TWI819051B - Solar cell module electrical component recycling device and recycling system - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to easily recycle electrical components mechanically. The glass substrate (1) is almost completely removed from the solar cell module (M) in advance, and the electrical component (5) is removed from the sheet-like member (8) where the electrical component (5) is adhered to the back plate (2). Recycling as much as possible, it is equipped with a supply part (20) that receives the plate-like member (8) and supplies the plate-like member (8) with its electrical component (5) facing downward; 5) The brush roller (40) that is supported downward and conveyed downstream by rotation to scrape off the electrical component (5) from the back plate (2) of the plate-like member (8), and the brush roller (40) relative to the brush roller (40) 40) Pressing means (50) for pressing the plate-like member (8). The pressing means (50) is provided with: a pressing plate (51) that faces the brush roller (40) and allows the plate member (8) to slide in contact with it; and an adjustable pressing plate (51) and the brush roller (40) are supported at intervals. The support part (52) of the pressure plate (51).

Description

Solar cell module electrical component recycling device and recycling system

The present invention relates to an electrical component recovery device for a solar cell module that recovers electrical components containing valuable metals such as silver, etc. of the solar cell module. The present invention relates to an electrical component recovery device equipped with the electrical component recovery device for collecting glass and other components from a solar cell module. Solar cell module recycling system for sorting valuable metals and other materials.

Generally speaking, as shown in FIG. 11 , the solar cell module M uses electrical components 5 including solar cell units 3 and wiring materials 4 between the glass substrate 1 and the back sheet 2 . The sealing material 6 such as EVA is inserted and formed into a rectangular plate shape. The solar panel product S using the same is composed of, for example, the solar cell module M surrounded by a frame 7 made of aluminum or the like. Furthermore, solar panel products S that become unusable due to the end of life of the solar cell module M are discarded, and in recent years, they are recycled.

Conventionally, such a recycling system is known, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-203128 (Patent Document 1) proposed by the applicant of this case. In this system, the junction box and cable for wiring are removed from the solar panel product S in advance, and the frame 7 is removed to obtain the solar cell module M. Next, the solar cell module M is sent between a pair of crushing rollers with the glass substrate 1 facing downward, and the solar cell module M is held by the pair of crushing rollers and the glass is crushed. The crushed processed material is sent between a scraping roller and a pressing roller provided on the downstream side for scraping off glass pieces, and the crushed glass pieces are scraped off by the scraping roller. Thereby, the glass is recovered, and the sheet-like member to which the sealing material 6 including the electrical component 5 is adhered is obtained. The plate-like member is subjected to post-processing such as crushing.

However, the electrical component 5 adhered to the plate-like member contains valuable metal, and in particular, the solar cell unit contains silver. Therefore, in order to recycle the valuable metal, it is also desirable to recycle the electrical component 5 adhered to the back sheet. Recycle. In this case, it is conceivable to immerse the back plate to which the electrical components 5 are adhered in a chemical agent such as an alkaline stripper solution and recover the electrical components 5 through specific gravity separation (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-104406 (Patent Document) 2) etc.). [Prior technical literature] [Patent Document]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2016-203128 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2014-104406

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in order to extract the metal elements, chemical treatment and melting treatment using chemicals are ultimately necessary. However, if chemicals are used in the recovery of electrical components 5 containing metals, there is a problem that the treatment is complicated and the recovery cost becomes high. . The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide an electrical component recovery device and a recovery system for a solar cell module that can mechanically easily recover electrical components. [Technical means to solve problems]

In order to achieve such a goal, the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module of the present invention is used to recover electrical components including solar cell units and wiring materials using sealing materials between the glass substrate and the back sheet. The electrical component of the assembled solar cell module, and the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module is to remove almost all the glass substrate from the above-mentioned solar cell module in advance, and remove the electrical component from the state where the electrical component is adhered to the back plate. The electrical components are recycled as much as possible into the plate-shaped components, and are characterized by: It is provided with a supply part, a brush roller and a pressing means; the supply part receives the plate-like member and supplies it with the electrical component facing downward; the brush roller is the plate-like member supplied from the supply part The electrical component is supported with the electrical component facing downward and transported downstream by rotation, and the electrical component is scraped off from the back plate of the plate-like member; the pressing means presses the plate-like member against the brush roller. . It does not matter if a small amount of glass pieces are adhered to the supplied plate-like member.

Accordingly, when the plate-like member is received at the supply unit and supplied with the electrical component facing downward, the plate-like member is conveyed by the brush roller while being supported by the brush roller and pressed against the brush roller by the pressing means. , during this transportation process, the electrical components adhered to the plate-like components are scraped off by the rotation of the brush roller. At this time, since the electrical component is adhered to the back plate through the sealing material, the electrical component is scraped off from the plate-like member in the form of fine powder pieces containing the sealing material. In this case, since the plate-shaped member is pressed against the brush roller by the pressing plate, scraping can be performed reliably. That is, the plate-shaped member is conveyed by the rotation of the brush roller. Because of the sliding resistance of the pressure plate, the plate-shaped member is slowly conveyed while being repeatedly rubbed by the brush roller, and is changed from the plate-shaped member to the plate-shaped member. The electrical components are scraped off in the form of fine powder flakes containing sealing material. Since the electrical components are scraped off, the electrical components can be easily mechanically separated from the plate-like members without using chemicals, thereby speeding up recycling and improving recycling efficiency. The scraped fine powder flakes are gathered together, and valuable valuable metals such as silver can be extracted from them. The back sheet with the electrical components scraped off is discharged and, for example, incinerated. In this case, among electrical components, solar cells are particularly easily crushed and can be scraped off as much as possible. Wiring materials such as copper wires are elongated and may get wrapped around the sealing material and remain on the back plate. . However, high-priced metals such as silver are mainly contained in solar cells, so the recovery rate is high.

Furthermore, if necessary, a plurality of brush rollers may be provided at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member. Electrical components are repeatedly scraped off using a plurality of brush rollers, thereby improving the recovery rate of electrical components.

In addition, if necessary, the brush roller may be provided on a base, and the pressing means may include: a pressing plate facing the brush roller and for the plate-like member to be in sliding contact; and an adjustable space between the pressing plate and the brush roller. The support portion of the pressure plate is supported relative to the above-mentioned base at a certain distance. Thereby, the distance between the pressure plate and the brush roller can be adjusted using the support portion. Therefore, the pressing force of the pressing plate can be adjusted to appropriately adjust the conveyance speed of the plate-shaped member and the friction frequency of the brush roller due to the rotation of the brush roller, so that the electrical components can be scraped off reliably.

Furthermore, if necessary, the support part may be configured to include a base member and a moving mechanism. The base member is disposed to move up and down relative to the base and holds the pressure plate on the lower side; and the moving mechanism is disposed on the above-mentioned base member. A base is used to move the above-mentioned base member up and down and position the base member at a required up-down movement position. Because of the moving mechanism, the distance between the pressure plate and the brush roller can be easily adjusted.

In this case, the above-mentioned moving mechanism uses a jack equipped with a male threaded rod and a gear box. A worm gear and a worm are housed in the gear box. The worm gear is formed with a female thread for moving the male threaded rod forward and backward. The worm is The worm gear is rotated to move the male thread rod forward and backward, a plurality of jacks are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the base member orthogonal to the conveyance direction, and the gear box of the jack is installed on the base. And one end of the male threaded rod of the jack is installed on the above-mentioned base member, and an electric motor and a gear transmission mechanism are provided on the above-mentioned base. The gear transmission mechanism allows the worm shafts of the pair of jack worms to rotate synchronously. It is effective that the rotation of the above-mentioned electric motor is transmitted to the above-mentioned worm shaft. As a result, a plurality of jacks are arranged at intervals along the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction, so that the pressing force of the jacks becomes stronger, and the platen is less likely to deflect during the scraping operation due to the rotation of the brush roller. Or shaking, the plate-shaped member can be firmly held by frictional resistance, so the scraping of electrical components by the brush roller can be performed reliably.

In addition, in this case, it is effective to provide a position adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the up and down position of the pressure plate with respect to the base member. The distance between the pressure plate and the brush roller can also be adjusted through this position adjustment mechanism. Therefore, the adjustment can be performed finely, so that the scraping off of the electrical components by the brush roller can be performed reliably. The distance between the pressure plate and the brush roller is mainly adjusted by using a moving mechanism.

Furthermore, if necessary, the structure may be such that a plurality of brush rollers are provided at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member, the pressing plate is provided on each of the plurality of brush rollers, and the plates of each pressing plate are arranged. The upstream side edge portion of the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the shaped member is formed to be inclined upward toward the upstream side in the conveyance direction. Since the pressure plates are provided independently for each brush roller, the pressing force on the plate-like member is once released between the pressure plates, preventing excessive force from acting on the plate-like member and causing it to twist. Smoothly transport while scraping with a brush roller. In addition, since the upstream side edge portion of each pressure plate is formed to be inclined upward, when the plate-shaped member is transported, its front end edge comes into contact with the inclined upstream side edge portion and is guided toward the brush roller. , can prevent the plate-like member from escaping upward and detaching from the device, and can reliably send the plate-like member between the general part of the pressure plate and the brush roller.

Furthermore, if necessary, the supply unit may be configured to include a support plate that supports the received plate-like member and a feed roller that is in contact with the support plate from above. The plate-like member is rotated and transported toward the brush roller side while sliding the plate-like member on the support plate. Since the sheet-like member is transported by the feed roller, the sheet-like member can be reliably fed between the general part of the platen and the brush roller.

Furthermore, if necessary, a conveyor for conveying the plate-like member with its electrical component facing downward may be provided on the upstream side of the support plate, and the placing surface of the plate-like member of the conveyor may be formed as It slopes downward from the upstream side toward the downstream side. Because the plate-like member is conveyed at an angle, it is easy to place it on the support plate and is easily bitten by the feed roller.

In this case, a guide plate for guiding the sheet-like member is provided on the upstream side of the feed roller and faces the support plate, and the upstream side edge of the guide plate is formed as, Sloping upward toward the upstream side is effective. When the plate-like member is sent from the conveyor, its front end edge comes into contact with the inclined upstream side edge of the guide plate and is guided by the guide plate. This prevents the plate-like member from escaping upward. When separation from the device occurs, the plate-like member can be reliably conveyed toward the feed roller.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the solar cell module recycling system of the present invention sorts glass and other materials containing valuable metals from the solar cell module between the glass substrate and the back sheet. The electrical components including solar cells and wiring materials are interposed using sealing materials, and are characterized in that: It is equipped with a solar cell module extraction device, a glass substrate crushing and separation device, a screening device, a wind sorting device, a color sorting device, a metal removal device, and an electrical component recovery device for the above solar cell modules. This solar cell module extraction device removes the frame from a solar panel product that is composed of a metal frame on a solar cell module, and takes out and sends out the solar cell module; The glass substrate crushing and separating device crushes and separates the glass substrate of the solar cell module sent out from the solar cell module taking-out device into crushed materials including glass pieces, and the glass substrate is almost completely removed and placed on the back. The plate-like component is in a state where electrical components are adhered to the board, and the plate-like component is sent out; The sieve device sieves the crushed material including glass flakes separated by the glass substrate crushing and separating device into: medium particles including glass particles in a predetermined particle size range, and particles having a size above the predetermined particle size range. Coarse particles and fine particles below the established particle size range; This wind power sorting device is used to recover light powder from medium particles separated by the above-mentioned glass sheet separation device through wind power sorting to sort glass particles; The color sorting device removes the colored glass particles as much as possible from the glass particles selected by the wind force sorting device and sorts and takes out the colorless glass particles; The metal removal device uses the colorless glass particles sorted by the color sorting device to remove metal; This solar cell module electrical component recovery device recovers electrical components from the sheet-like components sent out from the above-mentioned glass substrate crushing and separation device with electrical components adhered to the back plate.

In this way, the glass substrate crushing and separating device is used to separate crushed materials including glass pieces and plate-shaped members in a state in which the glass substrate is almost completely removed and the electrical components are adhered to the back plate. In this glass substrate crushing and separating apparatus, electrical components are also crushed to some extent, and the crushed objects may also contain fragments of electrical components. The crushed material is then separated by a sieve device into medium particles including glass particles in a predetermined particle size range, coarse particles having a size above the predetermined particle size range, and fine particles having a size below the predetermined particle size range. "Coarse particles" and "fine particles" are concentrated separately. The medium-sized particles containing glass particles within a predetermined particle size range are recycled using a wind separation device to recover lightweight powder and sort out the glass particles. "Light powder" is concentrated.

From the sorted glass particles, use a color sorting device to remove only colored glass particles and sort and take out colorless glass particles. "Colored glass particles" are concentrated. Colorless glass particles are refined by removing metal using a metal removal device. The "colorless glass particles" and the removed "metal" are concentrated separately.

On the other hand, in the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module, the electrical components adhered to the sheet-like member are scraped off by the rotation of the brush roller. At this time, since the electrical component is adhered to the back plate through the sealing material, the electrical component is scraped off from the plate-like member in the form of fine powder pieces containing the sealing material. Therefore, the electrical component can be easily mechanically separated from the plate-like member without using chemicals, thereby speeding up recycling and improving recycling efficiency. The back plate is discharged in a state where a large amount of sealing material and a trace amount of electrical components are attached and have not been scraped off. The scraped "fine powder pieces including electrical components" are concentrated.

The concentrated "fine powder flakes containing electrical components", "coarse particles", "fine particles", and "lightweight powder" contain valuable metals such as silver, so valuable metals can be extracted from them. In addition, the "metals" removed by the metal removal device are mostly relatively large copper, etc. used for wiring, etc., and metals can also be extracted from them. The back plate is subjected to an incineration process, such as a large amount of sealing material and trace amounts of electrical components that have not been scraped off. Furthermore, the "colorless glass particles" obtained by removing the metal can be used as raw materials for various glass products. "Colored glass particles" are more suitable for use as aggregate materials for civil engineering, etc. than as glass products. In this way, in this system, the solar cell modules can be effectively recycled and reused.

In addition, if necessary, the backsheet crushing device may be configured to include a backsheet crushing device that crushes the sheet-like components after the electrical components are recovered by the above-mentioned electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module. This makes subsequent processing, such as incineration, easier. [Effects of the invention]

According to the present invention, in the electrical component recovery device, if the supply unit receives the plate-like member and supplies it with the electrical component facing downward, the plate-like member is supported by the brush roller on one side and pressed against the brush roller by the pressing means. While being conveyed by the brush roller, during this conveyance process, due to the sliding resistance of the pressure plate, the plate-like member is slowly conveyed while being repeatedly rubbed by the brush roller, so the electrical components including the sealing material are removed from the plate-like member. Scrape it off in the form of fine powder flakes. Since the electrical components are scraped off, the electrical components can be easily mechanically separated from the plate-like members without using chemicals, thereby speeding up recycling and improving recycling efficiency. The scraped fine powder flakes are concentrated, and valuable valuable metals such as silver can be extracted from them.

Hereinafter, the electrical component recovery device and recovery system of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 illustrate a solar cell module recycling system R according to an embodiment of the present invention. The electrical component recycling device K of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention forms a part of the recycling system R. Generally speaking, as shown in FIG. 11 , the solar cell module M is made by sealing the electrical components 5 including the solar cell units 3 and wiring materials 4 with EVA or the like between the glass substrate 1 and the back sheet 2 The solar panel product S using the solar cell module M is formed into a rectangular plate shape by being mounted on the material 6. The solar cell module M is surrounded by a frame 7 such as aluminum. Furthermore, the solar cell module M recovery system R according to the embodiment of the present invention is used to process the solar panel product S.

First, the electrical component recovery device K of the solar cell module according to the embodiment will be described. The electrical component recovery device K is used to recover solar cell modules in which electrical components 5 including solar cell units 3 and wiring materials 4 are interposed between a glass substrate 1 and a back sheet 2 with a sealing material 6 The electrical component 5 of M is a plate piece in which the electrical component 5 is adhered to the back plate 2 after almost all the glass substrate 1 has been removed from the solar cell module M by a glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 to be described later. This electrical component 5 is recycled as much as possible. In particular, the solar cell unit 3 among the electrical components 5 is broken into pieces and recycled.

The basic structure of this electrical component recovery device K is shown in Figures 4 to 8, and includes a base 10, a supply part 20, a brush roller 40, and a pressing means 50. The supply part 20 receives a glass substrate press which will be described later. The plate-shaped member 8 sent out from the crushing separation device 110 is supplied with its electrical component 5 facing downward; the brush roller 40 is installed on the base 10, and the plate-shaped member 8 supplied from the supply part 20 is supplied with its electrical component 5 facing downward. The member 5 is supported downward and transported downstream by rotation, and the electrical component 5 is scraped off from the back plate 2 of the plate-like member 8; the pressing means 50 presses the plate-like member 8 against the brush roller 40 .

On the side of the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110, a support plate 21 to be described later is provided on the upstream side of the supply unit 20: the plate-shaped member 8 fed out from the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 is installed with the electrical component 5 facing downwards. Conveyor 11. The mounting surface 12 of the plate-like member 8 of the conveyor 11 is inclined downward from the upstream side toward the downstream side.

The supply unit 20 includes a support plate 21 and a feed roller 22. The support plate 21 is provided on the base 10 and receives and supports the plate-like member 8 sent from the conveyor 11. The feed roller 22 is provided on a support described below. The base member 53 of the portion 52 is in contact with the plate-like member 8 on the support plate 21 from above, and is conveyed toward the brush roller 40 side while rotating so that the plate-like member 8 slides on the support plate 21 .

The support plate 21 is provided such that the height of its upper surface can be adjusted and moved up and down relative to the base 10 . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8 , leg plates 23 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the back of the support plate 21 , and an erection plate corresponding to each leg plate 23 is erected from the base 10 for the leg plates 23 to slide in the up and down direction. 24. By sliding the foot plate 23 in the up and down direction along the erection plate 24, the support plate 21 can move up and down. In addition, the foot plate 23 is provided with an insertion hole (not shown) for the bolt 25 to be inserted, and the erection plate 24 is provided with a long hole 26 corresponding to the insertion hole and long in the up and down direction. The bolt 25 is inserted into the insertion hole and the long hole. The holes 26 are locked with nuts 27 at the required up-down position of the support plate 21, whereby the support plate 21 can be locked relative to the base 10. Furthermore, an up-and-down movement mechanism 30 is provided at the left and right ends of the support plate 21 for moving the support plate 21 up and down with the nut 27 loosened. The up and down movement mechanism 30 is provided with: a pillar bolt 31 erected on the base 10, an adjustment nut 32 of a predetermined length, and a locking nut 33 for locking the adjustment nut 32; the adjustment nut 32 is screwed to the pillar. The upper end of the bolt 31 is in contact with the back surface of the support plate 21 and rotates to move up and down, thereby moving the support plate 21 up and down. By adjusting the height of the upper surface of the support plate 21, the brush roller 40 can appropriately support the plate-like member 8.

The feed roller 22 has an axis in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the plate-like member 8 and is supported by a bearing portion 34 provided on a base member 53 to be described later. Equipped with an electric drive motor for 35 rotation drives. In addition, the feed roller 22 is composed of a support shaft 36 and a toothed roller 37. A plurality of the toothed rollers 37 are provided at predetermined intervals on the support shaft 36 and are formed as gears that mesh with the upper surface of the plate-shaped member 8. status.

A guide plate 38 for guiding the sheet-like member 8 is provided on the upstream side of the feed roller 22. The guide plate 38 is provided on a base member 53 to be described later and faces the support plate 21. The upstream edge portion 38 a of the guide plate 38 is formed to be inclined upward toward the upstream side.

The brush rollers 40 have an axis in a direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the plate-like member 8, and are provided in plural numbers (two in the embodiment) at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member 8, and are permeable. The bearing 41 is provided on the base 10 . The brush roller 40 is configured by installing elastically deformable metal bristles on the rotating shaft 42 . In the embodiment, the hair of the brush roller 40 is made of metal or resin, has a thickness of 0.5mm~1.5mm, and a length of 50mm~100mm. The material, thickness and length of the hair can be set appropriately. In addition, the brush roller 40 is set to have a diameter of 100 mm to 200 mm and a total length of 1,200 mm to 1,500 mm. The size is not limited to this.

The base 10 is provided with a brush roller drive unit 43 that drives the two brush rollers 40 synchronously. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the brush roller drive unit 43 includes an electric motor 44 provided on the upper part of the base 10 , a driving sprocket 45 provided on the rotation axis of the electric motor 44 , and a brush roller 40 The driven sprocket 46 of the rotating shaft, and the chain 47 hung between the driving sprocket 45 and the driven sprocket 46. In addition, the brush roller driving part 43 is equipped with two transmission sprockets 48 and a chain 49 hung between the transmission sprockets 48; the two transmission sprockets 48 are respectively provided on the opposite sides where the driven sprockets 46 are provided. The rotation shaft end and the rotation shaft end of the other brush roller 40 are used to transmit the rotation of one brush roller 40 .

The pressing means 50 includes a pressure plate 51 that faces the brush roller 40 and is in sliding contact with the sheet-like member 8 , and a support portion 52 that supports the pressure plate 51 relative to the base 10 so that the distance between the pressure plate 51 and the brush roller 40 can be adjusted. . Specifically, the pressing plate 51 has a substantially rectangular plate shape corresponding to the length and width of the brush roller 40 and is provided on each brush roller 40 respectively. The upstream edge portion 51 a of the plate-like member 8 on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of each pressing plate 51 is formed to be inclined upward toward the upstream side in the conveyance direction.

The support part 52 is provided with a base member 53 and a moving mechanism 54. The base member 53 is provided to move up and down relative to the base 10 and has a frame for holding the pressure plate 51 on the lower side; the moving mechanism 54 is provided on the base. The table 10 allows the base member 53 to move up and down and position the base member 53 at the required up and down movement position. The base member 53, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, is movable up and down through sliders 53a and rails 53b. The sliders 53a are provided at four corners of the base member 53, and the rails 53b are used to guide the sliding. 53a and installed on the base 10.

The moving mechanism 54 uses a jack 60 with a male threaded rod 55 and a gear box 58 as shown in Figures 4 to 6 and 9. The worm gear 56 and the worm 57 are accommodated in the gear box 58. The female thread 56a and the worm 57 rotate the worm gear 56 to move the male thread rod 55 forward and backward. The jacks 60 are arranged at intervals along the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the base member 53. A plurality of them (in the embodiment, two are arranged at mutually symmetrical positions). The gear box 58 of the jack 60 is installed on the erection plate 10a installed on the upper part of the base 10. One end of the male threaded rod 55 of the jack 60 is installed on the base member 53 through the mounting member 61. The base 10 is provided with an electric motor 62 and a gear transmission mechanism 64. The gear transmission mechanism 64 transmits the rotation of the electric motor 62 to the worm shaft 63 in a manner that causes the worm shafts 63 of the worms 57 of the pair of jacks 60 to rotate synchronously. By the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor 62, the male threaded rod 55 is moved forward and backward through the gear transmission mechanism 64. By stopping the electric motor 62, the base member 53 can be positioned at a desired position. Symbol 65 represents an upper cover covering the male threaded rod 55, and 66 represents a bellows-shaped lower cover.

Moreover, the pressure plate 51 is set so that the up and down position can be changed with respect to the base member 53. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8 , foot plates 70 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the pressure plate 51 and can be slidably connected to the side surfaces of the frame of the base member 53 . By moving the foot plates 70 along the base member The frame of 53 slides in the up and down direction, and the upper and lower positions of the pressure plate 51 can be changed. In addition, the frame 7 is provided with an insertion hole (not shown) for the bolt 71 to be inserted, and the foot plate 70 is provided with an elongated hole 72 corresponding to the insertion hole in the up and down direction. The bolt 71 is inserted into the insertion hole and the elongated hole. The hole 72 is tightened with a nut 73 at the desired up-down position of the pressure plate 51 , whereby the pressure plate 51 can be locked relative to the frame 7 of the base member 53 .

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6 , this device is provided with a position adjustment mechanism 80 that can adjust the up and down position of the pressure plate 51 relative to the base member 53 when the nut 73 is loosened. The position adjustment mechanism 80 is provided with a rod 82 and a pair of nuts 83, 84; the rod 82 is installed between the plate member 81 provided on the base member 53 and the pressure plate 51, with one end installed on the pressure plate 51 and the other end inserted into the pressure plate 51. A through hole (not shown) is formed in the plate member 81, and is formed with a female thread; a pair of nuts 83, 84 are screwed with the female thread of the rod 82, and the rod 82 is moved up and down by rotation. The rod 82 is fixed to the plate member 81 by locking with each other. The combination of the rod 81 and the pair of nuts 83 and 84 is a pair provided at a required interval along the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction.

Therefore, according to the electrical component recovery device K of the solar cell module, when the plate-like member 8 is sent out from the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 described below, the plate-like member 8 is transported by the conveyor 11 with the electrical component 5 facing downward. It is transported to the support plate 21 of the supply part 20, reaches the feed roller 22, and is transported downstream by the feed roller 22. In this case, since the conveyor 11 conveys the plate-like member 8 obliquely, it is easy to place it on the support plate 21 and to be easily bitten by the feed roller 22 . In addition, the supply part 20 is provided with a guide plate 38 that faces the support plate 21 and guides the plate sheet member 8. The upstream side edge portion 38a of the guide plate 38 is formed upward toward the upstream side. Therefore, when the plate-like member 8 is sent from the conveyor 11, its front end edge abuts the inclined upstream side edge portion 38a of the guide plate 38 and is guided by the guide plate 38, thereby preventing the plate member 8 from being When the sheet-like member 8 escapes upward and is separated from the device, the plate-like member 8 can be reliably conveyed toward the feed roller 22 . In addition, the feed roller 22 is in contact with the plate-like member 8 on the support plate 21 from above, and rotates to convey the plate-like member 8 downstream while sliding on the support plate 21. Therefore, the feed roller 22 can be conveyed downstream. The plate-shaped member 8 is reliably fed.

The plate-like member 8 conveyed by the feed roller 22 of the supply unit 20 is supported by the brush roller 40 as shown in FIG. During the transportation process, the electrical component 5 adhered to the plate-like member 8 is scraped off by the rotation of the brush roller 40 . At this time, since the electrical component 5 is adhered to the back plate 2 through the sealing material 6 , the electrical component 5 is scraped off from the plate-like member 8 in the form of fine powder pieces containing the sealing material 6 . In this case, since the plate-like member 8 is pressed against the brush roller 40 by the pressing plate 51, scraping can be performed reliably. That is, the plate-shaped member 8 is conveyed by the rotation of the brush roller 40. Since there is sliding resistance of the pressure plate 51, the plate-shaped member 8 is slowly conveyed while being repeatedly rubbed by the brush roller 40. The electrical component 5 is scraped off from the plate-like member 8 in the form of fine powder pieces including the sealing material 6 . Therefore, the electrical component 5 can be easily mechanically separated from the plate-like member 8 without using chemicals, thereby speeding up recovery and improving recovery efficiency. In this case, among the electrical components 5, the solar cell unit 3 is particularly easily crushed and can be scraped off as much as possible. Since the wiring material 4 such as copper wire is elongated, it may be entangled with the sealing material 6 and remain behind. Situation on board 2. However, high-priced metals such as silver are mainly included in solar cell unit 3, so the recycling rate is high.

In addition, in this case, since a plurality of brush rollers 40 (two brush rollers in the embodiment) are provided at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member 8, the electrical component 5 is repeatedly scraped off by the plurality of brush rollers 40. Therefore, the recovery rate of the electrical components 5 can be improved.

Furthermore, the brush roller 40 is installed on the base 10 and is relatively pressed by the pressing plate 51 of the pressing means 50. The distance between the pressing plate 51 and the brush roller 40 can be adjusted by the supporting portion 52 supporting the pressing plate 51. By adjusting the pressing plate The pressing force of 51 can appropriately adjust the conveying speed of the plate-shaped member 8 and the friction frequency of the brush roller 40 caused by the rotation of the brush roller 40, so that the electrical components 5 can be scraped off reliably. The distance between the support portion 52 is adjusted because the base member 53 for holding the pressure plate 51 can be moved up and down by the moving mechanism 54 and positioned at the required up and down movement position. Therefore, the distance between the pressure plate 51 and the brush roller 40 can be adjusted. Proceed easily.

In addition, since there is a position adjustment mechanism 80 that can adjust the up and down position of the pressure plate 51 relative to the base member 53 , the distance between the pressure plate 51 and the brush roller 40 can also be adjusted by the position adjustment mechanism 80 . Therefore, the adjustment can be performed finely, so that the scraping off of the electrical component 5 by the brush roller 40 can be performed reliably. The adjustment of the distance between the pressure plate 51 and the brush roller 40 is mainly performed by the moving mechanism 54 .

In this case, since the moving mechanism 54 is configured by arranging a plurality of jacks 60 at intervals along the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction, the pressing force of the jacks 60 is strengthened, and the brush roller 40 is scraped by the rotation of the brush roller 40 . During the lowering operation, the pressing plate 51 is not easily bent or shaken, and the plate-shaped member 8 can be firmly held by frictional resistance. Therefore, the electrical component 5 can be scraped off by the brush roller 40 reliably.

In addition, the pressure plate 51 is provided for each of the plurality of brush rollers 40. Since each brush roller 40 is provided independently, the pressing force on the plate-shaped member 8 is once released between the pressure plates 51, thereby preventing excessive force. Even if the plate-shaped member 8 is acted upon and twisted, the plate-shaped member 8 can be scraped off by the brush roller 40 while being smoothly transported. In addition, the upstream edge portion 51a of the plate-like member 8 on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of each pressing plate 51 is formed to incline upward toward the upstream side in the conveyance direction. Therefore, when the plate-like member 8 is conveyed, its front end edge touches It is connected to the inclined upstream side edge portion 51a and is guided toward the brush roller 40. Therefore, the plate-like member 8 can be prevented from escaping upward and detaching from the device, and the plate-like member 8 can be securely secured. It is sent between the general part of the platen and the brush roller 40.

Next, the solar cell module recovery system R according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described. The recycling system R of the embodiment separates the frame 7 and the solar cell module M from the solar panel product S in which the metal frame 7 is installed in the solar cell module M, and separates the glass and the solar cell module M from the solar panel product S. Sorting of other materials containing valuable metals.

The basic structure of the recycling system R includes: a solar cell module extraction device 100, a glass substrate crushing and separating device 110, a screening device 120, a wind sorting device 130, a color sorting device 140, a metal removing device 150, and the above-mentioned electrical components. Recovery device K and back plate crushing device 160.

The solar cell module taking-out device 100 removes the frame 7 from the solar panel product S supplied by a stacker (not shown), and takes out the solar cell module M and sends it out. The solar cell module removal device 100 includes an elevator 101, a solar panel transport device 102, and a frame removal mechanism (not shown). The elevator 101 moves the supplied solar panel product S to a predetermined position with the back plate 2 of the solar cell module M facing upward; the solar panel transport device 102 moves the solar panel product S after the elevator 101 moves it to the predetermined position. The back plate 2 of the solar cell module M of the panel product S is adsorbed by an adsorption disc, and the solar panel product S is taken out and transported to the required position for positioning; the frame removal mechanism removes the solar panel product from the solar panel product positioned at the required position. S uses hydraulic drive to clamp and pull down the frame 7. The solar panel transport device 102 transports the solar cell module M with the frame 7 removed to the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 . "Frame 7" is concentrated.

The glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 receives the solar cell module M conveyed from the solar cell module extraction device 100 by the solar panel conveying device 102 using the delivery conveyor 111, and delivers the glass substrate 1 downward and tilted. The glass substrate 1 of the solar cell module M sent out by the sending conveyor 111 is crushed and separated into crushed materials including glass pieces, the glass substrate 1 is almost completely removed, and the electrical component 5 is adhered to the back plate 2 The plate-like member 8 is in this state, and the plate-like member 8 is sent to the above-mentioned electrical component recovery device K.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 is provided with a pair of crushing rollers 112 . The pair of crushing rollers 112 holds the solar cell module M that is tilted and sent out by the sending conveyor 111 . , transporting the solar cell module M by rotating and crushing the glass substrate 1 of the solar cell module M. Each of the pair of crushing rollers 112 is configured by providing crushing teeth with sharp front ends in a matrix on its outer peripheral surface, and transports the solar cell module M in a substantially horizontal direction.

In addition, the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 is provided with: a scraping roller 113 provided on each crushing roller 10 and scraping off the glass sheet adhered to the back plate 2 side of the solar cell module M, and an opposing roller 113 . The scraping roller 113 presses the solar cell module M against the pressing roller 114 . In addition, the combination of the scraping roller 113 and the pressing roller 114 is arranged in a plurality of groups (three groups in the embodiment) along the horizontal direction. The scraping roller 113, like the crushing roller 112, has crushing teeth with sharp front ends arranged in a matrix on its outer peripheral surface. On the other hand, the outer peripheral surface of the pressing roller 114 is formed into a cylindrical plane or a flat surface. It is formed similarly to the crushing roller 112 and is rotatably supported. The crushed materials including the crushed glass pieces are collected by the chute 115, transported to the hopper 117 by the belt conveyor 116, and temporarily stored. On the other hand, the glass substrate 1 is almost completely removed from the solar cell module M by the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110, and the plate-like member 8 in which the electrical component 5 is adhered to the back sheet 2 is sent to the above-mentioned state. The supply part 20 of the electrical component recovery device K.

The sieve device 120 sieves the crushed material including glass flakes stored in the hopper 117 and gradually supplied in appropriate amounts into: "medium particles" including glass particles in a predetermined particle size range, and particles having a size larger than the predetermined particle size range. "Coarse particles" and "fine particles" with sizes below the established particle size range. "Coarse particles" and "fine particles" are put into containers, bags, etc. and concentrated. "Medium particles" are transported to the next device.

The wind separation device 130 collects light powder from the "medium particles" separated by the sieve device 120 through wind separation and selects and takes out the "glass particles", and a well-known method can be used. "Light powder" is concentrated by putting it in a container, bag, etc. "Glass grains" are transported to the next device.

The color sorting device 140 removes as many colored glass particles as possible from the "glass particles" selected by the wind force sorting device 130 and sorts and takes out the colorless glass particles. Well-known methods can be used, such as letting the glass particles fall. During this process, an identification sensor such as a CCD camera is used to detect whether the glass particles contain colored glass particles. When it is detected that the glass particles contain colored glass particles, the Small collections of glass particles containing colored glass particles are removed by, for example, air jets. "Colored glass particles" are concentrated when placed in containers, bags, etc. The "colorless glass particles" are transported to the next device.

The metal removing device 150 removes metal from the "colorless glass particles" sorted by the color sorting device 140 . Well-known methods can be used, such as using a conveyor to transport glass granules. During this transportation, a metal detector is used to detect metal. When metal is detected, a small collection of glass granules containing metal is dropped by e.g. Remove. "Colorless glass particles" and "metal-containing glass particles" are concentrated in containers, bags, etc.

The electrical component recovery device K is used to process the plate-shaped member 8 in a state where the glass substrate 1 has been substantially completely removed by the glass substrate crushing and separating device 110 and the electrical component 5 has been adhered to the back plate 2 . That is, as described above, in the electrical component recovery device K of the solar cell module M, the electrical component 5 adhered to the plate-like member 8 is scraped off by the rotation of the brush roller 40 . At this time, since the electrical component 5 is adhered to the back plate 2 through the sealing material 6 , the electrical component 5 is scraped off from the plate-like member 8 in the form of fine powder pieces containing the sealing material 6 . Therefore, the electrical component 5 can be easily mechanically separated from the plate-like member 8 without using chemicals, thereby speeding up recovery and improving recovery efficiency. The backing plate 2 is discharged in a state where a large amount of the sealing material 6 and a trace amount of the electrical components 5 are adhered and have not been scraped off. The scraped "fine powder pieces including electrical components" are concentrated. The details are as above.

The backsheet crushing device 160 crushes the plate-like member 8 after the electrical component 5 is recovered by the electrical component recovery device K of the solar cell module M. "Crushed plate-shaped members" are put into containers, bags, etc. and collected.

The "fine powder flakes containing electrical components", "coarse particles", "fine particles", and "lightweight powder" collected in this way contain valuable metals such as silver, and valuable metals such as silver can be extracted from them. Valuable metals. In addition, the metal contained in the "glass particles containing metal" removed by the metal removal device 150 is mostly relatively large copper used for wiring and the like, and metals can be extracted from them. The "crushed material of plate-like members" mainly includes a large amount of sealing material 6 and a trace amount of electrical components 5 that have not been scraped off the back plate 2, and is subjected to, for example, incineration treatment. Electrical components can also be removed.

Furthermore, the "colorless glass particles" from which the metal has been removed can be used as raw materials for various glass products. "Colored glass particles" are more suitable for use as aggregate materials for civil engineering, etc. than as glass products. In this way, in this system, the solar cell module M can be effectively recycled and reused.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the electrical component recovery device is explained as a device constituting a recovery system, it is not limited to this and may be used alone or may be appropriately modified. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments of the present invention. Those with ordinary skill in the technical field can easily make numerous changes to the illustrated embodiments without substantially departing from the novel teachings and effects of the present invention. These numerous changes can be easily made. are also included in the scope of the present invention.

R:recycling system K: Electrical component recycling device S:Solar panel products M: Solar cell module 1:Glass substrate 2:Back panel 3: Solar cell unit 4: Wiring materials 5: Electrical components 6:Sealing material 7:Frame 8: Plate-like components 10:Abutment 11: Conveyor 20:Supply Department 21:Support plate 22: Feed roller 23:foot plate 24:Erection board 25:bolt 26: long hole 27: Nut 30: Up and down moving mechanism 31:Strut bolts 32:Adjusting nut 33:Lock nut 34:Bearing Department 36: Pivot 37:Tooth roller 38:Guide plate 38a: Upstream side edge 40: Brush roller 41:Bearing 42:Rotation axis 43: Brush roller drive unit 48:Transmission sprocket 49:Chain 50: Compression means 51: Pressure plate 51a: Upstream side edge 52:Support part 53: Base component 53a:Sliding parts 53b:Orbit 54:Mobile mechanism 60:jack 61: Install components 62: Electric motor 64:Gear transmission mechanism 70:Footing board 71:bolt 72: long hole 73: Nut 80: Position adjustment mechanism 100: Solar cell module removal device 110: Glass substrate crushing and separation device 120: Screening device 130: Wind selection device 140: Color sorting device 150:Metal removal device 160: Back plate crushing device

FIG. 1 is a top view showing a solar cell module recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is an elevation view of the solar cell module recycling system according to the embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the side provided with a glass substrate crushing and separation device and an electrical component recycling device for the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. . 3 is an elevation view of the device on the processing side of the glass sheets separated by the glass substrate crushing and separating device in the solar cell module recovery system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view schematically showing the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a front view showing the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a right side view of the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a perspective view showing the main part of the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 8 is a front view showing the main part of the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a jack used in the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows the main part of the glass substrate crushing and separating device in the solar cell module recovery system according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 shows a structural example of a solar cell module recycling system and a solar cell module processed by an electrical component recycling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5: Electrical components

8: Plate-like components

10:Abutment

20:Supply Department

21:Support plate

22: Feed roller

23:foot plate

24:Erection board

25:bolt

26: long hole

27: Nut

30: Up and down moving mechanism

31:Strut bolts

32:Adjusting nut

33:Lock nut

34:Bearing Department

36: Pivot

37:Tooth roller

38:Guide plate

38a: Upstream side edge

40: Brush roller

41:Bearing

42:Rotation axis

48:Transmission sprocket

49:Chain

51: Pressure plate

51a: Upstream side edge

52:Support part

53: Base component

53a:Sliding parts

53b:Orbit

61: Install components

70:Footing board

71:bolt

72: long hole

73: Nut

Claims (12)

A device for recycling electrical components of solar cell modules, which is used to recycle solar cell modules in which electrical components including solar cell units and wiring materials are interposed between a glass substrate and a back sheet using a sealing material. The electrical component, the electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module, removes substantially all the glass substrate from the above-mentioned solar cell module in advance, and removes the electrical component from the sheet-like member in a state where the electrical component is adhered to the back plate. Components are recycled as much as possible, characterized by, It is provided with a supply part, a brush roller and a pressing means; the supply part receives the plate-like member and supplies it with the electrical component facing downward; the brush roller is the plate-like member supplied from the supply part The electrical component is supported with the electrical component facing downward and transported downstream by rotation, and the electrical component is scraped off from the back plate of the plate-like member; the pressing means presses the plate-like member against the brush roller. . The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 1, wherein, A plurality of brush rollers are provided at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The above-mentioned brush roller is arranged on the base, The pressing means includes a pressure plate that faces the brush roller and is in sliding contact with the plate-like member, and a support portion that supports the pressure plate relative to the base so that the distance between the pressure plate and the brush roller can be adjusted. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 3, wherein, The above-mentioned support part includes a base member and a moving mechanism, The base member is configured to move up and down relative to the base and holds the pressure plate on the lower side; the moving mechanism is provided on the base and is used to move the base member up and down and position the base member at a desired position. up and down movement position. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 4, wherein, The above-mentioned moving mechanism uses a jack equipped with a male threaded rod and a gear box. A worm gear and a worm are stored in the gear box. The worm gear is formed with a female thread for moving the male threaded rod forward and backward. The worm rotates the worm wheel. To move the male threaded rod forward and backward, a plurality of jacks are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the base member that is orthogonal to the conveyance direction, the gear box of the jack is installed on the base, and the jack is One end of the male threaded rod is installed on the above-mentioned base component, An electric motor and a gear transmission mechanism are provided on the base. The gear transmission mechanism transmits the rotation of the electric motor to the worm shaft by causing the worm shafts of the worms of the pair of jacks to rotate synchronously. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 4, wherein, A position adjustment mechanism capable of adjusting the up and down position of the pressure plate relative to the base member is provided. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 3, wherein, A plurality of brush rollers are provided at intervals along the conveyance direction of the plate-like member. The press plate is provided on each of the plurality of brush rollers, and the press plate is positioned upstream of the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the plate-like member. The side edge portion is formed to incline upward toward the upstream side in the conveyance direction. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein, The above-mentioned supply unit is equipped with a support plate and a feed roller, The support plate supports the received plate-like member; the feed roller is in contact with the plate-like member on the support plate from above, and rotates while allowing the plate-like member to move on the plate-like member. The sliding side of the supporting plate is transported toward the above-mentioned brush roller side. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 8, wherein, A conveyor is provided on the upstream side of the support plate to convey the plate-like member with its electrical components facing downwards. The placing surface of the plate-like member of the conveyor is formed downward from the upstream side toward the downstream side. tilt. The electrical component recycling device for solar cell modules as described in claim 9, wherein, A guide plate is provided on the upstream side of the feed roller to face the support plate and guide the sheet-like member. The upstream side edge of the guide plate is formed so as to extend toward the upstream side. Tilt up. A recycling system for solar cell modules that separates glass and other materials containing valuable metals from solar cell modules that contain solar cell units and the like between a glass substrate and a backplane The electrical components of the wiring material are installed using sealing materials, and are characterized by: It is equipped with a solar cell module extraction device, a glass substrate crushing and separation device, a screening device, a wind sorting device, a color sorting device, a metal removal device, and a solar cell module as described in any one of claims 1 to 10. Electrical component recycling device, This solar cell module extraction device removes the frame from a solar panel product that is composed of a metal frame on a solar cell module, and takes out and sends out the solar cell module; The glass substrate crushing and separating device crushes and separates the glass substrate of the solar cell module sent out from the solar cell module taking-out device into crushed materials including glass pieces, and the glass substrate is almost completely removed and placed on the back. The plate-like component is in a state where electrical components are adhered to the board, and the plate-like component is sent out; The sieve device sieves the crushed material including glass flakes separated by the glass substrate crushing and separating device into: medium particles including glass particles in a predetermined particle size range, and particles having a size above the predetermined particle size range. Coarse particles and fine particles below the established particle size range; This wind power sorting device is used to recover light powder from medium particles separated by the above-mentioned glass sheet separation device through wind power sorting to sort glass particles; The color sorting device removes the colored glass particles as much as possible from the glass particles selected by the wind force sorting device and sorts and takes out the colorless glass particles; The metal removal device removes metal from colorless glass particles sorted by the color sorting device; This solar cell module electrical component recovery device recovers electrical components from the sheet-like components sent out from the above-mentioned glass substrate crushing and separation device with electrical components adhered to the back plate. The solar cell module recycling system as described in claim 11, wherein, The backsheet crushing device is provided, and the backsheet crushing device crushes the plate-shaped components after the electrical components are recovered by the above-mentioned electrical component recovery device of the solar cell module.

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