TWI815169B - Method for cultivation of anemonefish to improve efficiency of spawning - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for cultivation of anemonefish is used to solve the problem of cultivation of anemonefish harvested from natural environment. In the method for cultivation of anemonefish, an anemonefish subject is exposed in a light/dark cycle including a light phase and a dark phase with a sum of the light phase and the dark phase being 24 hours. In the light phase, the anemonefish subject is irradiated with a visible light having the wavelength ranging from 500 nm to 570 nm.

Description

Anemonefish breeding method to improve spawning efficiency of sea anemone fish

The invention relates to a sea anemone fish breeding method, in particular to an anemone fish artificial breeding method.

Anemonefish, also known as clownfish, is the common name for fish belonging to family Pomacentridae and subfamily Amphiprioninae . There are currently about 30 species of anemonefish, one of which belongs to The genus Premnas and the others belong to the genus Amphiprion , which are saltwater tropical fish distributed in the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

Due to its dexterity and bright color, as well as its mutualistic symbiosis with sea anemones, sea anemone fish has become an important player in the marine ornamental fish market and has considerable economic value. However, since most of the anemone fish in the aquarium market are artificially fished with cyanide from the natural environment, it will not only affect the fish population of anemone fish, but also seriously damage the marine ecological environment such as coral reefs, reducing the number of anemone fish. The number dropped sharply. In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a method for artificial breeding of anemone fish.

In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a sea anemone fish breeding method, The system is capable of artificially breeding sea anemone fish.

A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a sea anemone fish breeding method that can improve the reproductive efficiency of sea anemone fish.

The sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention to improve the spawning efficiency of sea anemone fish is to expose an individual sea anemone fish to a light environment of 15 hours and a dark environment of 9 hours, wherein the temperature is 28 ± The individual sea anemone fish is raised in an aquarium with a salinity of 1℃ and a salinity of 33±1‰. The light environment can be formed by visible light with a wavelength of 500~510nm. The underwater illumination in the aquarium is 400~430. lux.

Accordingly, in the sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention, by providing the sea anemone fish with a suitable light-dark cycle, when the sea anemone fish individual is exposed to the light environment, the sea anemone fish is exposed to light in a specific wavelength range (500~570nm). Visible light irradiation of the individual sea anemone fish can shorten the reproductive interval of the individual sea anemone fish and increase the number of eggs laid by the individual sea anemone fish each time, so that the individual sea anemone fish can produce more eggs in a short period of time. offspring, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the number of reproductive offspring of sea anemone fish.

In the sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention, the visible light can be emitted by an LED light source. In this way, since the electric power consumption of the LED light source is low, it is not easy to affect the temperature of the water body and has an energy-saving effect.

[Picture 1] Histogram of the average spawning interval of spiny-cheeked damselfish under white light, blue light, green light, and red light.

[Picture 2] Histogram showing the average number of eggs laid by spiny-cheeked damselfish under white light, blue light, green light, and red light. If the letters marked on the histogram are different, it means that the difference in the average number of eggs laid reaches a significant level (α=0.05).

In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments of the present invention are cited below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: "Sea anemone according to the present invention""Fish" refers to fish belonging to the subfamily Amphiprioninae , such as Premnas biaculeatus (also known as ruddy anemonefish) belonging to the genus Premnas and those belonging to the genus Premnas. The eye-spotted anemonefish ( Amphirpion ocellaris , also known as the son's anemone fish), the saddle-spotted anemonefish ( Amphirpion polymnus , also known as the saddle-back anemonefish), and the pink anemonefish ( Amphirpion perideraion , also known as coffee) of genus Amphiprion Anemonefish), white-striped anemonefish ( Amphirpion frenatus , also known as red anemonefish) and Amphirpion clarkii (also known as double-banded anemonefish), etc., which are common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. It can be understood and is not limited here.

"Cultivation" as mentioned in the present invention, also known as aquaculture, refers to the breeding and cultivation of freshwater or seawater animals and plants (such as fish, shrimps, oysters, algae and ornamental fish, etc.) in a controlled environment, which is related to fishing. Commercial fishing (commercial fishing) for catching wild fish is the opposite, which can be understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and will not be repeated here.

The "light-dark cycle" mentioned in the present invention refers to the alternating changes between day (light period) and night (dark period). Generally speaking, in the natural environment, the light-dark cycle includes a light period and a dark period that total 24 hours, and due to the tilt of the earth's axis around the plane of revolution around the sun, the change of seasons will be accompanied by periods of light and dark periods. sexual changes. It is known that the periodic changes in the length of the light period and the dark period are related to the flowering timing of plants, and are also related to the gonad development, growth, migration, migration and other behaviors of animals. This can be determined by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. Understand, I won’t go into details here.

"Visible light" as used in the present invention refers to electromagnetic radiation within the electromagnetic spectrum that can be perceived by the human eye. Its wavelength is approximately in the range of 400~700nm, and visible light is between longer wavelengths. Between infrared light and ultraviolet light with shorter wavelength (excluding infrared light and ultraviolet light). Generally speaking, the illuminance ( E v) of visible light can be quantified by photometry. Illuminance refers to the sum of the luminous flux of incident light irradiating the surface per unit surface area. The SI unit is lux. For example, the illumination of full sunlight is about 10,000 lux. This can be understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and will not be described again here.

The "territory" mentioned in the present invention refers to the sociological area in ethology where animals produce persistent antagonistic behavior against conspecific competition, and such animals are said to have "territory" "territoriality", which can be understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and will not be repeated here.

The sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention provides a suitable light-dark cycle for an individual sea anemone fish, that is, the individual sea anemone fish can be alternately exposed to a light environment and a dark environment, and the individual sea anemone fish The total time of exposure to a light environment and a dark environment is 24 hours to quickly increase the number of reproductive offspring of anemone fish.

Specifically, the individual anemone fish is cultured in a water body, and by turning on or off a light source, the individual anemone fish can be exposed to the light environment or the dark environment. For example, water can be filled in various three-dimensional containers to serve as the water body, and since anemone fish is a tropical seawater fish and grows in warm waters with long sunshine all year round, the temperature of the water body can be controlled. The salinity makes the water body a suitable living environment for the individual anemone fish. Furthermore, since anemone fish are territorial, it is preferable to accommodate only one pair of anemone fish species (ie, one male fish and one female fish) in the water body. In this embodiment, a pair of sea anemone fingerlings (brooding pair, including one male and one female) are cultured in a water body with a length of 25~30cm, a width of 60cm, and a height of 45~50cm. The water body The temperature is about 26~30℃, and the salinity is about 20~35‰ During breeding, avoid drastic changes in temperature and salinity to avoid affecting the breeding status of individual anemone fish.

The farmer can turn on the light source to emit visible light to provide the light environment, and after a first predetermined time, turn off the light source to provide the dark environment for a second predetermined time. It is worth noting that, in order to provide the light-dark cycle, the sum of the first predetermined time and the second predetermined time must be 24 hours. For example, the light source can be an LED light source, which consumes low electric power and therefore is not likely to affect the temperature of the water body and has an energy-saving effect. It is worth noting that the lighting environment may be formed by only visible light with a wavelength of 500~570 nm. In other words, as seen by the naked eye, the visible light is green light (with a wavelength approximately between 495~570 nm). Since anemone fish is a tropical seawater fish and grows in warm waters with long sunshine all year round, it is better to control the first predetermined time to be greater than or equal to the second predetermined time, even if the anemone fish individual is exposed to the light environment. Greater than or equal to the time of exposure to the dark environment. In this embodiment, the first predetermined time for the individual sea anemone fish to be exposed to the light environment is 12 to 15 hours, and the second predetermined time to be exposed to the dark environment is 9 to 12 hours.

The illumination of the lighting environment can be 350~450 lux, but the illumination of the visible light emitted by the light source will be inversely proportional to the distance between the illuminated object (that is, the individual anemone fish) and the light source, so it belongs to the technical field A person with ordinary knowledge can adjust the illumination of the visible light emitted by the light source according to the position of the individual sea anemone fish in the water body and the position of the light source, so that the individual sea anemone fish is located in the water body. The illumination of the location (generally located at the bottom of the water body) is between 350 and 450 lux, and the illumination environment can be provided. This is understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field and is not limited here. In this embodiment, the light source is set above the water body so that the illumination of the water surface is approximately between 2,800 and 2,830 lux. At this time, the visible light emitted by the light source will be partially absorbed by the water body. Blocked, the illumination of the position of the individual sea anemone fish in the water body is approximately between 400 and 430 lux. Also, the illumination in the dark environment can be approximately less than 10 lux.

Furthermore, during the breeding period, any anemone fish feed can be fed, such as the meat paste of cephalopods such as squid or squid, mixed with powdered feed such as eel meal, and then mixed with fish oil and algae powder. , vitamin E, etc. are obtained as wet pelleted bait. It can be fed 1 to 3 times a day, each time until full.

In addition, the water body needs to be continuously aerated with air pipes and air stones to bring the dissolved oxygen in the water close to saturation. In order to maintain the quality of the water body, about 50% can be replaced with new water every week.

In order to confirm that the sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention can indeed shorten the reproductive interval and increase the number of eggs laid each time, the spiny-cheeked damselfish ( Premnas biaculeatus ) species were raised in a 75×65×55cm aquarium ( The temperature is 28±1℃, the salinity is 33±1‰), the light cycle is 15 hours of light environment and 9 hours of dark environment (turn on the light source at 2 o'clock every day, and turn off the light source at 17 o'clock), perform the following Test: The white light used in the following tests was emitted by natural light plus a fluorescent tube (East Asia Lighting FH28D-EX/T T5 28 W 6500 K). The blue light, green light and red light were all emitted by LED tubes (ilumagic ComboRay CR- 60) emits blue light with a wavelength of 465~475nm, green light with a wavelength of 500~510nm, and red light with a wavelength of 640~660nm. In addition, in order to confirm that the illumination of the environment of the spiny-cheeked damselfish fish in the aquarium (approximately near the bottom of the tank) was consistent during the experiment, the aforementioned white light, blue light, green light and red light were also measured with an LX-101 illuminance meter. The illumination of the water surface and the bottom of the water is recorded in Table 1.

During the experiment, in order to allow the spiny-cheeked damselfish to be cultured in a lighting environment with only a single specific light source, the outside of the aquarium was completely covered with black plastic cloth and aluminum foil (the aluminum foil was sandwiched between two black plastic sheets) ) to completely block the entry of light other than the test wavelength.

During the experiment, the same pair of spiny-cheeked damselfish fish were used. After one light treatment was performed three times in a row, another light treatment was changed. The spawning date and the number of eggs each time were recorded, and SPSS analysis software was used to conduct single analysis. For factor variation analysis, Tukey's-b(K) test was used to compare the significance of differences between groups, and the significance level was set to α=0.05.

Please refer to Figure 1. The average spawning interval of spiny-cheeked damselfish fish is 14.7±3.1 days under white light, 9.0±1.7 days under blue light, 9.0±1.0 days under green light, and 9.0±1.0 days under red light. The average egg-laying interval under blue light and green light is the shortest, and due to the small standard deviation value, it shows that the egg-laying interval under blue light and green light is relatively stable. In other words, when the light environment is green light or blue light, the time interval between each spawning of the spiny-cheeked damselfish fish is shorter, that is, more fertilized eggs can be produced in a short period of time.

Please also refer to Figure 2. The average number of eggs laid by spiny-cheeked damselfish fish under white light is 1827±198 eggs, under blue light it is 2085±424 eggs, under green light it is 2929±139 eggs, and under red light it is 2929±139 eggs. The average number of eggs laid under green light was 1179±341 days, with the highest number of eggs laid under green light. In other words, when the lighting environment is green light, the spiny-cheeked damselfish fish can produce more fertilized eggs each time.

In summary, in the sea anemone fish breeding method of the present invention, by providing the sea anemone fish with a suitable light-dark cycle, when the sea anemone fish individual is exposed to the light environment, the sea anemone fish is cultivated in a specific wavelength range (500~570nm). )'s visible light irradiates the individual sea anemone fish, which can shorten the reproductive interval of the individual sea anemone fish, and increase the number of eggs each time the individual sea anemone fish lays, so that the individual sea anemone fish can produce larger eggs in a short time. More offspring can achieve the effect of increasing the number of reproductive offspring of anemone fish.

Although the present invention has been disclosed using the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which still falls within the technical scope protected by the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention shall be regarded as the appended application. The scope of the patent shall prevail.

Claims (2)

A sea anemone fish breeding method that improves the spawning efficiency of sea anemone fish, which is to expose an individual sea anemone fish to a light environment of 15 hours and a dark environment of 9 hours, wherein the temperature is 28±1°C The individual sea anemone fish is raised in an aquarium with a salinity of 33±1‰. The light environment is formed by a visible light with a wavelength of 500~510nm. The underwater illumination in the aquarium is 400~430 lux. For example, claim 1 provides a sea anemone fish breeding method that improves sea anemone fish spawning efficiency, wherein the visible light is emitted by an LED light source.

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