TWI833275B - Metal casting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A metal casting apparatus comprises a tundish, a temperature sensor, a casting mold, a pulling device, and a controller. The tundish includes a nozzle. The temperature sensor is at the tundish for sensing an initial casting temperature at an initial casting time. The casting mold includes a chamber, an injection port, and a puller port. The one end of the nozzle is located in the injection port. The pulling device includes a puller and a driving assembly. The puller includes a first end and a second end. The first end is at the puller port. The driving assembly connects to the second end of the puller. The puller pulls the puller when the driving assembly is driven. The controller obtains a pulling time according to a threshold, the initial casting temperature, the initial casting time, and a solidification temperature of the molten steel. The controller drives the driving assembly according to the pull time.

Description

Metal casting equipment

A kind of metal casting equipment, especially a metal casting equipment that controls the drawing time through a controller.

During the metal refining process, there are large differences in the solidification behavior and high-temperature characteristics of stainless steel and ordinary carbon steel. The continuous casting process is a key process in the modern steel production process. In the continuous casting process, molten steel is injected into the casting mold with a cooling system from the steel tank. After it is initially cooled until the shell solidifies, it is led by the controller to the secondary cooling area. After cooling until completely solidified, it is cut and sent to subsequent processes. A stable continuous casting process is the core of production, and the biggest impact on the stability of the continuous casting process is the occurrence of steel leakage (or casting leakage). Steel leakage refers to the leakage of unsolidified molten steel in the casting embryo to the production line. In addition to the need to immediately stop the operation of the production line, high-temperature molten steel may also cause serious work safety accidents to on-site personnel. There are many causes of steel leakage. For example, the inclusion of steel slag or foreign matter in the molten steel or the casting mold causes uneven thickness of the shell of the casting shell, which causes steel leakage. This is called slag inclusion and steel leakage; when the molten steel solidifies in the casting mold, it adheres to the inside of the casting mold. If the wall breaks during drawing and steel leakage occurs, it is called bonded steel leakage; when the casting shell is initially cooled in the mold, severe straight cracks occur, resulting in steel leakage, which is called straight crack steel leakage (or cracked thick steel). ; When the casting blank is not completely cooled to solidification in the secondary cooling zone and then enters cutting, resulting in the leakage of unsolidified molten steel in the center, it is called cutting steel leakage, etc. In the past, when problems with direct cracking or cut-off steel leakage occurred, they were mostly dealt with by reducing the casting speed and/or increasing cooling of the casting mold. However, such an approach would affect production efficiency, and even if no steel leakage occurred, it would still be possible. There is a problem of serious straight cracks. Straight cracks that cannot be processed through subsequent processing are serious surface defects and need to be discarded, which reduces the yield and affects production capacity.

The factors causing direct cracking have been studied in various ways in the past. Controlling the composition of the molten steel, adjusting the performance of the mold slag, improving the gate structure, optimizing the liquid level control technology, etc. can all have certain effects, but they are different. Complex factors such as steel type, casting embryo shape, continuous casting equipment and process parameters prevent the aforementioned technical means from having broad applicability.

In the continuous casting process, the temperature of the molten steel in the starting stage (i.e. the starting temperature) will be different in each batch of samples. The main reason is to adjust the drawing time to cope with the different starting temperatures. In the past, it was generally believed that When the casting temperature is high, a longer drawing time is needed to solidify the shell, thereby avoiding the occurrence of serious straight cracks or break outs. However, it was found in some samples that even if the drawing time is long, After a long time, serious straight cracks still occurred.

During the casting stage of the continuous casting process, defects such as cracks, pits, and slag inclusions often appear in the casting blank. These defects greatly affect the surface quality and yield rate of the casting blank. Among them, straight cracks at the start of casting are the most serious. Straight cracks at the start of casting will cause break out production accidents. The break out refers to the cooling process in the casting mold during the production process of the casting blank. Fast, resulting in a large volume shrinkage during the phase transformation of the cast embryo, uneven thickness of the solidified shell of the cast embryo, causing stress to be concentrated in the thinner solidified shell and direct cracking, and unsolidified molten steel in the solidified shell leaking from the cracks It turns out that not only does the continuous casting process need to be stopped at this time, but the leaked molten steel still has a high temperature, which will cause serious industrial safety accidents to on-site personnel. Therefore, direct cracking and steel leakage will seriously affect the continuous casting process. Process time, electricity, manpower and throughput.

In view of this, a metal casting equipment is provided here, which includes a steel sub-trough, a temperature sensor, a casting mold, a liquid level sensor, a pulling device, a transmission component and a controller. The sub-channel has a casting nozzle. The temperature sensor is installed in the sub-trough to sense the casting temperature during the casting time. The casting mold has a cavity, an injection port and a extraction port, and one end of the casting nozzle is located at the injection port. The pulling device has a pulling device and a transmission component. The puller has a first end and a second end, and the first end is located in the pullout opening. The transmission component is connected to the second end of the puller, and when the transmission component is driven, it can pull the puller. The controller obtains the drawing time based on the index threshold, starting temperature, starting time and melt solidification temperature, and the controller drives the transmission component during the drawing time.

In some embodiments, the controller obtains the extraction time according to the following formula: extraction time = index threshold / (starting temperature - melt solidification temperature) + starting time.

In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment further includes a liquid level sensor for sensing the molten liquid level of the chamber. The molten liquid level includes a first liquid level and a second liquid level. The liquid level sensor is in During the casting start time, it is sensed that the molten liquid level reaches the first liquid level, and during the extraction time, the liquid level sensor senses that the molten liquid level reaches the second liquid level.

In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment further includes a flow rate control component, wherein the preset time interval is the pulling time minus the casting time. When the controller estimates that the filling time does not fall within the preset time interval, the controller controls The flow rate control component is used to adjust and make the estimated filling time fall within a preset time interval.

To sum up, in some embodiments, at the beginning of the casting operation, after the metal casting equipment obtains the drawing time based on the indicator threshold, the casting temperature, the casting time and the melt solidification temperature through the controller, the metal casting equipment can be used according to the drawing time. Carry out the drawing operation during the pulling time, so that the initially formed shell of the casting shell in the casting mold can reach a consistent and appropriate thickness to avoid the occurrence of direct cracks and steel leakage, thus improving the efficiency of the casting operation and the yield of the casting shell.

Various embodiments are provided below for detailed description. However, the embodiments are only used as examples and do not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, some components are omitted from the drawings in the embodiments to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar elements.

Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3 together. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of metal casting equipment in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 is a block diagram of metal casting equipment in some embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the casting mold connecting the casting nozzle and the puller in some embodiments of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , the metal casting equipment 1 includes a steel channel 11 (Tundish), a temperature sensor 12 , a casting mold 13 , a drawing device 14 and a controller 16 . The sub-channel 11 has a casting nozzle 111 . The temperature sensor 12 is disposed in the sub-channel 11, and the temperature sensor 12 is used to sense a casting temperature during a casting time. The casting mold 13 has a cavity 131 , an injection port 132 and a extraction port 133 . The cavity 131 is connected to the injection port 132 and the extraction port 133 respectively. The other end of the casting nozzle 111 is located at the injection port 132 . The pulling device 14 has a pulling device 141 and a transmission assembly 15 . The puller 141 has a first end 142 and a second end 143. The first end 142 is located at the pullout opening 133. The transmission component 15 is connected to the second end 143 of the puller 141, and when the transmission component 15 is driven, it can pull the puller 141. The controller 16 obtains a drawing time based on an index threshold, the starting temperature, the starting time and a melt solidification temperature, and the controller 16 drives the transmission component 15 during the drawing time.

The sub-trough 11 can be used to receive and store a molten metal m, and the molten metal m can be output from the casting nozzle 111. In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a continuous casting station and a refining station. The refining station can melt the metal raw materials into molten metal m (or molten steel), and the continuous casting station can process the molten metal m. The starting casting operation and the continuous casting operation are performed to produce a casting blank (for example, a stainless steel blank). The continuous casting station includes a steel sub-trough 11 and a ladle 17 (Ladle), as shown in Figure 1. The ladle 17 is connected to the steel sub-trough 11. The ladle 17 can receive the refined molten metal m and output the molten metal m to the sub-steel tank 11. In some embodiments, before starting the casting operation, the casting nozzle 111 is in a closed state. At this time, the molten metal m in the steel sub-trough 11 cannot pass through and be output by the casting nozzle 111 . When the casting operation starts, the casting nozzle 111 is in an open state. At this time, the molten metal m in the sub-trough 11 can be output through the casting nozzle 111. Among them, when the casting operation starts, the casting nozzle 111 is located at the injection port 132 of the casting mold 13, so that the casting nozzle 111 is connected with the cavity 131, so that the molten metal m can be directly injected into the cavity 131, thereby, This is to prevent the molten metal m from oxidizing when it is injected into the casting mold 13 .

The temperature sensor 12 is arranged inside the steel sub-trough 11, and the temperature sensor 12 may be a thermocouple or an infrared thermometer. The aforementioned "temperature sensor 12 is used to sense the starting temperature during the casting time" may mean that the temperature sensor 12 senses the metal in the sub-channel 11 at the beginning of the casting time. The temperature of the molten metal m. At this time, the temperature of the molten metal m sensed by the temperature sensor 12 is the starting temperature, and the temperature sensor 12 can generate and transmit a starting temperature signal to the controller 16 according to the starting temperature. , so that the controller 16 obtains the starting temperature according to the starting temperature signal.

When the casting mold 13 starts the casting operation, the molten metal m in the cavity 131 can be heated. Under the action of the heat, the molten metal m will first form a casting embryo shell on the outer layer, and then gradually move towards the casting embryo. The interior of the embryonic shell solidifies.

Before starting the casting operation, the first end 142 of the puller 141 can be placed in the pullout opening 133 of the casting mold 13 so that the first end 142 is located in the cavity 131 . In some embodiments, a chilling material may be provided on the first end 142 so that the molten metal m is injected into the chamber 131 and when it contacts the first end 142 of the puller 141, the part of the metal in contact with the first end 142 The melt m can be rapidly cooled by the chilling material, and first form a casting shell that is about to solidify, so that this part of the casting shell can be attached to the first end 142 of the puller 141. During the pulling operation, the pulling device 141 can smoothly pull the cast embryo shell from the inside of the chamber 131 to the outside through the pulling opening 133 . In some embodiments, when the first end 142 is located at the extraction opening 133, if there is a gap between the first end 142 and the extraction opening 133, a heat-resistant material can be further filled in the gap to prevent the molten metal m from flowing through the gap. outflow.

The transmission component 15 can be a straightener, and the transmission component 15 can be connected to the second end 143 of the puller 141 through a pulling chain (not shown in the figure). The controller 16 can drive the transmission component 15 so that the transmission component 15 Pull the pulling chain to pull the cast embryo shell attached to the first end 142 of the puller 141 from the casting mold 13. This procedure is the pulling operation, and the transmission assembly 15 can pull the cast embryo shell out. Pull out to subsequent continuous casting operations (for example, secondary cooling and straightening operations).

The controller 16 may be a computer or a programmable logic controller (PLC). In some embodiments, the controller 16 obtains the drawing time according to the following formula (1): drawing time = index threshold / (starting temperature - melt solidification temperature) + starting time. The casting start time may refer to the time when the molten metal m is injected into the casting mold 13 and filled to a first liquid level (explained later), or it may refer to the time when the molten metal m starts to be output from the casting nozzle 111 . The drawing time may refer to the time when the molten metal m is injected into the casting mold 13 and filled to a second liquid level (explained later), or it may refer to the time when the molten metal m is filled into the casting mold 13 to a preset volume. time. The index threshold value can be written in the controller 16 in advance, and the controller 16 can control the pulling time according to the index threshold value, so that when the casting shell is started, it can prevent the casting shell from cracking during the initial solidification, so as to improve the casting quality. yield rate. The solidification temperature of the molten metal may refer to the solidification temperature of the molten metal m selected as the casting blank. It should be noted that the controller 16 stores at least one parameter of the solidification temperature of the molten metal, and the solidification temperatures of different molten metals m are different. , according to the selection of raw materials for the casting blank, the controller 16 can select the corresponding melt solidification temperature parameters. In some embodiments, taking the metal raw material of Matian loose iron series as an example, the casting temperature is between 1480 degrees Celsius and 1550 degrees Celsius, and the index threshold can be between 300 and 1040 degrees Celsius.

In some embodiments, the index threshold can be obtained through a computer-aided design (CAD) software and a computer-aided engineering (CAE) software combined with an analysis of the solidification behavior of the molten metal m, so that the index threshold It can prevent straight cracks in casting. Since the cooling rate of the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 will affect the thickness of the casting shell (i.e., the solidified shell), the relevant process parameters of the casting operation are collected through computer-aided design software and computer-aided engineering software, and each process is analyzed. The parameters respectively influence the solidified shell inside the casting mold 13 . The analysis steps for indicator thresholds include:

Obtain the starting parameters: obtain the casting mold engineering drawing, puller engineering drawing, casting mold material, puller material, chill material material, material physical properties, starting temperature, weight, relative position, casting mold liquid level, quality Start-up parameters such as flow rate, start-up time, pull-out time, mold water flow rate, mold water temperature, cooling system, external convection mode, ambient temperature, puller heat radiation or interface heat transfer.

Establish a three-dimensional object model: Computer-aided design software creates a three-dimensional object model based on the casting parameters.

Define model parameters of the 3D object model: Computer-aided engineering software defines a model parameter of the 3D object model, such as geometric definition, 2D/3D mesh construction, gravity field direction, material physical properties, volume definition, material definition, interface thermal Model parameters such as transfer definition, boundary process definition or solution parameter setting.

Verify the three-dimensional object model: The computer-aided engineering software inputs at least one straight crack process data and at least one non-straight crack process data into the three-dimensional object model, analyzes and compares the solidification behavior in the casting mold 13 through the three-dimensional object model, and compares the straight crack process data with There is no difference between direct cracking process data.

Obtaining the index threshold: Based on the difference between the direct cracking process data and the non-direct cracking process data, the computer-aided engineering software concluded that the factors positively related to direct cracking in casting include a degree of superheat and a filling time. Among them, the degree of superheat can be It refers to the subtraction between the first temperature measurement of the sub-tank 11 and the solidification temperature of the melt. The filling time can be the index pull-out time minus the casting start time. The product of superheat and filling time is used as an execution index, and is verified with direct crack process data and non-direct crack process data, and the index threshold is set based on the execution index and the thickness drop value of a solidified shell (explained later). For example, when the index threshold is analyzed to be between 300 and 1040, and the risk of direct cracking is relatively low, the index threshold can be preset to 1040 °C·s. When the melt solidification temperature is 1501°C and the casting temperature is 1537°C , the casting start time is 04:07:57, and the drawing time is 04:07:23. From this, it can be seen that the superheat is 36°C, the filling seconds are 30 s, and the estimated execution index is 1080 °C·s. Since the estimated execution index has exceeded the preset index threshold, it means that there is a risk of direct cracking in this casting operation.

In some embodiments, the aforementioned "setting the index threshold based on the execution index and the condensation shell thickness drop value" may mean that the indicator threshold is the execution indicator when the condensation shell thickness drop value is less than or equal to a judgment threshold. Among them, the thickness difference value of the solidified shell can be a percentage value. When the computer-aided engineering software analyzes the influencing factors of direct cracking at the start of casting, based on the comparison results between the direct cracking process data and the non-direct cracking process data, it can be judged that the shell thickness drop value of the direct cracking process data is significantly greater than that of the non-direct cracking process data. The value of the thickness difference of the condensed shell shows that a fast cooling rate is prone to uneven condensed shells. Please refer to Table 1 below. Each starting casting parameter (CAE simulation 1 to CAE simulation 8) shown in Table 1 includes execution indicators and solidified shell thickness drop value respectively. When the solidified shell thickness drop value is less than or equal to 30% (for example, CAE simulation 1 to CAE simulation 4), the direct crack situation is "slight straight crack or no straight crack". In the actual process, slight straight crack does not affect the progress of the casting operation, and direct cracking and steel leakage occur. The risk is lower. On the contrary, when the thickness difference of the solidified shell is greater than 30% (for example, CAE simulation 5 to CAE simulation 8), the straight crack situation is "severe straight crack". In the actual process, severe straight crack may affect the progress of the casting operation. And the risk of direct cracking and steel leakage is high. Therefore, even if the execution index of any steel type exceeds the preset index threshold of 1040 °C·s, if the drop value of the solidified shell thickness corresponding to the execution index is less than or equal to the judgment threshold, at this moment The execution indicators of can still be used as indicator thresholds. In some embodiments, the judgment threshold may be 30%, that is, when the thickness difference of the condensation shell is less than or equal to 30%, all execution indicators that meet this condition can be set as the indicator threshold. Accordingly, when the continuous casting process processes different steel types, considering the material characteristics of different steel types, the index threshold can be corrected based on the steel type characteristics (condensation shell thickness drop value) to reflect the actual direct crack index threshold of different steel types to achieve accurate control. In some embodiments, the controller 16 obtains the index threshold based on the execution index, the thickness drop value of the solidified shell and the judgment threshold. It may mean that before starting the casting operation, the controller 16 can pre-write the judgment threshold. When the controller 16 receives multiple execution indicators and the corresponding thickness difference value of the solidified shell, the controller 16 can select the solidified shell according to the judgment threshold. The execution indicator when the thickness difference value is less than or equal to the judgment threshold (for example, 30%) is used as the indicator threshold.

Table I: sample Superheat ( ΔT , ℃) Filling time(Sec.) Execution indicators Condensation shell thickness ( simulation) (mm) Condensation shell thickness drop value (simulation) (%) Straight crack situation ( simulation) CAE simulation 1 40 20 800 30.75 15.80% Slight straight crack or no straight crack CAE simulation 2 40 twenty four 960 36.90 25.60% Slight straight crack or no straight crack CAE simulation 3 40 25 1000 38.44 28.90% Slight straight crack or no straight crack CAE simulation 4 40 26 1040 39.98 30.10% Slight straight crack or no straight crack CAE simulation 5 40 30 1200 46.13 32.50% Severe straight crack CAE simulation 6 40 35 1400 53.81 39.60% Severe straight crack CAE simulation 7 40 40 1600 61.50 42.30% Severe straight crack CAE simulation 8 40 45 1800 69.19 42.90% Severe straight crack

In some embodiments, the past casting sample data (such as Table 2) can be imported into the three-dimensional object model for simulation, and combined with the actual sample direct crack situation, the index threshold or the judgment threshold can be further corrected to be more consistent with actual casting. needs.

Table II: sample Superheat ( ΔT , ℃) Filling time(Sec.) Execution indicators Condensation shell thickness ( simulation) (mm) Condensation shell thickness drop value ( simulation) (%) Straight crack situation ( actual) Sample A1 39 29 1131 47.8 38.90% Severe straight crack Sample A2 36 18 648 38.5 7.50% No straight cracks Sample A3 31 30 930 43.3 16.60% No straight cracks

The aforementioned "further correct the index threshold or judgment threshold based on the actual sample direct crack situation". Specifically, as shown in Table 2, after inputting the data of sample A1 (including superheat degree and filling time) into the three-dimensional object model , the three-dimensional object model can obtain a thickness drop value of 38.90% for the condensed shell, and sample A1 has severe direct cracks under these production conditions (superheat and filling time). According to the display results of the three-dimensional object model, the condensed shell of sample A1 The thickness drop value is 38.90%, which exceeds the judgment threshold (for example, 30%). It can be verified that when the casting temperature is high, the extended filling time will cause uneven solidification shell. In some embodiments, the data of the actual sample can be input into the three-dimensional object model. After the three-dimensional object model obtains the solidified shell thickness drop value, the judgment threshold can be corrected based on the actual direct crack situation and the solidified shell thickness drop value, so that the metal casting When the equipment 1 casts different metal types, the sample data can be input into the three-dimensional object model in advance, and the controller 16 resets the index threshold or judgment threshold to comply with the direct cracking situation of different metal types.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a liquid level sensor 18 for sensing the molten liquid level in the chamber 131 , where the molten liquid level includes A first liquid level P1 and a second liquid level P2, wherein the first liquid level P1 may refer to the position where the first end 142 of the puller 141 is located at the casting mold 13 , and the second liquid level P2 may refer to the casting mold 13 The inner molten metal m is filled until the casting operation reaches the required capacity. During the casting start time, the liquid level sensor 18 senses that the molten metal m in the chamber 131 reaches the first liquid level P1, which may mean that the liquid level sensor 18 senses the first liquid level P1. At the position P1, the liquid level sensor 18 generates a first liquid level signal and transmits it to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 uses the current time when the first liquid level signal is received as the casting start time. The liquid level sensor 18 senses that the molten metal m reaches the second liquid level P2 in the chamber 131 during the extraction time. This may mean that the liquid level sensor 18 senses that the molten metal m reaches the second liquid level P2. At the second liquid level P2, a second liquid level signal is generated and transmitted to the controller 16, so that the controller 16 drives the transmission assembly 15 when receiving the second liquid level signal. Among them, the time for the molten metal m to reach the second liquid level P2 needs to be equal to the drawing time. If this condition is met, the casting blank can be prevented from causing direct cracks. In order to meet this condition, the controller 16 can transport the molten metal by controlling the casting nozzle 111. The flow rate of the liquid m makes the time for the molten metal m to reach the second liquid level P2 equal to the drawing time (explained later). As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments, the liquid level sensor 18 includes a transmitting unit 181 and a receiving unit 182. The receiving unit 182 is used to receive a radiation source from the transmitting unit 181. The liquid level sensor 18Measure the melt level based on the radiation source. Specifically, the liquid level sensor 18 can sense the melt level of the molten metal m in the chamber 131 through a radiation source (such as cesium 137) that can be emitted by the transmitting unit 181, and receive the radiation through the receiving unit 182. After the source changes, the liquid level sensor 18 can determine the change of the liquid level inside the casting mold 13 .

As shown in Figure 1 again, in some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a flow rate control component 161, in which a preset time interval is the pulling time minus the casting time, and the controller 16 estimates the filling time. When the time does not fall within the preset time interval, the controller 16 controls the flow rate control component 161 to adjust and make the estimated filling time fall within the preset time interval. The controller 16 may include at least a chamber volume parameter and a melt flow rate parameter, and the controller 16 may obtain an estimated filling time based on an instant melt level, chamber volume parameter, and melt flow rate parameter. The instant melt level may mean that the liquid level sensor 18 senses the liquid level of the molten metal m inside the casting mold 13 in real time. The cavity volume parameter may refer to the volume of the cavity 131. The cavity 131 of different casting molds 13 has slightly different volumes. The cavity volume parameter can be obtained when the design of the casting mold 13 is completed. The molten flow rate parameter may refer to the flow rate at which the flow rate control component 161 controls the molten metal m to flow out of the casting nozzle 111 (described later). The preset time interval may mean that after the controller 16 obtains the pull-out time according to formula (1), the preset time interval is obtained by subtracting the pull-out time from the casting time. For example, when the controller 16 obtains the pull-out time according to formula (1) The time is 9:40:20 and the casting start time is 09:40:00. The controller 16 can calculate that the preset time interval is 20 seconds. In some embodiments, the preset time interval is between 17 seconds and 45 seconds.

See Figure 1 to Figure 5. Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of area A in Figure 1, showing that the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle is the first distance. Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of area A in Figure 1, showing that the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle is the second distance. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 , in some embodiments, the filling time may also refer to the time when the molten metal m fills the chamber 131 from the first liquid level P1 to the second liquid level P2. The controller 16 may By controlling the flow rate control component 161, the flow rate of the molten metal m output from the casting nozzle 111 is controlled, thereby adjusting the time for the molten metal m to fill the chamber 131 so that the estimated filling time falls within a preset time interval, where , if the filling time exceeds the preset time interval, the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 may be overheated, causing the thickness of the formed casting shell to be too thick, and the thicker casting shell will also It is not conducive to the drawing operation. If the filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 may be overheated, causing the thickness of the casting shell to be too thin or even inconsistent. For some materials with a large volumetric expansion rate (such as Mata loose iron materials), the risk of direct cracking will increase during casting. There is a very high probability of direct cracking and steel leakage during drawing operations. Specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the flow rate control component 161 has a blocking rod 162. When the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 have a first distance L1. When the filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 have a second distance L2, and the first distance L1 is smaller than the second distance L2. Among them, the controller 16 can control the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111. If the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 is 0, the casting nozzle 111 is in a closed state. If the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111 is greater than When 0, the casting nozzle 111 is in the open state. In some embodiments, when the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the controller 16 sends a first control signal to the flow rate control component 161. The flow rate control component 161 adjusts the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting distance according to the first control signal. The mouth 111 is at the first distance L1. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the controller 16 sends a second control signal to the flow rate control component 161. The flow rate control component 161 adjusts the blocking rod 162 according to the second control signal. It is the second distance L2 from the casting nozzle 111 . Thereby, the controller 16 can adjust the flow rate of the molten metal m out of the casting nozzle 111 by controlling the distance between the blocking rod 162 and the casting nozzle 111, so that the estimated filling time can fall within the preset time interval, thereby making the casting mold The molten metal m in 13 can be heated within an appropriate time to form a cast embryo shell of appropriate thickness.

In some embodiments, the metal casting equipment 1 further includes a cooling device 19. The cooling device 19 is disposed outside the casting mold 13 to reduce the casting temperature. Among them, the cooling device 19 can be a water-cooling cooling device. The cooling device 19 can be opened before the continuous casting operation, so that when the molten metal m is input into the casting mold 13, the molten metal m can be heated, so that the molten metal m can be heated. m can be gradually reduced from the casting temperature to the solidification temperature of the molten metal, so that the molten metal m can form a casting embryo shell.

To sum up, according to the metal casting equipment 1 of some embodiments, before the start of the casting operation, the temperature sensor 12 can sense the starting temperature of the molten metal in the sub-tank 11 at the beginning of the casting time. And the controller 16 can obtain the drawing time based on parameters such as the starting temperature, the index threshold, the starting time, and the melt solidification temperature, thereby controlling the casting shell in the casting mold 13 to form a consistent and appropriate thickness to avoid Straight cracks and steel leaks occur, thereby improving the efficiency of the continuous casting operation and the yield of the casting blanks. Furthermore, during the stage when the molten metal m is injected into the casting mold 13, if the estimated filling time does not fall within the preset time interval , then the controller 16 can control the flow rate control component 161 to adjust the flow rate of the molten metal m output from the casting nozzle 111, so that the molten metal m in the casting mold 13 can be subject to appropriate heat extraction to form a casting with appropriate thickness. Embryo shell.

Although the technical content of the present invention has been disclosed above in the form of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any slight changes and modifications made by anyone skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. Within the scope of the present invention, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the appended patent application.

1:Metal casting equipment 11: divided steel channel 111: cast mouth 12:Temperature sensor 13: Casting mold 131: Chamber 132:Injection port 133:Inlet and outlet 14: Pulling device 141: Puller 142:First end 143:Second end 15: Transmission components 16:Controller 161:Flow rate control component 162: blocking rod 17: Steel drum 18: Liquid level sensor 181:Launching unit 182: Receiving unit 19: Cooling device L1: first distance L2: second distance m: molten metal P1: first liquid level P2: second liquid level

[Fig. 1] is a schematic diagram of metal casting equipment in some embodiments of the present invention. [Fig. 2] is a block diagram of metal casting equipment in some embodiments of the present invention. [Fig. 3] is a schematic diagram of the casting mold connecting the casting nozzle and the puller in some embodiments of the present invention. [Fig. 4] is a partial enlarged view of area A in Fig. 1, showing that the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle is the first distance. [Figure 5] is a partial enlarged view of area A in Figure 1, showing that the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle is the second distance.

1:Metal casting equipment 11: divided steel channel 111: cast mouth 12:Temperature sensor 13: Casting mold 15: Transmission components 16:Controller 161:Flow rate control component 162: blocking rod 17: Steel drum 18: Liquid level sensor 181:Launching unit 182: Receiving unit 19: Cooling device m: molten metal

Claims (11)

A kind of metal casting equipment, including: a steel tank with a casting nozzle; a temperature sensor arranged in the steel tank to sense a casting temperature during a casting time; a casting mold, It has a chamber, an injection port and a extraction port, and one end of the casting nozzle is located at the injection port; a extraction device has a extraction device and a transmission component, and the extraction device has a first end and a second end. end, the first end is located at the extraction port, the transmission component is connected to the second end of the puller, and when the transmission component is driven, the puller is pulled out; and a controller, according to An index threshold, the starting temperature, the starting time and a melt solidification temperature are used to obtain a pulling time, and the controller drives the transmission component during the pulling time; wherein, the controller is obtained according to the following formula The drawing time: the drawing time = the indicator threshold/(the casting temperature - the melt solidification temperature) + the casting time. The metal casting equipment of claim 1 further includes a liquid level sensor for sensing a molten liquid level in the chamber, the molten liquid level including a first liquid level and a second liquid level. The liquid level sensor senses that the molten liquid level reaches the first liquid level during the casting start time, and the liquid level sensor senses that the molten liquid liquid level reaches the first liquid level during the pull-out time. level reaches the second liquid level. The metal casting equipment of claim 2, wherein the liquid level sensor includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit, and the receiving unit is used to receive a radiation source of the transmitting unit. The liquid level sensor is based on the The radiation source measures the melt level. The metal casting equipment according to claim 1 further includes a cooling device, which is disposed outside the casting mold to reduce the casting temperature. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, further comprising a flow rate control component, wherein a preset time interval is the pull-out time minus the casting start time, and the controller does not fall within the estimated filling time. During the preset time interval, the controller controls the flow rate control component to adjust and make the estimated filling time fall within the preset time interval. The metal casting equipment of claim 5, wherein the flow rate control component has a blocking rod, and when the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the blocking rod has a first distance from the casting nozzle, and the blocking rod has a first distance from the casting nozzle. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the blocking rod and the casting nozzle have a second distance, and the first distance is smaller than the second distance. The metal casting equipment of claim 6, wherein when the estimated filling time is lower than the preset time interval, the controller sends a first control signal to the flow rate control component, and the flow rate control component is based on the first Control the signal to adjust the distance between the blocking rod and the casting nozzle to the first distance. When the estimated filling time is higher than the preset time interval, the controller sends a second control signal to the flow rate control component. The flow rate control component According to the second control signal, the blocking rod and the casting nozzle are adjusted to the second distance. The metal casting equipment of claim 5, wherein the preset time interval is between 17 and 45 seconds. The metal casting equipment as described in claim 1, wherein the indicator threshold is between 300 and 1040. The metal casting equipment of claim 1, wherein the index threshold is an execution index when a thickness difference value of a solidified shell is less than or equal to a judgment threshold. The metal casting equipment according to claim 10, wherein the judgment threshold is 30%.

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