TWM591279U - Batteries-in-parallel power supply system of electric vehicle and power shunt thereof - Google Patents
Batteries-in-parallel power supply system of electric vehicle and power shunt thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本創作為一種電動車輛的電池並聯供電系統及其電力並聯器,該供電系統包含一第一電池模組、一第二電池模組、一馬達控制器及一電力並聯器,其中當該第二電池模組的電力低於一預設值,該電力並聯器係控制由從該第一電池模組提供電力至該馬達控制器,令該馬達控制器利用該第一電池模組的電力持續供電給電動車輛的馬達,提高電動車輛之續航力。This creation is a battery parallel power supply system for electric vehicles and its power parallel device. The power supply system includes a first battery module, a second battery module, a motor controller, and a power parallel device. The power of the battery module is lower than a preset value, the power shunter controls the supply of power from the first battery module to the motor controller, so that the motor controller uses the power of the first battery module to continuously supply power Give the motor of the electric vehicle to improve the endurance of the electric vehicle.
Description
本創作關於一種電動車輛的電池並聯供電系統及其電力並聯器,特別是指一種可提升電動車輛續航力的供電系統。This book is about a battery parallel power supply system for electric vehicles and its power shunt device, especially a power supply system that can improve the endurance of electric vehicles.
在全世界追求節能減碳的趨勢下,許多綠色能源逐漸受到大眾重視,希望有效降低對石油能源的依賴,其中,電動運輸工具也在這股潮流下漸漸興盛,政府對此綠能產業也積極推動並給予相對較高的補助優惠,以期藉此吸引大眾採用新興技術。In the world's pursuit of energy saving and carbon reduction, many green energy sources are gradually being valued by the public, hoping to effectively reduce their dependence on petroleum energy. Among them, electric transportation vehicles are also gradually prospering under this trend, and the government is also active in this green energy industry. Promote and give relatively high subsidies and concessions in order to attract the public to adopt emerging technologies.
對使用者而言,電動車輛之續航力是其中一種重要的考慮因素,續航力直接取決於電池容量大小。對於使用高功率馬達系統(例如大於4kW以上)的電動車輛,因為需要較多的電池數量才能滿足高功率需求,因此導致整體電池的重量增加。如此高重量的電池不便於使用者抽換移動,因而電池主要是固定設置在電動車輛內部,無法由使用者輕易取出,當使用者欲對電池進行充電時,必須將一充電線與車體連接方能對內部的電池進行充電,在充電操作方面具有較多的限制。For users, the endurance of electric vehicles is an important consideration. The endurance directly depends on the battery capacity. For electric vehicles that use a high-power motor system (eg, greater than 4kW or more), because a larger number of batteries are required to meet the high-power requirements, the overall battery weight is increased. Such a high-weight battery is not easy for the user to move, so the battery is mainly fixed in the electric vehicle and cannot be easily removed by the user. When the user wants to charge the battery, a charging line must be connected to the vehicle body Only then can the internal battery be charged, which has more restrictions on the charging operation.
另一方面,若電動車輛採用抽取式電池作為動力來源,抽取式電池允許使用者自行抽換而在外部進行充電,雖然可克服了體積重量及充電不便的問題,但這類型電池因容量不夠,最大輸出功率的表現不佳,故往往無法滿足高功率的馬達系統,導致電動車輛續航力不足。On the other hand, if the electric vehicle uses a removable battery as a source of power, the removable battery allows the user to replace it and charge it externally. Although it can overcome the problems of volume and weight and the inconvenience of charging, this type of battery has insufficient capacity. The performance of the maximum output power is not good, so it is often unable to meet the high-power motor system, resulting in insufficient endurance of electric vehicles.
[新型所欲解決之問題][New problem to be solved]
為克服現有電動車輛之供電系統續航力不佳的問題,本創作提供一種電池並聯供電系統及其電力並聯器,以提高電動車輛之續航力。In order to overcome the problem of poor endurance of the existing power supply system of electric vehicles, this creation provides a battery parallel power supply system and its power parallel device to improve the endurance of electric vehicles.
[解決問題之技術手段][Technical means to solve the problem]
依據本創作申請專利範圍第1項之較佳技術手段,本創作提供一種電力並聯器,應用於電動車輛的電池並聯供電系統,該電力並聯器包含:According to the preferred technical means of item 1 of the patent application scope of this creation, this creation provides a power parallel device, which is applied to the battery parallel power supply system of electric vehicles. The power parallel device includes:
一控制單元;A control unit;
一電連接該控制單元的開關元件,供連接於該電池並聯供電系統中的一第一電池模組及一第二電池模組之間;A switch element electrically connected to the control unit for connection between a first battery module and a second battery module in the battery parallel power supply system;
一電連接該控制單元的通訊單元,用以對外輸出該控制單元的資料;A communication unit electrically connected to the control unit for externally outputting data of the control unit;
其中,當該第二電池模組的電壓值達一臨界值以下,該控制單元令該開關元件轉為導通,該第一電池模組輸出的電力通過該電力並聯器而供應至該電池並聯供電系統中的一馬達控制器。Wherein, when the voltage value of the second battery module is below a critical value, the control unit turns the switching element on, and the power output by the first battery module is supplied to the battery in parallel through the power paralleler A motor controller in the system.
依據本創作申請專利範圍第7項之較佳技術手段,本創作提供一種電動車輛的電池並聯供電系統,該電動車輛包含一馬達,該系統包含:According to the preferred technical means of the seventh patent application of this creation, this creation provides a battery parallel power supply system for an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a motor, and the system includes:
一第一電池模組,包含至少一個第一電池,用以供應該馬達所需之電力;A first battery module, including at least one first battery, for supplying power required by the motor;
一第二電池模組,包含至少一個第二電池,用以供應該馬達所需之電力,該第二電池的電壓大於該第一電池的電壓;A second battery module including at least one second battery for supplying power required by the motor, the voltage of the second battery is greater than the voltage of the first battery;
一馬達控制器,連接該第二電池模組,用以控制該電動車輛的該馬達;A motor controller connected to the second battery module for controlling the motor of the electric vehicle;
如請求項1至6任一項所述之一電力並聯器,連接該第一電池模組及該馬達控制器;According to any one of claims 1 to 6 of a power parallel device, connect the first battery module and the motor controller;
其中,當該第二電池模組的電壓值達一臨界值以下,該控制單元令該開關元件轉為導通,該第一電池模組輸出的電力通過該電力並聯器而供應至該馬達控制器。Wherein, when the voltage value of the second battery module is below a critical value, the control unit turns the switching element on, and the power output by the first battery module is supplied to the motor controller through the power paralleler .
依據本創作申請專利範圍第8項之較佳技術手段,本創作提供一種電動車輛的電池並聯供電系統,該電動車輛包含一馬達,該系統包含:According to the preferred technical means of item 8 of this patent application, this patent provides a battery parallel power supply system for an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a motor. The system includes:
一第一電池模組,包含至少一個第一電池,用以供應該馬達所需之電力;A first battery module, including at least one first battery, for supplying power required by the motor;
一第二電池模組,包含至少一個第二電池,用以供應該馬達所需之電力,該第二電池的電壓大於該第一電池的電壓;A second battery module including at least one second battery for supplying power required by the motor, the voltage of the second battery is greater than the voltage of the first battery;
一馬達控制器,連接該第二電池模組,用以控制該電動車輛的該馬達;A motor controller connected to the second battery module for controlling the motor of the electric vehicle;
一車輛控制器,連接該第一電池模組、該第二電池模組以及該馬達控制器;A vehicle controller connected to the first battery module, the second battery module and the motor controller;
一電力並聯器,連接該第一電池模組及該馬達控制器,包含有: 一控制單元; 一電連接該控制單元的開關元件,供連接於該電池並聯供電系統中的一第一電池模組及一第二電池模組之間; 一電連接該控制單元的通訊單元,用以對外輸出該控制單元的資料至該車輛控制器; A power parallel device, connected to the first battery module and the motor controller, includes: A control unit; A switch element electrically connected to the control unit for connection between a first battery module and a second battery module in the battery parallel power supply system; A communication unit electrically connected to the control unit for externally outputting data of the control unit to the vehicle controller;
其中,當該第二電池模組的電壓值達一臨界值以下,該車輛控制器令該電力並聯器中的該開關元件轉為導通,該第一電池模組輸出的電力通過該電力並聯器而供應至該馬達控制器。Wherein, when the voltage value of the second battery module reaches a critical value or less, the vehicle controller turns on the switching element in the power parallel device, and the power output by the first battery module passes through the power parallel device It is supplied to the motor controller.
[新型之功效][New effect]
本創作藉由申請專利範圍第1項之功效在於:在該第二電池模組電力達於該臨界值以下時,該電力並聯器可自動控制其開關元件導通,令該第一電池模組提供電力予該電動車輛的馬達,維持該電動車輛之續航力。The effect of this creation by applying for the first item of the patent scope is that when the power of the second battery module reaches below the critical value, the power shunt can automatically control the switching element to turn on, so that the first battery module provides The electric power is given to the motor of the electric vehicle to maintain the endurance of the electric vehicle.
本創作藉由申請專利範圍第7項之功效在於:該電力並聯器根據該第一電池模組及該第二電池模組之電壓值,自動判斷該第二電池模組之電力是否低於該預設值,若是,該第一電池模組之電力可通過該電力並聯器而提供該馬達控制器,由該第一電池模組之電力接續對馬達供電,以提高該電動車輛之續航力。The effect of this creation by applying for the seventh item of the patent scope is that the power paralleler automatically determines whether the power of the second battery module is lower than the power value of the first battery module and the second battery module The preset value, if it is, the power of the first battery module can be provided to the motor controller through the power shunt, and the power of the first battery module is used to continuously supply power to the motor to improve the endurance of the electric vehicle.
本創作藉由申請專利範圍第8項之功效在於:該車輛控制器根據該第一電池模組及該第二電池模組之電壓值,判斷該第二電池模組之電力是否低於該預設值,若是,該車輛控制器控制將該第一電池模組之電力通過該電力並聯器而提供該馬達控制器,由該第一電池模組之電力接續對馬達供電,以提高該電動車輛之續航力。The effect of this creation by applying for the eighth item of the patent scope is that the vehicle controller determines whether the power of the second battery module is lower than the pre-charged value according to the voltage values of the first battery module and the second battery module Set value, if it is, the vehicle controller controls the power of the first battery module to provide the motor controller through the power shunt, and the power of the first battery module is used to continuously supply power to the motor to improve the electric vehicle Endurance.
請參考圖1所示,本創作的電動車輛電池並聯供電系統100設置於電動車輛內,用於提供電力予馬達200,並控制該馬達200運轉以驅動該電動車輛的車輪。該電動車輛供電系統100主要包含有一第一電池模組10、一第二電池模組20、一馬達控制器30及一電力並聯器40。Please refer to FIG. 1, the electric vehicle battery parallel
該第一電池模組10是由至少一個第一電池11構成,該第一電池11的額定電壓為第一電壓V1;在本實施例中,該第一電池模組10包含兩個並聯的第一電池11,各第一電池11為抽取式電池,可允許使用者從電動車輛中取出並攜至一外部充電座或一充電站進行充電,充電完成後再置回電動車輛內。The
該第二電池模組20中包含至少一個第二電池21及一電池管理電路,該第二電池21的額定電壓為第二電壓V2;相較於該第一電池11,該第二電池21的第二電壓V2高於該第一電壓V1,例如該第二電壓V2為該第一電壓V1的2倍(V2=2V1),且該第二電池21可儲存的能量也大於各第一電池11的容量,在本實施例中,該第二電池21的容量為各第一電池11容量的兩倍。該第二電池21可以是一固定電池,例如固定裝置在電動車輛內部;或者,該第二電池21是一抽取式電池,惟使用者並不需要經常性地將該第二電池21自電動車輛中取出進行充電,但在必要時亦允許使用者將其取出,放置在適配的一外部充電座進行充電。The
該馬達控制器(motor inverter)30連接該第二電池模組20,用於控制該馬達200的動作,該馬達控制器40的功能亦包含將該接收到的電力轉換為用於驅動該馬達200的驅動電壓。The
該電力並聯器(power combiner)40連接該第一電池模組10、該第二電池模組20及該馬達控制器30。請參考圖2所示,該電力並聯器40包含一控制單元41、一開關元件42、一通訊單元43。該開關元件42連接在該第一電池模組10及該第二電池模組20之間,並電連接該控制單元41,接受該控制單元41的控制以切換為導通狀態(ON)或關閉狀態(OFF),在一實施例中,該開關元件42為一MOS開關元件。該通訊單元43電連接該控制單元41,在本實施例中,該通訊單元43是一控制器區域網路(Controller Area Network, CAN)通訊單元,用以與電動車輛內部的CAN 匯流排(BUS)相接。The power combiner 40 connects the
該電力並聯器40亦可進一步包含一第一電壓感測元件44、一第二電壓感測元件45、一溫度感測元件46、一電流感測元件47、一可控式保險絲48。該第一電壓感測元件44連接該控制單元41及該第一電池模組10,感測該第一電池模組10的電壓值,感測出的該電壓值供該控制單元41進行判斷。該第二電壓感測元件45連接該控制單元41及該第二電池模組20,感測該第二電池模組20的電壓值,所測感測出的該電壓值供該控制單元41進行判斷。該溫度感測元件46連接該控制單元41,並感測該電力並聯器40的工作溫度,該工作溫度供該控制單元41判斷。該電流感測元件47連接該控制單元41並且串聯在該第一電池模組10及該開關元件42之間,測量該第一電池模組10輸出的電流值,所測得之電流值提供給該控制單元41判斷。該可控式保險絲48串聯該電流感測元件47及該開關元件42,由該控制單元41控制是否燒毀該可控式保險絲48。The power
當電動車輛的電源已開啟(key on)後,該電力並聯器40即量測該第一電池模組10的電壓值及該第二電池模組20的電壓值,該電力並聯器40中的控制單元41將該第二電池模組20的電壓值與預設的一臨界值相比較,當該第二電池模組20的電壓值大於該臨界值時,該電力並聯器40中的開關元件42維持在截止狀態(OFF),由該第二電池模組20供應電力至該馬達控制器30,由馬達控制器30轉換為驅動該馬達200的驅動電壓。When the power supply of the electric vehicle has been turned on (key on), the power
請參考圖3所示,當第二電池模組20的電壓值已經等於或低於該臨界值,該第二電池模組20中的開關22會由該第二電池模組20中的電池管理電路關閉。而該控制單元41會控制該開關元件42轉為導通狀態(ON),使第一電池模組10的電力透過該電力並聯器40傳送給該馬達控制器30。該馬達控制器30將第一電池模組10之電力轉換為驅動該馬達200的驅動電壓。舉例而言,若第二電池模組20的額定電壓為100V,該臨界值可以設定為68V,當該第二電池模組20的電力等於該臨界值68V或低於該臨界值68V以下,該第一電池模組10透過該電力並聯器40供電給該馬達200,因此使用者仍可持續騎乘該電動車輛以提高車輛的續航力,且車輛不會立即整車失去動力,仍給予使用者充足的時間對該第二電池模組20進行充電作業。Please refer to FIG. 3, when the voltage value of the
在該第一電池模組10供應電力給該馬達控制器30時,該電力並聯器40同時啟動保護機制,包含過電流及過溫保護。在該電流感測元件47測得之電流值大於預設的一電流警戒值時,或是該溫度感測元件46測得之工作溫度值大於一溫度警戒值時,只要任一種情形發生,該控制單元41即輸出一關閉指令以關閉該開關元件42,中斷該第一電池模組10的供電路徑並停止供應電力給該馬達控制器30,並對外送出代表過電流或過溫的一故障代碼,此故障代碼可透過該通訊單元43傳輸至電動車輛的一車輛控制器(VCU)。過電流保護可避免該第一電池模組10輸出的電流超過其最大額定電流而產生意外;過溫保護可避免電流過大或元件異常導致該電力並聯器40異常升溫而發生燒毀。When the
當控制單元41啟動上述保護機制,令該開關元件42轉為截止狀態(OFF)後,與該開關元件42相串聯的該電流感測元件47因為基於斷路原因理論上將不會再測得電流。惟該開關元件42若是無法完全關閉(例如發生故障或短路),該電流感測元件47仍會測得電流,當控制單元41判斷出仍持續有電流值存在時,該控制單元41更進一步控制該可控式保險絲48燒毀以保護電力系統,避免因電流過大或溫度過高導致電路或電動車輛燒毀,並進一步發出對應的故障代碼。When the
請參考圖4所示,為本創作的一第二實施例,該電力並聯器40的通訊單元43連接該電動車輛的一車輛控制器(VCU)50,該車輛控制器通常是作50作為電動車輛之整車控制中樞,本實施例與前述第一實施例之差異在於該車輛控制器50可執行該電力並聯器40中之控制單元41的部分或全部功能。例如該車輛控制器50判斷該第一電池模組10、該第二電池模組20的電壓值以控制該開關元件42為導通或截止;或判斷由該第一電池模組10輸出之電流是否超過該電流警戒值,以決定該開關元件42是否需要關閉;或判斷該溫度感測元件46測得之工作溫度值是否大於該溫度警戒值,以決定該開關元件42是否需要關閉;或判斷是否需控制該可控式保險絲48燒毀。該車輛控制器50根據所接收到的故障代碼,可得知目前電動車輛發生的問題種類,並控制電動車輛的顯示板輸出對應的提示訊息,供使用者參考。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a second embodiment of the present invention. The
如圖5所示,本創作可進一步包含一直流轉換器60,連接該第二電池模組20,用於將第二電池模組20的電壓轉換成一直流工作電壓,該直流工作電壓提供給電動車輛整車之電子元件使用。舉例而言,該直流轉換器60為一直流降壓轉換器(Buck DC/DC),可將較高準位的電壓轉換成較低準位的直流工作電壓(如12V),此直流工作電壓即可廣泛供應給整車之車載元件使用,例如車輛上的大燈、煞車燈、儀表板等車載元件。As shown in FIG. 5, the present invention may further include a
本創作藉可藉由該電力並聯器40自動判斷該第二電池模組20之電壓是否達預設的臨界值以下,若是,電力並聯器可導通其內部之開關元件42,令該第一電池模組10的電力供應至馬達控制器,作為車輛的接續電源以維持電動車輛的正常使用,不僅提高車輛的續航力,也讓使用者有充分的時間對第二電池模組進行電池更換或充電。This creation can automatically determine whether the voltage of the
綜上所述,乃僅記載本創作為呈現解決問題所採用的技術手段之實施方式或實施例而已,並非用來限定本創作專利實施之範圍。即凡與本創作專利申請範圍文義相符,或依本創作專利範圍所做的均等變化與修飾,皆為本創作專利範圍所涵蓋。In summary, it only describes the embodiments or examples of the technical means adopted by the creation to solve the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of the implementation of the creation patent. That is, any changes and modifications that are consistent with the context of the application scope of this creative patent, or equivalent changes made in accordance with the scope of this creative patent, are covered by this creative patent scope.
10‧‧‧第一電池模組
11‧‧‧第一電池
20‧‧‧第二電池模組
21‧‧‧第二電池
22‧‧‧開關
30‧‧‧馬達控制器
40‧‧‧電力並聯器
41‧‧‧控制單元
42‧‧‧開關元件
43‧‧‧通訊單元
44‧‧‧第一電壓感測元件
45‧‧‧第二電壓感測元件
46‧‧‧溫度感測元件
47‧‧‧電流感測元件
48‧‧‧可控式保險絲
50‧‧‧車輛控制器
60‧‧‧直流轉換器
100‧‧‧電動車輛電池並聯供電系統
200‧‧‧馬達
10‧‧‧
圖1:本創作電動車輛電池並聯供電系統第一實施例的電路方塊圖。 圖2:本創作電力並聯器的電路方塊圖。 圖3:本創作第一實施例的第一電池模組透過電力並聯器供電給馬達的電路動作示意圖。 圖4:本創作電動車輛電池並聯供電系統第二實施例的電路方塊圖。 圖5:本創作電動車輛電池並聯供電系統包含一直流轉換器的電路方塊圖。 Fig. 1: Circuit block diagram of the first embodiment of the battery electric power supply system of the electric vehicle of the present invention. Figure 2: The circuit block diagram of the authored power parallel device. Fig. 3: Schematic diagram of the circuit operation of the first battery module of the first embodiment of the present invention to supply power to the motor through the power shunt. Fig. 4: The circuit block diagram of the second embodiment of the electric vehicle battery parallel power supply system of the present invention. Figure 5: The circuit block diagram of the parallel electric power supply system of the electric vehicle battery parallel power supply of this creation.
10‧‧‧第一電池模組 10‧‧‧ First battery module
11‧‧‧第一電池 11‧‧‧ First battery
20‧‧‧第二電池模組 20‧‧‧ Second battery module
21‧‧‧第二電池 21‧‧‧Second battery
22‧‧‧開關 22‧‧‧Switch
30‧‧‧馬達控制器 30‧‧‧Motor controller
40‧‧‧電力並聯器 40‧‧‧Power parallel
100‧‧‧電池並聯供電系統 100‧‧‧ Battery parallel power supply system
200‧‧‧馬達 200‧‧‧Motor
Claims (12)
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TW108212079U TWM591279U (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Batteries-in-parallel power supply system of electric vehicle and power shunt thereof |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI838109B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-04-01 | 財團法人Mih Ev研發院 | Battery system for electric vehicles and control method thereof |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI838109B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-04-01 | 財團法人Mih Ev研發院 | Battery system for electric vehicles and control method thereof |
TWI837985B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2024-04-01 | 財團法人Mih Ev研發院 | Power control system, battery system, and control method of bettery system |
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