TWM613967U - 射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件 - Google Patents
射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件包括支撐層以及兩阻燃層。支撐層由多孔隙纖維織物所構成。支撐層具有第一面與相反於第一面的第二面。兩阻燃層各由熱塑阻燃高分子材料所構成。兩阻燃層經射出成型而分別至少包覆支撐層的第一面與第二面。
Description
本創作關於防火結構件，特別是關於射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件。
目前的纖維複合材料具有良好的力學性質，如高強度、低密度等，廣泛應用於航太、鐵路、機械製造、建築等多個領域。而使纖維複合材料具有阻燃性，從而阻火延燒，是目前阻燃纖維複合材料的重要發展方向。
一般來說，無機化合物是較有機化合物為更具耐燃、防火的材料，故一般由無機化合物與有機化合物複合而成的多層結構，都會使用無機化合物層做為面對火源的設計，以達防火之目的。
目前常見的多層阻燃結構，大多是以熱壓成型的方式形成板材，無法成型複雜的結構設計，如加強肋、螺絲柱等，導致其應用的範圍及條件大幅受限。而另一種多層阻燃材料則是利用熱固性複合材料塗布在無機板材（如矽酸鈣板、不鏽鋼板等）上，透過無機板材的防火特性，可避免火焰燒穿，但熱固性材料無法回收再使用，對環境造成負擔。
因此，提供一種具有複雜結構設計，並具有優異的抗延燒防火特性，且能夠有效回收與循環利用的結構件成為當前重要的課題。
本創作提供的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件所要解決的技術問題在於：目前的多層阻燃結構無法具有複雜的結構，且無法進行有效回收與循環利用。
本創作提供一種射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，包括支撐層以及兩阻燃層。支撐層由多孔隙纖維織物所構成。支撐層具有第一面與相反於第一面的第二面。兩阻燃層各由熱塑阻燃高分子材料所構成。兩阻燃層經射出成型而分別至少包覆支撐層的第一面與第二面。
於本創作的一實施例中，熱塑阻燃高分子材料為半結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物或非結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物。
於本創作的一實施例中，多孔隙纖維織物為短纖布、長纖布、編織纖維布、不織布、單方向纖維布、多軸多層織物、或上述的組合。
於本創作的一實施例中，多孔隙纖維織物之目數為介於100～5000之間。
於本創作的一實施例中，多孔隙纖維織物由石墨纖維、石墨烯纖維、碳纖維、玻璃纖維、陶瓷纖維、硼氮纖維、氮化矽纖維、礦鹽纖維、芳香系聚醯胺纖維、芳綸合成纖維、或上述的組合所構成。
於本創作的一實施例中，熱塑阻燃高分子材料包含有：聚醯胺，聚醯胺為尼龍6、尼龍66或其之組合，而聚醯胺所占的重量百分比為17.7至27.7%；潤滑劑，潤滑劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；抗氧化劑，抗氧化劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；表面活性劑，表面活性劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；導熱增強改質劑，導熱增強改質劑中具有氧化鎂，而導熱增強改質劑所占的重量百分比為65至75%；以及阻燃劑，阻燃劑為磷氮無鹵阻燃劑或鹵素阻燃劑，阻燃劑所占重量百分比為7至12%。
於本創作的一實施例中，射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件具有UL94-5VA的耐燃等級。
於本創作的一實施例中，兩阻燃層中至少一阻燃層於異於支撐層的一側經射出成型形成有數個沿一第一方向延伸的第一肋。
於本創作的另一實施例中，形成有數個第一肋的阻燃層經射出成型另形成有數個沿正交於第一方向的第二方向延伸的第二肋，且數個第二肋與數個第一肋彼此交錯連接。上述第一肋與第二肋結構有利於結構強度之提升進而增加防護之強度。
於本創作的再一實施例中，兩阻燃層中至少一阻燃層於異於支撐層的一側經射出成型形成有數個螺絲柱。該螺絲柱結構有利於本創作與其他結構件或是零件進行組裝結合。
基於上述，在本創作的上述實施例中，藉由阻燃層由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成，故可有效回收與循環利用。熱塑阻燃高分子材料防火等級已取得UL 94-5VA認證，故將熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成之阻燃層設置於多層抗延燒防火結構件的兩外側，無論火源位於多層抗延燒防火結構件的任何一側，皆可有效達到防火的目的。再者，由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成的阻燃層除了取得UL 94-5VA耐燃等級外，也可以承受高溫1000℃的火焰直接燒烤，而不被火焰貫穿，且經火焰燒烤後，會產生碳化層結構，可以進一步有效阻隔火焰，而位於中間的支撐層能夠提供結構強度，使多層抗延燒防火結構件在火焰燒烤下仍保持完整結構，另一側沒有接觸火焰的阻燃層則不會被火焰貫穿，亦不會產生碳化層結構。此外，兩阻燃層經射出成型而分別包覆支撐層的第一面與第二面，具有設計彈性可直接成型複雜形狀，有別於傳統熱壓成型僅能形成板材的窘境，有利於產品結構設計。
為讓本創作的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。
有關本創作所採用之技術、手段及其功效，茲舉四較佳實施例並配合圖式詳述如後，此僅供說明之用，在專利申請上並不受此種結構之限制。
請參照圖1與圖2，為本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第一實施例的爆炸示意圖與剖面示意圖，本實施例射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件包括一支撐層10與至少兩阻燃層20。
支撐層10由一多孔隙纖維織物所構成，且支撐層10具有一第一面11與一相反於第一面11的第二面12。前述的多孔隙纖維織物能夠為短纖布、長纖布、編織纖維布、不織布、單方向纖維布、多軸多層織物、或上述的組合。此外，多孔隙纖維織物之目數能夠為介於100～5000之間。進一步地，多孔隙纖維織物能夠由石墨纖維、石墨烯纖維、碳纖維、玻璃纖維、陶瓷纖維、硼氮纖維、氮化矽纖維、礦鹽纖維、芳香系聚醯胺纖維、芳綸合成纖維、或上述的組合所構成。
兩阻燃層20各由一熱塑阻燃高分子材料所構成，兩阻燃層20經射出成型而分別至少包覆支撐層10的第一面11與第二面12。於本實施例中，兩阻燃層20其中之一阻燃層20經高分子射出成型製程而包覆於支撐層10的第一面11，且另一阻燃層20經高分子射出成型製程而包覆於支撐層10的第二面12，即兩阻燃層20分別位於支撐層10的相反兩側，進而交聯形成如圖2所示的三明治多層結構，且由於阻燃層20由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成，故可有效回收與循環利用。
前述的熱塑阻燃高分子材料能夠為半結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物或非結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物。進一步地，熱塑阻燃高分子材料包含有聚醯胺、潤滑劑、抗氧化劑、表面活性劑、導熱增強改質劑以及阻燃劑。聚醯胺為尼龍6、尼龍66或其之組合，而聚醯胺所占的重量百分比為17.7至27.7%。潤滑劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%。抗氧化劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%。表面活性劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%。導熱增強改質劑中具有氧化鎂，而導熱增強改質劑所占的重量百分比為65至75%。阻燃劑為磷氮無鹵阻燃劑或鹵素阻燃劑，阻燃劑所占重量百分比為7至12%。
由於前述的熱塑阻燃高分子材料具有不遜於無機化合物的防火效果，其防火等級已取得UL 94-5VA認證，故將熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成之阻燃層20設置於多層抗延燒防火結構件的兩外側，無論火源位於多層抗延燒防火結構件的任何一側，皆可有效達到防火的目的。
再者，由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成的阻燃層20除了取得UL 94-5VA耐燃等級外，也可以承受高溫1000℃的火焰直接燒烤，而不被火焰貫穿，且經火焰燒烤後，會產生碳化層結構，可以進一步有效阻隔火焰，而位於中間的支撐層10能夠提供結構強度，使多層抗延燒防火結構件在火焰燒烤下仍保持完整結構，另一側沒有接觸火焰的阻燃層20則不會被火焰貫穿，亦不會產生碳化層結構。
此外，兩阻燃層20經射出成型而分別包覆支撐層10的第一面11與第二面12，具有設計彈性可直接成型複雜形狀，有別於傳統熱壓成型僅能形成板材的窘境，有利於產品結構設計，將詳於後述。
請參照圖3，為本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第二實施例的外觀示意圖，本實施例與第一實施例的結構大致相同，差異在於：兩阻燃層20中至少一阻燃層20於異於支撐層10的一側經射出成型形成有數個沿一第一方向延伸的第一肋21。換言之，兩阻燃層20其中之一阻燃層20經高分子射出成型製程不僅包覆於支撐層10，更於異於支撐層10的一側形成有數個第一肋21，而此實施例所指的第一方向能夠為多層抗延燒防火結構件的長度方向，且數個第一肋21彼此平行地延伸。
請參照圖4，為本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第三實施例的外觀示意圖，本實施例與第二實施例的結構大致相同，差異在於：形成有數個第一肋21的阻燃層20經射出成型另形成有數個沿一正交於第一方向的第二方向延伸的第二肋22，且數個第二肋22與數個第一肋21彼此交錯連接。此實施例所指的第二方向能夠為多層抗延燒防火結構件的寬度方向，且數個第二肋22彼此平行地延伸而與數個第一肋21形成格狀結構。上述第一肋21與第二肋22結構有利於結構強度之提升進而增加防護之強度。
請參照圖5，為本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第四實施例的外觀示意圖，本實施例與第三實施例的結構大致相同，差異在於：兩阻燃層20中至少一阻燃層20，本實施例中為形成有數個第一肋21與數個第二肋22的阻燃層20，其於異於支撐層10的一側，即形成有數個第一肋21與數個第二肋22的一側經射出成型更形成有數個螺絲柱23。於此實施例中，數個螺絲柱23形成於數個第二肋22與數個第一肋21之間數個交錯連接處的其中數處。螺絲柱23結構有利於本創作與其他結構件或是零件進行組裝結合
綜上所述，本創作上述實施例所提供的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，藉由阻燃層20由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成，故可有效回收與循環利用。熱塑阻燃高分子材料防火等級已取得UL 94-5VA認證，故將熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成之阻燃層20設置於多層抗延燒防火結構件的兩外側，無論火源位於多層抗延燒防火結構件的任何一側，皆可有效達到防火的目的。再者，由熱塑阻燃高分子材料構成的阻燃層20除了取得UL 94-5VA耐燃等級外，也可以承受高溫1000℃的火焰直接燒烤，而不被火焰貫穿，且經火焰燒烤後，會產生碳化層結構，可以進一步有效阻隔火焰，而位於中間的支撐層10能夠提供結構強度，使多層抗延燒防火結構件在火焰燒烤下仍保持完整結構，另一側沒有接觸火焰的阻燃層則不會被火焰貫穿，亦不會產生碳化層結構。此外，兩阻燃層20經射出成型而分別包覆支撐層10的第一面11與第二面12，具有設計彈性可直接成型複雜形狀，有別於傳統熱壓成型僅能形成板材的窘境，有利於產品結構設計。
惟以上所述者，僅為本創作之實施例而已，當不能以此限定本創作實施之範圍，即大凡依本創作申請專利範圍及新型說明內容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾，皆仍屬本創作專利涵蓋之範圍內。另外，本創作的任一實施例或申請專利範圍不須達成本創作所揭露之全部目的或優點或特點。此外，摘要部分和標題僅是用來輔助專利文件搜尋之用，並非用來限制本創作之權利範圍。另外，本說明書或申請專利範圍中提及的「第一」及「第二」等用語僅用以命名元件（element）的名稱或區別不同實施例或範圍，而並非用來限制元件數量上的上限或下限。
10:支撐層
11:第一面
12:第二面
20:阻燃層
21:第一肋
22:第二肋
23:螺絲柱
圖1是本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第一實施例的爆炸示意圖。
圖2是本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第一實施例的剖面示意圖。
圖3是本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第二實施例的外觀示意圖。
圖4是本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第三實施例的外觀示意圖。
圖5是本創作射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件第四實施例的外觀示意圖。
10:支撐層
11:第一面
12:第二面
20:阻燃層
Claims (10)
- 一種射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，包括： 一支撐層，由一多孔隙纖維織物所構成，該支撐層具有一第一面與一相反於該第一面的第二面；以及 兩阻燃層，各由一熱塑阻燃高分子材料所構成，該兩阻燃層經射出成型而分別至少包覆該支撐層的該第一面與該第二面。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該熱塑阻燃高分子材料為半結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物或非結晶熱塑性高分子材料複合物。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該多孔隙纖維織物為短纖布、長纖布、編織纖維布、不織布、單方向纖維布、多軸多層織物、或上述的組合。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該多孔隙纖維織物之目數為介於100～5000之間。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該多孔隙纖維織物由石墨纖維、石墨烯纖維、碳纖維、玻璃纖維、陶瓷纖維、硼氮纖維、氮化矽纖維、礦鹽纖維、芳香系聚醯胺纖維、芳綸合成纖維、或上述的組合所構成。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該熱塑阻燃高分子材料包含有：聚醯胺，該聚醯胺為尼龍6、尼龍66或其之組合，而該聚醯胺所占的重量百分比為17.7至27.7%；潤滑劑，該潤滑劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；抗氧化劑，該抗氧化劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；表面活性劑，該表面活性劑所占的重量百分比為0.1至2.5%；導熱增強改質劑，該導熱增強改質劑中具有氧化鎂，而該導熱增強改質劑所占的重量百分比為65至75%；以及阻燃劑，該阻燃劑為磷氮無鹵阻燃劑或鹵素阻燃劑，該阻燃劑所占重量百分比為7至12%。
- 如請求項1所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其具有UL94-5VA的耐燃等級。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該兩阻燃層中至少一阻燃層於異於該支撐層的一側經射出成型形成有數個沿一第一方向延伸的第一肋。
- 如請求項8所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中形成有該數個第一肋的該阻燃層經射出成型另形成有數個沿一正交於該第一方向的第二方向延伸的第二肋，且該數個第二肋與該數個第一肋彼此交錯連接。
- 如請求項1至7中任一項所述的射出成型之多層抗延燒防火結構件，其中該兩阻燃層中至少一阻燃層於異於該支撐層的一側經射出成型形成有數個螺絲柱。
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| US17/533,219 US20220250351A1 (en) | 2021-02-05 | 2021-11-23 | Multilayer fire extension resistant and fire protection structure manufactured by injection molding |
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