TWI817671B - A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise - Google Patents

Abstract

A water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise can make flood drainage and irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The water turbine system includes a water conduit and a water turbine. The water turbine can lift the water drop area, so that the water surface is consistent. And from the water inlet to the water outlet, there is a tapered design of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel, and with the sluice, the water volume of the water inlet can be controlled, and the overflow wall can adjust the water flow of the aqueduct. The water turbine includes a shaft structure, a water turbine cover and a plurality of blades. The water turbine cover can increase the water flow through the blade area of the turbine, and the stroke is roughly a quarter of the circumference of the turbine, and a plurality of blades are arranged on the shaft structure in a mutually staggered manner.

Description

A water turbine system and water turbine with high efficiency and low noise

The invention relates to a hydraulic turbine system and a hydraulic turbine capable of flood drainage irrigation and hydropower generation, and in particular, to a hydraulic turbine system and a hydraulic turbine with high efficiency and low noise capable of flood drainage irrigation and hydropower generation.

Locations where small hydropower can be installed include agricultural irrigation canal systems, rivers, and undercurrents. For example, small hydropower can be installed at check dams, channel water paths, or undercurrent water sources. Small hydropower is currently known to have the least negative impact on the environment and ecology. A power generation method, in which the power generation device mainly uses a mechanism such as a hydraulic turbine as power to generate electricity.

In agricultural irrigation channels, in addition to small hydropower devices with turbines as the important ones, the irrigation channels can also maintain the function of flood drainage and irrigation. The water flow state of the channel can be divided into advection type and drop type according to the site terrain. In the past, turbines in the advection type water flow state often had problems with generating electricity due to the smooth flow rate, while the drop type water flow caused gravity flow to impact the turbine blades. , because the water pressure pressurizes the turbine blades with a strong reaction force, there will be a problem of excessive noise. If there are farmhouses or homes near the farmland, excessive noise will cause trouble to nearby residents.

In addition, when the water turbine needs to be repaired, it is often necessary to temporarily interrupt the flood drainage and irrigation function of the irrigation channel, which is very inconvenient.

Therefore, in order to solve the problems of unstable flow speed, inability to control the confluence direction, noise, and interruption of irrigation during maintenance in farmland water conservancy, it is necessary to develop an ideal technical method to solve the problem with a high-efficiency, low-noise water turbine system and water turbine. the above issues.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, low-noise hydraulic turbine system and a hydraulic turbine that, in addition to the function of continuous flood drainage and irrigation, also have the function of high-efficiency, low-noise power generation.

The invention relates to a water turbine system with high efficiency and low noise, wherein the water turbine system includes a water conduit and a water turbine.

Partition walls are set up on both sides of the flow channel of the irrigation channel to form a water conduit and guide the water flow. The water conduit raises the water surface in the drop zone so that the water surface at the water conduit inlet and the water surface at the water conduit outlet are almost on the same level or at the same level as seen by the naked eye. other horizontal planes.

The hydraulic turbine has an axis and a plurality of blades. The blades are connected to the axis and adjacent to the water outlet of the aqueduct. The spirit of the present invention is that the direction of the water flow in the aqueduct is towards the axis. Compared with the conventional hydraulic turbine installed on the water drop At the lower part of the area, the water slides down, which is a design pattern that impacts the blades head-on and does not face the axis at all. Therefore, the turbine system of the present invention can make the water flow from high to low in the blade area of the turbine, which will The stroke through the turbine blade area is greatly increased, and the water flow contacts more blades at the same time, so more kinetic energy can be used to generate electricity.

The blades of the hydraulic turbine can be a plurality of small blades, which are offset from each other on the axis. Therefore, when the water flow contacts and pushes the blades with gravity, not only the energy transmission is relatively continuous, but also the flow direction of the water flow when it first contacts the blades is The angle is almost parallel to the blades, and the noise is the lowest when there is almost no reaction force between the water flow and the blades.

It should be added that when the water flow passes through the flow turbine due to the water conduit raising the water position, the stroke of the turbine blade area increases significantly. When the number of effective blades increases, that is, when the number of blades contacting the water flow increases, it can be effectively To increase the power output of the hydraulic turbine for power generation, in order to achieve the purpose of high-efficiency hydropower generation.

The water guide channel in the turbine system has a tapered cross-sectional area from the water inlet to the water outlet. Because the water flow is stable when the channel width is fixed, the flow rate will be too slow when the water flow is not large, so the tapered design can reduce the area. And concentrate the water flow, thereby increasing the flow rate so that the water flow flows to the water outlet more quickly after passing through the water inlet, and is effectively pushed out to contact the blades at the water outlet, and then gravity is applied to the blades to rotate the turbine.

When the water flow is too large, the sluice can be opened to stabilize the outflow. The water will flow through the sluice to the overflow channel outside the water guide overflow wall, and will flow directly to the downstream irrigation channel without passing through the blades. If an excessively large flow of water suddenly comes, because the water flow height is higher than the water diversion overflow wall, the water will directly overflow over the water diversion overflow wall and enter the overflow channel. It will also avoid the water diversion cover and turbine and flow to the downstream irrigation channel to avoid impact. Damage the water guide cover and turbine.

As mentioned above, there are sluices and overflow channels on both sides of the water inlet of the aqueduct in the turbine system. When the water flow in the irrigation channel is too large, the sluice gate can be opened to control the water flow into the overflow channel, and the excess water flow can avoid the turbine and return The flow path of an irrigation canal. The water gates on both sides can be controlled by independent switches, or one switch can control the water gates on both sides, and the water gates can also be designed to open in both directions.

The overflow channel is located between the partition wall and the water conduction overflow wall. At least part of the top edge of the water conduction overflow wall is lower than the top edge of the partition wall. Therefore, when the water flow in the water conduction channel exceeds the water conduction overflow wall, it will overflow to the water conduction overflow wall and the partition wall. There is a overflow channel in the middle of the wall. In addition, when the water gate is opened, some water will pass through the overflow channel. The water entering the overflow channel will avoid the water guide cover and turbine, and then return to the flow channel of the irrigation channel.

The water turbine system further has a water guide cover. Both sides of the water guide cover are respectively in contact with the water guide overflow wall, and the water guide cover covers at least part of the water turbine, so that the water flow of the blades can be pushed effectively under the influence of gravity, such as when the height of the axis center and the water guide channel, etc. High, the effective force stroke of the blades flowing through the turbine blade area is approximately one quarter of the turbine circumference. That is to say, when the water conduit raises the water flow and the turbine radius approaches the height of the water drop zone, the effective force stroke of the blades flowing through the turbine blade area is one-quarter of the turbine circumference.

To further explain, the present invention is also a water turbine system with high efficiency and low noise, which can perform flood drainage irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The water turbine system includes a water conduit and a water turbine.

The water conduit is provided with partition walls on both sides of the flow channel, and the water surface in the drop zone is raised so that the water surface at the water conduit inlet and the water surface at the water conduit outlet are almost the same horizontal plane or other horizontal planes as seen by the naked eye, and are completely perpendicular to gravity and The flow rate will be too slow, so some inclination is needed for the water to pass stably.

To further explain, the present invention is also a water turbine. The water turbine includes a shaft structure and a plurality of blades. A plurality of blades of the turbine are connected from the axis and adjacent to the water outlet of the water conduit. When the water flows out from the water conduit outlet, it will advance toward the axis of the axis structure, so the water flows from the high outlet to the low water outlet. A plurality of blades will greatly increase the stroke through the turbine blade area. For example, when the height of the axis and the height of the water conduit are equal, the blades will have The stroke of the effective force is about a quarter of the circumference of the turbine, and the water flow can contact more blades, so more kinetic energy can be used to generate electricity. At the same time, the water flow moves toward the axis, which can also reduce the impact of the blades on the water surface. noise.

The axial structure can connect a plurality of blades, and the plurality of blades are arranged on the axial structure in a mutually offset manner. That is, adjacent blades located at different water flow stroke positions in the turbine are arranged on the axial structure in a mutually offset manner.

The central axis structure of the hydraulic turbine further includes the axis, a plurality of blade brackets, and a support frame. The plurality of blades are set up on the plurality of blade brackets, and the plurality of blade brackets are axially connected to the axis to support the entire axis structure. The support frame is connected to both ends of the axis to erect the water turbine between the channels. The water turbine can be stable in the channel under a certain amount of water.

Therefore, using the water turbine system and water turbine with high efficiency and low noise provided by the present invention, through the water conduit erected on the top of the drop zone and the water guide cover partially covering the outside of the water turbine, the water flow can be guided through more areas. The blades can not only efficiently increase the power output of the turbine for power generation, but the staggered design of the blades can continuously and moderately transfer the energy of the water flow to the turbine. The angle at which the water flow from the outlet of the water conduit contacts the blades can reduce the impact of the water flow on the blades. The noise caused by the reaction force, and through the design of the overflow channel, there is no need to stop the operation of the turbine when heavy rains come, and there is no need to interrupt the flow of water in the irrigation channel when repairing the turbine. It can be solved by small hydropower generation. Electrical energy issues.

The advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood through the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.

10: Water turbine system

20:Aqueduct

22:Partition wall

24:Spillway

26:Water guiding overflow wall

28:Sluice

30:Hydraulic turbine

31:Axis

32: Axis structure

34: blade

36: Blade bracket

38: Support frame

40:Water guide cover

60: Water inlet

62:Water outlet

80:water flow

90: Drop zone

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the water turbine system of the present invention; Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the water gate opening in the water conduit; Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the water gate closing in the water conduit; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the water guide cover; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the water turbine; and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the water turbine structure Schematic diagram of effective blades.

The invention relates to a water turbine system and a water turbine with high efficiency and low noise. In addition to the function of continuous flood drainage and irrigation, it also has the function of high efficiency and low noise power generation.

Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of the water turbine system 10 of the present invention. The water turbine system 10 includes a water guide channel 20 , a water guide cover 40 , and a water turbine 30 .

The aqueduct 20 has the functions of irrigation overflow and protection unit. Partition walls 22 are respectively provided on both sides of the flow channel of the irrigation channel to form the aqueduct 20 and guide the water flow. The aqueduct 20 raises the water surface of the drop zone 90 so that the aqueduct 20 The water surface of the water inlet 60 and the water surface of the water outlet 62 of the water conduit 20 are almost at the same level when viewed with the naked eye. Continuing, after the water flow passes through the water outlet 62, the water flow will be pushed to the water turbine 30, and the blades 34 of the water turbine 30 will be pushed by gravity. Since the water guide cover 40 covers part of the water turbine 30, the water flow from the water guide channel 20 to the water outlet 62 can be The water flow exerts more concentrated pressure on the blades 34 of the turbine 30 .

The turbine 30 has an axis structure 32. The axis structure 32 includes an axis 31 and a plurality of blades 34. The blades 34 are connected from the axis 31 and adjacent to the water outlet 62 of the water conduit 20, and because the water conduit 20 lifts the drop zone 90 water surface, so when the water flows out from the water outlet 62 of the water conduit 20, it will inertially move toward the axis 31 of the axis structure 32. At this time, the reaction force of the water flow hitting the blade 34 is minimal, and the noise is greatly reduced. In addition, the flow of water from the high water outlet 62 to the lowest part of the turbine 30 will greatly increase the stroke of the water flow through the blade 34 area of the turbine 30. The stroke is about a quarter of the circumference of the turbine 30, because the water flow can contact more Each blade 34 increases the number of blades 34 that can effectively bear force, thereby efficiently increasing the generated electric energy.

Please refer to FIGS. 2A and 2B . FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of the water gate 28 in the water conduit 20 opening; FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the water gate 28 in the water conduit 20 closing. The water conduit 20 in the hydraulic turbine system 10 may further include a sluice 28, a water conduit overflow wall 26, an overflow channel 24, and a partition wall 22.

In the hydraulic turbine system 10, the water inlet 60 to the water outlet 62 of the self-guiding water channel 20 is a structural design with a tapered cross-sectional area of the flow channel, because the water flow will be too smooth when the channel width is fixed, and the flow speed will be too slow when the water flow rate is not large, so the water flow rate will be too slow. The tapered design of the water channel 20 can reduce the area of the water outlet 62 and concentrate the water flow, thereby increasing the flow rate, so that the water flow will flow to the water outlet 62 more quickly after entering the water inlet 60 .

There are sluices 28 and overflow channels 24 on both sides of the water inlet 60 of the water diversion channel 20. When the water flow in the irrigation channel is too large or the turbine 30 needs to be repaired, the sluice gate 28 can be opened to control the water flow into the overflow channel 24, and allow the excess water to flow into the overflow channel 24. The water flow avoids the turbine 30 and returns to the flow channel of the irrigation channel downstream. The water gates 28 on both sides can be controlled by independent switches, or one switch can control the water gates 28 on both sides, and the water gates 28 can also be designed to be opened in both directions.

The overflow channel 24 is located between the partition wall 22 and the water conduction overflow wall 26. At least part of the top edge of the water conduction overflow wall 26 will be lower than the top edge of the partition wall 22. Therefore, when the water flow in the water conduction channel 20 is higher than the water conduction overflow wall 26, It will overflow to the overflow channel 24 between the water guide overflow wall 26 and the partition wall 22. In addition, when the water gate 28 is opened, some water will also pass through the overflow channel 24, and the water entering the overflow channel 24 will avoid the water guide cover. 40 and water turbine 30, follow up and return to the flow channel of the irrigation canal.

The water turbine system 10 further has a water guide cover 40. The water guide cover 40 covers part of the water turbine 30. Both sides of the water guide cover 40 are respectively abutted against the water guide overflow wall 26, so that the water flows through the water outlet 62 and is collected by the water guide cover 40. , the water flow affected by effective gravity can push the blades 34 of the water turbine 30, and the stroke of the water flow through the area of the blades 34 of the water turbine 30 is approximately one quarter of the circumference of the water turbine.

The water turbine 30 can be set up in the channel through the support frame 38. Therefore, when the water flows to the water turbine 30 through the water conduit 20, the water turbine 30 can be stably supported in the channel at a certain flow rate.

Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the water guide cover 40. As mentioned above, there is a water guide cover 40 in the water turbine system. Both sides of the water guide cover 40 are respectively abutted against the water guide overflow wall 26. The water guide cover 40 covers at least part of the outside of the water turbine 30, and the bottom of the water guide cover 40 is adjacent to the water drop wall 26. in the flow channel at the bottom of area 90.

When the water flows through the water outlet 62, the water flows through the water guide cover 40 to concentrate the water flow to the turbine 30. The gravity of the water flow can push the multiple blades 34 of the turbine 30. From the initial point when the blades 34 of the turbine 30 receive the water impact force and gravity to the bottom, it takes about A quarter of the stroke of the circumference of the turbine 30, so the stroke of the blade 34 area through which the water flows is longer than conventional, and the number of blades 34 effectively pushed by the water flow also increases.

And because the water guide cover 40 covers part of the outside of the turbine 30, and the bottom is adjacent to the flow channel at the bottom of the water drop zone 90, the sound made when the blades 34 rotate and contact the water surface can be isolated, and the sound insulation and noise reduction effect is further improved. .

Please refer to Figure 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic turbine 30. The water turbine 30 includes a shaft structure 32 , a support frame 38 , and a plurality of blades 34 .

The axis structure 32 further includes an axis 31 and a plurality of blade brackets 36. The plurality of blade brackets 36 are axially connected to the axis 31, and adjacent blade brackets 36 have two bracket connecting rods, which can increase the strength of the blade brackets 36. To make the axis structure 32 more stable, a plurality of blades 34 are installed on the blade bracket 36, and the blades 34 are arranged on the axis structure 32 in a mutually offset manner, which means that the blades 34 are located at different water flow stroke positions in the turbine 30. Adjacent blades 34 are arranged to be offset from each other. Therefore, when the water flow is pushed by gravity and exerts pressure on the blades 34, the plurality of blades 34 will be continuously stressed to make the output power more coherent. Not only will the energy transfer be more continuous, but the noise will also be greatly reduced. Small.

The rotating blades of the traditional design will hit the water surface vertically and produce a strong reaction force and make a loud noise. However, in this embodiment, not only the water flow at the water outlet 62 contacts the blades 34 in an almost parallel direction, the reaction force is minimal, but also the plurality of blades 34 In order to stagger the arrangement, the water flow hits the plurality of blades 34 more continuously, thereby reducing the single reaction force to achieve the noise reduction effect.

Compared with the use mode of the traditional water turbine 30, when the blade 34 is broken, it is necessary to stop the water flow in the irrigation channel and dismantle the entire water turbine 30 for repair. Since the present invention is composed of a plurality of small blades 34, and there is an overflow channel in the water conduit 20 24 design, so if the blade 34 is broken At this time, the water can be directed to the overflow channel 24 without affecting the water flow in the irrigation channel, and the damaged blade 34 can be directly disassembled and repaired directly in the channel, which is very convenient and practical.

The support frame 38 is connected to both ends of the axis 31 to erect the turbine 30 in the channel. Therefore, the turbine 30 can be stably supported in the channel under a certain flow rate.

Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the effective blades 34 in the hydraulic turbine 30 . When the water flow 80 merges into the water turbine 30 located in the water guide cover 40 through the water conduit 20, the water turbine 30 will rotate because the gravity water flow 80 contacts a plurality of blades 34. When the number of effective blades 34 increases, that is, the water turbine 30 comes into contact with the water flow. When the number of blades 34 of 80 is increased, the power output by the hydraulic turbine 30 for power generation can be effectively increased to achieve the purpose of high-efficiency hydropower generation.

Therefore, by utilizing the water turbine system 10 and the water turbine 30 with high efficiency and low noise provided by the present invention, through the water conduit 20 erected on the top of the water drop zone 90 and the water conduit cover 40 partially covering the outside of the water turbine 30, water can be guided. Diverting water through more blades 34 can not only efficiently increase the power output of the turbine 30 for power generation, but the staggered design of the blades 34 can continuously and moderately transfer the energy of the water flow to the turbine 30. The water flow out of the outlet 62 of the water guide 20 The angle of the contacting blades 34 can reduce the noise caused by the reaction force of the water flow impacting the blades 34, and through the design of the overflow channel 24, there is no need to stop the operation of the turbine 30 when heavy rains and floods come. When repairing the turbine 30, There is no need to interrupt the flow of water in irrigation channels, and the power energy problem can be solved through small hydropower generation.

Through the above detailed description of the preferred embodiments, it is hoped that the characteristics and spirit of the present invention can be more clearly described, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above disclosed preferred embodiments. On the contrary, the intention is to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements within the scope of the patent for which the present invention is intended.

10: Water turbine system

20:Aqueduct

22:Partition wall

30:Hydraulic turbine

31:Axis

32: Axis structure

34: blade

40:Water guide cover

60: Water inlet

62:Water outlet

90: Drop zone

Claims (8)

A water turbine system with high efficiency and low noise, which can carry out flood drainage irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The water turbine system includes: a water guide channel, which is equipped with a partition wall on both sides of the first channel and raises the water surface of the drop zone. The water surface of the water conduit inlet and the water surface of the water conduit outlet are almost at the same level for water flow to pass through; and a water turbine has an axis and a plurality of blades, and the blades are connected from the axis and adjacent to The water outlet of the water conduit, the direction of the water flow in the water conduit is toward the axis direction. For the hydraulic turbine system described in Item 1 of the patent application, the water conduit has a structural design in which the cross-sectional area of the flow channel gradually shrinks from the water inlet to the water outlet. For example, in the hydraulic turbine system described in Item 1 of the patent application, there is a water gate on both sides of the water inlet of the water conduit to control the water flow to leave the water conduit and avoid the water turbine to return to the flow channel. The water turbine system described in item 3 of the patent application, wherein the water conduit has at least one water conduction overflow wall, and at least part of the top edge of the water conduction overflow wall is lower than the top edge of the partition wall. For example, the water turbine system described in item 4 of the patent application scope further has a water guide cover. Both sides of the water guide cover are respectively abutted against the water guide overflow wall. The water guide cover covers at least part of the water turbine to effectively Gravity pushes the water flow through the blade area of the turbine approximately one quarter of the circumference of the turbine. For example, in the hydraulic turbine system described in Item 4 of the patent application, there is an overflow channel on both sides of the water conduit, and the overflow channel is between the partition wall and the water conduit overflow wall. When the water gate is opened, at least Part of it will pass through the spillway. For the hydraulic turbine system described in item 1 of the patent application, the blades of the hydraulic turbine are arranged in a mutually offset manner. A water turbine system with high efficiency and low noise, which can carry out flood drainage irrigation and hydroelectric power generation. The water turbine system includes: a water guide channel, which is equipped with a partition wall on both sides of the first channel and raises the water surface of the drop zone. The water surface of the water conduit inlet and the water surface of the water conduit outlet are almost at the same level for water flow to pass through; and a water turbine has an axis and a plurality of blades, and the blades are connected from the axis and adjacent to Water conduit outlet, the stroke of the gravity flow in the water conduit through the blade area of the turbine can reach approximately 1/4 circle.