M285129 八、新型說明： 【新型所屬之技術領域】 本創作係有關一種永磁式直流馬達磁極結構改良，尤指 一種針對該馬達定子之板狀稀土磁石與極靴複合之導磁設 計，且由轉子凸極作螺旋狀偏移來消除磁石接合處磁束分佈 漣波所造成之轉子頓轉（cogging)。 【先前技術】 按，一般永磁式直流馬達（12)之磁場，大部分係如第一圖 所示，採用在外殼（121)内壁設製瓦片形表面黏著磁石（122); 由於燒結铷鐵硼稀土磁石具有磁能積（BH)max高，保磁力 (He)大之特點，故逐漸應用在消費性馬達產品上。但一般永 磁式馬達（12)之S，N磁石（122)係呈弧形（瓦狀），故乃如第二 圖所示，採用方形塊狀磁石以線切割製成，故該瓦狀磁石之 前、後磁石（122a)、（122b)皆需去除，故其製造耗損甚高，因 此造成磁石成品價格非常昂貴，致使無法廣泛使用在一般消 費性的馬達製品上。 是以，本創作之課題乃針對上揭問題點，尋求解決克服 之方法。 【新型内容】 緣是，本創作之主要目的，係在提供一種永磁式直流馬 達磁極結構改良，其作為定子之場磁鐵，採用板狀稀土磁石 及極靴複合方式所組成，具有製作方便及成本低之特性。 為達上述目的，本創作所採用之技術特徵在於： 該定子係包括：一第一及第二極靴，以及多片之N極板 -5- M285129 狀磁石及s極板狀磁石所構成；該第一及第二極靴係由多數 之導磁片堆疊所組成之圓弧型體並呈相向對稱配設，且在靠 近内緣面位置設有供板狀磁石插入之容置槽，供多片N極及 S極板狀磁石分別嵌入，據以構成一複合型場磁鐵之定子結 構；以及 該轉子之鐵芯表面供線圈繞設之多數條凸極，係呈螺旋 狀偏斜（skew)，藉以消除該板狀磁石相接合處之磁束分佈漣 波所造成之轉子頓轉（cogging)。 【實施方式】 首先，請參閱第三圖所示，其係揭示本創作之定子結構 分解立體圖，該定子（30)包括：一第一極靴（30a)及一第二極 靴（3〇b)，以及多片之N極板狀磁石（32a)及S極板狀磁石（32b) 所構成。該第一及第二極靴(30a)、（30b)係由多數之導磁片 (311)堆疊組成之圓弧型體，並呈相向對稱設在轉子之鐵芯 (52)的兩侧。該導磁片（311)之材質包含，但不限於，由矽鋼片 所構成，而其組成第一及第二極靴（30a)、（30b)前，即可預先 在其表面衝壓插入孔，如此其堆疊成型時，即可形成轴向之 容置槽（3 la)、（31b)。該容置槽（3 la)、（3 lb)並未限定其形狀， 但一較佳實施例，係沿著並儘量平行靠近内緣面的位置來形 成，如此可形成多個連續之容置槽（31a)、（31b)，且各容置槽 (31a)、（3lb)係分別可供N極板狀磁石（32a)及S極板狀磁石 (32b)插入，本圖中僅各以一片n極及S極板狀磁石（32a)、 (32b)來表示，事實上其係多片插入在該容置槽（31a)、（31b) 内，容不贅述。 接著，請參閱第四、五圖所示，其係揭示本創作之較佳實 -6 - M285129 施例剖示圖，其主要包括： 一外殼（20)，係固設一底座（21)上，其内壁兩侧設有對稱 呈圓弧狀之定子（3〇)。 一轉軸（51)，係貫穿外殼（20)，並由設外殼前、後蓋體 (23)、（34)之軸承（231)、（241)所支撐定位，而該前、後蓋體 (231)、（241)係可藉由一支以上之軸桿（22)加以固定。 一轉子（50)，係設在該轉轴（51)上，其包括有鐵芯（52)、線 圈（53)及整流子（54)所構成；俾與前述定子（30)構成一永磁 式直流馬達型態。而永磁式直流馬達為先前技術(Prior Art)， 非本專利訴求標的，故其原理及運轉容不贅述。 此外如為使用於諸如電動跑步機等健身器材上，本創作 係進一步可包括一慣性飛輪（40)設在該轉軸（51)的前端部， 且其外側面形成一皮帶輪(41)，藉以能由一傳動皮帶（圖未示） 帶動健身器材之運轉，但不限定於此。 除此之外，如第四圖所示，本創作之轉軸（51)尾端部更包 括設置一第一散熱風扇（25)。而該慣性飛輪(40)係呈C型體， 並耦合在該外殼（20)之前緣面，且於該慣性飛輪（40)之内侧 面設有一第二散熱風扇（42)，據以使得外殼(20)前、後端皆可 散熱。唯，此僅係本創作之一可行實施例，當非限定於此。 而，本創作之最大特徵係如第五圖所示，該定子（30)係由 第一及第二極靴（30a)、（30b)於其容置槽（3la)、（3lb)内插入 多片S極板狀磁石（32a)及N極板磁石（32b)所構成之複合型 場磁鐵結構，它的優點是板狀磁石形狀極為簡單，比較先前 之弧形磁石容易製作且耗損低，因此可以降低磁石的成本。 此外，該板狀磁石可由鈥、鐵、棚組合之歛鐵硼稀土類所構 -7- M285129 成之磁石，或是釤鈷系之磁石，此等磁石為BH特性大，欲獲 得相同磁力只需小型裝置即可。但更重要的是，先前之磁石 具有易退磁之特性，如此則不利於跑步機使用；而本創作係 板狀磁石插入第一、二極靴之容置槽（3la)、（31b)内，進而與 該極靴（30a)、（30b)複合成型，此複合結構可增進定子（30)之 磁作用效能，尤其具有不易退磁之功效。 雖然，前揭之板狀磁石及極靴的複合結構。確實可達 ' 製作成本降低等優點，但該各板狀磁石之接合處會造成如 第六圖（A)所示之磁束分佈漣波（60);為此，本創作則藉由該 © 轉子（50)之凸極（521)作成螺旋狀偏斜（skew)來平滑消除 之。因此，請再回到第三圖及第四圖所示，本創作進一步在該 轉子（50)之鐵芯（52)表面設有多數條凸極（521)供線圈（53)繞 設，該等凸極係呈斜向且相互平行設，而每一條凸極（521)之 起始端（522)位置恰與前一條凸極之末尾端（523)位置相對 為較佳，但不限定於此，是以，本創作藉由該轉子凸極螺旋狀 偏斜來消除該漣波（60)，使其如第六圖（B)所示呈平滑狀（70)， 進一步使該板狀磁石可以發揮應有的磁作用效能，並可降低 # 噪音及抖動，以提昇馬達運轉品質。 綜上所述，本創作所揭示之構造，為昔所無，且確能達到 預期之功效，並具可供產業利用性，完全符合新型專利要件， ^ 祈請貴審查委員核賜專利，以勵創新，無任德感。 " 惟，上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本創作之較佳實施例， 大凡熟悉此項技藝人士，依本案精神範疇所作之修飾或等效 變化，仍應包括在本案申請專利範圍内。 ⑧ -8- M285129 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係習用永磁式直流馬達剖示圖。 第二圖係習用場磁鐵之製作示意圖。 第三圖係本創作之定子結構分解立體圖。 第四圖係本創作較佳實施例之剖示圖。 第五圖係第四圖中5-5斷面剖示圖。 第六圖（A)係本創作尚未使轉子凸極呈螺旋狀時造成 磁束分佈漣波之示意圖。 第六圖（B)係本創作使轉子凸極呈螺旋狀消除漣波之 示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (20) 外殼 (21) 底座 (22) 轴桿 (23) 前蓋 (24) 後蓋 (231)、（241)轴承 (25) 第一散熱風扇 (30)定子 (30a)第一極靴 (30b)第二極靴 (31a)、（31b)容置槽 (32a)S極板狀磁石 (32b)N極板狀磁石 ⑧ -9 M285129 (311)導磁片 (40) 慣性飛輪 (41) 皮帶輪 (42) 第二散熱風扇 (50) 轉子 (51) 軸轴 (52) 鐵芯 (521) 凸極 (522) 起始端 (523) 末尾端 (53) 線圈 (54) 整流子 (60)漣波 (70)平滑狀M285129 VIII. New description: 【New technical field】 This creation is about the improvement of the magnetic pole structure of a permanent magnet type DC motor, especially the magnetic permeability design of the plate-like rare earth magnet and the pole piece composite for the stator of the motor. The rotor salient poles are helically offset to eliminate rotor cogging caused by the magnetic flux distribution ripple at the magnet joint. [Prior Art] According to the magnetic field of the general permanent magnet type DC motor (12), most of them are as shown in the first figure, and the surface of the outer casing (121) is provided with a tile-shaped surface-adhesive magnet (122); The iron-boron rare earth magnet has the characteristics of high magnetic energy product (BH)max and large coercive force (He), so it is gradually applied to consumer motor products. However, the S, N magnet (122) of the permanent magnet motor (12) is curved (tile), so as shown in the second figure, the square block magnet is made by wire cutting, so the tile Before and after the magnet, the magnets (122a) and (122b) need to be removed, so the manufacturing cost is very high, so the price of the magnet finished product is very expensive, so that it cannot be widely used in general consumer motor products. Therefore, the subject of this creation is to solve the problem and to find a solution to overcome it. [New content] The main purpose of this creation is to provide a permanent magnet type DC motor magnetic pole structure improvement, which is composed of a field magnet of a stator, a plate-like rare earth magnet and a pole-shoe composite method, which is easy to manufacture and Low cost features. In order to achieve the above object, the technical feature adopted by the present invention is that: the stator system comprises: a first and a second pole piece, and a plurality of N-plates - 5 - M285129 magnets and s-plate magnets; The first and second pole pieces are arranged by a plurality of arc-shaped bodies of a plurality of magnetic sheets, and are arranged symmetrically opposite each other, and a receiving groove for inserting a plate-shaped magnet is provided at a position close to the inner edge surface. a plurality of N-pole and S-plate magnets are respectively embedded to form a stator structure of a composite field magnet; and a plurality of salient poles of the core surface of the rotor for coil winding are spirally skewed (skew ), thereby eliminating the rotor cogging caused by the magnetic flux distribution chopping at the junction of the plate-shaped magnets. [Embodiment] First, please refer to the third figure, which is an exploded perspective view of the stator structure of the present invention. The stator (30) includes: a first pole piece (30a) and a second pole piece (3〇b) ), and a plurality of N-plate magnets (32a) and S-plate magnets (32b). The first and second pole pieces (30a) and (30b) are arc-shaped bodies formed by stacking a plurality of magnetic conductive sheets (311), and are symmetrically disposed on opposite sides of the iron core (52) of the rotor. The material of the magnetic conductive sheet (311) includes, but is not limited to, a steel sheet, and before the first and second pole pieces (30a) and (30b) are formed, the insertion hole can be punched in advance on the surface. When the stack is formed in this manner, the axial accommodating grooves (3 la) and (31b) can be formed. The accommodating grooves (3 la) and (3 lb) are not limited in shape, but a preferred embodiment is formed along a position parallel to the inner edge surface as far as possible, so that a plurality of continuous accommodating portions can be formed. The grooves (31a) and (31b), and the respective receiving grooves (31a) and (3lb) are respectively insertable into the N-plate magnet (32a) and the S-plate magnet (32b), and only A piece of n-pole and S-plate magnets (32a) and (32b) indicate that a plurality of pieces are actually inserted into the accommodating grooves (31a) and (31b), and are not described herein. Next, please refer to the fourth and fifth figures, which are a cross-sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, which mainly includes: a casing (20) fixed to a base (21) The stator is provided with a symmetrical arc-shaped stator (3 turns) on both sides of the inner wall. A rotating shaft (51) is penetrated through the outer casing (20) and supported by the bearings (231) and (241) of the front and rear covers (23) and (34) of the outer casing, and the front and rear covers ( 231) and (241) can be fixed by more than one shaft (22). a rotor (50) is disposed on the rotating shaft (51), and comprises a core (52), a coil (53) and a commutator (54); the cymbal and the stator (30) form a permanent magnet Type DC motor type. The permanent magnet type DC motor is the prior art (Prior Art), which is not the subject of the patent claim, so its principle and operation capacity are not described. In addition, if it is used in an exercise equipment such as a motorized treadmill, the creation system may further include an inertia flywheel (40) disposed at a front end portion of the rotating shaft (51), and an outer side thereof forming a pulley (41). The operation of the fitness equipment is driven by a transmission belt (not shown), but is not limited thereto. In addition, as shown in the fourth figure, the end portion of the rotating shaft (51) of the present invention further includes a first cooling fan (25). The inertia flywheel (40) is a C-shaped body and coupled to the front edge of the outer casing (20), and a second cooling fan (42) is disposed on the inner side of the inertia flywheel (40), so that the outer casing (20) Both front and rear ends can dissipate heat. However, this is only one of the possible embodiments of the present invention, and is not limited thereto. However, the greatest feature of the creation is as shown in the fifth figure. The stator (30) is inserted into the receiving slots (3la) and (3lb) by the first and second pole pieces (30a) and (30b). The composite field magnet structure composed of a plurality of S-plate magnets (32a) and N-plate magnets (32b) has the advantage that the shape of the plate magnet is extremely simple, and the arc magnet is easier to manufacture and has lower wear and tear than the previous one. Therefore, the cost of the magnet can be reduced. In addition, the plate-shaped magnet may be made of a ferritic, iron, and shed combination of iron-boron rare earths, -7-M285129, or a samarium-cobalt magnet. These magnets have a large BH characteristic and are required to obtain the same magnetic force. A small device is required. But more importantly, the previous magnet has the characteristics of easy demagnetization, which is not conducive to the use of the treadmill; and the creation of the plate magnet into the receiving slots (3la) and (31b) of the first and second pole shoes, Further, the composite structure is combined with the pole piece (30a) and (30b), and the composite structure can improve the magnetic effect of the stator (30), and particularly has the effect of being less demagnetizable. Although, the composite structure of the plate magnet and the pole piece is uncovered before. It is indeed possible to achieve the advantages of lower production cost, but the joint of the various plate magnets causes the magnetic flux distribution chopping (60) as shown in Fig. 6(A); for this reason, the creation is by the © rotor The salient pole (521) of (50) is spirally skewed to be smoothly eliminated. Therefore, please return to the third and fourth figures. The present invention further includes a plurality of salient poles (521) on the surface of the iron core (52) of the rotor (50) for winding the coil (53). The salient poles are obliquely and parallel to each other, and the position of the starting end (522) of each salient pole (521) is preferably opposite to the position of the end end (523) of the preceding salient pole, but is not limited thereto. Therefore, the present invention eliminates the chopping (60) by the helical deflection of the rotor salient pole, so as to be smooth (70) as shown in the sixth figure (B), further making the plate magnet can be Give full play to the magnetic effect and reduce # noise and jitter to improve motor running quality. In summary, the structure revealed by this creation is unprecedented, and it can achieve the expected effect, and it can be used for industrial utilization, fully complying with the new patent requirements. ^ Pray for the review by the review committee to Encourage innovation, no sense of morality. " However, the above-mentioned drawings and descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of this creation. Those who are familiar with this skill, the modifications or equivalent changes made in the spirit of the case should still be included in the scope of patent application in this case. Inside. 8 -8- M285129 [Simple description of the diagram] The first figure is a cross-sectional view of a conventional permanent magnet DC motor. The second picture is a schematic diagram of the fabrication of the field magnet. The third figure is an exploded perspective view of the stator structure of the present creation. The fourth drawing is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of the fourth figure. The sixth figure (A) is a schematic diagram of the magnetic flux distribution chopping when the rotor has not been spiraled. The sixth figure (B) is a schematic diagram in which the rotor salient pole is spirally eliminated to eliminate chopping. [Main component symbol description] (20) Housing (21) Base (22) Shaft (23) Front cover (24) Rear cover (231), (241) Bearing (25) First cooling fan (30) Stator (30a ) First pole piece (30b) second pole piece (31a), (31b) receiving groove (32a) S plate magnet (32b) N-plate magnet 8 -9 M285129 (311) magnetic sheet (40) Inertia flywheel (41) Pulley (42) Second cooling fan (50) Rotor (51) Shaft (52) Core (521) Salient (522) Start (523) End (53) Coil (54) Commutator (60) chopping (70) smooth