TWM528331U - Hydroelectric generation equipment - Google Patents

Description

Hydropower equipment

The present invention relates to a power generation device, and more particularly to a hydropower generation device constructed on a hillside.

In recent years, the development of low-cost and pollution-free power generation systems has been paid more and more attention, such as wind power generation, solar power generation, and hydropower generation. The above-mentioned power generation methods use natural resources to generate electricity, and compared with power generation methods such as petroleum, coal, and firepower. Environmentally friendly and low pollution. When a typical river runs down a hillside, the vertical drop of the slope will cause considerable hydraulic kinetic energy in the river. However, in the existing hydropower field, it is impossible to make effective use of the kinetic energy generated by the river flowing down the slope. Power generation, especially in hillsides where the height difference is more than one thousand meters, the river's hydraulic power is relatively increased. If the kinetic energy of the above rivers is not used to generate electricity, it is a great waste of hydropower generation. The purpose is to provide a hydroelectric power generation device that is novel in structure and utilizes the height difference of the hillside and the water of the river to generate electricity.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a hydroelectric power generation apparatus which is novel in structure and can fully utilize the kinetic energy generated by rivers flowing down a hillside to generate electricity.

Thus, the novel hydroelectric power plant is constructed on a hillside section and generates electricity through a river section including a top portion of the slope at the top and a bottom portion of the slope at the bottom end. The hydropower plant includes a The top of the slope is a sand dam that accumulates water from the river, a power generating unit, a water conduit, and a flat pressure tower. The power generating device is disposed at the bottom of the slope and includes a rotating unit that can be rotated by water, and a power generating unit that can be driven by the rotating unit to generate electric energy. The water guiding pipe extends from the sand blocking dam to the power generating device, and has a high portion adjacent to the sand blocking dam, a lower portion adjacent to the power generating device and having a height lower than the high portion, and at least one The water supply flows from the high portion to the lower portion to convert the potential energy of the water into a diversion channel of kinetic energy. The flat pressure tower extends upward from the water conduit and the water for the water passage can flow upward.

The utility model has the advantages that the water conduit is extended to the hillside section to fully utilize the height difference formed by the hillside section to generate kinetic energy of the water in the water conduit, thereby driving the power generating device to generate electricity, thereby enabling Make full use of the highland drop of the slope, or the vertical difference between the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir to generate electricity to increase power generation.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a first embodiment of the novel hydropower plant is constructed on a hill section 81 and is powered by a section 91. The hill section 81 includes a top top 811 at the top end and a bottom bottom 812 at the bottom end. In the present embodiment, the hill section 81 is a naturally formed slope, and the height of the top 811 is higher than the bottom of the slope. 812, and the height difference between the top 811 of the slope and the bottom 812 of the slope is determined according to the slope and length of the hill section 81. The river section 91 is a water stream naturally formed in the hill section 81, and flows from the slope top 811 to the slope bottom 812, and the river section 91 has an upstream end 911 at the top 811 of the slope, and one is located at the slope The downstream end 912 of the bottom 812.

The hydroelectric power plant comprises a sand dam 1, a power generating device 3, a water conduit, a grit chamber 21, a flat pressure tower 4, and a tail water channel 5. The sand dam 1 is disposed at the top 811 of the slope, and has a height of 1 to 30 meters to intercept the river section 91, and cooperates with the hill section 81 to define a water for accumulating the section 91. Water storage space.

The power generating device 3 is disposed at the bottom portion 812 of the slope, and includes an outer shaft tube 31 extending up and down along an upright axis L, and a rotating unit located in the outer shaft tube 31 and movable by the water of the water conduit 2 32, and a power generating unit 33 that can be driven by the rotating unit 32 to generate electric energy.

The rotating unit 32 includes a rotating shaft 321 extending longitudinally along the axis L, and a turbine blade 322 coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft 321 and drivable by water to rotate the rotating shaft 321 in a rotational direction. In this embodiment, the outer shaft tube 31 and the rotating unit 32 cooperate as an axial flow type counter-turbine, but in implementation, it can also be a mixed flow, diagonal flow or cross flow type counter-turbine, impact type The turbine, or the aspect of Taiwan Patent Application No. 105203154, is not limited to this embodiment as long as it can be converted into kinetic energy by the pressure of water to rotate the rotating unit 32. The power generating unit 33 is disposed at the top end of the rotating shaft 321 and can convert the kinetic energy of the rotating shaft 321 into electric energy. Since the type of the power generating unit 33 is numerous and is a prior art, it is not the focus of the present invention, and therefore is no longer Detailed.

The water conduit 2 is extended from the sand dam 1 to the power generating device 3, and has a high portion 23 connecting the sand dam 1 and an outer shaft tube 31 connecting the power generating device 3, and the height is lower than the height. The lower portion 24 of the portion 23 and a water guiding passage 22 extending from the elevated portion 23 to the lower portion 24. The water conduit 2 is generally a high-pressure steel pipe to withstand the huge internal water pressure of the water conduit 2, but in practice, the water conduit 2 can also be a high-pressure pipe made of glass fiber, carbon fiber, cement or ceramics, and In the present embodiment, the water conduit 2 is partially buried in the soil of the hill section 81, thereby increasing the water pressure in the pipe of the water conduit 2 through the earth pressure applied by the soil weight of the hill section 81. The surrounding force is prevented to prevent the water conduit 2 from being broken due to excessive water pressure in the pipe. Moreover, the flooding period can be reduced, and when the flooding is large, the small stones, and the earth and rock flow occurs in the river, the sweeping force of the large stone destroys the water guiding pipe 2.

The grit chamber 21 is disposed at the top 811 of the slope and adjacent to the elevated portion 23, and defines a grit chamber 211. In this embodiment, the grit chamber 211 is located on the extension path of the water diversion channel 22, and the water diversion channel 22 is divided into an upper water diversion section 221 that connects the grit dam 1 and the grit chamber 211, and a communication The grit chamber 211 and the lower water guiding section 222 of the power generating device 3. The grit chamber 211 has a water inlet 212 that communicates with the upper water guiding section 221, and a water outlet 213 that communicates with the lower water guiding section 222. The cross-sectional area of the grit chamber 211 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the water inlet 212 and the water outlet 213, and the water inlet 212 and the water outlet 213 are offset from each other, so that water in the water conduit 2 flows through the upper water diversion section 221. When the grit chamber 211 is hurriedly lowered, the flow rate is drastically reduced to facilitate precipitation, and then flows into the lower water diversion section 222, and the bottom of the grit chamber 211 is lower than the water inlet 212 and the water outlet 213, and can be used for accumulation. Precipitated sand. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the grit chamber 211, the water inlet 212, and the water outlet 213 is an area that is cut along a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the water conduit 2.

The flat pressure tower 4 is tubularly extended upward from the water conduit 2 and adjacent to the lower portion 24, and the height of the top end is determined by the analysis result of the water hammer force and the head loss. When the power generating device 3 is turned off due to malfunction or maintenance, the water of the water guiding pipe 2 cannot flow into the power generating device 3, but at this time, the water of the sand blocking dam 1 continues to flow into the water guiding pipe 2, so that the water guiding pipe 2 is made The instantaneous high pressure is generated in the embodiment. The embodiment of the flat pressure tower 4 can convert the instantaneous pressure of the water of the water conduit 2 into a potential energy to slow the instantaneous high pressure in the water conduit 2, thereby reducing the water conduit 2 The water pressure inside prevents the water conduit 2 from rupturing.

The tail water channel 5 extends horizontally from the bottom end of the outer shaft tube 31 of the power generating device 3 to the downstream end 912 of the river section 91 to guide the water in the outer shaft tube 31 to the river section 91. In the embodiment, the tail water channel 5 is round and buried in the soil of the hill section 81, but since the water in the water conduit 2 passes through the power generating device 3, the kinetic energy is greatly reduced, so the tail water channel 5 The design does not need to take into account the water pressure inside the pipe, so it is not necessary to design the pipe, and it can also be a trench that is open to the outside, not limited to this embodiment.

When the new hydroelectric power generation device is erected, the sand blocking dam 1 is installed on the upstream end 911 of the river section 91, and a part of the water of the river section 91 is accumulated in the sand blocking dam 1, and another part of the river section 91 is The water will continue to flow downward, and then the water conduit 2 is embedded in the hill section 81 along the extension of the river section 91. By the height difference of the hill section 81, the water in the water conduit 2 can be naturally The bit energy can be converted into kinetic energy.

The process of power generation in this embodiment is as follows. When the water accumulated in the sand dam 1 flows into the water conduit 2, it will be precipitated before the grit chamber 211. At this time, the water in the water conduit 2 will increase due to the cross-sectional area. Slowing down the flow rate, so that impurities such as gravel and sediment in the water settle down to the bottom of the grit chamber 211 due to the slowing of the flow rate, since the bottom of the grit chamber 211 is lower than the water outlet 213, so most of the The gravel will settle downward and will not flow into the water outlet 213 and be deposited at the bottom of the grit chamber 211. Since the sand dam 1 is low and the sediment is not easy to precipitate, the grit chamber 21 is added downstream to increase the efficiency of sediment deposition, but it is not necessary to add the grit chamber 21.

Then, the water after the grit will flow into the lower water diversion section 222 from the water outlet 213, and the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy during the flow, and then flows into the outer shaft tube 31. At this time, the outer shaft tube 31 flows into the outer shaft tube 31. The water will drive the rotating unit 32 to rotate, thereby driving the power generating unit 33 to generate electric energy. Finally, when the water of the outer shaft tube 31 flows through the rotating unit 32, it flows downward into the tail water channel 5 and correspondingly flows back to the downstream end 912 of the river section 91, so that the hillside can be fully utilized. The height difference of the segment 81 and the water of the river segment 91 are used to generate electricity.

In summary, the present novel hydroelectric power generation apparatus extends the water level in the water conduit 2 by extending the water conduit 2 to the hill section 81 to fully utilize the height difference naturally formed by the hill section 81. The kinetic energy is generated to drive the power generating device 3 to generate electricity, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

Referring to FIG. 3, the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the structure of the first embodiment, except that the water conduit 2 of the present embodiment has two water guiding passages 22. The grit chamber 21 has two water inlets respectively communicating with the water diversion section above the water diversion passages 22, and two water outlets respectively communicating with the water diversion sections below the water diversion passages 22, and the flat pressure tower 4 is drained by the water diversion tanks The rear end of the water diversion section below the channel 22 extends upward, and the water in the water conduit 2 can be diverted to increase the flow rate through a large number of water diversion channels 22. This embodiment can be applied to a river section with a large flow rate. 91.

In practice, the number of the water diversion passages 22 may also be three or more, and may be increased or decreased according to the flow rate of the river section 91, which is not limited to the embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the present invention is suitable for constructing a plurality of hydropower plants in a group on a hillside 8 and generating electricity through a river 9. The hillside land 8 includes three hill sections 82, 83, and 84 extending from top to bottom. The river 9 includes three river sections 92 extending from top to bottom and corresponding to the hill sections 82, 83, and 84, respectively. , 93, 94. Since the construction of the hill sections 82, 83, 84 and the river sections 92, 93, 94 has been described in the first embodiment of the hydropower plant 6, it will not be described again. For convenience of the following description, the hill sections 82, 83, 84 are divided into an upper hill section 82 located above, a mid-slope section 83 located in the middle, and a lower hill section 84 located below, and the river sections 92, 93 94 is divided into an upper river section 92 located above, a middle river section 93 located in the middle, and a lower river section 94 located below.

The number of the hydropower generating devices 6 of FIG. 5 is five, and the configuration thereof has been described in the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the hydropower generating device 6, and therefore will not be described herein. One of the hydroelectric power generating devices 6 is disposed on the upper hill section 82 and is in the first embodiment; wherein the other two hydropower generating devices 6 are arranged side by side in the middle slope section 83, and are all in the state of the first embodiment. Two of the hydroelectric power generating devices 6 are disposed side by side in the lower hill section 84, and one of the two hydropower generating devices 6 is in the first embodiment, and the other is in the state of the second embodiment. kind.

The hydroelectric power generation device 6 disposed on the upper hill section 82 transmits power through the water of the upper river section 92, and discharges the water back to the upper river section 92. Then, the water of the upper river section 92 flows into the middle section. 93. The hydroelectric power generation equipment 6 disposed in the middle slope section 83 transmits electricity through the water of the middle river section 93, and discharges the water back to the middle section 93, and then the water of the middle section 93 Flowing into the lower river section 94; the hydropower plants 6 disposed in the lower hill section 84 will generate electricity through the water of the lower river section 94 and discharge the water back to the lower river section 94.

Generally, the flow rate of the upper river section 92 is small, so that only one hydroelectric power generation device 6 is disposed in the upper hill section 82; the flow rate of the middle river section 93 is generally larger than that of the upper river section 92, so the mid-slope section is 83 is provided with two hydroelectric power generating devices 6 for dispersing the flow rate of the middle river section 93. The flow rate of the lower river section 94 is larger than that of the middle river section 93, so two hydraulic powers are disposed in the lower hill section 84. The power plant 6, and one of the hydropower plants 6 is a second embodiment with a split configuration to increase the flow.

Through the above design, the hydroelectric power generation equipment 6 can be erected in sections according to the slope change of the hillside land 8, and the manner and quantity of the hydropower generation equipment 6 can be designed according to the flow variation of the river 9 The river 9 fully utilizes the slope and height difference of the hillside land 8 to generate electricity. Since the river 9 is divided into large, medium and small tributaries in addition to the main river channel, it can be divided into large and single main river channels. The network distribution of the small and medium-sized tributaries has led to the development of the hydropower generation equipment 6 from the original single line to the regional surface hydropower resources.

It should be noted that the number of the hill sections 82, 83, 84 of the hillside land 8 may also be two or more, and the river sections 92, 93, 94 of the river 9 may also correspond to two or four. the above. The number of the hydropower generating devices 6 may also be two, three, four or more, and is determined according to the slopes of the hill sections 82, 83, 84 and the flow rates of the river sections 92, 93, 94, respectively. The number of the hill sections 82, 83, 84 is not limited to the manner of the embodiment.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and when it is not possible to limit the scope of the present invention, all the simple equivalent changes and modifications according to the scope of the patent application and the contents of the patent specification are still This new patent covers the scope.

1‧‧‧ sand dam
2‧‧‧Water pipes
21‧‧‧Grit chamber
211‧‧‧Sand space
212‧‧‧ Inlet
213‧‧‧Water outlet
22‧‧‧Water channel
221‧‧‧Upper water section
222‧‧‧ lower water section
23‧‧‧High Department
24 ‧‧‧low department
3‧‧‧Power generation unit
31‧‧‧Outer shaft tube
32‧‧‧Rotating unit
321‧‧‧ shaft
322‧‧‧Water turbine blades
33‧‧‧Power generation unit
4‧‧‧ flat pressure tower
5‧‧‧ tailwater channel
6‧‧‧Hydroelectric equipment
7‧‧‧ Reservoir
8‧‧‧ hillside
81‧‧‧ hillside
811‧‧‧ slope top
812‧‧‧ slope bottom
82‧‧‧Uphill slope
83‧‧‧Zhongshan Slope Section
84‧‧‧ Downhill section
9‧‧‧河河
91‧‧‧ sections
911‧‧‧ upstream
912‧‧‧ downstream end
92‧‧‧Upper river section
93‧‧‧中河段
94‧‧‧The lower reaches of the river
L‧‧‧ axis

Other features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the drawings, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the novel hydroelectric power plant disposed on a hillside section; 2 is a top plan view illustrating the embodiment; FIG. 3 is a top plan view illustrating a second embodiment of the present novel hydropower plant; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the hydroelectric power plant of the present invention in groups Set on a hillside; and Figure 5 is a top plan view showing that the hydropower equipment is installed on the hillside.

1‧‧‧ sand dam

2‧‧‧Water pipes

21‧‧‧Grit chamber

211‧‧‧Sand space

212‧‧‧ Inlet

213‧‧‧Water outlet

22‧‧‧Water channel

221‧‧‧Upper paragraph

222‧‧‧Lower paragraph

23‧‧‧High Department

32‧‧‧Rotating unit

321‧‧‧ shaft

322‧‧‧Water turbine blades

33‧‧‧Power generation unit

4‧‧‧ flat pressure tower

5‧‧‧ tailwater channel

81‧‧‧ hillside

811‧‧‧ slope top

812‧‧‧ slope bottom

91‧‧‧ sections

24‧‧‧low department

3‧‧‧Power generation unit

31‧‧‧Outer shaft tube

911‧‧‧ upstream

912‧‧‧ downstream end

L‧‧‧ axis

Claims (8)

A hydroelectric power plant is constructed on a hillside section and generates electricity through a river section including a top of the slope at the top and a bottom of the bottom of the slope, the hydroelectric power plant comprising: a sand dam a water turbine is disposed at the top of the slope to accumulate water of the river section; a power generating device is disposed at the bottom of the slope and includes a rotating unit that can be rotated by water, and a power generating unit that can be driven by the rotating unit to generate electric energy a water conduit extending from the sand dam to the power generating device and having a high portion adjacent to the sand dam, a lower portion adjacent to the power generating device and having a height lower than the height portion, and at least a water guiding passage for allowing water to flow from the high portion to the lower portion to convert the potential energy of the water into kinetic energy; and a flat pressure tower extending upward from the water guiding pipe, and the water for the water guiding passage is upward flow. The hydropower plant of claim 1, further comprising a grit chamber disposed on the water conduit, the grit chamber defining a grit chamber in communication with the water conduit. The hydropower generating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the water conduit has an upper water guiding section connecting the sand blocking dam and the grit chamber, and a lower water guiding section connecting the grit chamber and the power generating device, The grit chamber has a water inlet connected to the upper water diversion section, and a water outlet connecting the lower water diversion section, the cross-sectional area of the grit space is larger than the cross-sectional area of the water inlet and the water outlet, and the bottom is lower than the inlet The nozzle and the outlet. The hydroelectric power generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the grit chamber is adjacent to the elevation portion, and the flat pressure tower is adjacent to the lower portion. The hydropower plant of claim 4, wherein the water conduit comprises two water conduits. The hydropower plant of claim 4, wherein the water conduit is buried in the hill section. The hydropower generating apparatus of claim 4, wherein the power generating device further comprises an outer shaft tube connected to the water conduit and extending up and down along an axis, the rotating unit being disposed in the outer shaft tube and including along the axis a long-distance rotating shaft, and a turbine blade coaxially disposed on the rotating shaft and drivable by water to rotate the rotating shaft in a rotating direction, the power generating unit is disposed at a top end of the rotating shaft, and can convert the kinetic energy of the rotating shaft For electric energy. The hydropower generating apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the river section flows from the top of the slope to the bottom of the slope, and has an upstream end located at the top of the slope and a downstream end located at the bottom of the slope, wherein the hydroelectric power generation The apparatus also includes a tailwater channel extending from the outer shaft tube to the downstream end of the river section to direct water within the outer shaft tube to the river section.