UA110243C2 - Net telescopic rod for spinal segment endoprosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in orthopedics in the manufacture of implants for restoration of the function of the anterior support complex after resection of one or more bodies of damaged or destroyed vertebrae. The openings of at least one threaded half of the rod, made in the form of grooves parallel to its longitudinal axis, with the possibility of fixing the outer body of the endoprosthesis relative to the rod due to the alignment of the hole with the groove, to install the screw in the outer body of the endoprosthesis and fixing its relative width. functionality; significant simplification of fixation and selection of the optimal length of the prosthesis.

Description

Essence: A stem for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spinal segment, which includes an external multidirectional thread and through side holes. The holes, at least on one threaded half of the stem, are made in the form of grooves parallel to its longitudinal axis, with the possibility of fixing the outer body of the endoprosthesis relative to the stem due to the alignment of the hole with the groove, for installing the screw in the outer body of the endoprosthesis and fixing it relative to the stem.

Technical advantages: expansion of functionality; significant simplification of fixation and selection of the optimal length of the endoprosthesis.

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The invention belongs to medical technology, namely, it relates to implants for restoring the function of the anterior support complex after resection of one or more vertebral bodies, and can be used in orthopedics, traumatology and neurosurgery in the surgical treatment of diseases and injuries of the spine, in particular its cervical section.

A known endoprosthesis of a spinal segment, made in the form of a hollow cylindrical body with through side holes arranged in tiers; at the same time, the body cavity is filled with crushed bone grafts, and along the ring perimeter of both ends of the body, teeth are made, formed by dissecting the upper and lower tiers of holes

INatts In Ipvigitepiess zripai! zigdegu Riipsiriyez apa yesppidnez5- Gpieyete, ZiShndan-Mem mMogk, 1999. - 198 r.

The main disadvantage of the closest analogue is that its design does not allow changing the length of the endoprosthesis, as a result of which it is not possible to accurately select the length of the prosthesis depending on the individual data of the patient, the location and size of the affected area of the spine. As you know, one of the most important conditions for achieving fusion at the level of anterior interbody spondylodesis is the careful selection of an interbody support of the appropriate size. An endoprosthesis that does not exactly correspond to the dimensions of the interbody space can cause either the loss of the fixing properties of the stabilizing structure, or the growth of deformation in the corresponding part of the spine with the subsequent development of severe clinical symptoms. In addition, the known endoprosthesis is difficult to manufacture (it is necessary to manufacture a wide range of products of various sizes) and to operate (it complicates the preoperative and operative periods due to the need to select a product with the optimal length, especially in urgent operations due to spinal injuries).

An endoprosthesis of a spinal segment is also known, which is a central cylindrical hollow rod with an external multidirectional thread, on which two hollow bodies with teeth on the outer ends are screwed, and the bodies and the rod have through side holes arranged in tiers, and the rod inside has an external annular protrusion with turnkey radial holes. The side tier holes in the hollow housings have a thread for screwing in them a locking screw, which penetrates into the side hole of the hollow stem to prevent the housings from moving involuntarily relative to the stem, and thus unlocking the endoprosthesis. The inner cavity of the endoprosthesis is filled with crushed

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The composition of this class of endoprostheses (for example, UVKF, AOF, AOOriy5Fe, ObeyizeF), Tora?,

Tellur, NPIO "MedDetal" and the like), regardless of their design, a central rod is always included. In them, it acts as a tool that moves the hulls (hull)

C5 for the endoprosthesis to reach a certain length, determined by the distance between the vertebrae adjacent to the resected one, and to fix the endoprosthesis in the selected state. Moreover, the central rod can have both unidirectional and multidirectional threads on the cylindrical surface and through side holes. Since the central cylindrical hollow stem of the endoprosthesis

MVA"M of the spine segment with an external multidirectional thread and through side holes arranged in tiers is the closest in terms of its constructive essence and the effect achieved when using it, it is taken as the closest analogue.

The main disadvantage of the known technical solution is that for fixing the housings relative to the rod, the latter has through side holes. The essence of this shortcoming is explained as follows. To fix the body stationary relative to the rod, the latter must be rotated until a pair of holes (one threaded on the body, the other on the rod) completely coincide. Only in this case can a locking screw be screwed into the stem hole through the corresponding hole in the housing.

But, taking into account that the holes must be connected to each other according to two coordinates (by the radial angle and by height), sometimes the connected holes end up in an inconvenient place for screwing the locking screw into the case: either on the side or, in general, at the back. In these cases, the stem has to be screwed back a few times (or, conversely, screwed even further) so that the connected holes are on top of the operating field. But at the same time, either the endoprosthesis is weakened (when the stem is unscrewed), or the bones of the adjacent vertebrae, which are used to place the endoprosthesis, are pressed (the spikes cut through the housings). This automatically leads either to the loss of the fixing properties of the stabilizing endoprosthesis design, or to the growth of deformation in the corresponding section of the spine with the subsequent development of severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, the use of holes in the structure of the rod, even if multi-tiered, does not solve the issue of a clear selection of the total length of the endoprosthesis, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient's spine.

The invention is based on the task of expanding the functionality of the central cylindrical rod 60 for endoprostheses of the spine segment by eliminating one coordinate of the spatial movement of the holes in the rod during their connection with the holes in the housing (housing) by changing the linear length of the holes in the rod.

The solution to the given problem is achieved by the fact that in the central cylindrical hollow rod for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spine segment, which contains an external multidirectional thread and through side holes, according to the proposal, the holes, at least on one half of the rod, are made in the form of grooves parallel to its longitudinal axis .

The replacement of conventional round holes and grooves eliminates the need to match the holes in the housings (housing) by height by rotating the rod. That is, adjustment is required for only one coordinate (radial angle) for coupling. Since the side holes in the cases (housing) are made in tiers, some of them must always coincide with some groove in the rod from the side of the operating field, which gives free access for mutual fixation of the case and the rod without weakening or overloading the endoprosthesis, which, as a result, simplifies and shortens the time of surgical intervention, is less traumatic for the spine and surrounding soft tissues, will contribute to a faster, high-quality and effective completion of the patient's rehabilitation period due to the high reliability of replacing the resected vertebra with an endoprosthesis.

Therefore, the entire set of essential features of the proposed technical solution regarding the stem for endoprostheses of the spinal segment, obtained due to a fundamental change in the design of the means for fixation, ensures the achievement of a positive result formulated in the statement of the problem.

The further essence of the proposed technical solution is explained together with the illustrative material, which shows: in fig. 1 - side view of the proposed central hollow rod for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spinal segment with multidirectional threads and grooves on one threaded part; in fig. 2 - the same, with grooves on both threaded parts; fig. Z - the same, with a unidirectional thread.

The proposed stem for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spinal segment "STEP" (abbreviation of SepigaI-Telescopic-Endoprosthesis-Spine) contains an external multidirectional thread 1 and through side grooves 2 on one threaded part, and on the other threaded part - ordinary through side holes 3. Stem can have grooves 2 on both threaded parts.

Z Grooves 2 are made parallel to its longitudinal axis of the rod. The width of the grooves 2 is equal to the diameter of the holes on the bodies (body) of the endoprosthesis (not shown).

The proposed stem for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spine segment "STEP" is used as follows (on the example of the cervical spine).

After access to the desired segment of the spine is carried out by one of the known means, the elements of the front support complex are resected at the required interval. After that, the endoprosthesis of any sliding design, after filling with crushed bone biomaterial, is placed in the initial position in the interbody space between the upper and lower vertebrae instead of the extracted segment. Then, holding the endoprosthesis structure by the housing (body) from rotation with a special key or any other suitable tool, rotate the stem. At the same time, due to the presence of multidirectional threads, the structure is pushed apart (the total length of the endoprosthesis increases) and, thus, compression of the endoprosthesis in the interbody space is achieved.

Next, a locking screw is screwed into the side hole in the housing, which connects to groove 2, to prevent the rod from being twisted by itself, after which the wound is sutured in layers. Therefore, due to the gradual distraction of the endoprosthesis itself, the necessary distraction of the spine is achieved, which ensures a strong stabilization of the endoprosthesis between the vertebral bodies and a reliable restoration of the supporting capacity of the spine.

The declared technical solution has been tested in practice. The proposed rod for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spine segment "STEP" does not contain any structural elements in its composition that would be impossible to reproduce at the current stage of development of science and technology, in particular, in the field of medicine, and therefore is suitable for industrial use, has technical and other advantages over known analogues, which confirms the possibility of achieving the technical result of the declared object. In the known sources of patent and other scientific and technical information, no structures and samples with the set of essential features specified in the proposal were found, therefore the proposed technical solution is considered to be eligible for legal protection.

The essential difference of the proposed technical solution is that the stem of the endoprosthesis does not require two coordinate connections of the holes due to the replacement of the holes in it with longitudinal grooves. These differences make it possible to significantly make the rod suitable for any conditions of fixation of the endoprosthesis in the interbody space without weakening or overloading the latter, and therefore, to improve the technical and operational characteristics of the endoprosthesis of the vertebral segment itself. None of the known designs of the rods of sliding endoprostheses can possess all the listed properties at the same time, since it does not contain the entire set of declared essential features.

The technical advantages of the proposed technical solution, in comparison with the nearest analog, include: - expansion of functional capabilities due to the possibility of connecting the openings of the housing with the grooves of the rod by only one radial coordinate; - significant simplification of fixation and selection of the optimal length of the endoprosthesis due to the presence of longitudinal grooves in the stem.

Claims (2)

FORMULA OF THE INVENTION 1. A rod for mesh telescopic endoprostheses of the spinal segment, which contains an external multidirectional thread and through side holes, which is characterized by the fact that the holes, at least on one threaded half of the rod, are made in the form of grooves parallel to its longitudinal axis, with the possibility of fixing the external body of the endoprosthesis relative to the stem due to the alignment of the hole with the groove, for installing the screw in the outer body of the endoprosthesis and fixing it relative to the stem. 2. The rod according to claim 1, which differs in that the grooves are made longitudinally on both threaded parts. І и От ях и и щей з ше ше Ше Ше Ше ОО ОО S E I me eV ZE - tn Oh SE re OK a sko shcha OBO guilty Fig. 1 Z ka sh sh M ee z ZHI, y: Yes Oh - - Be! sha Z -I O1 V KU : t. ! Fig. 2nd Zh. y v horse -x gi y: shchi 2 y x g i OO v Fig. Z B-5--- - Yuumpiuternaverstallvyneno 77777777 State Service of Intellectual Property of Ukraine, st. Vasylya Lypkivskoho, 45, Kyiv, SME, 03680, Ukraine SE "Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property", str. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601