TWM598130U - 用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件、支撐件組合以及與其對應之導模板推入件及夯棒 - Google Patents

用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件、支撐件組合以及與其對應之導模板推入件及夯棒 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWM598130U
TWM598130U TW108216960U TW108216960U TWM598130U TW M598130 U TWM598130 U TW M598130U TW 108216960 U TW108216960 U TW 108216960U TW 108216960 U TW108216960 U TW 108216960U TW M598130 U TWM598130 U TW M598130U
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
support
connecting portion
support member
patent application
scope
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TW108216960U
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English (en)
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謝瑞洋
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謝瑞洋
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Priority to TW108216960U priority Critical patent/TWM598130U/zh
Priority to JP2020002774U priority patent/JP3228260U/ja
Publication of TWM598130U publication Critical patent/TWM598130U/zh
Priority to KR2020200003157U priority patent/KR200496422Y1/ko
Priority to US17/098,938 priority patent/US11759330B2/en
Priority to EP20208174.1A priority patent/EP3838200A1/en

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Abstract

本創作提供一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件及包含其之支撐件組合,以及與該支撐件對應之導模板推入件及夯棒。該支撐件包括一本體;相互鳩尾配合之一第一連結部及一第二連結部,其分別形成於該本體之上側及下側;及一導引結構,其形成於該本體之一側,該導引結構包括導引孔及緩衝槽,以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該導引結構。本創作之支撐件可依序植入個體的骨體內或骨體間進行組合,改善習知單一巨尺寸植入物造成周圍神經傷害之缺陷。

Description

用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件、支撐件組合以及與其對應之導模板推入件及夯棒
本創作係關於一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件及支撐件組合,以及與該支撐件對應之導模板推入件及夯棒,特別係一種可在骨體內或骨體間進行組合之支撐件及包含其之支撐件組合、與該支撐件對應之導模板推入件及夯棒。
現今已邁入老年化社會,眾多老人易患有骨質疏鬆症(osteoporosis),可能發生骨折,甚至是脊椎壓迫性骨折(vertebral compression fracture),雖然大多數患者的脊椎壓迫性骨折會於數個月內癒合,然而,在恢復期間內,患者常因持續性腰背疼痛、神經壓迫進而影響生活,導致活動不便、臥病在床,甚至產生褥瘡、肺炎、尿路感染等併發症。此外,部分罹患脊椎壓迫性骨折的患者會發生骨折不癒合而持續長久疼痛,進而導致脊椎整體穩固性不足與駝背變形,促使相鄰脊椎節也發生骨牌效應式脊椎壓迫性骨折。倘若病人罹患椎間盤退化性疾病(degenerative disc disease) 、椎間盤突出(herniation of intervertebral disc) 、脊椎滑脫(spondylolisthesis)、椎弓解離(spondylolysis) 、神經管狹窄(spinal canal stenosis)、假性關節病(pseudoarthrosis)等相關疾病,會造成背痛、坐骨神經痛(sciatica)、神經性跛行 (claudication)與腳無力。
關於脊椎壓迫性骨折的治療,「開放性後側脊椎固定」與「骨融合手術」是採用脊椎螺釘固定脊椎以作為支撐;微創經皮「椎體成形術(Vertebroplasty)」則使用骨穿刺針器具,在X光影像導引下,將骨水泥經由小傷口穿過椎莖突灌入骨折的脊椎體內,藉以填充塌陷之脊椎體,以達到止痛效果;然而,此方法無法矯正變形的椎體。另一種所謂微創經皮「球囊擴張椎體後凸成形術(Balloon Kyphoplasty)」,則利用一可擴張之球體來恢復椎體的高度,隨後移出球體,再填充「骨水泥」於因球體擴張所製造的空腔內,藉此矯正部分的脊椎體崩塌變形;然而,此方法無法有效矯正變形的椎體,且須使用骨水泥。此外尚有利用千斤頂(jack)、三腳架(tripod)等機械原理,設計成精密醫療器材,植入於脊椎體內支撐骨折;然而,此方法之機械構造複雜、支撐效果有限,且仍必須搭配骨水泥輔助填充。
此外,於脊椎體內置入植入物是目前一種治療脊椎壓迫性骨折之方法,然而,當所需的植入物尺寸太大時,在植入過程時易撐破椎莖、而損傷害周圍神經;但若植入物尺寸不足,植入後撐開效果有限、相對於椎體過小,無法完全支撐坍塌椎體。
另一方面,對於個體骨體間的治療,目前較多是採用「椎體間融合術(intervertebral fusion)」搭配「後路脊椎固定術(posterior spinal instrumentation)」進行骨體之間的治療,可更加強其剛性固定效果(rigid fixation)。
關於椎體間融合術之切入途徑(approach)有:前路(ALIF, anterior lumbar interbody fusion)、外側/斜外側(LLIF/OLIF, lateral/oblique lumbar interbody fusion)、後外路或經椎間孔(PLIF/TLIF, posterolateral/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion)。前述之「前路」途徑是此領域的金標準,可植入最大尺寸支撐物,然而,需從腹腔進入,傷口大、可能損傷腸道、腹主動脈、輸尿管、或併發疝氣與逆行性射精(retrograde ejaculation),對於骨科、神經外科醫師而言,技術門檻難度高;「外側/斜外側」可降低「前路」之缺點,然需使用特殊器械;「後外路或經椎間孔」途徑,臨床上最普遍使用,然而,入口因脊髓與脊神經阻擋而狹窄(limited window),故難以使用足夠尺寸之支撐物。
此外,於脊椎體間置入植入物是目前一種增加椎體間融合之方法,然而,當所需的植入物尺寸太大時,在植入過程時易損傷周圍神經、血管、其他重要生理組織;但若植入物尺寸不足與上下椎體接觸面積過小,可能使壓力過於集中造成其他衍生問題。
以個體骨體內植入物的技術而言,習知開放性後側脊椎固定與骨融合手術,應用於骨質疏鬆患者,為避免螺釘鬆脫,需加大傷口、使用更多螺釘固定更多節脊椎,然而長節脊椎固定手術,其時間長、流血多,更易讓年老病人產生多重併發症,例如背部僵硬、心肺功能衰竭、感染等。而微創經皮穿刺椎體擴張成形術所用之「骨水泥」則可能外洩至脊椎體外;若往血管處嚴重滲漏,可能導致動脈栓塞、脈栓塞、腦中風;若往脊髓或神經根嚴重滲漏,骨水泥硬化時產生之高熱,將導致周圍神經嚴重損傷及神經壓迫。此外,骨水泥因其骨相容性差、硬度過高,長時間在椎體內當填充物,會產生骨溶蝕、骨折不癒合、鄰近脊椎節骨折等情況。
以個體骨體間植入物的技術而言,習知之椎體間融合器為椎間籠(intervertebral cage),粗分為單一結構型與複合結構型。常見的單一結構型之外觀有盤型、直子彈型(straight bullet-shaped)、香蕉型(banana-shaped)等,雖設計結構簡易,惟操作時需搭配複雜工具,才能避免植入時損傷到神經血管,因此,臨床應用常無法使用足夠尺寸,致使其與上下椎體接觸面積不足,可能壓力集中造成椎間籠沈陷(subsidence)於椎體內、或滑脫擠出(extrusion)、與無法促成椎體間融合而形成假關節(psedoarthrosis)。複合結構型椎間籠包括了結合螺釘型、與擴張結構型,結合螺釘型雖可增加固定效果,然亦增加手術困難度,且僅能應用於前路椎體間融合術;擴張結構型椎間籠有內外(medial-lateral)擴張型、上下(caudal-cranial)擴張型,雖可增加接觸面積與固定效果,惟具有相當複雜的機械構造,如:更多的關節(articulations)與應力集中點(points of stress concentration),因此,不止限制了其內填塞移植骨之數量(the amount of bone graft  packaged),亦增加長期疲勞破壞(fatigue failure)與椎體間假關節之可能。
更進一步而言,對於植入物尚須排除複雜的機械組合,以避免植入物因長時間在體內而產生的疲勞、解離、失效等狀況,且植入物較佳需具備良好骨相容性,甚至可促進骨折癒合,需排除甚少或不可應用於人體內的材料物質。因此,目前對於骨折治療,醫療人員及科研人員面臨許多需難題尚待克服。
有鑑於此,為解決上述問題,本創作之主要目的在於提供一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件,其包括:一本體,其具有一上側及相對該上側之一下側;一第一連結部,其形成於該本體之該上側,呈鳩尾狀; 一第二連結部,其形成於該本體之該下側,該第二連結部對應該第一連結部;及一導引結構,其形成於該本體之一側,以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該導引結構;其中,該支撐件之該第一連結部可供另一支撐件之第二連結部相互鳩尾配合以連結。
於一較佳實施例,該第一連結部係一鳩尾凸塊,該第二連結部係一鳩尾凹槽,可使該支撐件滑入後不易解離。
於一較佳實施例,該第一連結部前側進一步包括一第一定位部,該第二連結部前側進一步包括與該第一定位部對應之一第二定位部;該第一定位部係一定位凸點,該第二定位部係一定位凹槽,其可使該支撐件相互定位扣合。
於一較佳實施例,該本體前側具U型溝結構,其形變壓縮可使支撐件容易扣合、其形變回彈可使支撐件不易解離。
於一較佳實施例,該導引結構包括複數個導引孔及/或緩衝槽。
於一較佳實施例,該導引孔與該緩衝槽結構為漸進式偏角度、偏位置、形狀微差或大小微差。
於一較佳實施例,該本體係一或複數個鏤空結構。
於一較佳實施例,該鏤空結構之孔洞內係可填充補骨材料或骨水泥。
於一較佳實施例,該骨體係脊椎。
於一較佳實施例,該支撐件之材料包含金屬、高分子塑膠或其混合物。
本創作之另一目的在於提供一種導模板推入件,其係用於將如前所述之支撐件導引至個體骨體內或骨體間,其包括複數個連接銷栓、一延長部及一握持部,該延長部之一端連接於該複數個連接銷栓、另一端連接於該握持部;該延長部及/或該握持部具有:一第三連結部,其形成於該延長部及/或該握持部之上側,呈鳩尾狀;一第四連結部,其形成於該延長部及/或該握持部之下側,該第四連結部對應該第三連結部;其中,該複數個連接銷栓可對應接合該支撐件之該導引結構。
於一較佳實施例,該導模板推入件進一步包括:複數個連接銷栓與緩衝座。
於一較佳實施例,該連接銷栓數為二,且該連接銷栓係與該導引結構間形成漸進式偏角度、偏位置、形狀微差或大小微差。
於一較佳實施例,該導模板推入件之第三連結部,可對應該支撐件之第二連結部;第四連結部可對應該支撐件之第一連結部;使彼此可相耦合連結並於滑軌推入前進。
本創作之另一目的在於提供一種夯棒,其係可與如前所述之支撐件或導模板推入件對應配合,該夯棒包括一細長軸及與該細長軸連接之一握持部;其中,該細長軸及/或該握持部之上側進一步包括對應該第二連結部之一第五連結部,以及該細長軸及/或該握持部之下側進一步包括對應該第一連結部之一第六連結部。
本創作之另一目的在於提供一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件組合,其包含:複數個如前所述之支撐件,其中一支撐件之第一連結部係與另一支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾連結,以依序連結複數個該支撐件。
本創作具有以下優勢功效:
1. 本創作之支撐件為微件,可以一較小尺寸植入骨體內或骨體間,再於骨體內或骨體間複數組合成支撐件組合,實現微創小傷口、低侵入性之臨床手術的可能;
2. 本創作之夯棒可復位骨折與壓推前一支撐件;導模板推入件可將該支撐件導入骨體內或骨體間,與前一支撐件係彼此滑接而上下相扣合,並可順利移除該導模板推入件。
3.本創作之支撐件組合,可於複數個支撐件依序植入一骨體內或骨體間後再行組合連結,以使該支撐件組合撐張所欲治療之骨體終版(end plate),而撐開骨折塌陷部份,藉此改善習知植入技術中,單一尺寸植入物所無法達到「進入骨體內或骨體間前是微單件、進入骨體內或骨體間後可組成為大整塊」之狀況,且亦避免單一尺寸植入物於植入過程中撐破骨結構(如:椎莖)、損害周圍神經(如脊髓、脊神經)、血管(如腹主動脈、脊椎動脈)、其他重要生理組織(如輸尿管)、或尺寸不夠而無支撐效果之缺點。
有關本創作之詳細說明及技術內容,現就配合圖式說明如下。再者,本創作中之圖式,為說明方便,其比例未必照實際比例繪製,該等圖式及其比例並非用以限制本創作之範圍,在此先行敘明。
本文中所稱之「包含或包括」意指不排除一或多個其他組件、步驟、操作和/或元素的存在或添加至所述之組件、步驟、操作和/或元素。「一」意指該物的語法對象為一或一個以上(即,至少為一)。
下文中,將進一步以詳細說明及實施態樣描述本創作,然而,應理解這些實施態樣僅用於幫助可更加容易理解本創作,而非用以限制本創作之範圍。
本創作除可應用於植入人類骨體內或骨體間之外,亦可適用於如兩棲動物、爬行動物、鳥類、和哺乳類等脊椎動物。此外,本創作可應用於任何適合之動物骨體內或骨體間,較佳的骨體包括但不限於脊椎。於一較佳實施態樣中,該骨體係脊椎。
一般而言,於骨體植入物方面,習知技術難以實現微創小傷口同時達到足夠支撐度的可能。本創作旨在提供一支撐件、支撐件組合、用於將該支撐件導引至個體骨體內或骨體間之導模板推入件及用於輔助植入操作之夯棒,有效解決骨折臨床醫學問題,以下列舉本創作具體實施態樣進行說明。
[實施例1至4]-支撐件
以下請一併參照「圖1」至「圖4」,其所示分別為本創作支撐件100實施例1至4之立體示意圖,如圖所示:
實施例1至4係用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件100,其包括:一本體11、一第一連結部12、一第二連結部13及一導引結構14。該本體11具有一上側及相對該上側之一下側。於實施例3中,該本體11較佳係一或複數個鏤空結構(如圖3所示);此一實施態樣之優勢在於,該鏤空結構內可填充補骨材料或骨水泥,亦可提供骨母細胞增生空間與養份傳輸,因此,鏤空結構不僅可具有仿骨小樑般的支撐效果更有利於支撐物本體或其中之填充物與周圍骨質融合,而產生促進骨折癒合之效果。 於實施例2中,該本體具有一或複數個孔洞(如圖2所示),例如但不限於,具有直徑約0.3 mm至5 mm連通孔洞;該孔洞之作用實意在於,可提供補骨材料填充空間,促進骨母細胞增生與養份傳輸空間,強化骨水泥填充之附著,減少植入物之重量與楊氏彈性模數(Young's modulus)。前述楊氏彈性模數,也稱楊氏模數(英語:Young's modulus),一般將楊氏模數習慣稱爲彈性模量。
該第一連結部12係形成於該本體11之該上側,呈鳩尾狀,而該第二連結部13係形成於該本體11之該下側,且該第二連結部13對應該第一連結部12,其中,該支撐件100之該第一連結部12可供另一支撐件之第二連結部13相互鳩尾配合(如:鳩尾榫接)以連結。本文所述之「鳩尾」係指如由本體延伸(或凹入)的梯形結構,而鳩尾配合或榫接則是指該延伸之梯形結構與該凹入的梯形結構可藉由卡合、扣合或滑接等方式達互相固定的狀態。於一較佳實施態樣中,該第一連結部係一鳩尾凸塊,該第二連結部係一鳩尾凹槽,因此,一支撐件之第一連結部可與另一支撐件之第二連結部相互鳩尾配合(如圖5所示);此一結構特徵之作用實意在於,支撐件有下底梯型的鳩尾凹槽,滑入前一支撐件的鳩尾凸塊所形成之「上頂軌」時,可防止左右側傾斜與上下解離,於植入骨體內或骨體間後相扣合鎖定。於一些實施態樣中,該第一連結部係一鳩尾凸塊,且呈前窄後寬,後一將植入支撐件之第二連結部係一鳩尾凹槽,滑入時,可允前進、不允後退。
於一些實施態樣中,該第一連結部可進一步包括一第一定位部,該第二連結部進一步包括與該第一定位部對應之一第二定位部。前述定位部之設計例如但不限於:該第一定位部係一凸狀結構,該第二定位部係一與該凸狀結構對應之凹狀結構;或該第一定位部係一凹狀結構,該第二第位部係一與該凹狀結構對應之凸狀結構;此一設計之優勢在於,第一定位部與第二定位部在結構上可互相扣合,使組合之二個支撐件不易鬆脫。於一較佳實施態樣中,該第一定位部係一凸起結構,該第二定位部係一凹入結構。實施例1及3係於該支撐件100之第一連結部12前側有終端定位凸點(即,第一定位部121),該凸點可滑入下一個植入之支撐件100之定位凹點(即,第二定位部131),並可防止前後滑脫。實施例2及4係於該支撐件100之第一連結部12前側有終端定位凸塊(即,第一定位部121),該凸塊可滑入下一個植入之支撐件100之定位凹槽(即,第二定位部131),並可防止前後滑脫。於一較佳實施態樣中,該本體11具有一U型溝結構151(如圖2及4所示);該U型溝結構151之作用實意在於,當次一支撐件將滑入前一支撐件、二者定位部相互扣合前,可彈性擠壓縮該U型溝結構151以提供相當之變形空間,使定位凸點較容易扣合入定位凹點;相互扣合後,該U型結構回彈為原樣,使定位凸點紮實扣合定位凹點,避免支撐件解離。
該導引結構14係形成於該本體11之一側,該導引結構14例如但不限於:導引孔141,以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該導引結構14。於一較佳實施態樣中,該導引結構包括複數個導引孔,並且前述導引孔之數量為複數個,例如但不限於:2、3、4或5個等;前述導引孔之形狀,本創作不予限定,該導引孔可以係例如圓孔狀、方孔狀、三角孔狀、其他多邊形孔狀或不規則孔狀等。於實施例1至3中,該本體11之一側形成有二個導引孔141,以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該二個導引孔141。於實施例4中,該導引孔141具有淺寬深尖之漸進式凹狀緩衝槽142(如圖4所示),以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該二個導引孔141與該緩衝槽142。該導引結構之作用實意在於,可與該導模板推入件(如後詳述)前端之「連接銷栓」相連接,而前述二個導引孔與緩衝槽可能為:「偏角度」向前外散開(或內聚合);「偏位置」向外側平移(或向內聚平移);「大小」漸細(或漸粗);「形狀」錐形(或柱形)等。
於一較佳實施態樣中,本創作支撐件之材料包含金屬、高分子塑膠或其混合物等生物相容材料,其中金屬例如但不限於:鎂合金、鉭合金(如:TaC、TaN)、鈦合金(如:Gummetal ®)、鎳鈦合金、鎳鈦銅合金、鈷鉻合金(如:非磁性鈷基之可硬化鈷-鉻-鎳系超合金Elgiloy ®)、鈷鉻鎳合金(如:Phynox ®)、鉻鎢鎳合金(如:L605)、鈷鉻釩合金、鈷鎳鉻鉬合金(如:MP35N或者MP20N)、不鏽鋼材料(如:316、316L 或者304)、或金屬玻璃等,高分子塑膠可包括聚合物、共聚物、複合材料或其等之混合物等,例如但不限於:苯乙烯類、烯烴類(olefenic)、聚烯烴類、聚胺基甲酸酯熱塑性彈性體、聚醯胺、聚丁二烯、聚異丁烯、聚(苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯)、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚氯丁二烯及聚矽氧、熱塑性聚氨酯(TPU)、聚氨酯(PU)、聚矽氧烷類(如:PDMS及h-PDMS)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)、矽橡膠等。於一更佳實施態樣中,本創作支撐件之材料包含鈦合金。本實施態樣之優勢在於,依據該支撐件之材料特性,植入骨體內或骨體間之複數個植入件可相扣合疊高或並排,直至整體支撐件組合達到所欲之高度及支撐力道。
此外,本創作支撐件的尺寸,較佳係依據目標植入部位之空間大小及植入骨體手術所創造的傷口大小而調整,例如若植入的目標部位為脊椎體,為能盡量減小鑿透脊椎骨的孔洞以避免傷及週遭神經與血管,則該支撐件可設計得較為細長,因此,使用者可依據需求對於本創作支撐件進行調整變化,本創作對支撐件之尺寸不予限定。
[實施例5]-支撐件組合
以下請一併參照「圖5」及「圖6」,其所示分別為本創作支撐件組合200之剖面示意圖及立體示意圖,圖中支撐件組合200中的支撐件,統一由下至上分別稱為第一支撐件21、第二支撐件22、第三支撐件23、第四支撐件24、第五支撐件25,且由於植入操作時是由同一方向植入各支撐件,故導引結構213係朝向同一方向,如圖所示:
實施例5係用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件組合200,其包含:複數個如上所述之支撐件,其中一支撐件之第一連結部係與另一支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾連結。以如圖5進行說明,一支撐件之第一連結部係與下一個植入之支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾連結(即,連結部211),以依序連結複數個該支撐件;其中,一支撐件之第一定位部可滑入下一個植入之支撐件之第二定位部(即,定位部212),並可防止前後滑脫。
於一較佳實施態樣中,一支撐件組合可包含2至7個該支撐件。於一更佳實施態樣中,一支撐件組合可包含3至5個該支撐件。本實施例即為5個支撐件之組合,如圖6所示,其中該第一支撐件21及第五支撐件25為鏤空結構,可提供骨母細胞增生空間與養份傳輸;第二至第四支撐件(22、23、24)為實心結構,可由疊加方式來增加撐開高度及強度,達到上下椎體撐開目的。此外,由圖5及6可以看出,第一支撐件21因僅需與第二支撐件22連結組合,故可以僅具有第一連結部;第五支撐件25因僅需與第四支撐件24連結組合,故可以僅具有第二連結部。
本創作之支撐件可於植入一骨體內或骨體間後再行模組化扣合疊高及/或加寬,直至整體支撐件組合達到所欲之支撐力道,以使該支撐件組合撐張所欲治療之骨體終版(end plate),而達到撐開骨體內骨折或固定骨體間目的。因此,本創作可在有限狹小之骨體內或骨體間,將複數個支撐件組合在一起,進而堅實固定骨體本身或骨體間,所需植入的支撐件數量,視所需復位骨體之高度或固定骨體間距離而定,理論上可無限組建置填充滿實整個骨體內或骨體間為止。藉此改善習知植入技術中,單一尺寸植入物所無法達到「進入骨體內或骨體間前是微單件、進入骨體內或骨體間後可組成為大整塊」之狀況,且亦避免單一尺寸植入物於植入過程中撐破骨結構(如:椎莖)、損害周圍神經(如脊髓、脊神經)、血管(如腹主動脈、脊椎動脈)、其他重要生理組織(如輸尿管)、或尺寸不夠而無支撐效果之缺點。
對於組合該支撐件的操作方式,可利用本創作之導模板推入件對應接合支撐件之導引結構,以將一支撐件導引至個體骨體內或骨體間與前一植入支撐件彼此滑接而上下相扣合,並可順利移除。以下對於植入及組合操作進行說明,請參照「圖7」:
本創作之支撐件311可與一工作組件相互配合使用以進行植入操作,於本文中將前述組成稱為植入系統300。
該工作組件係與該支撐件311相配合,用於將該支撐件311植入個體骨體內或骨體間。該工作組件包括選自由一導入件(introducer,圖未示)、一鑽鉸件(reamer,圖未示)、一工作套管(working cannula,33)、一夯棒(tamper,圖未示)及一導模板推入件(template plug,32)所組成之群組之其一或其組合。
該導入件包括一導入部、一延長部及一握持部,該延長部之一端連接於該導入部、另一端連接於該握持部,該導入部非與該延長部連接之端係呈尖銳狀。於一較佳實施例中,該導入件之該導入部及該延長部為實心或中空狀。該導入件可逐步增大鑿透脊椎骨之尺寸,而能擺置工作套管。該導入件由具戳針型結構導入部的數個尺寸之實心或空心導入件之組合應用,目的為可連續逐步增大鑿透脊椎骨,避免一次大尺寸鑿透脊椎骨而傷到周邊神經血管。
該鑽鉸件包括一鑽鉸部、一延長部及一握持部,該延長部之一端連接於該鑽鉸部、另一端連接於該握持部,該鑽鉸部係一螺旋型鋒利結構,該鑽鉸件可用於將骨渣移推或取出。該鑽鉸件具有之螺旋鋒利結構可鑽入骨體內達確切位置,鉸出骨渣可供病理檢驗。
該工作套管包括一中空管體及一握持部,該中空管體可供該導入件之該導入部及該延長部、該夯棒之該細長軸、該導模板推入件之該二個連接銷栓及該延長部穿入。該工作套管之中空管體結構可承接該導入件逐步增大鑿透脊椎骨後之最大尺寸,亦可允許該鑽鉸件、該夯棒、該導模板推入件與該支撐件植入進出之通道,藉以限定該植入系統之工作位置。
該夯棒及該導模板推入件之具體示例將於實施例6至8詳述。圖7中以導模板推入件32組合支撐件311的操作為示例,該導模板推入件32之連接銷栓321可對應接合該支撐件311之該導引結構,單個支撐件311可植入個體的骨體內或骨體間,或二個或二個以上的支撐件311可依序導入個體的骨體並在其內進行組合,而形成具足夠支撐力的支撐件組合31。
[實施例6及7]-導模板推入件
以下請一併參照「圖8」及「圖9」,其所示分別為本創作導模板推入件400實施例6及7之立體示意圖,如圖所示:
實施例6及7之導模板推入件400可用於將本創作之支撐件導引至個體骨體內或骨體間,該導模板推入件400包括一連接銷栓41、一延長部42及一握持部43,該延長部42之一端連接於該連接銷栓41、另一端連接於該握持部43。
前述連接銷栓41可對應接合該支撐件之該導引結構,故該連接銷栓41之結構設計係配合該導引結構,例如位置對應、結構對應及/或數量對應等。如前所述,該導引結構係於該本體之一側具有導引孔與緩衝槽,該導引孔之數量可以係2、3、4或5個等,因此,該連接銷栓較佳係與該導引孔對應之數量,即分別為2、3、4或5個連接銷栓等。以對應前述實施例1至4為例,於實施例6及7中,該連接銷栓41係2個連接銷栓41,因此該導模板推入件400之該連接銷栓41可對應對應接合2個導引孔。實施例7中,該連接銷栓41為前尖後寬之漸進式凸狀緩衝座45(如圖9所示),其可對應淺寬深尖之漸進式凹狀緩衝槽之導引結構。於一較佳實施態樣中,該二連接銷栓係與該導引結構間形成「偏角度」(例如:向前外散開或向前內聚合)、「偏位置」(例如:向外側平移或向內平移)、「形狀微差」(例如:錐形或柱形)或「大小微差」(例如:漸細或漸粗)等;此一結構特徵與作用實意:連接銷栓與該導引結構間些微的結構落差可使該支撐件與該導模板推頭達暫時扣合,而不會輕易脫落。
為便於複數個導模板推入件400在操作植入支撐件時可穩定不偏移,因此,該導模板推入件400可進一步包括一耦合配位結構44,即一第三連結部441及一第四連結部442,該第三連結部441位於該延長部42及該握持部43之上側,該第四連結部442位於該延長部42及該握持部43之下側。支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾凹部對應第三連結部441鳩尾凸部,可相耦合連結並於滑軌推入前進;支撐件之第一連結部鳩尾凸部對應第四連結部442鳩尾凹部,可相耦合連結並於滑軌推入前進。具體而言例如,具有如支撐件相同構造之上下側連結部:上側呈鳩尾凸塊狀,下側呈鳩尾凹槽狀,以連結另一導模板推入件。
以下請參照「圖9」,當「前一」導模板推入件400以連接銷栓41與狀緩衝座45,夾持著「前一」支撐件之導引孔141與緩衝槽142,並已固定於骨體內或骨體間,接著,其第三連結部441可耦合連結如下:「次一」支撐件之第二連結部13鳩尾凹部,及夾持此「次一」支撐件之「次一」導模板推入件第四連結部442鳩尾凹部。當「次一」導模板推入件400已將「次一」支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾凹部卡扣於「前一」支撐件之第一連結部鳩尾凸部,「前一」導模板推入件400即可將連接銷栓41與狀緩衝座45,解離「前一」支撐件之導引孔與緩衝槽,且第三連結部441可解離「次一」導模板推入件第四連結部442鳩尾凹部。
簡而言之,當「次一」導模板推入件夾持「次一」支撐件,順著「前一」導模板推入件,而卡扣住「前一」支撐件後,「前一」導模板推入件即可解離「前一」支撐件。依此概念,二個或二個以上的支撐件可依序導入骨體內或骨體間,並在其內進行組合。
[實施例8]-夯棒
以下請參照「圖10」,其所示為本創作實施例8之夯棒500的立體示意圖,如圖所示:
該夯棒500係可與如前所述之支撐件對應配合,包括一細長軸51及與該細長軸51連接之一握持部52,該夯棒500可復位骨折與壓推前一支撐件。
以下請參照「圖10」(a)及(b)中之放大圖,為便於該夯棒500於操作時可穩定不偏移,該夯棒500可進一步包括一耦合配位結構53,本實施例中,該耦合配位結構53係於該細長軸51及/或該握持部52之上側可包括對應該支撐件之該第二連結部之一第五連結部531,以及該細長軸51及/或該握持部52之下側進一步包括對應該第一連結部之一第六連結部532。進一步地,由於前述該導模板推入件之該第三連結部同樣可對應該第二連結部,而該第四連結部同樣可對應該第一連結部,因此,該夯棒500之該第五連結部531可與該導模板推入件之該第四連結部對應滑接,而該夯棒500之該第六連結部532可與該導模板推入件之該第三連結部對應滑接。於一較佳實施例中,該夯棒之連結部具有如支撐件之連結部般相同構造:上側呈鳩尾凸塊狀,下側呈鳩尾凹槽狀,以連結導模板推入件。
該細長軸51較佳係與該支撐件相似卻較矮扁之結構,該細長軸51可以依據實際應用需求而有各式不同的尺寸設計;因此,可藉由交互應用複數個不同尺寸細長軸51的夯棒500,由小尺寸至大尺寸連續逐步向上頂撐塌陷骨折而恢復椎體高度,並下壓前一已植入支撐件而提供後一將植入支撐件之空間。
請參照「圖12」至「圖14」,其所示為一植入系統600之操作示意圖,其係將本創作應用於一脊椎體(vertebra,V)及一椎體間,如圖所示:
如圖11所示應用於脊椎體之示意圖,先藉逐步增大尺寸之導入件鑿透脊椎骨體穿過椎莖突P,以進入塌陷之脊椎體V內而能擺置工作套管63,以鑽鉸件將骨渣移推,以夯棒復位骨折,以導模板推入件62將一支撐件611導入骨體內或骨體間。重複以夯棒復位骨折與壓推該支撐件611,以導模板推入件62將下一支撐件導入脊椎骨體內或骨體間,且與前一支撐件611係彼此滑接而上下相扣合。
依據本創作,單個支撐件611可植入個體的脊椎體內或椎體間,接續以二個或二個以上的支撐件組合61可依序導入個體的脊椎體或椎體間並在其內進行組合(如圖12所示);或視骨折範圍及支撐力需求,植入雙側組支撐件組合61 (如圖13及14所示),改善習知單一巨尺寸植入物造成周圍神經傷害或支撐力不足之缺陷。
綜上所述,本創作之支撐件為微單體,可以一較小尺寸植入骨體內或骨體間,再於骨體內或骨體間複數組合成支撐件組合,實現微創小傷口、低侵入性之臨床手術的可能。並且本創作之導入件可逐步增大鑿透骨體之尺寸,而能擺置工作套管;鑽鉸件可將骨渣移推或取出;夯棒可復位骨折與壓推前一支撐件;導模板推入件可將該支撐件導入骨體內或骨體間,與前一支撐件係彼此滑接而上下相扣合,並可順利解離該導模板推入件。此外,本創作之支撐件組合,可於複數個支撐件依序植入一骨體內或骨體間後再行組合連結,以使該支撐件組合撐張所欲治療之骨體終版(end plate),而撐開骨折塌陷部份,藉此改善習知植入技術中,單一尺寸植入物所無法達到「進入骨體內或骨體間前是微單件、進入骨體內或骨體間後可組成為大整塊」之狀況,且亦避免單一尺寸植入物於植入過程中撐破骨結構(如:椎莖)、損害周圍神經(如脊髓、脊神經)、血管(如腹主動脈、脊椎動脈)、其他重要生理組織(如輸尿管)、或尺寸不夠而無支撐效果之缺點。
以上已將本創作做一詳細說明,惟以上所述者,僅為本創作之一較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本創作實施之範圍,即凡依本創作申請專利範圍所作之均等變化與修飾,皆應仍屬本創作之專利涵蓋範圍內。
100:支撐件 11:本體 12:第一連結部 121:第一定位部 13:第二連結部 131:第二定位部 14:導引結構 141:導引孔 142:緩衝槽 151:U型溝結構 200:支撐件組合 21:第一支撐件 211:連結部 212:定位部 213:導引結構 22:第二支撐件 23:第三支撐件 24:第四支撐件 25:第五支撐件 300:植入系統 31:支撐件組合 311:支撐件 32:導模板推入件 321:連接銷栓 33:工作套管 400:導模板推入件 41:連接銷栓 42:延長部 43:握持部 44:耦合配位結構 45: 緩衝座 441:第三連結部 442:第四連結部 500:夯棒 51:細長軸 52:握持部 53:耦合配位結構 531:第五連結部 532:第六連結部 600:植入系統 61:支撐件組合 611:支撐件 62:導模板推入件 63:工作套管 V:脊椎體 P:椎莖突
圖1(a)及(b)係本創作之支撐件實施例1之立體示意圖。 圖2(a)及(b)係本創作之支撐件實施例2之立體示意圖。 圖3(a)及(b)係本創作之支撐件實施例3之立體示意圖。 圖4係本創作之支撐件實施例4之立體示意圖。 圖5係本創作之支撐件組合一較佳實施態樣之剖面示意圖。 圖6係本創作之支撐件組合實施例5之立體示意圖。 圖7係本創作之植入系統一較佳實施態樣之組合示意圖。 圖8(a)及(b)係本創作之導模板推入件實施例6之立體示意圖。 圖9(a)及(b)係本創作之導模板推入件實施例7之立體示意圖。 圖10(a)及(b)係本創作之夯棒實施例8之立體示意圖。 圖11係本創作之植入系統一較佳實施態樣操作應用於脊椎骨體內示意圖之(a)軸面視圖及(b)左側視圖。 圖12係本創作之支撐件組合應用於脊椎骨體內之一較佳實施態樣之(a)軸面視圖及(b)左側視圖。 圖13係本創作之支撐件組合應用於脊椎骨體內之一較佳實施態樣之(a)軸面視圖及(b)左側視圖。 圖14係本創作之支撐件組合應用於脊椎骨體間之一較佳實施態樣之(a)軸面視圖及(b)左側視圖。
100:支撐件
11:本體
12:第一連結部
121:第一定位部
13:第二連結部
131:第二定位部
14:導引結構
141:導引孔

Claims (16)

  1. 一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件,其包括: 一本體,其具有一上側及相對該上側之一下側; 一第一連結部,其形成於該本體之該上側,呈鳩尾狀; 一第二連結部,其形成於該本體之該下側,該第二連結部對應該第一連結部;及 一導引結構,其形成於該本體之一側,以供外部之一導模板推入件對應接合該導引結構; 其中,該支撐件之該第一連結部可供另一支撐件之第二連結部相互鳩尾配合以連結。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該第一連結部係一鳩尾凸塊,該第二連結部係一鳩尾凹槽,可使該支撐件滑入後不易解離。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之支撐件,其中,該第一連結部前側進一步包括一第一定位部,該第二連結部前側進一步包括與該第一定位部對應之一第二定位部;該第一定位部係一定位凸點,該第二定位部係一定位凹槽,其可使該支撐件相互定位扣合。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該本體前側具U型溝結構,其形變壓縮可使支撐件容易扣合、其形變回彈可使支撐件不易解離。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該導引結構包括複數個導引孔及/或緩衝槽。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之支撐件,其中,該導引孔與該緩衝槽結構為漸進式偏角度、偏位置、形狀微差或大小微差。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該本體係一或複數個鏤空結構。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之支撐件,其中,該鏤空結構之孔洞內係可填充補骨材料或骨水泥。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該骨體係脊椎。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之支撐件,其中,該支撐件之材料包含金屬、高分子塑膠或其混合物。
  11. 一種導模板推入件,其係用於將如申請專利範圍第1至10任一項所述之支撐件導引至個體骨體內或骨體間,其包括複數個連接銷栓、一延長部及一握持部,該延長部之一端連接於該複數個連接銷栓、另一端連接於該握持部;該延長部及/或該握持部具有: 一第三連結部,其形成於該延長部及/或該握持部之上側,呈鳩尾狀; 一第四連結部,其形成於該延長部及/或該握持部之下側,該第四連結部對應該第三連結部; 其中,該複數個連接銷栓可對應接合該支撐件之該導引結構。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之導模板推入件,其進一步包括:複數個連接銷栓與緩衝座。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之導模板推入件,其中該連接銷栓數為二,且該連接銷栓係與該導引結構間形成漸進式偏角度、偏位置、形狀微差或大小微差。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之導模板推入件,其中,該導模板推入件之第三連結部,可對應該支撐件之第二連結部;第四連結部可對應該支撐件之第一連結部;使彼此可相耦合連結並於滑軌推入前進。
  15. 一種夯棒,其係可與如申請專利範圍第1至10任一項所述之支撐件或與如申請專利範圍第11至14任一項所述之導模板推入件對應配合,該夯棒包括一細長軸及與該細長軸連接之一握持部;其中,該細長軸及/或該握持部之上側進一步包括對應該第二連結部之一第五連結部,以及該細長軸及/或該握持部之下側進一步包括對應該第一連結部之一第六連結部。
  16. 一種用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件組合,其包含: 複數個如申請專利範圍第1至10任一項所述之支撐件,其中一支撐件之第一連結部係與另一支撐件之第二連結部鳩尾連結,以依序連結複數個該支撐件。
TW108216960U 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件、支撐件組合以及與其對應之導模板推入件及夯棒 TWM598130U (zh)

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TW108216960U TWM598130U (zh) 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 用於植入個體骨體內或骨體間之支撐件、支撐件組合以及與其對應之導模板推入件及夯棒
JP2020002774U JP3228260U (ja) 2019-12-19 2020-07-07 対象の骨内または骨間に挿入するスペーサー、スペーサーユニットおよびそれに対応するガイドテンプレートおよびタンパーロッド
KR2020200003157U KR200496422Y1 (ko) 2019-12-19 2020-08-28 개체 골격 내부 또는 골격 사이에 주입되는 지지부재, 지지부재 조합 및 이와 대응되는 가이드 템플릿 플러그 및 골 템퍼
US17/098,938 US11759330B2 (en) 2019-12-19 2020-11-16 Supporting member and supporting member assembly for implantation into or between subjects bones, and template plug and tamper corresponding to the same
EP20208174.1A EP3838200A1 (en) 2019-12-19 2020-11-17 Supporting member and supporting member assembly for implantation into or between subject s bones, and template plug and tamper corresponding to the same

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KR200496422Y1 (ko) 2023-01-27
US20210186707A1 (en) 2021-06-24
KR20210001485U (ko) 2021-06-30
EP3838200A1 (en) 2021-06-23
US11759330B2 (en) 2023-09-19

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