas is released with the help of superheated steam steam with a lower temperature than superheated steam.

Mixing can be carried out during periodic feeding of material or during continuous feeding of material.

Heat treatment should be understood as providing heat, i.e. heating, but not removing heat, i.e. cooling. for the Prevailing Effects of the Invention

According to the invention, the spent steam, which is released during direct or indirect interaction, is used at least as a partial amount of steam added during mixing. In this way, all or part of the exhaust steam emitted can be used. Due to this, the cost-effectiveness of the method increases, since the spent steam is energetically and materially used for heating and as a solvent for the binding system during mixing.

According to the preferred embodiment, in the method according to the invention, the binding system in a solid state, preferably dry, is mixed with carbon carriers. In this way, the binder system can be better mixed with the carbon carriers than when, for example, a viscous binder system was used.

According to another form of execution, the binding system in a liquid state is mixed with carbon carriers; this is used specifically in the presence of liquid binder systems.

According to another embodiment, the binder system is mixed with the carbon carriers in the first mixing stage to obtain the premix and water vapor is added to the premix in the second mixing stage. Then the water vapor falls on the already largely homogenized mixture of carbon carriers and the binding system.

According to another embodiment, the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture at the entrance to the second stage of mixing is set in a certain temperature range. It can also be used to influence the properties of the resulting briquettes, as discussed above.

According to another embodiment, the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture is set by setting the temperature of the carbon media supplied to the first stage of mixing to a specified temperature interval. Then the premix does not have to be additionally heated in the mixing device in which it is prepared, which means lower equipment costs.

According to another form of execution, regulation and/or control of the second stage of mixing is carried out by changing at least one of the parameters from the group consisting of the following

From the members: - amount (mass) - in periodic mode of operation, - for example, in kg, or mass flow (consumption) - in continuous mode of operation, - for example, in kg/unit of time, of carbon carriers, - inlet temperature of carbon carriers with of the first stage of mixing or the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture in the second stage of mixing, - the inlet humidity of the carbon media from the first stage of mixing or the inlet humidity of the previous mixture, - the mass of added water vapor in relation to the mass of the carbon media, - the pressure and/or temperature of the water added steam - the addition of water, preferably in the desired ratio to the mass of carbon media in the second stage of mixing, - the mass of water vapor - in the periodic mode of operation, - for example, in kg, or the mass flow (consumption) of water vapor - in the continuous mode of work, - for example, in kg/unit of time, - duration of addition of water vapor, preferably duration from 0.5 to 30 min., especially preferably from 2 to 7 min.

The mass of water vapor added in relation to the mass of carbon media at the second stage of mixing is preferably regulated using one of the following parameters: - mass of water vapor - in periodic mode of operation - for example, in kg - mass flow (consumption) of water vapor - in continuous mode of operation - for example, in k/unit of time, - duration of adding water vapor - in intermittent mode of operation - preferably duration from 0.5 to 30 min., especially preferably from 2 to 7 min. - in continuous mode of operation time the presence of water vapor and/or the previous mixture at the second stage of mixing.

If in the periodic mode of operation due to the duration of the addition of water vapor, the mass of added water vapor is regulated in relation to the mass of the carbon media at the second stage of mixing, then this implies, of course, that the prevailing mass flow of steam at this time is known.

According to another form of execution, with at least one member of the group consisting of the following members:

- setting the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture at the entrance to the second stage of mixing in the specified temperature range, - setting the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture by setting the temperature of the carbon media supplied to the first stage of mixing in the specified temperature range, direct or indirect interaction with water vapor is carried out. In this case, superheated steam is predominantly used.

According to another embodiment, the waste steam released during this interaction is used at least as a fraction of the water vapor added during mixing.

This has the advantage that it is materially and energetically reintroduced into the method.

Preferably, the binding system contains starch. Starch is cheap and readily available and environmentally friendly.

According to another form of execution, the binding system contains at least one component from the group consisting of the following members: - synthetic polymers, - monomers that polymerize under the conditions of the second stage of mixing into synthetic polymers, - monomers that polymerize under the conditions of drying the obtained when pressing briquettes into synthetic polymers.

Synthetic polymers should be understood, for example, as follows: - styrene-butadiene copolymers, - acrylates, - thermoplastics and synthetic resins, for example, such as: - polystyrene, - polyethylene, - polyvinyl alcohol, - polyethylene wax, - phenolic resin, - xylene-formaldehyde resin, - polyurethanes, for example, such as

Zo - polyester, - polyisocyanates.

Preferably, the binding system contains polyvinyl acetate. Polyvinyl acetate is light and available in large quantities and, for example, according to item 12 of the method, can be produced during the implementation of the method for making cast iron.

According to another form of execution, components are added to the carbon carriers that increase the hot strength of the briquettes in an amount from 1 to 10 95 by weight, in relation to the weight of the carbon carriers, which are supplied for mixing. At the same time, we can talk, for example, about bitumen in granular form or in the form of droplet spraying, dust/sludge from metallurgical processes, coal with hot strength, increased relative to carbon media.

According to another form of execution of the corresponding invention of the method, the mixture, before it is pressed into briquettes, is subjected to preliminary agglomeration. Pressing the pre-agglomerated mixture provides advantages in terms of briquette properties, in particular, higher density, which leads to stronger briquettes.

Another subject of this application is the use of briquettes produced according to the corresponding method of the invention in a method for the production of cast iron during the gasification of carbon media.

Preferably, the waste heat released in the method of making cast iron during the gasification of carbon media is used to obtain at least a partial amount of water vapor used in the method according to the invention.

Another subject of this application is a method in which the binding system contains polyvinyl acetate, and the polyvinyl acetate is at least partially produced from monomers that are obtained with the help of synthesis gas, which is based on the exhaust gas that is released in the method of making iron according to the invention during the gasification of carbon media , during the conversion of synthesis gas CO under the action of acetic acid into vinyl acetate.

Another subject of this application is a device suitable for the implementation of the method according to the invention, with a mixing device for mixing carbon media with a binding system, and with a pressing device for pressing briquettes based on the mixture obtained from the mixing device, and the mixing device contains a pipeline for supplying water steam for supplying steam, 60 which is characterized in that there is at least one member of the group consisting of

- a drying device for drying carbon media, - a heat treatment device for heat treatment of briquettes, - a device for changing the temperature of carbon media before being introduced into the mixing device, and - a drying device and/or - a device for changing the temperature of carbon media before being introduced into the mixing device, or - a device thermal treatment for heat treatment of briquettes is a device for direct or indirect interaction with water vapor, which includes a water vapor supply pipeline for water vapor supply, and from which an exhaust steam pipeline exits, and the exhaust steam pipeline enters the water vapor supply pipeline and/or mixing device.

If in - drying devices and/or - devices for changing the temperature of carbon media before entering the mixing device, or - heat treatment devices for heat treatment of briquettes, the pressure in relation to the environment increases, then before and after the corresponding unit, pressure equalization gates are installed for the materials in appropriate aggregates, for example, carbon carriers, mixtures, briquettes.

For example, pressure equalization gates for briquettes are installed, if the pressure in the heat treatment device for heat treatment of briquettes is increased in relation to the environment.

The mixing device can operate intermittently or continuously.

The device for changing the temperature of the carbon media before entering the mixing device can be made, for example, as a heated chamber.

According to the preferred embodiment, the drying device is a device for changing the temperature of the carbon media before entering the mixing device. This reduces costs

From equipment, maintenance costs and investment and operating costs.

A heat treatment device for heat treatment of briquettes can be made, for example, as a heated chamber.

According to the form of execution, there is an accumulator of carbon media, from which the pipeline for the supply of carbon media enters the drying device. Preferably, the storage of carbon media is equipped with a device for changing the temperature of the carbon media located in the storage of carbon media. This ensures that no additional unit for changing the temperature of the carbon media is needed.

Preferably, the mixing device contains - a pre-mixing device for performing the first stage of mixing, - a pipeline for supplying a binder, which is included in the pre-mixing device, for adding a binder system to the pre-mixing device, - a pipeline for supplying carbon media, which is included in a pre-mixing device, for feeding carbon media, preferably carbon media from the drying device, into the pre-mixing device, - a final mixing device for the second stage of mixing, which includes a water vapor supply pipeline.

Preferably, the pre-mixing device has a device for changing the temperature of the pre-mix, which is in the pre-mixing device; for example, circulating with a heat carrier such as steam or heat carrier oil, or electric heating elements.

Preferably, there is a device for regulating and/or controlling the amount of water vapor that is introduced into the final mixing device per unit time and/or per unit amount of briquetting material. Thus, the effectiveness of the corresponding invention of the method is greatly increased due to the fact that the processing conditions are optimally matched with the briquetting mixture.

Preferably, at least one member of the group, which consists of the following members: - a device for changing the temperature of the preliminary mixture located in the premixing device, - a device for changing the temperature of the carbon media located in the storage of carbon media,

is a device for direct or indirect interaction with water vapor, with which the water vapor supply pipeline is connected to supply water vapor. In this way, you can perform temperature changes with the help of water vapor.

According to the execution forms, the waste steam pipeline enters the steam supply pipeline and/or the mixing device.

According to another embodiment, the exhaust steam pipeline enters the final mixing device.

According to another embodiment, in the mixing device, the pre-mixing device and the final mixing device are combined in one structural unit. This reduces equipment costs, maintenance costs, and investment and operating costs.

According to another embodiment, the device according to the invention also includes a device for preliminary agglomeration of the mixture created in the mixing device. It is then connected through the mixture supply pipeline to the mixing device and connected by the pre-agglomeration product outlet to the pressing device for pressing briquettes. Optionally, the mixture prepared in the mixing device is kneaded in the optionally available mixing device before being introduced into the pre-agglomeration device. This improves the consistency of the mixture for the briquetting process compared to the state after the pre-mixing device.

Within the framework of this application, it is understood that the term "steam" always refers to water vapor.

Brief description of the drawings

Next, the present invention is explained on the basis of the drawings schematically presented as an example.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 2 schematically shows the use of briquettes produced according to the invention in the method of producing cast iron during the gasification of carbon media, as well as the use of the released exhaust gas for the production of polyvinyl acetate.

Description of execution forms

Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention with a mixing device 1 for mixing carbon media 2 with a binding system 3. The device also includes a pressing device 4

For pressing briquettes based on the mixture obtained from the mixing device 1. The mixing device 1 has a water vapor supply pipeline 5 for supplying water vapor. In addition, there is a drying device b for drying carbon media 2 and a heat treatment device 7 for heat treatment of briquettes.

The drying device b is a device for indirect interaction with water vapor, and the heat treatment device 7 for heat treatment of briquettes is a device for direct interaction with water vapor; both include a corresponding steam supply pipe va, 865 for supplying steam, and both of them have a corresponding waste steam pipe 9a, 95, and the waste steam pipe 9a enters the steam supply pipe 5, and the waste steam pipe 96 enters the device 1 mix.

Carbon carriers 2, in this case a mixture of coal fines of different origin and different granulometric composition, are mixed in the mixing device 1 with the binding system 3, in this case starch powder, with the addition of water vapor. The resulting mixture is then pressed into briquettes in the pressing device 4. Drying in the drying device is carried out until the water content is less than/equal to 790 by mass. Drying of carbon media before mixing and heat treatment into briquettes after pressing is carried out with the help of superheated water vapor, which is supplied through pipelines 8a, 8b of water vapor supply. The spent steam that is released in this case is introduced through the spent steam pipeline 9a into the water vapor supply pipeline 5 and through the spent steam pipeline 95 into the mixing device 1, where it is a partial amount of water vapor added during mixing.

The mixing device 1 contains a pre-mixing device 10 for performing the first mixing stage and a final mixing device 11 for performing the second mixing stage. In the mixing device 1, the pre-mixing device 10 and the final mixing device 11 are combined into one structural unit. The pre-mixing device 10 includes a pipeline 12 for supplying the binding system C to the pre-mixing device 10. Also, the pre-mixing device 10 includes a pipeline 13 for the supply of carbon media for supplying carbon media C from the drying device 6 to the pre-mixing device 10. The final mixing device 11 includes a water vapor supply pipeline 5. At the first stage of mixing, the binder system C in the premixing device 10 is mixed with the carbon carriers 2 to obtain the preliminary mixture, and the preliminary mixture in the final mixing device 11 is subjected to the second stage of mixing with the addition of water vapor through the steam supply pipe 5. In the water vapor supply pipeline, there is a device 14 for regulating and/or controlling the amount of water vapor introduced into the final mixing device per unit of time and/or per unit of the amount of briquetting material. Thus, regulation and/or control of the second stage of mixing can be carried out by changing at least one of the parameters from the group consisting of the following members: - quantity (mass) - in periodic mode of operation - for example, in kg, or mass flow (consumption) - during continuous operation - for example, in kg/unit of time, of carbon carriers, - the inlet temperature of the carbon carriers from the first stage of mixing or the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture in the second stage of mixing, - the inlet humidity of the carbon carriers from the first stage of mixing or the inlet humidity of the preliminary mixture, - the mass of added water vapor in relation to the mass of carbon carriers, - the pressure and/or temperature of the added water vapor, - the addition of water is preferred in the desired ratio to the mass of carbon carriers in the second stage of mixing, - the mass of water vapor - with periodic operating mode - for example, in kg, or mass flow of water vapor - during continuous operation - for example, in k/unit of time, - duration addition of water vapor, preferably duration from 0.5 to 30 min., especially preferably from 2 to 7 min.

Similar devices for regulation and/or control are also in pipelines За, 9р of spent steam, but for the sake of clarity, the drawings are not shown.

The drying device 6 is simultaneously a device for changing the temperature of the carbon media before entering the mixing device. With the help of this drying device 6, the input temperature of the pre-mixing at the entrance to the second mixing stage can be set in a predetermined temperature range by setting the temperature of the carbon media 3 supplied to the first mixing stage in the specified temperature range. In addition to this, setting the pre-mixing inlet temperature (at

From the entrance to the second stage of mixing) in the specified temperature range can be carried out using the device 15 for changing the temperature of the mixture located in the pre-mixing device, which has a pre-mixing device. These settings of the premix inlet temperature at the entrance to the second mixing stage are carried out through indirect interaction with water vapor. The waste steam released during such an interaction can be used as a component of the steam that is fed to the final mixing device 11, which is not shown separately here for the sake of clarity of the drawing, as well as the steam supply pipeline for supplying steam to the device 15 .

Carbon carriers 2 from the storage 16 of carbon carriers, in which they accumulate before being fed to the mixer 6, are directed using the pipeline 17 for the supply of carbon carriers to the drying device. The accumulator 16 of carbon media is equipped with a device 18 for changing the temperature of the carbon media 2, the carbon media in the accumulator. This device 18 is also a device for indirect interaction with water vapor, which includes a water vapor supply pipeline for the supply of water vapor, specifically not shown for clarity of the drawing.

Before pressing the briquettes, preliminary agglomeration can be carried out using the device 28 for preliminary agglomeration of the mixture prepared in the mixing device 1.

Optionally, the mixture prepared in the mixing device 1 is kneaded in the optionally available mixing device 29 before being introduced into the device 28 for preliminary agglomeration.

The briquettes produced according to the invention are used in the method for the production of cast iron during the gasification of carbon media; in fig. 2 this is schematically presented for

SOVEH-U/RIMEHO-method. The briquettes taken from the heat treatment device 7, in which the briquettes harden, are fed into the coal hopper 19, which is also filled with lump coal 20. From the coal hopper 19, this material is fed to the melting gas generator 21. It is also fed with carbon carriers; during the gasification of, among other things, carbon media, liquid cast iron is obtained. Heat can be removed from the so-called generator gas taken from the melting gas generator 21 with the help of the heat exchanger 22 in order to prepare at least a partial amount of steam used in the method according to the invention.

The generator gas after treatment in the dedusting device, not shown for the sake of clarity, is used in the reduction unit 23, in which carbon carriers are generated, intended for introduction into the melting gas generator as a reduction gas. After flowing through the recovery unit

23, the so-called blast furnace (blast) gas 24 is taken from the reducing unit 23. Heat can also be taken from it, for example, with the help of a heat exchanger 25 in order to prepare at least a partial amount of steam used in the method according to the invention. In fig. 2 shows how, after passing through the heat exchanger 25, the cooled furnace gas - if necessary, after additional processing steps not shown in the drawing - is used as an exhaust gas 26 in the production 27 of the binder for the binding system used according to the invention. In this case, synthesis gas enriched with carbon monoxide is prepared from the exhaust gas, and polyvinyl acetate is produced by converting it with acetic acid and vinyl acetate.

Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail using the preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited to the disclosed examples, and other variants may be obtained by a person skilled in the art on this basis without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

LIST OF POSITION DESIGNATIONS

1 Mixing device 2 Carbon carriers

C Binding system 4 Pressing device 5 Water vapor supply pipeline 6 Drying device 7 Heat treatment device va, 865 Steam supply pipeline yes, 965 Waste steam pipeline 10 Pre-mixing device 11 Final mixing device 12 Binder supply pipeline 13 Supply pipeline of carbon carriers 14 Device for regulating and/or controlling the amount of water vapor introduced into the final mixing device, which occurs per unit of time and/or per unit of mass of the briquetting material

Zo 15 Device for changing the temperature of the preliminary mixture, which is in the premixing device 16 Accumulator of carbon media 17 Supply pipeline of carbon media 18 Device for changing the temperature of carbon media located in the accumulator of carbon media 19 Coal hopper 20 Lumpy coal 21 Melting gas generator 22 Heat exchanger 23 Recovery Unit 24 Furnace Gas 25 Heat Exchanger 26 Exhaust Gas 27 Binder Production 28 Pre-Sintering Device 29 Mixing Device

Claims (15)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A method of making briquettes containing carbon carriers (2), and carbon carriers (2) with a binding system (3) are mixed with the addition of water vapor, and the resulting mixture is pressed into briquettes, which is characterized by the fact that perform at least one of the stages from the group, which includes: - drying of the carbon media (2) before mixing, - setting the temperature of the carbon media (2) to be mixed with the binding system (3) before mixing in the specified temperature range, - heat treatment of briquettes after pressing, and - drying of carbon media (2) before mixing and/or - heat treatment of briquettes after pressing, and/or - setting the temperature of the carbon media (2) to be mixed with the binding system (3), before mixing in the specified temperature range, is carried out by means of direct or indirect interaction with superheated steam, and the spent steam released during the interaction is used at least as the fractional amount of water vapor supplied during mixing. 2. The method according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the binder system (3) is mixed with the carbon carriers (2) in the first mixing stage to obtain a preliminary mixture, and water vapor is added to the preliminary mixture in the second mixing stage. 3. The method according to claim 2, which differs in that the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture at the entrance to the second stage of mixing is set in a certain temperature range. 4. The method according to claim 3, which is characterized by the fact that the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture is set by setting the temperature of the carbon media (2) supplied to the first stage of mixing in a specified temperature interval. 5. The method according to any of claims 2-4, which is characterized by the fact that in at least one member of the group consisting of: - setting the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture at the entrance to the second stage of mixing in the specified temperature range, - setting the inlet temperature of the preliminary mixture by setting the temperature of the carbon carriers (2) supplied to the first stage of mixing, in the specified temperature interval, carry out direct or indirect interaction with water vapor. b. The method according to claim 5, which is characterized by the fact that the spent steam released during the interaction is used at least as a component of the water vapor added during mixing. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, which is characterized in that the binding system (3) contains starch. 8. The method according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the binding system (3) contains at least one component from the group that includes: - synthetic polymers, - monomers that polymerize under the conditions of the second stage of mixing into synthetic polymers, Zo - monomers , which are polymerized under drying conditions of briquettes obtained by pressing into synthetic polymers, and this component is mainly polyvinyl acetate. 9. The method according to claim 8, which is characterized by the fact that polyvinyl acetate is at least partially produced from monomers obtained with the help of synthesis gas, which is based on the exhaust gas released in the process of obtaining cast iron during the gasification of carbon media (2), during the conversion of CO synthesis gas under the action of acetic acid into vinyl acetate. 10. A device suitable for implementing the method according to the invention, containing: a mixing device (1) for mixing carbon media (2) with a binding system (3), a pressing device (4) for pressing briquettes based on the mixture obtained from the device (1) mixing, and the mixing device (1) contains a pipeline (5) for supplying water vapor, which is characterized by the fact that it contains at least one member of the group consisting of: - a drying device (b) for drying carbon media (2), - heat treatment device (7) for heat treatment of briquettes, - device for changing the temperature of carbon media (2) before entering the mixing device (1), and - device (6) for drying and/or - device for changing the temperature of carbon media (2) before by introducing into the mixing device (1), and/or - heat treatment device (7) for heat treatment of briquettes is a device for direct or indirect interaction with water vapor, which includes a pipeline (8a, 80) for supplying water vapor and from which a pipeline exits id (da, 95) of the spent steam, and the pipeline (Za, 95) of the spent steam enters the pipeline (5) for supplying water vapor and/or the mixing device (1). 11. The device according to claim 10, which is characterized by the fact that it additionally contains an accumulator (16) of carbon media and a pipeline (17) for supplying carbon media, which connects the accumulator (16) of carbon media and a device (6) for drying, and the accumulator (16) of carbon media media is equipped with a device (18) for changing the temperature of carbon media (2) located in the accumulator (16) of carbon media. bo 12. The device according to claim 10 or 11, which is characterized in that the mixing device (1) contains: - a pre-mixing device (10) for performing the first mixing stage, - a binder supply pipeline (12) connected to the pre-mixing device (10) for adding a binding system (3) to the pre-mixing device (10) mixing, - pipeline (13) for the supply of carbon media included in the pre-mixing device (10) for supplying carbon media (2), preferably carbon media (2) from the drying device (b) to the pre-mixing device (10), - final mixing device (11) for performing the second mixing stage, which includes a water vapor supply pipeline (65). 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the premixing device (10) has a device (15) for changing the temperature of the premix located in the premixing device (10). 14. The device according to any one of claims 10-13, which is characterized in that at least one member of the group including: - a device (15) for changing the temperature of the premix located in the premixing device (10), - a device ( 18) for changing the temperature of carbon media (2) located in the accumulator (16) of carbon media, is a device for direct or indirect interaction with water vapor, which includes a pipeline (va, 85) for supplying water vapor. 15. The device according to any one of claims 10-14, which is characterized in that in the mixing device (1), the pre-mixing device (10) and the final mixing device (11) are combined in one structural unit. Jan 17 I shi chi and I Z ve ! she in- Dr. V Fig. 1 E t I 26 I 1 | -- ro and I SHO Fig. 2