TWI831302B - Reverse osmosis system and method of cleaning the same - Google Patents
Reverse osmosis system and method of cleaning the same Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 247
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000819 hypertonic solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940021223 hypertonic solution Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000815 hypotonic solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本發明是關於一種逆滲透系統，特別是關於一種逆滲透系統及其清洗方法。The present invention relates to a reverse osmosis system, and in particular to a reverse osmosis system and a cleaning method thereof.
逆滲透(reverse osmosis，RO)是一種水質淨化的方法。原理是利用滲透作用，將清水(低張溶液)和濃水(高張溶液)置於管中，並以半透膜分隔開。半透膜係僅允許水通過的薄膜，故水會從滲透壓低的低張溶液流向滲透壓高的高張溶液中。逆滲透則是在高張溶液處施加壓力，而使水由高張溶液流向低張溶液，以藉由半透膜擋下濃水中的溶質分子。Reverse osmosis (RO) is a method of water purification. The principle is to use osmosis to place clean water (hypotonic solution) and concentrated water (hypertonic solution) in a tube and separate them with a semipermeable membrane. A semipermeable membrane is a membrane that only allows water to pass through, so water will flow from a hypotonic solution with a low osmotic pressure to a hypertonic solution with a high osmotic pressure. Reverse osmosis applies pressure to a hypertonic solution to cause water to flow from a hypertonic solution to a hypotonic solution, thereby blocking solute molecules in concentrated water through a semipermeable membrane.
由於逆滲透裝置中的RO膜在長期使用過程中須進行清洗，以確保RO膜的效能。然而，習知方法中，頻繁地清洗RO膜，或以化學藥劑及高壓沖洗RO膜，都可能對RO膜造成傷害，使其效能下降，甚而縮短RO膜的使用壽命。The RO membrane in the reverse osmosis device must be cleaned during long-term use to ensure the efficiency of the RO membrane. However, in conventional methods, frequent cleaning of the RO membrane, or flushing of the RO membrane with chemicals and high pressure may cause damage to the RO membrane, reduce its performance, and even shorten the service life of the RO membrane.
有鑑於此，亟須提供一種逆滲透系統，其係藉由逆滲透裝置的特定配置，以減少RO膜的阻塞問題，且減少RO膜的清洗頻率，進而延長RO膜的使用壽命。In view of this, it is urgent to provide a reverse osmosis system that uses a specific configuration of the reverse osmosis device to reduce the blocking problem of the RO membrane and reduce the cleaning frequency of the RO membrane, thereby extending the service life of the RO membrane.
本發明之一態樣是提供一種逆滲透系統，其係包含垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置，以攔截各種阻塞物質。One aspect of the present invention is to provide a reverse osmosis system, which includes a vertically arranged first reverse osmosis device to intercept various blocking substances.
本發明之另一態樣是提供一種上述態樣之逆滲透系統的清洗方法，其係藉由反向氣水洗操作清洗上述態樣的第一逆滲透裝置。Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a cleaning method for the reverse osmosis system of the above aspect, which cleans the first reverse osmosis device of the above aspect through a reverse air and water washing operation.
根據本發明之一態樣，提供一種逆滲透系統，其係包含垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置、水平設置的至少一個第二逆滲透裝置及至少一個第三逆滲透裝置。進流水係自第一逆滲透裝置之上方的第一進水口進入第一逆滲透裝置，並由第一逆滲透裝置之下方的第一排水口流出。藉由第一管線連接第一逆滲透裝置的第一排水口與至少一個第二逆滲透裝置的第二進水口。藉由第二管線連接至少一個第二逆滲透裝置的第二排水口與至少一個第三逆滲透裝置的第三進水口。According to an aspect of the present invention, a reverse osmosis system is provided, which includes a first reverse osmosis device arranged vertically, at least one second reverse osmosis device arranged horizontally, and at least one third reverse osmosis device. The inflow water enters the first reverse osmosis device from the first water inlet above the first reverse osmosis device, and flows out from the first drainage port below the first reverse osmosis device. The first drain port of the first reverse osmosis device and the second water inlet of the at least one second reverse osmosis device are connected through a first pipeline. The second drain port of at least one second reverse osmosis device and the third water inlet of at least one third reverse osmosis device are connected through a second pipeline.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述第一逆滲透裝置、至少一個第二逆滲透裝置及至少一個第三逆滲透裝置分別包含1至7個逆滲透膜元件。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned first reverse osmosis device, at least one second reverse osmosis device and at least one third reverse osmosis device respectively include 1 to 7 reverse osmosis membrane elements.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述逆滲透膜元件的直徑為4英吋或8英吋。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the reverse osmosis membrane element is 4 inches or 8 inches.
根據本發明之另一態樣，提供一種上述態樣之逆滲透系統的清洗方法。方法包含每經過一個間隔時間，對第一逆滲透裝置進行反向氣水洗操作。反向氣水洗操作包含水洗步驟、氣水洗步驟及排氣步驟。水洗步驟包含自第一逆滲透裝置之第一排水口注入沖洗水。氣水洗步驟包含自第一逆滲透裝置之第一排水口注入空氣及沖洗水。According to another aspect of the present invention, a cleaning method of the reverse osmosis system of the above aspect is provided. The method includes performing a reverse air-water washing operation on the first reverse osmosis device every time an interval passes. The reverse air-water washing operation includes a water washing step, an air-water washing step and an exhaust step. The water washing step includes injecting flushing water from the first drain port of the first reverse osmosis device. The air-water washing step includes injecting air and flushing water from the first drain port of the first reverse osmosis device.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述間隔時間為12小時至48小時。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above interval is 12 hours to 48 hours.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述沖洗水的流量為1.5 m 3/hr至4.5 m 3/hr。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the above-mentioned flushing water is 1.5 m 3 /hr to 4.5 m 3 /hr.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述空氣的流量為1 m 3/hr至3 m 3/hr。 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the flow rate of the air is 1 m 3 /hr to 3 m 3 /hr.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述水洗步驟進行1分鐘至10分鐘。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above water washing step is carried out for 1 minute to 10 minutes.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述氣水洗步驟進行1分鐘至10分鐘。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above air and water washing step is carried out for 1 minute to 10 minutes.
根據本發明之一實施例，上述排氣步驟進行3分鐘至5分鐘。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above exhausting step is performed for 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
應用本發明之逆滲透系統及其清洗方法，其係藉由垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置，以減少逆滲透膜的阻塞，並藉由反向氣水洗操作，以降低壓差上升及延長逆滲透膜的使用壽命。The reverse osmosis system and its cleaning method of the present invention are used to reduce the blockage of the reverse osmosis membrane through the vertically arranged first reverse osmosis device, and to reduce the pressure difference rise and prolong the reverse osmosis membrane through the reverse air and water washing operation. membrane service life.
如本發明所使用的「大約(around)」、「約(about)」、「近乎 (approximately)」或「實質上(substantially)」一般係代表在所述之數值或範圍的百分之20以內、或百分之10以內、或百分之5以內。本文所述之數量值係近似值，表示即使未明確指出，仍可推斷用語「大約(around)」、「約(about)」、「近乎 (approximately)」或「實質上(substantially)」。As used in the present invention, "around", "about", "approximately" or "substantially" generally means within 20% of the stated value or range. , or within 10%, or within 5%. Quantitative values stated herein are approximations, meaning that the terms "around", "about", "approximately" or "substantially" can be inferred even if not explicitly stated.
廢水源中可能含有細菌、膠體及懸浮固體的汙染物，故一般而言，須先進行預處理，再通入逆滲透(reverse osmosis，RO)系統。反之，若未進行預處理，而使廢水直接進入逆滲透系統，則水中的細菌會繁殖並分泌帶負電的細胞外聚合物，形成具黏性的水合凝膠，而在RO膜上累積為生物性積垢層。另外，膠體及懸浮固體則會附著堆積在RO膜上，而形成無機性積垢層。前述的生物性積垢層及無機性積垢層會導致RO膜的壓降增加、通量減少及增加離子通道(使產出的水之導電度上升)。因此，本發明提供一種逆滲透系統及其清洗方法，其係藉由在前端垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置，以減少廢水的預處理步驟及後端逆滲透膜的阻塞，並藉由反向氣水洗操作，以降低壓差上升及延長使用逆滲透膜的使用壽命。Wastewater sources may contain bacteria, colloids and suspended solids pollutants, so generally speaking, they must be pretreated before being passed into a reverse osmosis (RO) system. On the contrary, if the wastewater directly enters the reverse osmosis system without pretreatment, the bacteria in the water will multiply and secrete negatively charged extracellular polymers to form a sticky hydration gel, which will accumulate on the RO membrane as biological Sexual scale layer. In addition, colloids and suspended solids will adhere and accumulate on the RO membrane, forming an inorganic fouling layer. The aforementioned biological fouling layer and inorganic fouling layer will cause an increase in the pressure drop of the RO membrane, a decrease in flux, and an increase in ion channels (increasing the conductivity of the produced water). Therefore, the present invention provides a reverse osmosis system and its cleaning method, which uses a first reverse osmosis device vertically installed at the front end to reduce the pretreatment steps of waste water and the blocking of the reverse osmosis membrane at the back end, and through the reverse osmosis device Air and water washing operation to reduce the pressure difference rise and extend the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane.
本發明所稱之「垂直設置」係指裝置之進水口與排水口分別位在裝置之上端與下端，而「水平設置」係指裝置之進水口與排水口分別位在裝置之左端與右端。The "vertical arrangement" referred to in the present invention means that the water inlet and drain outlet of the device are located at the upper and lower ends of the device respectively, while the "horizontal arrangement" means that the water inlet and drain outlet of the device are located at the left and right ends of the device respectively.
本發明之一些實施例的逆滲透系統係以垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置結合習知的逆滲透裝置，其中習知的逆滲透裝置可例如為二段式(two-stages)水平設置的逆滲透裝置。請參閱圖1，其係繪示根據本發明一些實施例之逆滲透系統100的配置示意圖。應理解的是，圖1所示之逆滲透系統100的逆滲透裝置之數量及配置僅是做為例示，本發明不限於此。逆滲透系統100包含第一逆滲透裝置110、二個並聯設置的第二逆滲透裝置130及第三逆滲透裝置150。The reverse osmosis system in some embodiments of the present invention combines a vertically arranged first reverse osmosis device with a conventional reverse osmosis device, where the conventional reverse osmosis device can be, for example, a two-stage horizontally arranged reverse osmosis device. Infiltration device. Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic configuration diagram of a reverse osmosis system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the number and configuration of the reverse osmosis devices of the reverse osmosis system 100 shown in FIG. 1 are only for illustration, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The reverse osmosis system 100 includes a first reverse osmosis device 110, two second reverse osmosis devices 130 and a third reverse osmosis device 150 arranged in parallel.
第一逆滲透裝置110為垂直設置，且第一逆滲透裝置110包含在上方的第一進水口112及下方的第一排水口114。相較於水平設置，使用垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置較易截流阻塞物質。在一些實施例中，第一逆滲透裝置110包含1至7個逆滲透膜元件，較佳為1個。即使第一逆滲透裝置110的逆滲透膜元件個數不多，仍可達到所需的功效，故可根據支出成本來選擇。在一些實施例中，逆滲透膜元件的直徑為4英吋或8英吋。在一些實施例中，第一逆滲透裝置110的逆滲透膜元件為低滲透性RO膜(高脫鹽率膜)或高滲透性RO膜(低脫鹽率膜)，較佳為高滲透性RO膜，以具有較高的產水量。The first reverse osmosis device 110 is installed vertically, and the first reverse osmosis device 110 includes a first water inlet 112 above and a first drainage port 114 below. Compared with horizontal installation, it is easier to intercept blocking substances using a vertically installed first reverse osmosis device. In some embodiments, the first reverse osmosis device 110 includes 1 to 7 reverse osmosis membrane elements, preferably 1. Even if the number of reverse osmosis membrane elements of the first reverse osmosis device 110 is not large, the required effect can still be achieved, so the selection can be based on the cost. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element is 4 inches or 8 inches in diameter. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element of the first reverse osmosis device 110 is a low permeability RO membrane (high salt rejection rate membrane) or a high permeability RO membrane (low salt rejection rate membrane), preferably a high permeability RO membrane. , to have higher water production.
第二逆滲透裝置130為水平設置，其中第二逆滲透裝置130包含二個並聯排列的第二逆滲透裝置130A及第二逆滲透裝置130B。第二逆滲透裝置130包含靠近第一逆滲透裝置110的第二進水口132及與第二進水口132在相對端的第二排水口134。第一逆滲透裝置110的第一排水口114係以第一管線120連接第二逆滲透裝置130的第二進水口132。在一些實施例中，第二逆滲透裝置130包含1至7個逆滲透膜元件，較佳為6至7個。在一些實施例中，逆滲透膜元件的直徑為4英吋或8英吋。在一些實施例中，第二逆滲透裝置130的逆滲透膜元件為低滲透性RO膜(高脫鹽率膜)或高滲透性RO膜(低脫鹽率膜)。The second reverse osmosis device 130 is arranged horizontally, and the second reverse osmosis device 130 includes two second reverse osmosis devices 130A and 130B arranged in parallel. The second reverse osmosis device 130 includes a second water inlet 132 close to the first reverse osmosis device 110 and a second drainage port 134 at an opposite end to the second water inlet 132 . The first drainage port 114 of the first reverse osmosis device 110 is connected to the second water inlet 132 of the second reverse osmosis device 130 through the first pipeline 120 . In some embodiments, the second reverse osmosis device 130 includes 1 to 7 reverse osmosis membrane elements, preferably 6 to 7. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element is 4 inches or 8 inches in diameter. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element of the second reverse osmosis device 130 is a low permeability RO membrane (high salt rejection rate membrane) or a high permeability RO membrane (low salt rejection rate membrane).
第三逆滲透裝置150為水平設置。第三逆滲透裝置150包含靠近第二逆滲透裝置130的第三進水口152及與第三進水口152在相對端的第三排水口154。第二逆滲透裝置130的第二排水口134係以第二管線140連接第三逆滲透裝置150的第三進水口152。在一些實施例中，第三逆滲透裝置150包含1至7個逆滲透膜元件，較佳為6至7個。在一些實施例中，逆滲透膜元件的直徑為4英吋或8英吋。在一些實施例中，第三逆滲透裝置150的逆滲透膜元件為低滲透性RO膜(高脫鹽率膜)或高滲透性RO膜(低脫鹽率膜)。圖1所示之第二逆滲透裝置130與第三逆滲透裝置150的個數僅為例示，一般而言，第二逆滲透裝置130與第三逆滲透裝置150的個數比可例如為2：1，以使整體逆滲透系統具有較高的回收率。The third reverse osmosis device 150 is installed horizontally. The third reverse osmosis device 150 includes a third water inlet 152 close to the second reverse osmosis device 130 and a third drainage port 154 at an opposite end to the third water inlet 152 . The second drainage port 134 of the second reverse osmosis device 130 is connected to the third water inlet 152 of the third reverse osmosis device 150 through the second pipeline 140 . In some embodiments, the third reverse osmosis device 150 includes 1 to 7 reverse osmosis membrane elements, preferably 6 to 7. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element is 4 inches or 8 inches in diameter. In some embodiments, the reverse osmosis membrane element of the third reverse osmosis device 150 is a low permeability RO membrane (high salt rejection rate membrane) or a high permeability RO membrane (low salt rejection rate membrane). The number of the second reverse osmosis device 130 and the third reverse osmosis device 150 shown in FIG. 1 is only an example. Generally speaking, the number ratio of the second reverse osmosis device 130 to the third reverse osmosis device 150 can be, for example, 2. : 1, so that the overall reverse osmosis system has a higher recovery rate.
逆滲透系統100的進流水係由管路A自第一進水口112進入第一逆滲透裝置110，並由第一排水口114排出濃水。接著，濃水經第一管線120自第二進水口132進入第二逆滲透裝置130，再由第二排水口134排出濃水。然後，濃水再經第二管線140自第三進水口152進入第三逆滲透裝置150，再由第三排水口154排出濃水。The inflow water of the reverse osmosis system 100 enters the first reverse osmosis device 110 from the first water inlet 112 through pipeline A, and the concentrated water is discharged through the first drain port 114. Then, the concentrated water enters the second reverse osmosis device 130 from the second water inlet 132 through the first pipeline 120, and then is discharged from the second drainage port 134. Then, the concentrated water enters the third reverse osmosis device 150 from the third water inlet 152 through the second pipeline 140, and then is discharged from the third drain port 154.
逆滲透系統100的第一逆滲透裝置110主要是用來處理生物性與無機性污染，其係定期用下進上出的氣水洗操作來去除累積在RO膜表面上的生物性積垢層及無機性積垢層。藉此，可減少廢水的預處理需求，並減少清潔化學品的使用及能量的消耗。補充說明的是，在使用本發明的逆滲透系統100處理廢水時，須根據廢水的水質狀況決定是否進行預處理，但相對於習知的逆滲透系統，對預處理的要求可降低。The first reverse osmosis device 110 of the reverse osmosis system 100 is mainly used to treat biological and inorganic pollution. It regularly uses bottom-in and top-out air and water washing operations to remove the biological fouling layer accumulated on the surface of the RO membrane. Inorganic scale layer. This reduces the need for wastewater pre-treatment and reduces the use of cleaning chemicals and energy consumption. It should be added that when using the reverse osmosis system 100 of the present invention to treat wastewater, it is necessary to decide whether to perform pretreatment according to the quality of the wastewater. However, compared with the conventional reverse osmosis system, the requirements for pretreatment can be reduced.
逆滲透系統100的清洗方法包含定期對第一逆滲透裝置110進行反向氣水洗操作。反向氣水洗操作包含水洗步驟、氣水洗步驟及排氣步驟。水洗步驟係自第一逆滲透裝置110之第一排水口114注入沖洗水，即沖洗水係下進上出的清洗第一逆滲透裝置110。在一些實施例中，水洗步驟係進行約1分鐘至約10分鐘，此持續時間係取決於進流水的水質。在一些實施例中，沖洗水的流量為1.5 m 3/hr至4.5 m 3/hr。在一些實施例中，沖洗水為自來水或純水等。 The cleaning method of the reverse osmosis system 100 includes periodically performing a reverse air-water cleaning operation on the first reverse osmosis device 110 . The reverse air-water washing operation includes a water washing step, an air-water washing step and an exhaust step. In the water washing step, flushing water is injected from the first drain port 114 of the first reverse osmosis device 110, that is, the flushing water flows in from bottom to top to clean the first reverse osmosis device 110. In some embodiments, the water washing step is performed for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes, and this duration depends on the quality of the incoming water. In some embodiments, the flush water flow rate is 1.5 m 3 /hr to 4.5 m 3 /hr. In some embodiments, the flushing water is tap water or pure water.
在水洗步驟後，可進行氣水洗步驟，其係自第一逆滲透裝置110之第一排水口114注入沖洗水及空氣，即沖洗水及空氣係下進上出的清洗第一逆滲透裝置110。在一些實施例中，沖洗水的流量為1.5 m 3/hr至4.5 m 3/hr。在一些實施例中，空氣的流量為1 m 3/hr至3 m 3/hr。在另一些實施例中，沖洗水與空氣的流量比例可為約1：1.5。在一些實施例中，氣水洗步驟係進行約1分鐘至約10分鐘，此持續時間係取決於進流水的水質。 After the water washing step, an air-water washing step can be performed, which is to inject flushing water and air from the first drain port 114 of the first reverse osmosis device 110, that is, the flushing water and air are cleaned from the bottom up and in out. . In some embodiments, the flush water flow rate is 1.5 m 3 /hr to 4.5 m 3 /hr. In some embodiments, the flow rate of air is 1 m 3 /hr to 3 m 3 /hr. In other embodiments, the flow ratio of flushing water to air may be about 1:1.5. In some embodiments, the air-water washing step is performed for about 1 minute to about 10 minutes, and this duration depends on the quality of the incoming water.
在氣水洗步驟之後，進行排氣步驟，以將第一逆滲透裝置110中的空氣排出。在一些實施例中，排氣步驟係進行3分鐘至5分鐘。After the air-water washing step, an exhaust step is performed to exhaust the air in the first reverse osmosis device 110 . In some embodiments, the venting step is performed for 3 minutes to 5 minutes.
每經過一段間隔時間，即須進行上述第一逆滲透裝置110的反向氣水洗操作，以避免第一逆滲透裝置110的生物性及/或無機性污堵問題。在一些實施例中，此間隔時間為12小時至48小時，此間隔時間可根據進流水的水質來調整。Every time an interval passes, the reverse air-water washing operation of the first reverse osmosis device 110 must be performed to avoid biological and/or inorganic fouling problems of the first reverse osmosis device 110 . In some embodiments, this interval is 12 hours to 48 hours, and this interval can be adjusted according to the quality of the incoming water.
由於第一逆滲透裝置110的設置，後端的第二逆滲透裝置130及第三逆滲透裝置150的阻塞負荷會大幅降低，故清洗頻率亦大幅下降，可達到長期穩定的操作。第二逆滲透裝置130及第三逆滲透裝置150可根據壓差上升程度來進行清洗，在一些實施例中，當壓差上升達到0.5 kg/cm 2以上時便須進行清洗。在一些實施例中，相較於習知的二段式逆滲透系統，本發明藉由垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置，而使後端的第二逆滲透裝置及第三逆滲透裝置的壓差上升速率降低70%以上，較佳為78%以上，且清洗頻率減少約40%以上，較佳為45%以上。逆滲透系統的回收率係定義為產水與進流水的比值，在一些實施例中，本發明之逆滲透系統的回收率為約40%以下，較佳為約30%以下。 Due to the installation of the first reverse osmosis device 110, the blocking load of the second reverse osmosis device 130 and the third reverse osmosis device 150 at the rear end will be greatly reduced, so the cleaning frequency will also be greatly reduced, achieving long-term stable operation. The second reverse osmosis device 130 and the third reverse osmosis device 150 can be cleaned according to the degree of pressure difference rise. In some embodiments, cleaning is required when the pressure difference rises to more than 0.5 kg/cm 2 . In some embodiments, compared with the conventional two-stage reverse osmosis system, the present invention uses a vertically arranged first reverse osmosis device to reduce the pressure difference between the second reverse osmosis device and the third reverse osmosis device at the rear end. The rising rate is reduced by more than 70%, preferably by more than 78%, and the cleaning frequency is reduced by about 40% or more, preferably by more than 45%. The recovery rate of the reverse osmosis system is defined as the ratio of the produced water to the incoming water. In some embodiments, the recovery rate of the reverse osmosis system of the present invention is about 40% or less, preferably about 30% or less.
以下利用數個實施例以說明本發明之應用，然其並非用以限定本發明，本發明技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾。 實施例及比較例 Several examples are used below to illustrate the application of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. polish. Examples and Comparative Examples
實施例係利用上述逆滲透系統100進行水處理，而比較例係利用習知逆滲透系統，即逆滲透系統100中不包含第一逆滲透裝置110。使用之進流水係由工業廢水純化場之超過濾(ultrafiltration，UF)系統的產水及逆滲透系統濃水以1：1的比例混合。此進流水的氧化還原電位(oxidation reduction potential，ORP)之平均值為-95±131mV，符合＜500 mV的進水規範。 導電度及脫鹽率 The embodiment uses the above-mentioned reverse osmosis system 100 for water treatment, while the comparative example uses a conventional reverse osmosis system, that is, the reverse osmosis system 100 does not include the first reverse osmosis device 110 . The influent water used is mixed at a ratio of 1:1 with the produced water from the ultrafiltration (UF) system of the industrial wastewater purification site and the concentrated water from the reverse osmosis system. The average oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of this incoming water is -95±131mV, which meets the incoming water specification of <500 mV. Conductivity and salt rejection rate
圖2A及圖2B係分別為逆滲透系統100在330小時的操作過程中之進流水及產水的導電度變化。根據圖2A及圖2B，進流水之導電度平均為4,905±816 μS/cm；而產水之導電度平均為6.09±2.69 μS/cm。產水的導電度較習知逆滲透系統的產水導電度(49±11 μS/cm)更低，其係由於逆滲透系統100較習知逆滲透系統在前端多設置一支垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置110，所以總共有四支逆滲透裝置在進行脫鹽，且大部分污染物質已被第一逆滲透裝置110攔截。再者，逆滲透系統100的整體脫鹽率平均值為99.88%，符合一般逆滲透系統的正常脫鹽率範圍。 流量變化 Figures 2A and 2B respectively show the conductivity changes of the incoming water and produced water of the reverse osmosis system 100 during 330 hours of operation. According to Figure 2A and Figure 2B, the average conductivity of the incoming water is 4,905±816 μS/cm; and the average conductivity of the produced water is 6.09±2.69 μS/cm. The conductivity of the produced water is lower than that of the conventional reverse osmosis system (49±11 μS/cm). This is because the reverse osmosis system 100 is equipped with an extra vertically arranged third pipe at the front end compared with the conventional reverse osmosis system. One reverse osmosis device 110, so a total of four reverse osmosis devices are performing desalination, and most of the pollutants have been intercepted by the first reverse osmosis device 110. Furthermore, the average overall desalination rate of the reverse osmosis system 100 is 99.88%, which is in line with the normal desalination rate range of general reverse osmosis systems. Traffic changes
圖3A及圖3B分別為逆滲透系統100在330小時的操作過程中之進流水及產水的流量變化。根據圖3A及圖3B，進流水的流量平均為1.88±0.12 m 3/hr，而產水的流量平均值為6.52±1.02 L/min(即0.39±0.06 m 3/hr)。習知逆滲透系統的進流水及產水流量係分別為約1.41±0.08 m 3/hr及0.25±0.02 m 3/hr，相較之下，進流水及產水流量的差異不大。再者，根據逆滲透系統100之進流水/產水的流量，可計算回收率約為20.8%。 壓力及壓差 Figures 3A and 3B respectively show the flow rate changes of the inflow water and produced water of the reverse osmosis system 100 during 330 hours of operation. According to Figure 3A and Figure 3B, the average flow rate of the incoming water is 1.88±0.12 m3 /hr, while the average flow rate of the produced water is 6.52±1.02 L/min (ie, 0.39±0.06 m3 /hr). It is known that the inflow water and produced water flow rates of a reverse osmosis system are approximately 1.41±0.08 m 3 /hr and 0.25±0.02 m 3 /hr respectively. In comparison, the difference between the inflow water and produced water flow rates is not significant. Furthermore, based on the flow rate of the incoming water/produced water of the reverse osmosis system 100, the recovery rate can be calculated to be approximately 20.8%. Pressure and pressure difference
圖4A至圖4C係分別為逆滲透系統100在330小時的操作過程中之第二逆滲透裝置130之進流水壓力、第三逆滲透裝置150之進流水壓力及第三逆滲透裝置150之濃排水壓力的變化。根據圖4A，第二逆滲透裝置130之進流水壓力的平均值為約6.56±0.69 kg/cm 2；根據圖4B，第三逆滲透裝置150之進流水壓力的平均值為約5.17±0.63 kg/cm 2；根據圖4C，第三逆滲透裝置150之濃排水壓力的平均值為約4.19±0.60 kg/cm 2。 4A to 4C respectively show the inlet water pressure of the second reverse osmosis device 130, the inlet water pressure of the third reverse osmosis device 150, and the concentration of the third reverse osmosis device 150 during the operation of the reverse osmosis system 100 for 330 hours. Changes in drainage pressure. According to Figure 4A, the average value of the inflow water pressure of the second reverse osmosis device 130 is approximately 6.56±0.69 kg/cm 2 ; according to Figure 4B, the average value of the inflow water pressure of the third reverse osmosis device 150 is approximately 5.17±0.63 kg. /cm 2 ; according to Figure 4C, the average value of the concentrated drainage pressure of the third reverse osmosis device 150 is approximately 4.19±0.60 kg/cm 2 .
圖5A及圖5B係分別為第二逆滲透裝置130及第三逆滲透裝置150的壓差變化。根據圖5A及圖5B，第二逆滲透裝置130的壓差為約1.38±0.12 kg/cm 2，而第三逆滲透裝置150的壓差為約0.99±0.12 kg/cm 2。此壓差變化幅度介於約8.7%至約12.1%。 FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B show the pressure difference changes of the second reverse osmosis device 130 and the third reverse osmosis device 150 respectively. According to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , the pressure difference of the second reverse osmosis device 130 is about 1.38±0.12 kg/cm 2 , and the pressure difference of the third reverse osmosis device 150 is about 0.99±0.12 kg/cm 2 . The pressure difference ranges from approximately 8.7% to approximately 12.1%.
習知逆滲透系統中，第一段逆滲透裝置之進流壓力為約5.61±0.42 kg/cm 2；第二段逆滲透裝置之進流壓力為約4.35±0.26 kg/cm 2；而第一段逆滲透裝置之的壓差為約1.26±0.26 kg/cm 2；第二段逆滲透裝置之的壓差為約0.88±0.14 kg/cm 2，其壓差變化幅度介於約15.9%至約20.6%。相較於習知逆滲透系統，實施例的壓差變化幅度較不明顯。 In a conventional reverse osmosis system, the inflow pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis device is about 5.61±0.42 kg/cm 2 ; the inflow pressure of the second-stage reverse osmosis device is about 4.35±0.26 kg/cm 2 ; and the inflow pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis device is about 4.35±0.26 kg/cm 2 The pressure difference of the reverse osmosis device in the first stage is about 1.26±0.26 kg/cm 2 ; the pressure difference of the reverse osmosis device in the second stage is about 0.88±0.14 kg/cm 2 , and the pressure difference range ranges from about 15.9% to about 20.6%. Compared with the conventional reverse osmosis system, the pressure difference change range of the embodiment is less obvious.
一般而言，須進行清洗的壓差上升為0.5 kg/cm 2，而此實施例亦未達到此規範值。然而，逆滲透系統100在操作330小時後僅上升約0.2 kg/cm 2，尚不須進行清洗。然而，相較於習知逆滲透系統，在操作180小時後，其前後壓差已上升超過0.5 kg/cm 2。逆滲透系統100的壓差上升速率為習知逆滲透系統的22%以下，即壓差上升速率降低78%以上；且清洗頻率亦減少45.5%以上。因此，藉由前端垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置110，可有效減少逆滲透系統的清洗頻率。 Generally speaking, the pressure difference required for cleaning is 0.5 kg/cm 2 , and this embodiment does not reach this standard value. However, the reverse osmosis system 100 only increased about 0.2 kg/cm 2 after 330 hours of operation, and no cleaning was required. However, compared with the conventional reverse osmosis system, after 180 hours of operation, the pressure difference between its front and rear has increased by more than 0.5 kg/cm 2 . The pressure difference rise rate of the reverse osmosis system 100 is less than 22% of that of the conventional reverse osmosis system, that is, the pressure difference rise rate is reduced by more than 78%; and the cleaning frequency is also reduced by more than 45.5%. Therefore, the cleaning frequency of the reverse osmosis system can be effectively reduced by having the first reverse osmosis device 110 installed vertically at the front end.
圖6係逆滲透系統100的耗電量對運轉時間的關係圖，其電耗斜率為0.0764。相較於比較例為0.0793的電耗斜率，實施例在加裝了第一逆滲透裝置110的情況下，耗電量的差異並不大。換言之，逆滲透系統100在不需增加耗電量的情況下，即可達到減少廢水預處理及清洗頻率的功效。Figure 6 is a graph showing the relationship between power consumption and operating time of the reverse osmosis system 100. The power consumption slope is 0.0764. Compared with the power consumption slope of 0.0793 in the comparative example, when the first reverse osmosis device 110 is installed in the embodiment, the difference in power consumption is not significant. In other words, the reverse osmosis system 100 can achieve the effect of reducing wastewater pretreatment and cleaning frequency without increasing power consumption.
根據上述實施例，本發明提供之逆滲透系統及其清洗方法，藉由在前端垂直設置的第一逆滲透裝置，以在不增加耗電量的情況下，減少廢水的預處理需求，並減少逆滲透膜的阻塞。再者，藉由對第一逆滲透裝置的反向氣水洗操作，以降低壓差上升、減少逆滲透系統的清洗頻率，並延長逆滲透膜的使用壽命。According to the above embodiments, the reverse osmosis system and its cleaning method provided by the present invention use the first reverse osmosis device vertically installed at the front end to reduce the need for pretreatment of wastewater without increasing power consumption, and reduce Blockage of reverse osmosis membrane. Furthermore, through the reverse air-water washing operation of the first reverse osmosis device, the pressure difference rise is reduced, the cleaning frequency of the reverse osmosis system is reduced, and the service life of the reverse osmosis membrane is extended.
雖然本發明已以數個實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，在本發明所屬技術領域中任何具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed in several embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended patent application scope.
100:逆滲透系統 110:第一逆滲透裝置 112:第一進水口 114:第一排水口 120:第一管線 130,130A,130B:第二逆滲透裝置 132:第二進水口 134:第二排水口 140:第二管線 150:第三逆滲透裝置 152:第三進水口 154:第三排水口 A:管路 100:Reverse osmosis system 110: The first reverse osmosis device 112:First water inlet 114:First drain outlet 120:First pipeline 130,130A,130B: Second reverse osmosis device 132:Second water inlet 134:Second drain outlet 140:Second pipeline 150: The third reverse osmosis device 152:Third water inlet 154:Third drain outlet A:Pipeline
根據以下詳細說明並配合附圖閱讀，使本揭露的態樣獲致較佳的理解。需注意的是，如同業界的標準作法，許多特徵並不是按照比例繪示的。事實上，為了進行清楚討論，許多特徵的尺寸可以經過任意縮放。 [圖1]係繪示根據本發明一些實施例之逆滲透系統的配置示意圖。 [圖2A]及[圖2B] 係分別為逆滲透系統操作過程中之進流水及產水的導電度變化。 [圖3A]及[圖3B] 係分別為逆滲透系統操作過程中之進流水及產水的流量變化。 [圖4A]至[圖4C] 係分別為逆滲透系統操作過程中之逆滲透裝置的進流水壓力及濃排水壓力的變化。 [圖5A]及[圖5B]係分別為逆滲透裝置的壓差變化。 [圖6]係逆滲透系統的耗電量對運轉時間的關係圖。 The aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood by reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, as is standard practice in the industry, many features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of many features can be arbitrarily scaled for clarity of discussion. [Fig. 1] is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a reverse osmosis system according to some embodiments of the present invention. [Figure 2A] and [Figure 2B] are respectively the conductivity changes of the incoming water and produced water during the operation of the reverse osmosis system. [Figure 3A] and [Figure 3B] are respectively the flow changes of the inflow water and produced water during the operation of the reverse osmosis system. [Figure 4A] to [Figure 4C] are respectively the changes in the inflow water pressure and concentrated drainage pressure of the reverse osmosis device during the operation of the reverse osmosis system. [Figure 5A] and [Figure 5B] are respectively the pressure difference changes of the reverse osmosis device. [Figure 6] is a graph showing the relationship between the power consumption of the reverse osmosis system and the operating time.
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100:逆滲透系統 110:第一逆滲透裝置 112:第一進水口 114:第一排水口 120:第一管線 130,130A,130B:第二逆滲透裝置 132:第二進水口 134:第二排水口 140:第二管線 150:第三逆滲透裝置 152:第三進水口 154:第三排水口 A:管路 100:Reverse osmosis system 110: The first reverse osmosis device 112:First water inlet 114:First drain outlet 120:First pipeline 130,130A,130B: Second reverse osmosis device 132:Second water inlet 134:Second drain outlet 140:Second pipeline 150: The third reverse osmosis device 152:Third water inlet 154:Third drain outlet A:Pipeline
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW111127201A TWI831302B (en) | 2022-07-20 | 2022-07-20 | Reverse osmosis system and method of cleaning the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TW (1) | TWI831302B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW324974U (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 1998-01-11 | Pu Te Electronics Co Ltd | Structure of reverse osmosis drinking fountain arrangement system |
| TW336505U (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-07-11 | ming-qing Wei | Detective RO counter-seeping pure water system |
| CN100522324C (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2009-08-05 | 新世膜科技股份有限公司 | Water purifying apparatus |
| TW201311341A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-03-16 | Toray Industries | Washing procedure of separation membrane module |
| CN111194235A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-05-22 | 弗路伊德设备开发有限公司 | Method and system for operating a high recovery separation process |
| CN111298516A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-06-19 | 北京芯之路企业管理中心(有限合伙) | Device and method for recovering grinding wastewater in semiconductor manufacturing |
-
2022
- 2022-07-20 TW TW111127201A patent/TWI831302B/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW324974U (en) * | 1997-05-05 | 1998-01-11 | Pu Te Electronics Co Ltd | Structure of reverse osmosis drinking fountain arrangement system |
| TW336505U (en) * | 1997-06-24 | 1998-07-11 | ming-qing Wei | Detective RO counter-seeping pure water system |
| CN100522324C (en) * | 2006-07-03 | 2009-08-05 | 新世膜科技股份有限公司 | Water purifying apparatus |
| TW201311341A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-03-16 | Toray Industries | Washing procedure of separation membrane module |
| CN111194235A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-05-22 | 弗路伊德设备开发有限公司 | Method and system for operating a high recovery separation process |
| CN111298516A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-06-19 | 北京芯之路企业管理中心(有限合伙) | Device and method for recovering grinding wastewater in semiconductor manufacturing |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202404691A (en) | 2024-02-01 |
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