TWI818736B - Plastic composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material is made of the following components by weight: 30%-85% polystyrene, 15%-55% synthetic rubber, and 3%-emulsified synthetic rubber. 45% and auxiliary agent 0.1-10%. The preparation method includes crushing recycled materials and/or scraps containing polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and emulsified synthetic rubber; weighing the composite material according to the weight percentage of each component. Polystyrene 30%-85%, the synthetic rubber 15%-55%, and the emulsified synthetic rubber 3%-45%; mix the weighed polystyrene, the synthetic rubber, and the emulsified synthetic rubber to obtain a mixture material; feed the mixed material into the main material port, and feed 0.1-10% of the auxiliary agent into the side feeding port for granulation to obtain multiple granular plastic composite materials. The plastic composite material of the present invention is suitable for application in the injection molding process. Compared with extrusion molding, it eliminates the need for subsequent processing, reduces production costs, and improves production efficiency.

Description

Plastic composite material and preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular to a plastic composite material and a preparation method thereof.

Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) is made by pulverizing plastic raw materials, grinding wood raw materials such as sawdust or rice husks and other plant/wood fiber materials, mixing them in a certain proportion, and then extruding them into sheets. Processed into other products. Since wood-plastic composite materials have the advantages of wood and plastic, they can replace original solid wood materials or plastic products and can be widely used in the building materials industry, gift industry, automobile industry, interior decoration, furniture industry, etc. Moreover, the raw materials used come from recyclable plastic and wood, realizing recycling and reuse, which is friendly to the ecological environment.

However, plastic and wood fiber (wood powder) have different polarities, and a coupling agent or glue is required to combine them. The purpose of filling wood powder into wood-plastic composite materials is to make the plastic wood have a more solid wood texture. However, adding too much will increase the water absorption rate of the plastic wood, reduce the density of the plastic wood, and make the plastic wood easily rot, damaged, broken or deformed.

In addition, during the extrusion process, plastic raw materials containing wood powder have high viscosity when melted at high temperatures, which is not conducive to extrusion production, and the products after being ejected from the mold are not easy to shape. If calcium carbonate is added during the production process, although it can reduce the viscosity, it will make the plastic wood hard and brittle. Long-term use may easily cause the plastic wood to crack or burst.

Therefore, there is a need to provide a composite material that does not require the addition of wood powder and is suitable for molding and production, especially an injection molded plastic composite material.

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a plastic composite material, which is made of the following weight percentages of each component: polystyrene 30%-85%, synthetic rubber 15%-55%, emulsified synthetic rubber 3% -45%, auxiliary agent 0.1-10%.

Further, the auxiliary agent includes at least one or a combination of organic stabilizers, coupling agents, thermal stabilizers, gelling accelerators, foaming agents, and light absorbers.

Further, the weight percentage of the organic stabilizer is 0.1%-10%, the weight percentage of the coupling agent is 0.1%-5%, the weight percentage of the thermal stabilizer is 0.1%-3%, and the weight percentage of the gelling accelerator is The weight percentage of the foaming agent is 0.1%-10%, the weight percentage of the foaming agent is 0.1%-3%, and the light absorber weight percentage is 0.1%-3%.

Furthermore, the polystyrene comes from recycled materials or scraps of plastic waste.

Furthermore, the synthetic rubber and/or the emulsified synthetic rubber is derived from recycled materials or scraps of rubber waste.

Furthermore, the recycled materials and/or the scraps have at least one shape of strips, blocks, and shavings.

Further, the light absorber absorbs ultraviolet light of 300nm-325nm.

Further, the light absorber absorbs ultraviolet light of 313nm-318nm.

The invention also provides a method for making a plastic composite material. The recycled materials and/or scraps containing polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and emulsified synthetic rubber are crushed; the polystyrene is weighed according to the weight percentage of each component of the composite material. Ethylene 30%-85%, the synthetic rubber 15%-55%, and the emulsified synthetic rubber 3%-45%; mix the weighed polystyrene, the synthetic rubber, and the emulsified synthetic rubber to obtain a mixed material; The mixed material is fed into the main feed port, and 0.1-10% of the auxiliary agent is fed into the side feed port for granulation to obtain a plurality of granular plastic composite materials.

When heated to a molten state, the plastic composite material of the present invention has better and stable fluidity, and is suitable for injection molding processes that require higher molding requirements. Since it is easy to control the molding conditions such as temperature and pressure of the plastic composite material of the present invention when used in injection molding, the yield rate of the produced plastic products is extremely high.

Furthermore, the plastic composite material of the present invention is suitable for application in injection molding. Therefore, compared with extrusion molding, subsequent processing is omitted, production costs are reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, the plastic composite material of the present invention does not need to add wood powder, and the finished product does not absorb water and is suitable for humid environments. It can be used outdoors without mold, spots or insects, and can be used for a long time. In addition, because it is made of plastic, it can be completely recycled and reused after being dismantled over time, which is environmentally friendly; compared with the use of synthetic wood plastic (WPC), it is difficult to completely decompose after disposal and cannot be recycled and reused.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied in other different embodiments. Various details in this specification can also be modified and changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In addition, all ranges and values herein are inclusive and combinable. Any value or point that falls within the range described in this article, such as any integer, can be used as a minimum or maximum value to derive a lower range, etc.

The following is a more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to drawings and component symbols, so that those skilled in the art can implement them after reading this specification.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a plastic composite material, including the following weight percentages of each component: polystyrene (Polystyrene, PS) 30%-85%, synthetic rubber (Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, SBR) 15%-55%, emulsified Synthetic rubber (emulsion polymerized butadiene styrene rubber, ESBR) 3%-45%, auxiliary agent 0.1%-10%.

Polystyrene is a thermoplastic plastic. As one of the components of the plastic composite material of the present invention, it has good light transmittance, hardness, processing dimensional stability, fluidity, and easy processing and dyeing; the synthetic rubber itself is styrene and butadiene. Copolymer of olefins has the same elasticity as natural rubber; emulsified synthetic rubber has excellent wear resistance, tensile strength, tear strength, and aging resistance.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the plastic composite material also includes 0.1%-10% by weight of auxiliary agents, wherein the auxiliary agents include: organic stabilizers, coupling agents, thermal stabilizers, gelling accelerators, foaming agents, At least one or a combination of light absorbers.

Organic stabilizers are used to prevent discoloration or deterioration of mixed materials during processing, use or recycling. Preferably, organic stabilizers include but are not limited to: calcium/zinc powder stabilizer, barium zinc/barium calcium zinc powder stabilizer, barium zinc/calcium zinc liquid stabilizer, organic tin stabilizer, lead-based stabilizer, Phosphorus stabilizer, hindered phenol stabilizer.

Coupling agents are used to enhance the interfacial properties of materials, improve viscosity and dispersion, and can be used as filling materials. Coupling agents include, but are not limited to, chromium complex coupling agents, silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, and organic peroxides. physical coupling agent.

Thermal stabilizers are used to prevent thermal degradation during processing and prevent aging of products during long-term use. Preferably, heat stabilizers include but are not limited to: tribasic lead sulfate, dibasic lead phosphite, cadmium stearate, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, Aluminum stearate, lead stearate, di-n-octyltin maleate, S, S'-bis(isooctyl thioglycolate) di-n-octyltin, phosphorus thermal stabilizer.

Gel accelerators are used to accelerate the vulcanization reaction in rubber. Preferably, gelling accelerators include, but are not limited to, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, copper dimethyldithiocarbamate, N-cyclohexyl-2-benzene Thiazole sulfenamide, N,N'-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, tetramethylthiuram disulfide, N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, N-oxydiethylene-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide, dibenzothiazole disulfide, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, ultra-low molecular weight polystyrene.

Foaming agents are used to create continuous or discontinuous micropores in plastics. Preferably, the foaming agent includes, but is not limited to, azodimethylamide, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, barium azodicarboxylate, azodicarboxylic acid Diethyl ester, azoaminobenzene, N,N'-dinitrosopentamethyltetramine, N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dinitrosoterephthalamide , benzene sulfonyl hydrazine, p-toluene sulfonyl hydrazine, sodium bicarbonate.

Light absorbers are used to inhibit or slow down the photodegradation or photoaging of plastics caused by absorbing ultraviolet light, and extend the use and storage life of plastic products. Preferably, light absorbers include, but are not limited to, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-5 -Chlorobenzotriazole, 4-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate.

Further, embodiments of the present invention provide a preparation process of plastic composite materials, as shown in Figure 1,

Step S110, crush the recycled materials and/or scraps containing polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and emulsified synthetic rubber;

Step S120: Weigh 30%-85% of the polystyrene, 15%-55% of the synthetic rubber, and 3%-45% of the emulsified synthetic rubber according to the weight percentage of each component of the composite material;

Step S130, mix the weighed polystyrene, the synthetic rubber, and the emulsified synthetic rubber to obtain a mixed material;

Step S140, feed the mixed material into the main feed port, and feed 0.1-10% of the auxiliary agent into the side feed port for granulation to obtain a plurality of granular plastic composite materials; and

Preferably, in step S110, polystyrene is derived from recycled materials of plastic waste or waste materials and leftovers remaining in the plastic processing process; synthetic rubber and emulsified synthetic rubber are derived from recycled materials of rubber waste or rubber. Waste materials and leftovers left during processing.

In embodiments of the present invention, the shapes of plastic recycled materials and/or scraps, or rubber recycled materials and/or scraps are not limited. That is, the present invention can be applied to various shapes, such as strips and blocks. , shavings and other shapes of plastic recycling materials and/or scraps, as well as rubber recycling materials and/or scraps are crushed.

Next, crush the above-mentioned recycled materials and/or scraps through a crusher, separate the crushed polystyrene-containing recycled materials or scraps from other plastics, and recycle the crushed synthetic rubber and emulsified synthetic rubber. Materials or scraps are separated from other rubber. In this way, the mixed materials mixed using recycled materials and/or scraps will not contain unnecessary other types of plastics and rubbers, making the material types in the mixed materials simple.

Preferably, after obtaining the mixed material, in step S140, feed the mixed material containing 30%-85% polystyrene, 15%-55% synthetic rubber, and 3%-45% emulsified synthetic rubber into the main material port. , then, feed 0.1-10% of the auxiliary agent into the side feeding port. Specifically, add 0.1%-10% organic stabilizer, 0.1%-5% coupling agent, 0.1%-3% thermal stabilizer, and 0.1%-10% gelling agent. The accelerator, the foaming agent between 0.1%-3%, and the light absorber between 0.1%-3% enter the side feeding port.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the light absorber used absorbs ultraviolet light between 300 nm and 325 nm. Preferably, it absorbs ultraviolet light of 313nm-318nm. The use of light absorbers in the above wavelength range can significantly improve the fission of polystyrene during the production process and use.

The above-mentioned mixed materials and the above-mentioned auxiliary agents are sent to the extruder respectively, and after melting and mixing, they are extruded from the die. In the embodiment of the present invention, a cooling and shaping system is also included, which can extrude the melted and kneaded material from the die, and cut out the ester granules through a rotating cutter. The ester granules are cooled and shaped due to the sudden drop in temperature. In this way, a plurality of granular plastic composite materials are obtained.

Preferably, it also includes a screening machine that filters and screens through vibration to screen and distinguish ester particles of different particle sizes and reduce excess dust in the ester particles.

Through the above preparation method, further, the plurality of plastic composite materials are fed into the injection molding machine, heated to a molten and flowing state, and pressurized to inject the plurality of polymer raw materials in a molten and flowing state from the die to the injection molding machine. The mold is cooled and formed into finished plastic products.

When heated to a molten state, the plastic composite material of the present invention has better and stable fluidity, and is suitable for injection molding processes that require higher molding requirements. Since it is easy to control the molding conditions such as temperature and pressure of the plastic composite material of the present invention when used in injection molding, the yield rate of the produced plastic products is extremely high.

Furthermore, the plastic composite material of the present invention is suitable for application in injection molding. Therefore, compared with extrusion molding, subsequent processing is omitted, production costs are reduced, and production efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, the plastic composite material of the present invention does not need to add wood powder, and the finished product does not absorb water and is suitable for humid environments. It can be used outdoors without mold, spots or insects, and can be used for a long time. In addition, because it is made of plastic, it can be completely recycled and reused after being dismantled over time, which is environmentally friendly; compared with the use of synthetic wood plastic (WPC), it is difficult to completely decompose after disposal and cannot be recycled and reused.

The above embodiments are only illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of rights protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the patent application attached to the present invention. As long as it does not affect the effect and implementation purpose of the present invention, it should be covered by this disclosed technical content.

S110: Steps S120: Steps S130: Steps S140: Steps

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of a plastic composite material provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

S110: Steps

S120: Steps

S130: Steps

S140: Steps

Claims (8)

A plastic composite material, which is suitable for injection molding to make plastic finished products. It is made of the following components by weight: polystyrene 30%-85%, synthetic rubber 15%-55%, emulsified synthetic Rubber 3%-45%, auxiliary agent 0.1-10%, wherein the synthetic rubber and the emulsified synthetic rubber are derived from recycled materials or scraps of rubber waste, and a plurality of these plastic composite materials are fed into the injection molding machine to make the finished plastic product. The plastic composite material according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent includes at least one or a combination of organic stabilizers, coupling agents, thermal stabilizers, gelling accelerators, foaming agents, and light absorbers. The plastic composite material according to claim 2, wherein the weight percentage of the organic stabilizer is 0.1%-10%, the weight percentage of the coupling agent is 0.1%-5%, and the weight percentage of the thermal stabilizer is 0.1% -3%, the weight percentage of the gelling accelerator is 0.1%-10%, the weight percentage of the foaming agent is 0.1%-3%, and the weight percentage of the light absorber is 0.1%-3%. The plastic composite material of claim 1, wherein the polystyrene is derived from recycled materials or scraps of plastic waste. The plastic composite material according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the recycled materials and/or the scraps have at least one shape of strips, blocks, and shavings. The plastic composite material according to claim 2, wherein the light absorber absorbs ultraviolet light of 300nm-325nm. The plastic composite material according to claim 6, wherein the light absorber absorbs ultraviolet light of 313nm-318nm. A method for producing a plastic composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, by pulverizing recycled materials and/or scraps containing polystyrene, synthetic rubber, and emulsified synthetic rubber; according to each component of the composite material The weight percentages are respectively 30%-85% of the polystyrene, 15%-55% of the synthetic rubber, and 3%-45% of the emulsified synthetic rubber; Mix the weighed polystyrene, the synthetic rubber and the emulsified synthetic rubber to obtain a mixed material; feed the mixed material into the main feed port, and feed 0.1-10% of the auxiliary agent into the side feed port. Granulate to obtain a plurality of granular plastic composite materials; feed the plurality of plastic composite materials to an injection molding machine to make a finished plastic product.

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