TWM542282U - Charging device - Google Patents

Abstract

A charging device is disclosed. The charging device includes am input winding, a first output winding, a second output winding and a boost circuit. The input winding is used to receive an input voltage. The first output winding is electrically connected to a first energy storage element and transforms the input voltage to provide a first output voltage. The second winding is electrically connected to a second energy storage element and transforms the input voltage to provide a second output voltage. The boost circuit provides a third output voltage. The boost circuit is electrically connected to the first output winding and the second output winding. The third output voltage is superimposed on the first output voltage to charge the first energy storage element, and on the second output voltage to charge the second energy storage element.

Description

Charging device

The present disclosure relates to a charging device, and more particularly to a multi-output charging device.

In general, in a charging device or adapter technology that can simultaneously charge a plurality of batteries, it is often necessary to set a corresponding number of output windings and control chips on the secondary side of the charging device or the transformer's transformer circuit to separately control And adjust the charging voltage of each output winding to the battery. For example, a charging device having N battery charging ports requires N output windings and N control chips on the secondary side of the transformer circuit, so that the charging device is bulky and costly.

A charging device is proposed in one of the technical aspects of the present disclosure. The charging device includes an input winding, a first output winding, a second output winding, and a boost circuit. The input winding is used to receive the input voltage. The first output winding is electrically coupled to the first energy storage component and transforms the input voltage to provide a first output voltage. The second output winding is electrically coupled to the second energy storage component and transforms the input voltage to provide a second output voltage. The boost circuit provides a third output voltage. The boosting circuit is electrically connected to the first output winding and the second output winding. The third output voltage is superimposed with the first output voltage to charge the first energy storage component, and the third output voltage is superimposed with the second output voltage to charge the second energy storage component.

With the disclosure of the present disclosure, a novel charging architecture for controlling the charging voltage of a plurality of output ports through a single wafer can be implemented. In addition, the charging architecture proposed in the present disclosure can also be characterized by a wide voltage output range.

100‧‧‧Charging device

AMP1‧‧‧Amplifier

B1‧‧‧ booster circuit

BAT1‧‧‧ first energy storage component

BAT2‧‧‧Second energy storage component

Bat_1, bat_2, bat_3, bat_4, bat_5‧‧‧ battery core

B1-1, B1-2‧‧‧ balanced winding

C1‧‧‧First Balanced Capacitor

C2‧‧‧Second balanced capacitor

CP1‧‧‧ comparator

G1‧‧‧ gate extreme

IC_1‧‧‧Internal Wafer

P1‧‧‧ processing unit

R1‧‧‧Thermistor

R _sense ‧‧‧Charging current detection resistor

S1‧‧‧ Switching unit

V ₁ ‧‧‧first output voltage

V ₂ ‧‧‧second output voltage

V ₃ ‧‧‧ third output voltage

V ₃ ^' ‧‧‧ output voltage

V _{AMP_BAT-} , V _BAT- , V _{1_BAT} ‧‧‧ voltage

V _in ‧‧‧ input voltage

V _p ‧‧‧ control signal

V _sig ‧‧‧ clock signal

W1‧‧‧ input winding

W2-1‧‧‧First output winding

W2-2‧‧‧second output winding

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a charging device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an energy storage component according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a charging device of one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of a processing unit of one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a charging device of one embodiment of the present disclosure.

The embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the specific embodiments described are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the description of structural operations is not intended to limit the order of execution thereof. The device that is recombined by the components and produces equal devices is the scope covered by the novel disclosure. Moreover, the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not drawn in their true dimensions.

The terms used in the entire specification and the scope of the patent application, unless otherwise specified, generally have the ordinary meaning of each term used in the field, the content disclosed herein, and the particular content. Certain terms used to describe the disclosure are discussed below or elsewhere in this specification to provide additional guidance to those skilled in the art in the description of the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the disclosed document. The charging device 100 has an input winding W1, a first output winding W2-1, a second output winding W2-2, a boosting circuit B1, and a processing unit P1. The input winding W1 serves as a primary winding of the transformer unit of the charging device 100, and the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2 are both secondary windings of the transformer unit. . It should be noted that in this embodiment, only the two output windings, such as the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2, are taken as an example, but the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the practical application is not limited thereto. In the charging device 100, only a single output winding or a third output winding or more output windings may be provided as required.

The input winding W1 is for receiving the input voltage V _in . In one embodiment, the power, the input voltage V _in to the mains or other power generating device provided in the embodiment. When the input voltage V _{in is} supplied to the input winding W1 of the charging device 100, the input voltage V _in will be transformed through the input winding W1 and the first output winding W2-1 to generate a first output voltage V ₁ and through the input winding W1 and The second output winding W2-2 is transformed to generate a second output voltage V ₂ . The first output voltage V ₁ and the second output voltage V ₂ are fixed voltages, and the magnitude of the first output voltage V ₁ is related to the ratio of the number of turns of the input winding W1 to the number of turns of the first output winding W2-1, and second The magnitude of the output voltage V ₂ is related to the ratio of the number of turns of the input winding W1 to the number of turns of the second output winding W2-2. This is a general knowledge in the technical field and will not be further described.

The first output winding W2-1 is electrically connected to the first energy storage element BAT1 to charge the first energy storage element BAT1, and the second output winding W2-2 is electrically connected to the second energy storage element BAT2. To charge the second energy storage element BAT2. The first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2 may be a common rechargeable battery or a 24 volt battery or a 48 volt battery dedicated to an electric vehicle. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, only two energy storage components are taken as an example. However, in actual applications, one or more energy storage components may be disposed/connected according to requirements, and the disclosure file does not This is limited. For example, in a case where the power of the input power is sufficient, the first output winding W2-1 can also charge the two or more first energy storage elements BAT1 connected in parallel.

The processing unit and the booster circuit P1 is electrically connected to B1, B1 and the booster circuit providing a third control output voltage V _3, and the detailed architecture of the booster circuit B1 movable respect to the processing unit P1 will be further explained later. The boosting circuit B1 is electrically connected to the power output ends of the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2, respectively, so that the third output voltage V ₃ will be respectively coupled to the first output voltage V ₁ and the second output The voltage V _{2 is} superimposed. Therefore, the charging apparatus 100 will be superimposed voltage V ₁ + V ₃ BAT1 first charge storage element, as well as the superimposed voltage V ₂ + V ₃ BAT2 charging second energy storage element.

Wherein, in the case that the first energy storage element BAT1 and/or the second energy storage element BAT2 have no abnormality (fault), when the first energy storage element BAT1 and / When the second energy storage component BAT2 is connected to the charging device 100, the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or the second energy storage component BAT2 will provide a voltage signal to the processing unit P1. When the processing unit P1 receives the voltage signal, it indicates that the first energy storage device BAT1 and/or the second energy storage device BAT2 are connected to the charging device 100.

The processing unit P1 first detects the first voltage specification of the first energy storage element BAT1 and/or the second voltage specification of the second energy storage element BAT2. Next, the processing unit P1 controls the boosting circuit B1 to adjust the third output voltage V ₃ according to the detected first voltage specification and the second voltage specification to generate a suitable charging voltage to the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or Two energy storage components BAT2. Therefore, by adjusting the third output voltage V ₃ supplied from the boosting circuit B1, the charging device 100 can have a wide voltage output range to charge batteries of various specifications.

In an embodiment, the battery specifications of the first energy storage component BAT1 and the second energy storage component BAT2 are the same, and the third output voltage V ₃ is the first energy storage component BAT1/the second energy storage component BAT2 and the charging device 100. The difference between the output voltages.

Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a first energy storage component BAT1 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. In this embodiment, the first energy storage component BAT1 is a battery pack, and the battery pack has a plurality of battery cores bat_1~bat_5 and the like. The number of battery cores is for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the disclosure, and the second energy storage component BAT2 may also be the same architecture as the first energy storage component BAT1 depicted in FIG.

The first energy storage element BAT1 has a thermistor R1 and an internal crystal Slice IC_1. The thermistor R1 is a thermistor having a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) characteristic, and the internal chip IC_1 can detect whether the battery cells in the first energy storage element BAT1 are abnormal (for example, short circuit or voltage is lower than safety). Range, etc.). If the detection result indicates that each battery cell is normal, the voltage signal is supplied to the processing unit P1. Next, the processing unit P1 detects the voltage specification of the energy storage element and starts controlling the charging device 100 to charge the first energy storage element BAT1.

In the process of charging the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or the second energy storage component BAT2, the processing unit P1 can instantly detect the current voltage value of each battery core, and immediately control the boosting circuit B1 according to the battery core bat_1~ The series voltage value of bat_5 is used to adjust the current third output voltage V ₃ . In addition, in the process of charging the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or the second energy storage component BAT2, the processing unit P1 can also immediately detect the first charging current and/or the second storage of the first energy storage component BAT1. second charging current element can BAT2, and further controls the boost circuit B1 is adjusted when the output voltage V ₃ of the third charging current in accordance with the first and / or the second charging current to reach a stable charging performance or better.

For a detailed circuit architecture of the charging device 100, please refer to the circuit diagram of the charging device 100 of one embodiment of the present disclosure shown in FIG. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the input voltage V _in is supplied to the input terminal of the input winding W1 and is transformed by the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2 to generate a first output voltage V. ₁ and a second output voltage V ₂ .

In FIG. 3, the charging device 100 has a first balancing capacitor C1 and a second balancing capacitor C2. The first balancing capacitor C1 is disposed at the first output winding The output of W2-1, and the second balancing capacitor C2 is disposed at the output of the second output winding W2-2. The first balancing capacitor C1 and the second balancing capacitor C2 are used to balance the voltage difference between the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2. The output voltage of the charging device 100 can be more stabilized by the arrangement of the first balancing capacitor C1 and the second balancing capacitor C2.

Further, there is a case where the currents of the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2 are unbalanced. Therefore, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the magnetic element LB is further disposed between the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2, and the magnetic element LB includes the balanced windings B1-1 and B1-2. The first output winding W2-1 is electrically coupled to the second output winding W2-2. The balance windings B1-1 and B1-2 are chokes, so that the output currents of the first output winding W2-1 and the second output winding W2-2 can be balanced.

According to the above embodiment, the boosting circuit B1 includes a third winding W3, and the third winding W3 also cooperates with the input winding W1 to transform the input voltage V _in and provide an output voltage V ₃ ^' , and the output voltage V ₃ ^{' is} based on the processing unit The control of P1 further produces a third output voltage V ₃ . In addition, the boosting circuit B1 includes a switching unit S1, and the switching unit S1 may be any component that can be used as a switch, such as a gold oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET) switch or a bipolar junction transistor (BJT) switch. The switch unit S1 includes a gate terminal G1, and the gate terminal G1 is electrically coupled to the processing unit P1. The gate terminal G1 of the switch unit S1 is used to turn on or off the switch unit S1 according to the voltage level of the signal received by the switch unit S1. For example, when the received signal voltage is greater than a threshold value, the switch unit S1 can be turned on. Then it is not conductive, this is the basic operating principle of the general transistor switch.

Therefore, the processing unit P1 can control the time ratio of the on and off of the switch unit S1 by generating a control signal to adjust the third output voltage V _{3 to} further charge the energy storage element. For example, the processing unit P1 can generate a clock signal to control the turning on and off of the switching unit S1. When the pulse signal is at the high voltage level, the switch unit S1 is turned on; when the pulse signal is at the low voltage level, the switch unit S1 is turned off.

Wherein, the output voltage V ₃ ^' is further controlled by the processing unit P1 to control the switching unit S1 to generate a third output voltage of V ₃ , and the ratio of the on-time of the switching unit S1 in a period of time/duty cycle is D, the third output The relationship between the ratio of the voltage V ₃ to the original output voltage V ₃ ^' and the duty cycle D is as follows: The duty cycle D is between 0 and 1. For example, when the duty cycle D is 0, that is, during a time period, the switch unit S1 remains in an off state. At this time, the third output voltage is V ₃ equal to the original output voltage V ₃ ^' ; and if the duty cycle D 0.9 is the time during which the switching unit S1 is in the on state for 90% of the entire time period. At this time, the third output voltage V ₃ is equal to V ₃ ^' × (1/(1 - 0.9)), That is, the value of the third output voltage V ₃ is equal to 10 times the output voltage V ₃ ^' . Therefore, by the processing unit P1 generating the clock signal to control the on and off times of the switching unit S1, the boosting circuit B1 can be controlled to generate a desired boosted voltage (the third output voltage V ₃ ).

Next, the charging device 100 superimposes the first output voltage V ₁ and the second output voltage V ₂ with the third output voltage V ₃ to respectively charge the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2. Specifically, the first energy storage element BAT1 will receive the superimposed charging voltage V ₁ +V ₃ , and the second energy storage element BAT2 will receive the superimposed charging voltage V ₂ +V ₃ .

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or the second energy storage component BAT2 are connected to the charging device 100, the first energy storage component BAT1 and/or the second energy storage component BAT2 are positive. The terminal and the negative terminal are electrically coupled to the processing unit P1 as shown in FIG. Here, please refer to FIG. 4 together, and FIG. 4 is a partial circuit diagram of the processing unit P1 of one embodiment of the disclosed document. The processing unit P1 has a charging current detecting resistor R _sense , an amplifier AMP1 and a comparator CP1. Wherein, a winding (not shown) may be added to the primary side of the transformer unit of the charging device 100 to generate an auxiliary voltage for supplying power to the processing unit P1, but the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the auxiliary voltage may also be Different power generation mechanisms are generated from the internal circuit conversion of the charging device 100, or an additional independent power supply is used.

When the first energy storage element BAT1 and/or the second energy storage element BAT2 are coupled to the processing unit P1, the processing unit P1 will receive the first output voltage V ₁ , the second output voltage V ₂ and the first energy storage element BAT1 And/or the voltage V _BAT- of the negative terminal of the second energy storage element BAT2. By detecting the first output voltage V ₁ and the second output voltage V ₂ , the processing unit P1 can determine whether the first energy storage element BAT1 and/or the second energy storage element BAT2 are connected to the charging device 100. For example, when the detected first output voltage V ₁ and the second output voltage V _{2 are} non-determined, it means that the first energy storage element BAT1 and/or the second energy storage element BAT2 are not connected to the charging device. 100.

Then, the voltage V _{BAT- is} input to the amplifier AMP1 through the charging current detecting resistor R _sense and amplified to the voltage V _{AMP_BAT-} , and then input to the comparator CP1. The comparator CP1 has two inputs and one output. The first input of the comparator CP1 receives the clock signal V _sig generated by the processing unit P1 , the second input receives the voltage V _{AMP_BAT−} and the voltage V _{I_BAT} , and the output outputs the control signal V _p . The voltage V _{I_BAT} corresponds to the initial value of the charging current, and the clock signal V _sig can be generated, for example, by a microprocessor or a system on chip (SoC) (not shown) provided in the processing unit P1.

The comparator CP1 compares the clock signal V _sig and the voltage V _{AMP_BAT-} . When the voltage level of the pulse signal V _sig is greater than the voltage level of the voltage V _{AMP_BAT-} , the output of the comparator CP1 outputs a high voltage level control. The signal V _{p is used} to turn on the switching unit S1. When the voltage level of the pulse signal V _sig is less than the voltage level of the voltage V _{AMP_BAT-} , the output of the comparator CP1 outputs a low voltage level control signal V _p to turn off the switch unit S1. Thereby, the processing unit P1 can generate the control signal V _p based on the voltage V _{AMP — BAT — the} timely pulse signal V _sig .

Wherein, the output end of the comparator CP1 is connected to the gate terminal G1 of the switching unit S1 of the boosting circuit B1, so the control signal V _p outputted by the comparator CP1 can be used to control the duty cycle of the switching unit S1 in the boosting circuit B1, that is, control The ratio of the time during which the switching unit S1 is turned on and off, and further adjusting the third output voltage V ₃ .

In another embodiment of the disclosure, the boosting circuit B1 does not necessarily have to generate the third output voltage V ₃ through the third winding W3, and the boosting circuit B1 can also be used as an external power source (not shown). A power source of the third output voltage V ₃ . The external power supply may be the power provided by the mains, the power supply or the generator, and the disclosure is not limited thereto.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a single output winding can also be used to charge the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2, as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a charging device 500 according to an embodiment of the disclosed document. The charging device 400 has the same input winding W1 and first output winding W2-1 as the charging device 100. Different from the charging device 100, the first output winding W2-1 of the charging device 400 has two output terminals for respectively charging the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2.

In this embodiment, the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2 are batteries of the same specification. The first balancing capacitor C1 can be used to balance a possible voltage difference between the cells in the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2 to balance the first energy storage element BAT1 and the second energy storage element BAT2. Charging. The boosting circuit B1 simultaneously supplies a third output voltage V _{3 to} the two output ends of the first output winding W2-1.

In the embodiment, the charging device 500 can also include more output windings, each having one or two output terminals to charge a plurality of energy storage components. Therefore, the number of output windings can be half of the number of charging outputs, so that the size of the charging device is reduced and the cost is greatly reduced.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not used It is to be understood that the scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

100‧‧‧Charging device

B1‧‧‧ booster circuit

BAT1‧‧‧ first energy storage component

BAT2‧‧‧Second energy storage component

P1‧‧‧ processing unit

V _in ‧‧‧ input voltage

V ₁ ‧‧‧first output voltage

V ₂ ‧‧‧second output voltage

V ₃ ‧‧‧ third output voltage

W1‧‧‧ input winding

W2-1‧‧‧First output winding

W2-2‧‧‧second output winding

Claims (10)

A charging device includes: an input winding receiving an input voltage; a first output winding electrically connected to a first energy storage component, and transforming the input voltage to provide a first output voltage; a second output winding electrically connected to a second energy storage component and compressing the input voltage to provide a second output voltage; and a boosting circuit providing a third output voltage, the boosting circuit and the The first output winding and the second output winding are electrically connected; wherein the third output voltage is superimposed with the first output voltage to charge the first energy storage component, and the third output voltage is superimposed with the second output voltage The second energy storage component is then charged. The charging device of claim 1, further comprising: a processing unit, when the first energy storage component and the second energy storage component are connected to the charging device, the processing unit detects the first energy storage component a first voltage specification and a second voltage specification of the second energy storage component, the boosting circuit adjusting the third output voltage according to the first voltage specification and the second voltage specification. The charging device of claim 2, wherein the processing unit immediately detects a first charging current of the first energy storage component during charging of the first energy storage component and the second energy storage component a second charging current of the second energy storage component, the boosting circuit is configured according to the first charging power The current and the second charging current adjust the third output voltage. The charging device of claim 2, wherein the first energy storage component and the second energy storage component are respectively a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of battery cores, and the first energy storage component and the first During the charging process of the second energy storage component, the processing unit instantly detects the voltage value of each of the battery cells, and the boosting circuit adjusts the third output voltage according to the voltage value of each of the battery cells. The charging device of claim 2, wherein the boosting circuit comprises a switching unit, the switching unit includes a gate terminal, the gate terminal is electrically coupled to the processing unit, and the processing unit further generates a control signal Controlling the ratio of the on and off times of the switching unit to control the voltage value of the third output voltage. The charging device of claim 1, wherein a magnetic element is disposed between the first output winding and the second output winding, and the magnetic element is used to balance currents of the first output winding and the second output winding. The charging device of claim 6, wherein the magnetic component comprises two balanced windings for electrically coupling the first output winding to the second output winding. The charging device of claim 1, further comprising a first balancing capacitor and a second balancing capacitor, wherein the first balancing capacitor is disposed at an output end of the first output winding for balancing the first energy storage a voltage difference of the component; the second balancing capacitor is disposed at an output end of the second output winding for balancing a voltage difference of the second energy storage component. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the boosting circuit further comprises a third winding, the third winding transforming the input voltage to provide the third output voltage. The charging device of claim 1, wherein the boosting circuit further comprises an external power source, the external power source providing the third output voltage.