TWM652472U - Sound-dampening floor layer, sound-dampening composite sheets comprising the same - Google Patents
Sound-dampening floor layer, sound-dampening composite sheets comprising the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWM652472U TWM652472U TW112203323U TW112203323U TWM652472U TW M652472 U TWM652472 U TW M652472U TW 112203323 U TW112203323 U TW 112203323U TW 112203323 U TW112203323 U TW 112203323U TW M652472 U TWM652472 U TW M652472U
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Landscapes
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本創作係有關於一種隔音地坪層體(B)與包含該隔音地坪層體(B)的隔音複合板材(C),及該隔音地坪層體(B)及該隔音複合板材(C)的製造方法。 This creation relates to a sound-insulating floor layer (B) and a sound-insulating composite plate (C) including the sound-insulating floor layer (B), and the sound-insulating floor layer (B) and the sound-insulating composite plate (C). ) manufacturing method.
現今社會對於建物及建築材料的要求越來越多,例如就環保、成本、性能等各方面均有所追求的目標。環保方面,例如採用低耗能材料等;成本方面,例如採用廢棄物再製品或者工法改良等;性能方面,則例如要求較佳的耐候、耐久性、隔熱或隔音性能。 Today's society has more and more requirements for buildings and building materials, such as environmental protection, cost, performance and other aspects. In terms of environmental protection, such as using low-energy-consuming materials; in terms of cost, such as using waste recycling or improving construction methods; in terms of performance, such as requiring better weather resistance, durability, heat insulation or sound insulation performance.
常見的隔音建材通常包含使用隔音泡棉、隔音橡膠或彈性物質等,也有使用水泥作為膠結材以與骨材一起形成具有發泡結構的隔音材,惟,前述建材仍有各自的缺點。 Common sound-insulating building materials usually include sound-insulating foam, sound-insulating rubber or elastic materials. Cement is also used as a binding material to form a sound-insulating material with a foam structure together with the aggregate. However, the above-mentioned building materials still have their own shortcomings.
據此,業內對採用更為簡便及節能、及可適用性更廣的隔音建材仍有極大需求。 Accordingly, there is still a huge demand in the industry for sound insulation building materials that are simpler, more energy-saving, and have wider applicability.
本創作發現,在使用適當的骨材及視情況使用膠結材料形成具有高孔隙性的層可提供顯著優異的隔音功效,所使用的骨材及視情況 使用的膠結材料尤其可採用較為環保、成本低及/或低耗能的材料。此外,所形成的高孔隙性的層同時具有高耐久度,並且提供施作的高便利性及穩定性。 It has been found in this creation that a highly porous layer formed using appropriate aggregates and, where appropriate, cementitious materials can provide significantly superior sound insulation. In particular, the cementing materials used can be materials that are more environmentally friendly, low in cost and/or low in energy consumption. In addition, the highly porous layer formed simultaneously has high durability and provides high convenience and stability in application.
因此,本創作提供一種隔音地坪層體(B),其包含骨材與視情況使用的膠結材料,其中該骨材包含輕質骨材,該隔音地坪層體(B)具有至少25%的孔隙率的孔隙結構,該孔隙率φ係以下式計算:
其中ρapp為該隔音地坪層體(B)的表觀密度,表觀密度定義為地坪層體總重/(地坪層體的組份絕對密實體積+地坪層體的組份內開閉孔洞體積+地坪層體的組份間堆積空隙總體積),ρtheo為該隔音地坪層體(B)的組份的理論體密度定義為地坪層體總重/(地坪層體的組份絕對密實體積+地坪層體的組份內開閉孔洞體積)。 Where ρ app is the apparent density of the sound insulation floor layer (B), and the apparent density is defined as the total weight of the floor layer / (the absolute dense volume of the components of the floor layer + the components of the floor layer The volume of open and closed holes + the total volume of accumulated voids between the components of the floor layer), ρ theo is the theoretical volume density of the components of the sound insulation floor layer (B), which is defined as the total weight of the floor layer/(floor layer The absolute dense volume of the body's components + the volume of open and closed holes in the floor layer's components).
本創作亦提供一種隔音複合板材(C),其包含至少一層消能層體(A)及至少一層該隔音地坪層體(B)。 The invention also provides a sound-insulating composite panel (C), which includes at least one layer of energy-dissipating layer (A) and at least one layer of the sound-insulating floor layer (B).
本創作亦提供一種製備隔音地坪層體(B)的方法,包含以下步驟:(1)混合包含輕質骨材的骨材與視情況使用的膠結材料;(2)乾燥混合物使結構固化;及(3)形成該隔音地坪層體(B)。 The invention also provides a method for preparing the sound insulation floor layer body (B), which includes the following steps: (1) mixing aggregates including lightweight aggregates and cementing materials as appropriate; (2) drying the mixture to solidify the structure; and (3) forming the sound insulation floor layer body (B).
本創作亦提供一種製備隔音複合板材(C)的方法,包含以下步驟:(a)混合包含輕質骨材的骨材與視情況使用的膠結材料;(b)於模具內放置消能層體(A); (c)將步驟(a)的混合物注入模具中;(d)乾燥使結構固化;及(e)形成該隔音複合板材(C)。 The invention also provides a method for preparing a sound-insulating composite panel (C), which includes the following steps: (a) mixing aggregates including lightweight aggregates and cementing materials as appropriate; (b) placing an energy-dissipating layer in the mold (A); (c) injecting the mixture of step (a) into a mold; (d) drying to solidify the structure; and (e) forming the sound-insulating composite panel (C).
(CM):CM打底材/打底層 (CM): CM base material/base layer
(RC):RC地板 (RC):RC floor
(SF100):SF100 (SF100):SF100
(SF500):SF500 (SF500):SF500
(TF):TF黏著材 (TF):TF adhesive material
(D'):消能隔音裝置/隔音樓板 (D'): Energy-dissipating sound insulation device/soundproof floor slab
(A)/(A-1)/(A-2):消能層/消能層體 (A)/(A-1)/(A-2): Energy dissipation layer/energy dissipation layer body
(B)/(B-1)/(B-2):隔音地坪層體 (B)/(B-1)/(B-2): Sound insulation floor layer
(C):隔音複合板材 (C): Sound insulation composite panels
(T):磁磚 (T): Tiles
(AD):磁磚黏著劑 (AD): Tile Adhesive
(D):樓板 (D):Floor
(D-1)/(D-2):樓板結構 (D-1)/(D-2): Floor structure
圖1為本創作隔音地坪層體(B)的實例照片。 Figure 1 is an example photo of the sound insulation floor layer (B) of this creation.
圖2A至2C為本創作所請隔音複合板材(C)的示意圖。 Figures 2A to 2C are schematic diagrams of the sound-insulating composite panels (C) used in this creation.
圖3A及3B為測定隔音量的樣品示意圖。 Figures 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of samples for measuring insulation volume.
圖4A及4B為已知技術的消能隔音裝置(D')與包含本創作隔音地坪層體(B)的樓板(D)的示意圖及隔音功效。 Figures 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams and sound insulation effects of the energy-dissipating sound insulation device (D') of the known technology and the floor slab (D) including the sound insulation floor layer (B) of the present invention.
下文將更詳細說明實施本創作的方式與概念。 The methods and concepts for implementing this creation will be explained in more detail below.
A.隔音地坪層體(B)A. Sound insulation floor layer (B)
骨材Aggregate
本創作隔音地坪層體(B)中所包含的骨材的功能在於在堆疊後提供穩固的高孔隙性的孔隙結構,相較於傳統隔音地坪層中所使用的軟性材料(例如橡膠、泡棉等)或發泡性材料所具有的孔隙結構更穩固,且預期耐久性更高。此外,本創作隔音地坪層體(B)中所包含的骨材包含輕質骨材,不僅使隔音地坪層體(B)創造更多的孔隙,也可大幅降低結構重量,及對施做工法及/或成本均有益處。 The function of the aggregates contained in the sound insulation floor layer (B) of this creation is to provide a stable and highly porous pore structure after stacking. Compared with the soft materials used in traditional sound insulation floor layers (such as rubber, Foam, etc.) or foaming materials have a more stable pore structure and are expected to have higher durability. In addition, the aggregates included in the sound-insulating floor layer (B) of this creation include lightweight aggregates, which not only creates more pores in the sound-insulating floor layer (B), but also greatly reduces the structural weight and reduces the construction cost. There are benefits to workmanship and/or cost.
於一具體實例中,骨材包含輕質骨材,輕質骨材密度可為0.15g/cm3至2.5g/cm3,例如可為至少0.2g/cm3、至少0.3g/cm3、至少0.4g/cm3、至少0.5g/cm3、至少0.6g/cm3、至少0.7g/cm3、至少0.8g/cm3、至少0.9g/cm3、至少1.0g/cm3、至少1.1g/cm3、至少1.2g/cm3、至少1.3 g/cm3、至少1.4g/cm3、至少1.45g/cm3、至少1.5g/cm3、至少1.55g/cm3、至少1.6g/cm3、至少1.65g/cm3、至少1.7g/cm3、至少1.75g/cm3或至少1.8g/cm3;或為至多2.45g/cm3、至多2.4g/cm3、至多2.35g/cm3、至多2.3g/cm3、至多2.25g/cm3、至多2.2g/cm3、至多2.15g/cm3、至多2.1g/cm3、至多2.05g/cm3、至多2.0g/cm3、至多1.95g/cm3、至多1.9g/cm3或至多1.85g/cm3;或密度於前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如至少1.9g/cm3、至多1.3g/cm3等。於一具體實例中,骨材包含兩種或兩種以上不同密度的輕質骨材。於一具體實例中,輕質骨材的平均密度於上述的輕質骨材密度的範圍內。 In a specific example, the aggregate includes lightweight aggregate, and the density of the lightweight aggregate can be 0.15g/cm 3 to 2.5g/cm 3 , for example, it can be at least 0.2g/cm 3 , at least 0.3g/cm 3 , At least 0.4g/cm 3 , at least 0.5g/cm 3 , at least 0.6g/cm 3 , at least 0.7g/cm 3 , at least 0.8g/cm 3 , at least 0.9g/cm 3 , at least 1.0g/cm 3 , at least 1.1g/cm 3 , at least 1.2g/cm 3 , at least 1.3 g/cm 3 , at least 1.4g/cm 3 , at least 1.45g/cm 3 , at least 1.5g/cm 3 , at least 1.55g/cm 3 , at least 1.6 g/cm 3 , at least 1.65g/cm 3 , at least 1.7g/cm 3 , at least 1.75g/cm 3 or at least 1.8g/cm 3 ; or at most 2.45g/cm 3 , at most 2.4g/cm 3 , at most 2.35g/cm 3 , up to 2.3g/cm 3 , up to 2.25g/cm 3 , up to 2.2g/cm 3 , up to 2.15g/cm 3 , up to 2.1g/cm 3 , up to 2.05g/ cm 3 , up to 2.0 g/cm 3 , at most 1.95g/cm 3 , at most 1.9g/cm 3 , or at most 1.85g/cm 3 ; or a reasonable range of values consisting of the density at any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as at least 1.9g/cm 3 , at most 1.3g /cm 3 etc. In a specific example, the aggregate includes two or more lightweight aggregates with different densities. In a specific example, the average density of the lightweight aggregate is within the above-mentioned density range of the lightweight aggregate.
輕質骨材的材料的一實例為矽鋁質原料,其包含SiO2與Al2O3作為主成分;SiO2的含量可為48重量%至95重量%、較佳為55重量%至80重量%、更佳為60重量%至70重量%,或前述端點所組成的合理數值範圍;Al2O3的含量可為1重量%至30重量%、較佳為1.5重量%至15重量%、更佳為2重量%至5重量%,或前述端點所組成的合理數值範圍。矽鋁質原料的種類廣泛,天然材料或事業廢棄物等均可作為製備輕質多孔材料的原料。天然材料的實例包括(但不限於)粘土、頁岩、板岩、珍珠岩等。可回收或廢棄物的實例包括(但不限於)矽質類事業副產物,例如平板玻璃、廢玻璃容器、廢太陽能光電板、廢汽車玻璃、廢玻璃纖維、半導體化學機械研磨液污泥、水淬爐石、飛灰、拋光石英磚污泥、廢鑄砂等。亦可依據最終用途或需求針對原料的組成進行限制或調整,例如將部分天然材料與事業回收或廢棄物併用、或者將不同種類的事業回收或廢棄物併用等。於一具體實例中,以膨脹珍珠岩作為輕質骨材的材料原料為天然珍珠岩、輕質陶粒之輕質骨材的材料為水庫汙泥、漂珠之輕質骨材的材料為煤 灰、膨脹玻璃之輕質骨材的材料為玻璃。輕質骨材的材料可經加工以製得具有所欲密度範圍的顆粒骨材,或材料本身即具有所欲密度。 An example of a lightweight aggregate material is a silica-aluminum raw material, which contains SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 as the main components; the content of SiO 2 can be 48% to 95% by weight, preferably 55% to 80% by weight. % by weight, preferably 60% to 70% by weight, or a reasonable range of values composed of the aforementioned endpoints; the content of Al 2 O 3 can be 1% to 30% by weight, preferably 1.5% to 15% by weight %, more preferably 2 to 5% by weight, or a reasonable range of values composed of the aforementioned endpoints. There are a wide range of silica-aluminum raw materials, and natural materials or industrial wastes can be used as raw materials for preparing lightweight porous materials. Examples of natural materials include, but are not limited to, clay, shale, slate, perlite, and the like. Examples of recyclable or waste materials include (but are not limited to) silicone-based business by-products such as flat glass, waste glass containers, waste solar photovoltaic panels, waste automotive glass, waste fiberglass, semiconductor chemical mechanical polishing fluid sludge, water Quenching furnace stone, fly ash, polished quartz brick sludge, waste foundry sand, etc. The composition of raw materials can also be limited or adjusted based on the end use or demand, such as using some natural materials with industrial recycling or waste, or using different types of industrial recycling or waste together, etc. In a specific example, the material of the lightweight aggregate using expanded perlite is natural perlite, the material of the lightweight aggregate of lightweight ceramsite is reservoir sludge, and the material of the lightweight aggregate of floating beads is coal. The material of lightweight aggregate of gray and expanded glass is glass. Lightweight aggregate materials can be processed to produce granular aggregates with a desired density range, or the material itself can have a desired density.
於一具體實例中,骨材進一步包含重質骨材,係相對於輕質骨材具有較大密度的骨材。於一具體實例中,重質骨材的密度可為超過1.5g/cm3至9.0g/cm3,例如可為至少2.6g/cm3、至少2.8g/cm3、至少3.0g/cm3、至少3.25g/cm3、至少3.5g/cm3、至少4.0g/cm3、至少4.5g/cm3、至少5.0g/cm3或至少5.5g/cm3;或為至多8.75g/cm3、至多8.5g/cm3、至多8.35g/cm3、至多8.2g/cm3、至多8.0g/cm3、至多7.8g/cm3、至多7.5g/cm3、至多7.0g/cm3、至多6.5g/cm3或至多6.0g/cm3;或密度於前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如至少6.0g/cm3、至多5.5g/cm3等。於一具體實例中,重質骨材密度為輕質骨材密度的1.8至60倍,例如2至45倍、2.2至30倍、2.25至20倍、2.33至15倍、2.5至10倍、2.67至6.67倍、3至6.5倍、3.2至6.33倍、3.33至6倍、3.5至5.5倍,3.67至5倍、4至4.5倍;或前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍。於一具體實例中,重質骨材的密度與輕質骨材密度的差為至少或至多0.4g/cm3、0.45g/cm3、0.5g/cm3、0.55g/cm3、0.6g/cm3、0.65g/cm3、0.7g/cm3、0.75g/cm3、0.8g/cm3、0.85g/cm3、0.9g/cm3、0.95g/cm3、1.0g/cm3、1.1g/cm3、1.2g/cm3、1.3g/cm3、1.4g/cm3、1.5g/cm3、1.6g/cm3、1.7g/cm3、1.8g/cm3、1.9g/cm3、2.0g/cm3、2.2g/cm3、2.4g/cm3、2.5g/cm3、2.6g/cm3、2.8g/cm3、3.0g/cm3、3.2g/cm3、3.4g/cm3、3.5g/cm3、3.6g/cm3、3.8g/cm3、4.0g/cm3、4.2g/cm3、4.4g/cm3、4.5g/cm3、4.6g/cm3、4.8g/cm3、5.0g/cm3、5.2g/cm3、5.4g/cm3、5.5g/cm3、5.6g/cm3、5.8g/cm3、6.0g/cm3、6.2g/cm3、6.4g/cm3、6.5 g/cm3、6.6g/cm3、6.8g/cm3、7.0g/cm3、7.2g/cm3、7.4g/cm3、7.5g/cm3、7.6g/cm3、7.8g/cm3、8.0g/cm3;或密度差距於前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如至少1.5g/cm3、至多3.5g/cm3、0.5g/cm3至。 In a specific example, the aggregates further include heavy aggregates, which are aggregates with a larger density than light aggregates. In a specific example, the density of the heavy aggregate may be more than 1.5g/cm 3 to 9.0g/cm 3 , for example, it may be at least 2.6g/cm 3 , at least 2.8g/cm 3 , or at least 3.0g/cm 3 , at least 3.25g/cm 3 , at least 3.5g/cm 3 , at least 4.0g/cm 3 , at least 4.5g/cm 3 , at least 5.0g/cm 3 or at least 5.5g/cm 3 ; or at most 8.75g/cm 3. At most 8.5g/cm 3 , at most 8.35g/cm 3 , at most 8.2g/cm 3 , at most 8.0g/cm 3 , at most 7.8g/cm 3 , at most 7.5g/cm 3 , at most 7.0g/cm 3 , at most 6.5g/cm 3 or at most 6.0g/cm 3 ; or a reasonable range of values with a density at any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as at least 6.0g/cm 3 , at most 5.5g/cm 3 , etc. In a specific example, the density of heavy aggregate is 1.8 to 60 times that of light aggregate, such as 2 to 45 times, 2.2 to 30 times, 2.25 to 20 times, 2.33 to 15 times, 2.5 to 10 times, 2.67 to 6.67 times, 3 to 6.5 times, 3.2 to 6.33 times, 3.33 to 6 times, 3.5 to 5.5 times, 3.67 to 5 times, 4 to 4.5 times; or a reasonable range of values consisting of any of the aforementioned endpoints. In a specific example, the difference between the density of the heavy aggregate and the density of the light aggregate is at least or at most 0.4g/cm 3 , 0.45g/cm 3 , 0.5g/cm 3 , 0.55g/cm 3 , 0.6g /cm 3 , 0.65g/cm 3 , 0.7g/cm 3 , 0.75g/cm 3 , 0.8g/cm 3 , 0.85g/cm 3 , 0.9g/cm 3 , 0.95g/cm 3 , 1.0g/cm 3. 1.1g/cm 3 , 1.2g/cm 3 , 1.3g/cm 3 , 1.4g/cm 3 , 1.5g/cm 3 , 1.6g/cm 3 , 1.7g/cm 3 , 1.8g/cm 3 , 1.9g/cm 3 , 2.0g/cm 3 , 2.2g/cm 3 , 2.4g/cm 3 , 2.5g/cm 3 , 2.6g/cm 3 , 2.8g/cm 3 , 3.0g/cm 3 , 3.2g /cm 3 , 3.4g/cm 3 , 3.5g/cm 3 , 3.6g /cm 3 , 3.8g/cm 3 , 4.0g/cm 3 , 4.2g/cm 3 , 4.4g/cm 3 , 4.5g /cm 3. 4.6g/cm 3 , 4.8g/cm 3 , 5.0g/cm 3 , 5.2g/cm 3 , 5.4g/cm 3 , 5.5g/cm 3 , 5.6g/cm 3 , 5.8g /cm 3 , 6.0g/cm 3 , 6.2g/cm 3 , 6.4g/cm 3 , 6.5 g/cm 3 , 6.6g/cm 3 , 6.8g/cm 3 , 7.0g/cm 3 , 7.2g/cm 3 , 7.4g /cm 3 , 7.5g/cm 3 , 7.6g/cm 3 , 7.8g/cm 3 , 8.0g/cm 3 ; or the density difference is within a reasonable range of any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as at least 1.5g/cm 3 , At most 3.5g/cm 3 , 0.5g/cm 3 to.
於一具體實例中,重質骨材為洗石子、砂石粒料(例如密度約2.6g/cm3)、鋼(例如密度約8.0g/cm3)、氧化鋁(例如密度約3.95g/cm3)、氧化鋯(例如密度約6.0g/cm3)等。 In a specific example, the heavy aggregates are washed gravel, sand and gravel particles (for example, density is about 2.6g/cm 3 ), steel (for example, density is about 8.0g/cm 3 ), alumina (for example, density is about 3.95g/cm 3 ) cm 3 ), zirconia (for example, density is about 6.0g/cm 3 ), etc.
於一具體實例中,骨材(輕質骨材或重質骨材)為顆粒,粒徑為0.15至30mm,例如0.15至5mm、0.5至1mm、1至2mm、2至4mm、4至8mm、5至10mm、10至20mm或3至25mm,或前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如1mm至3mm、8mm至20mm等。於一具體實例中,骨材的平均粒徑約為6mm,例如4-8mm混和5-10mm洗石子。 In a specific example, the aggregate (lightweight aggregate or heavy aggregate) is particles with a particle size of 0.15 to 30mm, such as 0.15 to 5mm, 0.5 to 1mm, 1 to 2mm, 2 to 4mm, 4 to 8mm, 5 to 10mm, 10 to 20mm or 3 to 25mm, or a reasonable range of values consisting of any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as 1mm to 3mm, 8mm to 20mm, etc. In a specific example, the average particle size of the aggregate is about 6 mm, for example, 4-8 mm mixed with 5-10 mm washed stones.
於一具體實例中,輕質骨材與重質骨材的重量比為100:0(即,不使用重質骨材)至20:80,例如90:10至25:75、80:20至30:70、70:30至35:65、60:40至40:60或55:45至45:55,或約50:50,或前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如70:30至20:80、90:10至50:50。於一具體實例中,輕質骨材與重質骨材的體積比為100:0(即,不使用重質骨材)至35:65,例如約98:2、約97:3、約96:4、約95:5、約94:6、約93:7、約92:8、約91:9、約90:10、或90:10至40:60、85:15至45:55、80:20至50:50、75:25至55:45或70:30至60:40,或前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍。 In a specific example, the weight ratio of light aggregate to heavy aggregate is 100:0 (that is, no heavy aggregate is used) to 20:80, such as 90:10 to 25:75, 80:20 to 30:70, 70:30 to 35:65, 60:40 to 40:60 or 55:45 to 45:55, or about 50:50, or a reasonable range of any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as 70:30 to 20:80, 90:10 to 50:50. In a specific example, the volume ratio of light aggregate to heavy aggregate is 100:0 (that is, no heavy aggregate is used) to 35:65, such as about 98:2, about 97:3, about 96 : 4. About 95:5, about 94:6, about 93:7, about 92:8, about 91:9, about 90:10, or 90:10 to 40:60, 85:15 to 45:55, 80:20 to 50:50, 75:25 to 55:45, or 70:30 to 60:40, or a reasonable range of values consisting of any of the aforementioned endpoints.
於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)包含至少50重量%的骨材,例如至少60重量%、至少66.7重量%、至少70重量%、至少75重量%、至少80重量%或至少85重量%。 In a specific example, the sound insulation floor layer (B) includes at least 50% by weight of aggregates, such as at least 60% by weight, at least 66.7% by weight, at least 70% by weight, at least 75% by weight, at least 80% by weight, or at least 85% by weight.
於一具體實例中,骨材(無論輕質骨材或重質骨材)以混合方式存在於隔音地坪層體(B)中。於一具體實例中,不同的骨材(無論輕質骨材或重質骨材)以分層方式存在於隔音地坪層體(B)中。於一具體實例中,不同的骨材(無論輕質骨材或重質骨材)以部分混合、部分分層方式存在於隔音地坪層體(B)中。於一具體實例中,骨材實質上由輕質骨材所組成。 In a specific example, aggregates (whether lightweight aggregates or heavy aggregates) are present in the sound insulation floor layer body (B) in a mixed manner. In a specific example, different aggregates (whether lightweight aggregates or heavy aggregates) are present in the sound insulation floor layer body (B) in a layered manner. In a specific example, different aggregates (whether lightweight aggregates or heavy aggregates) exist in the sound insulation floor layer body (B) in a partially mixed and partially layered manner. In a specific example, the aggregate consists essentially of lightweight aggregate.
膠結材料cementitious material
為維持(輕質)骨材堆疊所形成的高孔隙性結構,可視情況使用膠結材料進行附接及固持;亦即,隔音地坪層體(B)包含(輕質)骨材與膠結材料,結構中具有高孔隙率。於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)不包含膠結材料。 In order to maintain the high porosity structure formed by the stacking of (lightweight) aggregates, cementing materials may be used for attachment and retention as appropriate; that is, the sound insulation floor layer (B) contains (lightweight) aggregates and cementing materials, High porosity in the structure. In a specific example, the sound insulation floor layer (B) does not include cementing materials.
於一具體實例中,膠結材料係部分或完全覆蓋於骨材外,以提供附接骨材及固持骨材堆疊所形成的高孔隙性結構。於一較佳的具體實例中,膠結材料係使用肖氏硬度A(Shore A hardness)為100A以下的單一組成材料或肖氏硬度A(Shore A hardness)為100A以下的水泥質複合材,較佳為80A以下、60A以下或50A以下的材料。膠結材料的實例包含(但不限於)樹脂類,例如環氧樹脂(例如硬度約90A或以下)、聚酯樹脂(例如保麗樹脂,硬度約44A)、聚氨酯(一般(例如硬度約10A)或高彈性(例如硬度約1A)),橡膠類,例如矽橡膠(例如硬度約8A)、凝膠(例如硬度約10-30A)、天然橡膠(例如硬度約45A)、合成橡膠(例如硬度約32-70A),水泥凝結材料類,例如一般水泥、彈性水泥(例如硬度約30-100A)。於一具體實例中,膠結材料係以呈懸浮體形式使用。 In a specific example, the cementing material is partially or completely covered outside the aggregate to provide a highly porous structure formed by attaching the aggregate and retaining the aggregate stack. In a preferred specific example, the cementing material is a single component material with a Shore A hardness of less than 100A or a cementitious composite material with a Shore A hardness of less than 100A. Preferably, Materials below 80A, 60A or 50A. Examples of cementing materials include (but are not limited to) resins, such as epoxy resin (for example, hardness is about 90A or below), polyester resin (for example, Polyflor resin, hardness is about 44A), polyurethane (generally (for example, hardness is about 10A) or High elasticity (for example, hardness is about 1A), rubber, such as silicone rubber (for example, hardness is about 8A), gel (for example, hardness is about 10-30A), natural rubber (for example, hardness is about 45A), synthetic rubber (for example, hardness is about 32 -70A), cement setting materials, such as general cement, elastic cement (for example, hardness is about 30-100A). In a specific example, the cementing material is used in the form of a suspension.
隔音地坪層體(B)中的膠結材料以實質上不影響骨材堆疊 所形成的高孔隙性結構及可充分附接骨材的含量存在。於一具體實例中,骨材與膠結材料的重量比可為0.8:1至9:1,例如1:1至8:1、2:1至7:1、3:1至6:1、4:1至5:1,或前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍。於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)包含至多50重量%的膠結材料,例如至多40重量%、至多33.3重量%、至多30重量%、至多25重量%、至多20重量%、至多15重量%或至多10重量%。 The cementing material in the sound insulation floor layer (B) does not substantially affect the stacking of aggregates. The resulting highly porous structure and sufficient attachment of aggregate content are present. In a specific example, the weight ratio of the aggregate to the cementing material can be 0.8:1 to 9:1, such as 1:1 to 8:1, 2:1 to 7:1, 3:1 to 6:1, 4 :1 to 5:1, or a reasonable range of values consisting of any of the aforementioned endpoints. In a specific example, the sound insulation floor layer (B) includes at most 50% by weight of cementing material, such as at most 40% by weight, at most 33.3% by weight, at most 30% by weight, at most 25% by weight, at most 20% by weight, at most 20% by weight, or at most 20% by weight. 15% by weight or up to 10% by weight.
孔隙率Porosity
不受理論所限制,本創作的隔音地坪層體(B)所具有的孔隙結構可提供優異的隔音功效,尤其可阻隔廣泛頻率的聲音或音頻。 Without being limited by theory, the pore structure of the sound-insulating floor layer (B) of the present invention can provide excellent sound-insulating effect, especially blocking sound or audio of a wide range of frequencies.
此處,以孔隙率表徵孔隙結構,其以下式計算:
其中ρapp為該隔音地坪層體(B)的表觀密度,表觀密度定義為地坪層體總重/(地坪層體的組份絕對密實體積+地坪層體的組份內開閉孔洞體積+地坪層體的組份間堆積空隙總體積),ρtheo為該隔音地坪層體(B)的組份的理論體密度定義為地坪層體總重/(地坪層體的組份絕對密實體積+地坪層體的組份內開閉孔洞體積)。隔音地坪層體(B)需有一定的孔隙率φ,於一具體實例中為至少25%,例如至少28%、至少30%、至少33%、至少35%或至少40%;於一具體實例中,孔隙率至多為55%,例如至多50%、至多45%或至多40%;或孔隙率於前述端點所組成的合理數值範圍,例如30%至45%等。孔隙率可藉由材料粒徑、膠結材料特性、比例等調整。例如,不受理論所限制,粒徑分布較窄或單一粒徑的骨材堆疊後可形成較大的孔隙率、粒徑分布較廣的骨材可能因小粒徑骨材填入大粒徑骨材經堆疊所提供的孔隙而降低整體的孔隙率、膠結材料及/或骨材自身 的內開閉孔洞的多寡等等。 Where ρ app is the apparent density of the sound insulation floor layer (B), and the apparent density is defined as the total weight of the floor layer / (the absolute dense volume of the components of the floor layer + the components of the floor layer The volume of open and closed holes + the total volume of accumulated voids between the components of the floor layer), ρ theo is the theoretical volume density of the components of the sound insulation floor layer (B), which is defined as the total weight of the floor layer/(floor layer The absolute dense volume of the body's components + the volume of open and closed holes in the floor layer's components). The sound insulation floor layer (B) needs to have a certain porosity φ, which is at least 25% in a specific example, such as at least 28%, at least 30%, at least 33%, at least 35% or at least 40%; in a specific example In examples, the porosity is at most 55%, such as at most 50%, at most 45%, or at most 40%; or the porosity is within a reasonable range of the aforementioned endpoints, such as 30% to 45%, etc. Porosity can be adjusted by material particle size, cementing material characteristics, ratio, etc. For example, without being limited by theory, aggregates with a narrow particle size distribution or a single particle size can form larger porosity when stacked, and aggregates with a wider particle size distribution may be filled with larger particle sizes by smaller particle size aggregates. The pores provided by the stacking of the aggregates reduce the overall porosity, the number of internal openings and closing pores of the cementing material and/or the aggregate itself, etc.
於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)的表觀密度為0.7g/cm3以上,例如0.8g/cm3以上、0.9g/cm3以上、1.0g/cm3以上、1.1g/cm3以上、1.2g/cm3以上、1.3g/cm3以上、1.4g/cm3以上、1.5g/cm3以上、1.6g/cm3以上、1.7g/cm3以上、1.8g/cm3以上、1.9g/cm3以上、2.0g/cm3以上、2.1g/cm3以上、2.2g/cm3以上、2.3g/cm3以上、2.4g/cm3以上、2.5g/cm3以上、或2.6g/cm3以上;於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)的表觀密度為4.5g/cm3以下、4.4g/cm3以下、4.2g/cm3以下、4.0g/cm3以下、3.8g/cm3以下、3.6g/cm3以下、3.5g/cm3以下、3.4g/cm3以下、3.2g/cm3以下、3.0g/cm3以下、2.9g/cm3以下、2.8g/cm3以下或2.7g/cm3以下;隔音地坪層體(B)的表觀密度於前述任意端點組成的合理數值範圍,例如0.8g/cm3以上至4.5g/cm3以下、1.2g/cm3以上至4.2g/cm3以下等。 In a specific example, the apparent density of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is 0.7g/cm 3 or more, such as 0.8g/cm 3 or more, 0.9g/cm 3 or more, 1.0g/cm 3 or more, 1.1g /cm 3 or more, 1.2g/cm 3 or more, 1.3g/cm 3 or more, 1.4g/cm 3 or more, 1.5g/cm 3 or more, 1.6g/cm 3 or more, 1.7g/cm 3 or more, 1.8g/ cm 3 or more, 1.9g/cm 3 or more, 2.0g/cm 3 or more, 2.1g/cm 3 or more, 2.2g/cm 3 or more, 2.3g/cm 3 or more, 2.4g/cm 3 or more, 2.5g/cm 3 or more, or 2.6g/cm 3 or more; in a specific example, the apparent density of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is 4.5g/cm 3 or less, 4.4g/cm 3 or less, 4.2g/cm 3 or less , 4.0g/cm 3 or less, 3.8g/cm 3 or less, 3.6g/cm 3 or less, 3.5g/cm 3 or less, 3.4g/cm 3 or less, 3.2g/cm 3 or less, 3.0g/cm 3 or less, 2.9g/cm 3 or less, 2.8g/cm 3 or less or 2.7g/cm 3 or less; the apparent density of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is within a reasonable range consisting of any of the aforementioned endpoints, such as 0.8g/cm 3 Above and below 4.5g/ cm3 , above 1.2g/ cm3 and below 4.2g/ cm3 , etc.
於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度為至少1cm,例如至少1.5cm、至少2cm、至少2.5cm、至少3cm、至少3.5cm、至少4cm、至少4.5cm或至少5cm、至少6cm、至少7cm、至少8cm、至少9cm或至少10cm。隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度並無特定的上限,通常視情況調整所需的厚度,以符合實際需求(例如考量成本、所使用的骨材粒徑等)。於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度至多為15cm,或至多為前述厚度值,例如至多10cm、至多5cm等。於一具體實例中,隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度為前述厚度端點值所組成的合理數值範圍。 In a specific example, the thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is at least 1 cm, such as at least 1.5 cm, at least 2 cm, at least 2.5 cm, at least 3 cm, at least 3.5 cm, at least 4 cm, at least 4.5 cm, or at least 5 cm, at least 6cm, at least 7cm, at least 8cm, at least 9cm or at least 10cm. There is no specific upper limit for the thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B). The required thickness is usually adjusted depending on the situation to meet actual needs (such as cost, particle size of the aggregate used, etc.). In a specific example, the thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is at most 15 cm, or at most the aforementioned thickness value, such as at most 10 cm, at most 5 cm, etc. In a specific example, the thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B) is a reasonable numerical range composed of the aforementioned thickness endpoint values.
隔音地坪層體(B)因包含輕質骨材,因此結構強度與性質相較於傳統隔音材更佳,於一具體實例中,可無須額外結構材或板材,並 於其上方直接施作表面結構,例如直接進行貼合磁磚。 Since the sound insulation floor layer (B) contains lightweight aggregates, its structural strength and properties are better than those of traditional sound insulation materials. In a specific example, no additional structural materials or plates are needed, and A surface structure is applied directly above it, such as directly laminating tiles.
圖1為本創作隔音地坪層體(B)的一個具體實例的照片。 Figure 1 is a photograph of a specific example of the soundproof floor layer (B) of this creation.
B.隔音複合板材(C)B. Sound insulation composite panels (C)
本創作的隔音地坪層體(B)可進一步與消能層體(A)配合使用,以獲得更佳的隔音效果。因此,本創作亦提供一種隔音複合板材(C),其包含至少一層消能層體(A)與至少一層隔音地坪層體(B)。 The sound insulation floor layer (B) of this invention can be further used in conjunction with the energy dissipation layer (A) to obtain better sound insulation effects. Therefore, the invention also provides a sound-insulating composite panel (C), which includes at least one layer of energy-dissipating layer (A) and at least one layer of sound-insulating floor layer (B).
隔音地坪層體(B)Sound insulation floor layer (B)
本創作的隔音複合板材(C)所包含的隔音地坪層體(B),即如前文中所述者。 The sound-insulating floor layer (B) included in the sound-insulating composite panel (C) of this invention is as mentioned above.
消能層體(A)Energy dissipating layer (A)
消能層體(A)通常以纖維材料為主體組成,經紡織或熱壓或化學膠結加工形成一布狀透氣結構。 The energy-dissipating layer (A) is usually composed of fiber materials as the main body, and is formed into a cloth-like breathable structure through textile or hot pressing or chemical bonding processing.
於一具體實例中,消能層體(A)的材料包含纖維類,例如天然纖維或人造纖維。天然纖維的實例包含(但不限於)植物纖維(例如纖維素和木質素的組成)、木纖維(例如紙漿製物,包含擦拭紙等)、動物纖維(例如主要由蛋白質組成)、礦物纖維等。人造纖維的實例包含(但不限於)聚合物纖維。於一具體實例中,消能層體(A)呈不織布織物(無紡織物)的型態。於一具體實例中,纖維為透氣纖維。 In a specific example, the material of the energy-dissipating layer (A) includes fibers, such as natural fibers or artificial fibers. Examples of natural fibers include (but are not limited to) plant fibers (e.g., composed of cellulose and lignin), wood fibers (e.g., pulp products, including wipes, etc.), animal fibers (e.g., mainly composed of protein), mineral fibers, etc. . Examples of man-made fibers include, but are not limited to, polymeric fibers. In a specific example, the energy-dissipating layer (A) is in the form of a non-woven fabric (non-woven fabric). In a specific example, the fibers are breathable fibers.
本創作的隔音複合板材(C)中,隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度可如前文所述,且尤其較佳為2cm至10cm,例如約2cm、約3cm、約4cm、約5cm、約8cm、約9cm,或前述厚度端點值所組成的合理數值範圍。在隔音複合板材(C)中,消能層體(A)的厚度則為0.02cm至1.0cm,例如0.0254cm至0.8cm、0.033cm至0.75cm、0.05cm至0.635cm、 0.075cm至0.5cm、0.1cm至0.4m、0.15cm至0.3cm、0.2cm至0.25cm、約0.127cm、約0.15cm、約0.2cm、約0.254cm,或前述厚度端點值所組成的合理數值範圍。 In the sound-insulating composite panel (C) of the present invention, the thickness of the sound-insulating floor layer (B) can be as mentioned above, and is particularly preferably 2 cm to 10 cm, such as about 2 cm, about 3 cm, about 4 cm, about 5 cm, about 8cm, about 9cm, or a reasonable range of values consisting of the aforementioned thickness endpoints. In the sound insulation composite panel (C), the thickness of the energy dissipation layer (A) is 0.02cm to 1.0cm, such as 0.0254cm to 0.8cm, 0.033cm to 0.75cm, 0.05cm to 0.635cm, 0.075cm to 0.5cm, 0.1cm to 0.4m, 0.15cm to 0.3cm, 0.2cm to 0.25cm, about 0.127cm, about 0.15cm, about 0.2cm, about 0.254cm, or a reasonable range consisting of the aforementioned thickness endpoint values Numeric range.
於一具體實例中,隔音複合板材(C)包含複數層隔音地坪層體(B)與複數層消能層體(A),其中隔音地坪層體(B)與消能層體(A)呈交錯層疊形式,即,…消能層體(A)/隔音地坪層體(B)/消能層體(A)/隔音地坪層體(B-2)…。於一特定具體實例中,隔音複合板材(C)包含一層隔音地坪層體(B)與兩層消能層體(A),其中隔音地坪層體(B)位於兩層消能層體(A)之間。於一特定具體實例中,隔音複合板材(C)包含兩層隔音地坪層體(B)與兩層消能層體(A),其中隔音地坪層體(B)與消能層體(A)呈交錯層疊形式。 In a specific example, the sound-insulating composite panel (C) includes a plurality of sound-insulating floor layers (B) and a plurality of energy-dissipating layers (A), wherein the sound-insulating floor layer (B) and the energy-dissipating layer (A) ) is in the form of staggered stacking, that is,...energy dissipation layer (A)/sound insulation floor layer (B)/energy dissipation layer (A)/sound insulation floor layer (B-2).... In a specific example, the sound-insulating composite panel (C) includes one layer of sound-insulating floor layer (B) and two layers of energy-dissipating layers (A), where the sound-insulating floor layer (B) is located on the two layers of energy-dissipating layers. (A) between. In a specific example, the sound-insulating composite panel (C) includes two layers of sound-insulating floor layers (B) and two layers of energy-dissipating layers (A), wherein the sound-insulating floor layer (B) and the energy-dissipating layer (A) A) In the form of staggered stacking.
於一具體實例中,消能層體(A)與隔音地坪層體(B)亦藉由隔音地坪層體(B)中所包含的膠結材料接合,因此無須使用額外的接合劑。於一具體實例中,消能層體(A)與隔音地坪層體(B)進一步藉由接合劑接合。接合劑可為前述的膠結材料、白膠、磁磚黏著劑、水泥或未使用膠結劑直接將地坪層鋪於消能層(A)上。 In a specific example, the energy-dissipating layer (A) and the sound-insulating floor layer (B) are also joined by the cementing material contained in the sound-insulating floor layer (B), so there is no need to use additional cement. In a specific example, the energy dissipation layer (A) and the sound insulation floor layer (B) are further joined by a cement. The bonding agent can be the aforementioned cementing material, white glue, tile adhesive, cement, or the floor layer can be laid directly on the energy dissipation layer (A) without using a cementing agent.
隔音複合板材(C)的厚度可為1.2cm至20cm,例如2cm至15cm、3.5cm至10cm、5cm至8cm、5cm至12cm,或前述厚度端點值所組成的合理數值範圍。於一具體實例中,可以直接堆疊的形式或以合適的接合方式使用複數個隔音複合板材(C),以達成所欲的隔音效果。 The thickness of the sound insulation composite panel (C) can be 1.2cm to 20cm, such as 2cm to 15cm, 3.5cm to 10cm, 5cm to 8cm, 5cm to 12cm, or a reasonable range of values composed of the aforementioned thickness endpoints. In a specific example, a plurality of sound-insulating composite panels (C) can be directly stacked or used in a suitable joint manner to achieve the desired sound-insulating effect.
圖2A至2C為本創作隔音地坪板材(C)的具體實例示意圖。 Figures 2A to 2C are schematic diagrams of specific examples of the soundproof floor board (C) of this invention.
C.隔音/吸音功效C. Sound insulation/sound absorption effect
可以習知標準及指標評估或評定隔音效果。於一個具體實 例中,以樓板表面材衝擊音降低量指標(△Lw)進行評估,指標可以分貝數差值(△dB或△dBA)表示。於一個具體實例中,測試比較方法使用CNS8465-2標準評定隔音效果。於一個具體實例中,使用本創作的隔音複合板材(C)作為隔音材時測得指標△dB大於17dB,例如大於18dB、大於19dB、大於20dB、大於21dB、大於22dB等。 You can learn the standards and indicators to evaluate or evaluate the sound insulation effect. in a specific reality In this example, the impact sound reduction index (△Lw) of the floor surface material is used for evaluation, and the index can be expressed as the difference in decibels (△dB or △dBA). In a specific example, the test comparison method uses the CNS8465-2 standard to evaluate the sound insulation effect. In a specific example, when using the sound-insulating composite board (C) of the invention as a sound-insulating material, the measured index ΔdB is greater than 17dB, such as greater than 18dB, greater than 19dB, greater than 20dB, greater than 21dB, greater than 22dB, etc.
於一個具體實例中,隔音複合板材(C)對低頻音頻(小於等於500Hz)具有良好的隔音功效,例如於低頻處△dB可高達25至30dB的效果;此相較於傳統隔音地坪層體(B)(例如使用混凝土類層所形成不具孔隙率或孔隙率極低者)提供了更佳的整體及低頻處隔音功效。 In a specific example, the sound-insulating composite board (C) has a good sound-insulating effect on low-frequency audio (less than or equal to 500 Hz). For example, the △dB effect at low frequencies can be as high as 25 to 30dB; this is compared with traditional sound-insulating floor layers. (B) (for example, using a concrete layer with no porosity or very low porosity) provides better overall and low-frequency sound insulation effect.
於一具體實例中,因隔音複合板材(C)中的隔音地坪層體(B)具有前述的功能,也因此使用隔音複合板材(C)時亦可無須額外結構材或板材,並於其上方直接施作表面結構,例如直接進行貼合磁磚。在一個具體實例中,將隔音複合板材(C)放置或接合至樓板上,並於隔音複合板材上方直接施作表面結構。 In a specific example, since the sound-insulating floor layer (B) in the sound-insulating composite panel (C) has the aforementioned functions, there is no need for additional structural materials or boards when using the sound-insulating composite panel (C). The surface structure is applied directly above, for example, tiles are directly laminated. In a specific example, the sound-insulating composite panel (C) is placed or joined to the floor slab, and the surface structure is applied directly above the sound-insulating composite panel.
D.製備隔音地坪層體(B)的方法D. Method for preparing sound insulation floor layer (B)
本創作亦提供一種製備隔音地坪層體(B)的方法,包含以下步驟:(1)混合包含輕質骨材的骨材與視情況使用的膠結材料;(2)乾燥混合物使結構固化;及(3)形成該隔音地坪層體(B)。 The invention also provides a method for preparing the sound insulation floor layer body (B), which includes the following steps: (1) mixing aggregates including lightweight aggregates and cementing materials as appropriate; (2) drying the mixture to solidify the structure; and (3) forming the sound insulation floor layer body (B).
在一個具體實例中,步驟(1)的骨材進一步包含重質骨材。在一個具體實例中,步驟(1)為步驟(1-1):其中骨材包含兩種以上的骨材,且將不同的骨材分別與膠結材料混合;在一個具體實例中,方法進一 步包含步驟(1-2):將不同的混合物分層鋪設。在一個具體實例中,膠結材料呈懸浮體形式使用。 In a specific example, the aggregate in step (1) further includes heavy aggregate. In a specific example, step (1) is step (1-1): the aggregate includes two or more types of aggregate, and the different aggregates are mixed with the cementing material respectively; in a specific example, the method further The step consists of steps (1-2): Laying different mixtures in layers. In a specific example, the cementitious material is used in the form of a suspension.
在一個具體實例中,步驟(2)的乾燥時間為6至72小時,例如12至60小時、24至48小時。 In a specific example, the drying time of step (2) is 6 to 72 hours, such as 12 to 60 hours, 24 to 48 hours.
在一個具體實例中,在樓板上實施此製備方法,以在樓板上形成隔音地坪層體(B)。在一個具體實例中,在樓板上鋪設消能層(A),接著在消能層(A)上實施此製備方法,以在樓板上的消能層(A)上形成隔音地坪層體(B)。在一個具體實例中,在樓板上鋪設消能層(A),接著實施製備方法步驟(1),再鋪設第二消能層(A),接著實施製備方法步驟(1)至(3),以在樓板上形成多層隔音地坪層體(B)。在一個具體實例中,消能層體(A)為不織布層。 In a specific example, the preparation method is implemented on the floor to form the sound insulation floor layer body (B) on the floor. In a specific example, the energy dissipation layer (A) is laid on the floor, and then the preparation method is implemented on the energy dissipation layer (A) to form a sound insulation floor layer body (A) on the energy dissipation layer (A) on the floor. B). In a specific example, the energy dissipation layer (A) is laid on the floor, and then the preparation method step (1) is implemented, and then the second energy dissipation layer (A) is laid, and then the preparation method steps (1) to (3) are implemented, To form a multi-layer sound insulation floor layer (B) on the floor. In a specific example, the energy-dissipating layer (A) is a nonwoven layer.
E.製備隔音複合板材(C)的方法E. Method for preparing sound insulation composite panels (C)
本創作亦提供一種製備隔音複合板材(C)方法,包含以下步驟:(a)混合包含輕質骨材的骨材與視情況使用的膠結材料;(b)於模具內放置消能層體(A);(c)將步驟(a)之混合物注入模具中;(d)乾燥使結構固化,及(e)形成該隔音複合板材(C)。 This creation also provides a method for preparing sound-insulating composite panels (C), which includes the following steps: (a) mixing aggregates including lightweight aggregates and cementing materials used as appropriate; (b) placing an energy-dissipating layer in the mold ( A); (c) inject the mixture of step (a) into the mold; (d) dry to solidify the structure, and (e) form the sound-insulating composite panel (C).
在一個具體實例中,步驟(a)的骨材進一步包含重質骨材。在一個具體實例中,步驟(a)為步驟(a-1):其中骨材包含兩種以上的骨材,且將不同的骨材分別與膠結材料混合。在一個具體實例中,膠結材料呈懸浮體形式使用。 In a specific example, the aggregate of step (a) further comprises heavy aggregate. In a specific example, step (a) is step (a-1): the aggregate includes two or more aggregates, and the different aggregates are mixed with the cementing material respectively. In a specific example, the cementitious material is used in the form of a suspension.
在一個具體實例中,步驟(b)的消能層體(A)為不織布層。 In a specific example, the energy-dissipating layer (A) of step (b) is a nonwoven layer.
在一個具體實例中,方法進一步包含步驟(c-1):將不同的混合物分層鋪設。 In a specific example, the method further comprises the step (c-1) of layering different mixtures.
在一個具體實例中,重複進行步驟(a)至(c)至少一次,接著進行步驟(d)及(e)。在一個具體實例中,重複進行步驟(a)至(d)至少一次,接著進行步驟(e)。 In a specific example, steps (a) to (c) are repeated at least once, followed by steps (d) and (e). In a specific example, steps (a) to (d) are repeated at least once, followed by step (e).
在一個具體實例中,步驟(d)的乾燥時間為6至72小時,例如12至60小時、24至48小時。 In a specific example, the drying time of step (d) is 6 to 72 hours, such as 12 to 60 hours, 24 to 48 hours.
創作人提供以下實例用以更清楚說明創作概念,實例並不意欲限制所欲主張的權利範圍。 The creator provides the following examples to more clearly illustrate the creative concept. The examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed rights.
實例Example
測定消音量及評估隔音功效Determine the amount of attenuation and evaluate the effectiveness of sound insulation
以圖3A(實例1至4)或圖3B(實例5)所示的樓板結構(D-1)/(D-2)進行消音量的測定及評估隔音功效,測試比較方法使用的標準為CNS 8465-2標準評定隔音效果。實驗步驟為:(1)將習知之音源衝擊量測器放置於圖3A或3B結構上;(2)將收音麥克風放置於結構下方;(3)音源衝擊量測器音敲擊發出聲音而收音麥克風偵測音量;(4)根據偵測結果計算頻率衝擊聲壓為減低量(△dB)。 Use the floor structure (D-1)/(D-2) shown in Figure 3A (Examples 1 to 4) or Figure 3B (Example 5) to measure the attenuation volume and evaluate the sound insulation effect. The standard used for the test comparison method is CNS 8465-2 standard evaluates sound insulation effect. The experimental steps are: (1) Place the conventional sound source impact measuring device on the structure shown in Figure 3A or 3B; (2) Place the sound pickup microphone below the structure; (3) The sound source impact measuring device makes a sound by tapping it. The microphone detects the volume; (4) Calculate the frequency impact sound pressure as the reduction amount (△dB) based on the detection results.
實例1Example 1
以輕質玻珠作為輕質骨材,測試不同厚度的隔音地坪層體(B)所展現的隔音功效。條件及結果如表1所示:
所使用的膠結材料為乳膠,骨材與膠結材料的比例為3:1。消能層(A)為不織布,厚度為0.25cm。 The cementing material used is latex, and the ratio of aggregate to cementing material is 3:1. The energy dissipation layer (A) is non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.25cm.
比較例1-1可視為消能層(A)可提供的隔音效果,由表1結果明顯可見本創作的隔音地坪層體(B)發揮優異的隔音功效,因dB為對數指標,顯示阻擋聲能效果提高約數倍至十數倍。 Comparative Example 1-1 can be regarded as the sound insulation effect provided by the energy dissipation layer (A). From the results in Table 1, it can be clearly seen that the sound insulation floor layer (B) of this invention exerts excellent sound insulation effect, because dB is a logarithmic index, showing blocking The sound energy effect is increased by about several times to ten times.
實例2Example 2
使用不同骨材及孔隙率的隔音地坪層體(B)評估隔音效果,條件及結果如表2所示:
所使用的隔音地坪層體(B)厚度為5cm,膠結材料為乳膠,骨材與膠結材料的比例為輕質玻珠3:1、陶粒18:1、輕質洗石子30:1。消能層(A)為不織布,厚度為0.25cm。 The thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B) used is 5cm, the cementing material is latex, and the ratio of aggregate to cementing material is lightweight glass beads 3:1, ceramsite 18:1, and lightweight washed stones 30:1. The energy dissipation layer (A) is non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.25cm.
由上可見不同材料、粒徑、密度的輕質骨材均可用於本創作的隔音地坪層體(B),且具有所要求孔隙率,並且均展現了優異的隔音功效。 It can be seen from the above that lightweight aggregates of different materials, particle sizes, and densities can be used in the sound insulation floor layer (B) of this invention, and have the required porosity, and all exhibit excellent sound insulation effects.
實例3Example 3
使用輕質玻珠作為骨材,以不使用膠結材料的方式或搭配不同膠結材料所製得的隔音地坪層體(B)評估隔音效果,條件及結果如表3-1所示:
*實例3-5至3-7為定性測量所獲得的趨勢數據。 *Examples 3-5 to 3-7 are trend data obtained from qualitative measurements.
所使用的隔音地坪層體(B)厚度為5cm,消能層(A)為不織布,厚度0.25cm The sound insulation floor layer (B) used is 5cm thick, and the energy dissipation layer (A) is non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.25cm.
由上可知,無論使用膠結材料與否,只要隔音地坪層體(B)具有所欲的孔隙率,均可展現優異的消音效果;此外,使用適當的膠結材料可達成更良好的消音效果。另觀察到,尤其在中高頻處(例如>1000Hz)相較於比較例具有更佳的隔音效果。 It can be seen from the above that no matter whether cementing materials are used or not, as long as the sound insulation floor layer (B) has the desired porosity, it can exhibit excellent sound attenuation effect; in addition, using appropriate cementing materials can achieve better sound attenuation effects. It is also observed that the sound insulation effect is better than that of the comparative example, especially at medium and high frequencies (for example, >1000 Hz).
使用不同比例的乳膠作為膠結材料所製得的隔音地坪層體(B)評估隔音效果,條件及結果如表3-2所示:
所使用的消能層(A)為不織布,厚度為0.25cm。 The energy dissipation layer (A) used is non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.25cm.
由表3-2結果可知,使用不同比例的膠結材料,在符合所欲的孔隙率時,亦均可提供更優異的隔音效果。 It can be seen from the results in Table 3-2 that using different proportions of cementing materials can provide better sound insulation effects when the desired porosity is met.
實例4Example 4
使用輕質玻珠作為輕質骨材,及進一步搭配不同重質骨材所製得的隔音地坪層體(B)評估隔音效果,條件及結果如表4所示:
所使用的隔音地坪層體(B)厚度為5cm,膠結材料為乳膠,骨材與膠結材料的比例為3:1。消能層(A)為不織布,厚度為0.25 cm。 The thickness of the sound insulation floor layer (B) used is 5cm, the cementing material is latex, and the ratio of aggregate to cementing material is 3:1. The energy dissipation layer (A) is non-woven fabric with a thickness of 0.25 cm.
由上表4結果可知,同時使用輕質骨材與重質骨材時,亦可達成良好的隔音效果,且甚至有可能提升整體隔音性能。另觀察到,在重質骨材存在時,對低頻(<500Hz)的音頻有更好的隔音效果。 It can be seen from the results in Table 4 above that when using both lightweight and heavy aggregates, good sound insulation effects can be achieved, and the overall sound insulation performance may even be improved. It has also been observed that in the presence of heavy aggregates, there is a better sound insulation effect on low-frequency (<500Hz) audio.
實例5Example 5
使用輕質玻珠作為骨材,搭配不同消能層(A)的厚度、隔音地坪層體(B)的厚度與結構評估隔音效果,條件及結果如表5所示:
所使用的膠結材料為乳膠,骨材與膠結材料的比例為3:1。 The cementing material used is latex, and the ratio of aggregate to cementing material is 3:1.
由上表5可知,使用不同種類的纖維類消能層(A)可達成良好的隔音效果。此外,在總厚度相同的情況下,採用多層結構時,甚至有 可能提升大幅整體隔音性能。 It can be seen from Table 5 above that using different types of fiber energy-dissipating layers (A) can achieve good sound insulation effects. In addition, when the total thickness is the same, when using a multi-layer structure, there are even It is possible to significantly improve the overall sound insulation performance.
實例6Example 6
將已知技術的隔音樓板(D')與包含本創作的隔音地坪層體(B)的樓板(D)進行隔音功能的測試及比較,測試樣品的示意圖如圖4A,測試結果如圖4B所示。 The sound insulation function of the sound insulation floor slab (D') of the known technology and the floor slab (D) containing the sound insulation floor layer (B) of the present invention are tested and compared. The schematic diagram of the test sample is shown in Figure 4A, and the test results are shown in Figure 4B. shown.
已知技術的隔音樓板(D')所達成的消音量(△dB)為約21,本創作樓板(D)樣品則為約29,具有顯著提升的隔音效能。此外,由於隔音地坪層體(B)的特性,無須如已知技術中使用打底層(CM),即可直接施作磁磚黏著劑(AD)及磁磚(T),就成本及/或工法而言更為有利。 The sound attenuation volume (ΔdB) achieved by the soundproof floor panel (D') of the known technology is about 21, while the floor panel (D) sample of this invention is about 29, which has significantly improved sound insulation performance. In addition, due to the characteristics of the sound insulation floor layer (B), the tile adhesive (AD) and tiles (T) can be directly applied without using a base layer (CM) as in the known technology, which reduces the cost and/or Or it is more advantageous in terms of construction methods.
熟習此項技術者應顯而易知,可在不背離本創作之範疇或精神下對本創作之內容作出各種修改及變化。鑒於上文,意欲本創作涵蓋本創作之修改及變化,其限制條件為該等修改及變化處於以下申請專利範圍及其相等物之範疇內。 It should be obvious to those familiar with this technology that various modifications and changes can be made to the content of this creation without departing from the scope or spirit of this creation. In view of the above, this invention is intended to cover modifications and variations of this invention, provided that such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the following patent applications and their equivalents.
(A):消能層/消能層體 (A): Energy dissipation layer/energy dissipation layer body
(B):隔音地坪層體 (B): Sound insulation floor layer
(C):隔音複合板材 (C): Sound insulation composite panels
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