M421383 五、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本創作係關於一種引擎汽缸頭結構，尤指一種達到較 均勻冷卻功效之引擎汽缸頭結構。 【先前技術】 引擎冷卻系統之目的是在避免引擎過熱而損壞，或避 • 免工作效率降低。冷卻系統可概分為空冷系統、油冷系統、 與水冷系統，或者為以上之混合式，空冷系統是藉由空氣 在引擎周圍流動以帶走熱量，油冷系統是潤滑油冷卻器先 冷卻潤滑油進而藉由潤滑油在引擎内部循環以帶走熱量， 水冷系統者則是利用水與冷卻劑在引擎水套内流動以帶走 熱量。 參考圖1〜3，為習知自然空冷之引擎汽缸頭兩種不同 視角之立體圖及一剖視圖。圖中示出一習知引擎之汽缸 藝頭，主要包括一汽缸頭本體9〇與一凸輪轴座，其中凸輪軸 座是由相對置之一第一支撐部91a與一第二支撐部91b構 成。 /又缸頭本體90界定有一凸輪轴室97、一燃燒室94及一 傳動件腔室92，其申凸輪軸室97收容上述凸輪轴座以及架 設在凸輪轴座之一凸輪機構95，燃燒室94是混合之燃油與 進氣受一火星塞98點火進而發生燃燒過程之場所，傳動件 腔室92收容有一傳動件96 ’傳動件96安裝在凸輪機構95而 同步轉動。 3 M421383 汽缸頭本體90環周大致區分有四側，依序為：火星塞 側901、排氣側902、傳動件腔室側903、進氣側904。火星 塞側901凹設有一氣流流道S，此氣流流道S深達傳動件腔 室92之外側腔壁，而且汽缸頭本體9〇之一燃燒室壁93相反 兩側分別為燃燒室94與前述氣流流道s。燃燒室壁93還開 設有一安裝孔931供火星塞98安裝固定。 排氣側902為排氣道之埠口一側，進氣側9〇4為進氣道 之槔口 一側’傳動件腔室側9〇3則為傳動件腔室92所在一 側。 在習知自然空冷之汽缸頭結構設計下，存在一問題， 即燃燒室94周圍易有局部溫度過高之情形，因為引擎冷卻 氣流朝向排氣側902並在汽缸頭本體9〇分流至火星塞側9〇 j 及傳動件腔室側903，而此氣流並無適當路徑直接流至氣流 流道S。 因此’有必要提供一種改良之汽缸頭結構以解決上述 局部過熱問題，藉此提升引擎之耐久壽命。 【新型内容】 本創作之主要目的係在提供一種引擎汽缸頭結構，俾 能減少引擎局部積熱之情形，並同時提升凸輪軸之一軸承 使用壽命。 達成上述目的，本創作之引擎汽缸頭結構包括一汽缸 頭本體及一凸輪軸座。 凸輪轴 汽缸頭本體界定有一延伸腔室、一燃燒室、一 M421383 室、以及一傳動件腔室。此外，汽缸頭本體還包括有一燃 燒室壁。 _ 上述凸輪軸座是固定於汽紅頭本體。凸輪軸座包括對 置之一第一支撐部與一第二支撐部，並開設有一第一支撐 孔及一連通孔道，其中連通孔道位於第一支揮孔下方。 特別地，上述延伸腔室與燃燒室分別鄰接於燃燒室壁 之相反兩側，且延伸腔室與凸輪軸室呈直接連通。延伸腔 室並透過連通孔道而連通到傳動件腔室。 藉由上述結構設計，當潤滑油流至凸輪軸室而潤滑凸 輪軸室内相關零部件後，部分會直接向下流入延伸腔室並 抵達燃燒室壁◊因此燃燒室附近能獲得適當冷卻，改善習 知引擎燃燒室周圍溫度不均勻、溫差過大之問題提升了 零件壽命。此外，凸輪軸座之連通孔道之設置除了提供延 伸腔至内冷卻潤滑油行進到傳動件腔室之回收途徑之外， 也發揮了讓ώ輪軸座之支撐孔於鎖附步驟後產生的變形量 較小的功效，使凸輪軸之軸承壽命損耗降低。 上述第一支撐部可包括有二螺栓孔道，而連通孔道設 置於一螺检礼道之間。 本創作之引擎汽缸頭結構中，汽缸頭本體與凸輪轴座 可為一體式結構或分離式結構。 凸輪轴座可安裝有一凸輪機構，且凸輪機構包括有至 少一閥動凸輪。 傳動件腔室所收容之傳動件可為一鍊輪，係固定於凸 輪機構，特別指其凸輪軸。 5 M421383 汽缸頭本體外表面可具有一韓片結構以加強引擎整 體散熱效果。 汽缸頭本體之延伸腔室可具有一斜壁面，以擴大從凸 輪轴室流入之潤滑油接觸面積，進而促進冷卻作用。斜壁 面更可與燃燒室壁互相連結。 【實施方式】 參考圖4〜6，為一較佳實施例之引擎汽缸頭於兩種不 同視角之立體圖及一剖視圖。圖中所示為一空冷式車輛引 擎之汽缸頭部分，特別為一四閥引擎。引擎汽缸頭主要包 括一汽缸頭本體U與一凸輪轴座2〇。汽缸頭本體u大致呈 四邊形，且外表面形成有幫助引擎散熱之鰭片結構16。汽 缸頭本體11界定出一凸輪軸室12與一傳動件腔室13。 >飞缸頭本體11形成有一延伸腔室14及一燃燒室15，且 特別地，此二腔室是分別鄰接於汽缸頭本體丨丨之一燃燒室 壁115的上側及下側。燃燒室壁n5還開設有一安裝孔ιΐ6， 安裝孔116安裝著一火星塞32,火星塞32伸入到燃燒室15 中。 凸輪轴座20用以支撐一凸輪機構凸輪轴座2〇是固 定於汽缸頭本體U，具體而言其主要由一第一支撐部21與 一第二支撐部22構成，第一支撐部21與一第二支撐部22是 同轴對置的，且每一支撐部2122都開設有一支撐孔 2 1〇,220以及垂直貫通之二螺检孔道212,213,221,222。第一 支撐孔210是位於二螺栓孔道212,213之間，第二支撐孔220 M421383 是位於二螺栓孔道221,222之間。 凸輪機構30主體為一凸輪轴34，在凸輪轴34上還設有 多個閥動凸輪33用於推頂對應之搖臂37。凸輪轴34是透過 嵌裝於上述第一支撐孔210與第二支撐孔220之兩軸承 35,36而受支撐在二支撐部21,22。 汽缸頭本體11四周依序定義為火星塞侧丨u、排氣側 112、傳動件腔室側113及進氣側114。火星塞側111呈一凹 陷結構’主要用於擺放火星塞32以及作為一冷卻氣流流 道。安裝孔116—端開口是朝向上述凹陷結構，也就是與汽 缸頭本體11之外部相通。排氣侧〗12主要是排氣道之埠口所 在一側’進氣侧114為進氣道之埠口所在一侧，傳動件腔室 側113則為傳動件腔室13所在一側。本例中傳動件腔室13 收谷一鍊輪31作為將曲轴動力傳遞到凸輪機構之傳動 件’鍊輪31固定在凸輪機構3〇之凸輪軸34，並同步轉動。 此外，待別地，第一支撐部21在第一支撐孔21〇之正 下方還開設有一連通孔道211，同樣在二螺栓孔道212213 範圍之間。 由上述可知’當來自潤滑油槽之湖滑油抵達凸輪轴室 12並對其内之零件進行潤滑之後’部分潤滑油會滴落到延 伸腔室14 ’特別是流過燃燒室壁丨15，也就是利用油冷方式 來降低燃燒室15周邊的溫度，則引擎汽缸頭不致因不同部 位溫差過大而導致嚴重變形、元件損毀故障。延伸腔室14 可以具有一斜壁面141，且斜壁面141與燃燒室壁U5互相連 結’以幫助潤滑油更容易流到燃燒室壁115，並擴大潤滑油 7 M421383 的接觸面積以幫助冷卻由燃燒室傳遞來的熱。 潤滑油在冷卻完燃燒室壁1 i 5之後，更可經由連通孔 道211進入傳動件腔室13。傳動件腔室13本身會有使潤滑油 達到回收目的之油路設計，由於此屬習知技術，於此不再 贅述。 本創作之汽缸頭結構之優點除了可以利用潤滑油冷 卻燃燒室壁以解決引擎局部溫度過高問題之外，當以螺拴 穿過螺栓孔道212,213以進行鎖固汽缸頭、汽缸體及曲轴箱 時，由於第一支撐孔210下方之連通孔道211提供一緩衝空 間，第一支撐孔210之整體變形量可以減少，對於軸承= 壽命之維持有很大的幫助。在習知凸輪轴座設計中，因鎖 附期間同時受上下力量夾迫，很容易使元件發生鎖附變形。 上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已本創作所 ==權圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限 於上述貫施例。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖丨係習知引擎汽缸頭立體圖。 圖2係圖1之$丨擎汽缸頭不同視角立體圖。 圖3係習知弓丨擎汽缸頭剖視圖。 L4:創作：較佳實施例之引擎汽虹頭立體圖。 ’、之引擎汽缸頭不同視角立體圖。 圖6係本創作—較佳實施例之引擎汽缸頭剖視圖。 M421383 【主要元件符號說明】 汽缸頭本體90 火星塞側901 進氣側902 傳動件腔室側903 排氣側904 第一支撐部91a 第二支撐部91b 傳動件腔室92 燃燒室壁93 安裝孔931 燃燒室94 凸輪機構95 傳動件96 凸輪轴室97 火星塞98 氣流流道S 汽缸頭本體11 火星塞側111 排氣側11 2 傳動件腔室側113 進氣側114 燃燒室壁11 5 安裝孔116 凸輪轴室12 傳動件腔室13 延伸腔室14 斜壁面141 燃燒室1 5 鰭片結構16 凸輪轴座20 第一支撐部21 第一支撐孔21 0 連通孔道211 螺栓孔道 212,213,221，222 第二支撐部22 第二支撐孔220 凸輪機構30 鍊輪31 火星塞32 閥動凸輪33 凸輪軸34 搖臂37 軸承35,36 9M421383 V. New description: [New technical field] This creation is about an engine cylinder head structure, especially an engine cylinder head structure that achieves a more uniform cooling effect. [Prior Art] The purpose of the engine cooling system is to prevent the engine from overheating and damage, or to avoid work efficiency. The cooling system can be broadly divided into an air cooling system, an oil cooling system, and a water cooling system, or a hybrid type of the above, the air cooling system is carried by air flowing around the engine to take away heat, and the oil cooling system is a lubricating oil cooler first cooling and lubricating. The oil is then circulated inside the engine by the lubricating oil to remove heat. The water cooling system uses water and coolant to flow in the water jacket of the engine to remove heat. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, there are two different perspective views and a cross-sectional view of a conventional air-cooled engine cylinder head. The figure shows a cylinder head of a conventional engine, which mainly comprises a cylinder head body 9A and a camshaft seat, wherein the camshaft seat is composed of an opposite first support portion 91a and a second support portion 91b. . The cylinder head body 90 defines a camshaft chamber 97, a combustion chamber 94 and a transmission member chamber 92. The camshaft chamber 97 houses the camshaft seat and a cam mechanism 95 mounted on the camshaft seat. 94 is a place where the mixed fuel and the intake air are ignited by a spark plug 98 to generate a combustion process, and the transmission member chamber 92 houses a transmission member 96. The transmission member 96 is mounted on the cam mechanism 95 to rotate synchronously. 3 M421383 The cylinder head body 90 is roughly divided into four sides, in order: the spark plug side 901, the exhaust side 902, the transmission chamber side 903, and the intake side 904. The spark plug side 901 is recessed with an air flow passage S, the air flow passage S is deeper than the outer chamber wall of the transmission member chamber 92, and the opposite sides of the combustion chamber wall 93 of the cylinder head body 9 are respectively the combustion chamber 94 and The aforementioned air flow path s. The combustion chamber wall 93 is also provided with a mounting hole 931 for mounting and fixing the spark plug 98. The exhaust side 902 is the port side of the exhaust passage, the intake side 9〇4 is the port side of the intake port, and the transmission member chamber side 9〇3 is the side on which the transmission member chamber 92 is located. Under the conventional natural air-cooled cylinder head structure design, there is a problem that the local temperature is too high around the combustion chamber 94 because the engine cooling airflow is directed toward the exhaust side 902 and is diverted to the spark plug at the cylinder head body 9〇. The side 9〇j and the transmission chamber side 903, and this air flow does not flow directly to the air flow path S without an appropriate path. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved cylinder head structure to solve the above-mentioned local overheating problem, thereby improving the durability of the engine. [New content] The main purpose of this creation is to provide an engine cylinder head structure that reduces the local heat accumulation of the engine and simultaneously increases the bearing life of one of the camshafts. To achieve the above object, the engine cylinder head structure of the present invention comprises a cylinder head body and a camshaft seat. Camshaft The cylinder head body defines an extension chamber, a combustion chamber, a M421383 chamber, and a transmission chamber. In addition, the cylinder head body also includes a combustion chamber wall. _ The above camshaft seat is fixed to the steam red head body. The camshaft seat includes a first support portion and a second support portion opposite to each other, and defines a first support hole and a communication hole, wherein the communication hole is located below the first support hole. In particular, the extension chamber and the combustion chamber are respectively adjacent to opposite sides of the combustion chamber wall, and the extension chamber is in direct communication with the camshaft chamber. The chamber is extended and communicated to the transmission chamber through the communication passage. With the above structural design, when the lubricating oil flows to the camshaft chamber to lubricate the relevant components in the camshaft, part of it will flow directly downward into the extension chamber and reach the wall of the combustion chamber, so that proper cooling can be obtained near the combustion chamber. Knowing that the temperature around the combustion chamber is not uniform and the temperature difference is too large increases the life of the parts. In addition, the arrangement of the communication passages of the camshaft seat not only provides a recovery path for the extension chamber to the inner cooling oil to travel to the transmission member chamber, but also exerts the deformation amount of the support hole of the crucible shaft seat after the locking step. The smaller effect is to reduce the bearing life loss of the camshaft. The first support portion may include two bolt holes, and the communication holes are disposed between the screw inspection lanes. In the engine cylinder head structure of the present invention, the cylinder head body and the cam shaft seat may be an integral structure or a separate structure. The camshaft mount can be fitted with a cam mechanism and the cam mechanism includes at least one valve cam. The transmission member housed in the transmission member chamber may be a sprocket fixed to the cam mechanism, particularly the cam shaft. 5 M421383 The outer surface of the cylinder head can have a Korean structure to enhance the overall heat dissipation of the engine. The extension chamber of the cylinder head body may have an inclined wall surface to enlarge the contact area of the lubricating oil flowing from the cam shaft chamber, thereby promoting cooling. The inclined wall surface is more interconnected with the combustion chamber wall. [Embodiment] Referring to Figures 4 to 6, a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a cylinder head of an engine according to a preferred embodiment at two different viewing angles. The figure shows the cylinder head section of an air-cooled vehicle engine, especially a four-valve engine. The engine cylinder head mainly comprises a cylinder head body U and a camshaft seat 2〇. The cylinder head body u is generally quadrangular and has an outer surface formed with a fin structure 16 that assists in dissipating heat from the engine. The cylinder head body 11 defines a camshaft chamber 12 and a transmission member chamber 13. > The flying head body 11 is formed with an extending chamber 14 and a combustion chamber 15, and in particular, the two chambers are respectively adjacent to the upper side and the lower side of the combustion chamber wall 115 of the cylinder head body. The combustion chamber wall n5 also has a mounting hole ι6, and the mounting hole 116 is mounted with a spark plug 32, and the spark plug 32 extends into the combustion chamber 15. The camshaft base 20 is configured to support a cam mechanism. The camshaft base 2 is fixed to the cylinder head body U. Specifically, it is mainly composed of a first support portion 21 and a second support portion 22. The first support portion 21 is A second supporting portion 22 is coaxially opposed, and each of the supporting portions 2122 defines a supporting hole 2 1 , 220 and two threaded through holes 212 , 213 , 221 , 222 . The first support hole 210 is located between the two bolt holes 212, 213, and the second support hole 220 M421383 is located between the two bolt holes 221, 222. The main body of the cam mechanism 30 is a cam shaft 34. The cam shaft 34 is further provided with a plurality of valve cams 33 for pushing the corresponding rocker arms 37. The cam shaft 34 is supported by the two support portions 21, 22 through the two bearings 35, 36 fitted to the first support hole 210 and the second support hole 220. The cylinder head body 11 is sequentially defined as a Mars plug side 丨u, an exhaust side 112, a transmission member chamber side 113, and an intake side 114. The Mars plug side 111 is in a recessed configuration' primarily for placing the Mars plug 32 and as a cooling airflow passage. The mounting hole 116 - the end opening is oriented toward the recessed structure, that is, the outside of the cylinder head body 11. The exhaust side 12 is mainly the side of the exhaust port on the one side, the intake side 114 is the side of the inlet of the inlet, and the side 113 of the transmission is the side of the transmission chamber 13. In this example, the transmission member chamber 13 receives a sprocket 31 as a transmission member sprocket 31 for transmitting the crankshaft power to the cam mechanism, and is fixed to the cam shaft 34 of the cam mechanism 3, and rotates in synchronization. In addition, the first support portion 21 further defines a communication hole 211 directly below the first support hole 21, also in the range of the two bolt holes 212213. From the above, it can be seen that 'When the oil from the lubricating oil tank reaches the camshaft chamber 12 and lubricates the components therein, part of the lubricating oil will drip into the extension chamber 14', especially through the combustion chamber wall 15 That is, the oil cooling method is used to reduce the temperature around the combustion chamber 15, and the engine cylinder head does not cause severe deformation or component damage due to excessive temperature difference between different parts. The extension chamber 14 may have an inclined wall surface 141, and the inclined wall surface 141 is interconnected with the combustion chamber wall U5 to help the lubricating oil flow more easily to the combustion chamber wall 115, and expand the contact area of the lubricating oil 7 M421383 to help cool the combustion. The heat from the room. After the lubricating oil wall 1 i 5 is cooled, the lubricating oil can enter the transmission member chamber 13 via the communication passage 211. The transmission member chamber 13 itself has an oil passage design for the purpose of recycling the lubricating oil, and this is a conventional technique and will not be described herein. The advantages of the cylinder head structure of the present invention, in addition to the use of lubricating oil to cool the combustion chamber wall to solve the problem of excessive local temperature of the engine, when bolting through the bolt holes 212, 213 for locking the cylinder head, the cylinder block and the crankcase Since the communication hole 211 under the first support hole 210 provides a buffer space, the overall deformation amount of the first support hole 210 can be reduced, which is very helpful for the maintenance of the bearing = life. In the conventional camshaft seat design, it is easy to cause the component to be locked and deformed due to the simultaneous clamping of the upper and lower forces during the locking. The above embodiments are merely exemplified for convenience of explanation. The present invention is based on the scope of the patent application, and is not limited to the above embodiments. [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 丨 is a stereo view of the engine cylinder head. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the different angles of the cylinder head of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional cylinder head of a known engine. L4: Creation: A perspective view of the engine steam head of the preferred embodiment. Stereoscopic view of the engine cylinder head from different angles. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the engine cylinder head of the presently preferred embodiment. M421383 [Description of main component symbols] Cylinder head body 90 Mars plug side 901 Intake side 902 Transmission part chamber side 903 Exhaust side 904 First support part 91a Second support part 91b Transmission part chamber 92 Combustion chamber wall 93 Mounting hole 931 Combustion chamber 94 Cam mechanism 95 Transmission 96 Camshaft chamber 97 Mars plug 98 Airflow passage S Cylinder head body 11 Mars plug side 111 Exhaust side 11 2 Transmission chamber side 113 Intake side 114 Combustion chamber wall 11 5 Installation Hole 116 Camshaft chamber 12 Transmission chamber 13 Extension chamber 14 Oblique wall surface 141 Combustion chamber 1 5 Fin structure 16 Camshaft seat 20 First support portion 21 First support hole 21 0 Communication hole 211 Bolt hole 212, 213, 221, 222 Two support portions 22 Second support holes 220 Cam mechanism 30 Sprocket 31 Mars plug 32 Valve cam 33 Camshaft 34 Rocker arm 37 Bearing 35, 36 9