TWI802319B - Constant on time converter control circuit and constant on time converter - Google Patents
Constant on time converter control circuit and constant on time converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本申請係有關於一種恆定導通時間轉換器,尤指一種可有效控制的恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路,以增進改善電源電壓以及負載調整率。 The present application relates to a constant on-time converter, especially to an effectively controllable constant on-time converter control circuit to improve power supply voltage and load regulation.
利用恆定導通時間(constant on time,COT)電路的開關轉換器常為開關模式電源供應器所使用。然而,利用恆定導通時間(COT)控制電路來穩定輸出電壓是困難的。 Switching converters using constant on time (COT) circuits are often used in switch mode power supplies. However, it is difficult to stabilize the output voltage with a constant on-time (COT) control circuit.
恆定導通時間(COT)控制電路共同的缺點為暫態響應錯誤對電源電壓訊號和負載調整率訊號產生負面影響。 A common disadvantage of constant on-time (COT) control circuits is that transient response errors negatively affect the supply voltage signal and load regulation signal.
因此,為了克服先前技術之缺憾,改善恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器以有效率且有效地達成電源電壓以及負載調整率是必要的。 Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, it is necessary to improve the constant on-time (COT) converter to efficiently and effectively achieve the power supply voltage and load regulation.
本申請的一目的在於提供一種可有效控制的恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器控制電路,以促進改善電源電壓以及負載調整率。 An object of the present application is to provide an effectively controllable constant on-time (COT) converter control circuit to improve power supply voltage and load regulation.
根據本申請的實施例,本申請提供一種恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器控制電路,其包括一誤差放大器、一電壓電流轉換器以及一初始電流源。 According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a constant on-time (COT) converter control circuit, which includes an error amplifier, a voltage-to-current converter, and an initial current source.
該誤差放大器用以接收一參考電壓訊號以及一回授電壓訊號並輸出一補償電壓訊號。該電壓電流轉換器用以接收該補償電壓訊號並輸出一轉換電流訊號。該初始電流源用以提供一初始電流,該初始電流以及該轉換電流訊號形成一新參考電壓訊號。 The error amplifier is used for receiving a reference voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal and outputting a compensation voltage signal. The voltage-to-current converter is used for receiving the compensation voltage signal and outputting a converted current signal. The initial current source is used to provide an initial current, and the initial current and the converted current signal form a new reference voltage signal.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路更包括一比較器,該比較器用以接收該新參考電壓訊號以及該回授電壓訊號並輸出一控制訊號。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the constant on-time converter control circuit further includes a comparator for receiving the new reference voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal and outputting a control signal .
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該控制訊號影響多個電子開關的開啟以及關閉以產生一恆定導通時間轉換器的輸出電壓訊號。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the control signal effects the opening and closing of a plurality of electronic switches to generate a constant on-time converter output voltage signal.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該比較器包括一關斷時間比較器。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the comparator includes an off-time comparator.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路更包括一總和電阻,該總和電阻與該初始電流源電性連接。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the constant on-time converter control circuit further includes a summing resistor electrically connected to the initial current source.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路更包括一低通濾波器,該低通濾波器與該誤差放大器的一輸入端電性連接。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the constant on-time converter control circuit further includes a low-pass filter electrically connected to an input terminal of the error amplifier.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該低通濾波器包括一濾波電阻以及一濾波電容。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the low pass filter includes a filter resistor and a filter capacitor.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路更包括一補償電容,該補償電容與該誤差放大器的輸出端電性連接。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the constant on-time converter control circuit further includes a compensation capacitor electrically connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier.
在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的一些實施例中,該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路包括一誤差放大器、一電壓電流轉換器、一初始電流源、一恆定導通時間關斷時間比較器、一總和電阻、一低通濾波器以及一補償電容。該誤差放大器用以接收一參考電壓訊號以及一回授電壓訊號並輸出一補償電壓訊號。該電壓電流轉換器用以接收該補償電壓訊號並輸出一轉換電流訊號。該初始電流源用以提供一初始電流訊號,該初始電流訊號與該轉換電流訊號形成一新參考電壓訊號。該恆定導通時間關斷時間比較器用以接收該新參考電壓訊號以及該回授電壓訊號並輸出一控制訊號,其中該控制訊號影響多個電子開關的開啟以及關閉以產生一恆定導通時間轉換器的輸出電壓訊號。該總和電阻與該初始電流源電性連接。該低通濾波器與該誤差放大器的一輸入端電性連接。該補償電容與該誤差放大器的輸出端電性連接。 In some embodiments of the constant on-time converter control circuit, the constant on-time converter control circuit includes an error amplifier, a voltage-to-current converter, an initial current source, a constant on-time off-time comparator, a sum resistor, a low pass filter and a compensation capacitor. The error amplifier is used for receiving a reference voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal and outputting a compensation voltage signal. The voltage-to-current converter is used for receiving the compensation voltage signal and outputting a converted current signal. The initial current source is used to provide an initial current signal, and the initial current signal and the conversion current signal form a new reference voltage signal. The constant on-time off-time comparator is used to receive the new reference voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal and output a control signal, wherein the control signal affects the opening and closing of a plurality of electronic switches to generate a constant on-time converter output voltage signal. The sum resistor is electrically connected to the initial current source. The low-pass filter is electrically connected with an input end of the error amplifier. The compensation capacitor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the error amplifier.
根據本申請的實施例,本申請提供一種恆定導通時間轉換器,其包括一恆定導通時間轉換器電路以及一恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路。該恆定導通時間轉換器電路包括一比較器,該比較器用以接收一新參考電壓訊號以及一回授電壓訊號並輸出一控制訊號,其中該回授電壓訊號由該恆定導通時間轉換器電路內部提供。該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路包括一誤差放大器、一電壓電流轉換器以及一初始電流源。該誤差放大器用以接收一參考電壓訊號以及該回授電壓訊號並輸出一補償電壓訊號。該電壓電流轉換器用以接收該補償電壓 訊號並輸出一轉換電流訊號。該初始電流源用以提供一初始電流訊號,該初始電流訊號以及該轉換電流訊號形成該新參考電壓訊號。 According to an embodiment of the present application, the present application provides a constant on-time converter, which includes a constant on-time converter circuit and a constant on-time converter control circuit. The constant on-time converter circuit includes a comparator for receiving a new reference voltage signal and a feedback voltage signal and outputting a control signal, wherein the feedback voltage signal is provided internally by the constant on-time converter circuit . The constant on-time converter control circuit includes an error amplifier, a voltage-to-current converter and an initial current source. The error amplifier is used for receiving a reference voltage signal and the feedback voltage signal and outputting a compensation voltage signal. The voltage-to-current converter is used to receive the compensation voltage signal and output a switching current signal. The initial current source is used to provide an initial current signal, and the initial current signal and the conversion current signal form the new reference voltage signal.
在本申請的一實施例中,該初始電流源提供該初始電流訊號,該初始電流訊號的值為依據該參考電壓訊號的值乘上一變量並除以該總和電阻的值而得,其中該變量為小於1的正數。 In an embodiment of the present application, the initial current source provides the initial current signal, and the value of the initial current signal is obtained by multiplying the value of the reference voltage signal by a variable and dividing by the value of the sum resistor, wherein the The variable is a positive number less than 1.
在本申請的一實施例中,該變量大於0.5。 In an embodiment of the present application, the variable is greater than 0.5.
100:恆定導通時間轉換器 100: Constant on-time converter
105:比較器 105: Comparator
110:單穩態多諧振盪器 110: Monostable multivibrator
115:非重疊模組 115:Non-overlapping modules
120:位準移位器 120: level shifter
125:第一緩衝器 125: First buffer
130:第二緩衝器 130: Second buffer
135、140:電子開關 135, 140: electronic switch
145:電容 145: capacitance
150:電感器 150: Inductor
155:第一電阻 155: the first resistance
160:第二電阻 160: second resistance
165:第三電阻 165: the third resistor
170:負載電容 170: load capacitance
175:負載 175: load
180:誤差放大器控制器 180: Error Amplifier Controller
190:開啟時間控制電路 190: Turn on the time control circuit
210、220、230、240:輸出電壓 210, 220, 230, 240: output voltage
310、320:暫態響應 310, 320: transient response
400、400A:恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路 400, 400A: constant on-time converter control circuit
405:第三電阻 405: the third resistor
410:第一電阻 410: first resistance
415:第二電阻 415: second resistor
420:第四電阻 420: the fourth resistor
425:第五電阻 425: fifth resistor
430:第一電容 430: the first capacitor
440:誤差放大器 440: Error Amplifier
450:電壓電流轉換器 450:Voltage current converter
460:關斷時間比較器 460: off-time comparator
470:第二電容 470: second capacitor
475:第六電阻 475: The sixth resistor
480:電流源 480: Current source
490:附加電流源 490: Additional current source
600:開啟時間控制電路 600: Turn on the time control circuit
610:電流源 610: current source
615:第三電容 615: the third capacitor
620:第七電阻 620: seventh resistance
625:第八電阻 625: Eighth resistor
630:第九電阻 630: ninth resistance
635:第四電容 635: The fourth capacitor
640:開啟時間比較器 640: Turn on the time comparator
LPF:低通濾波器 LPF: Low Pass Filter
LX:節點 LX: node
PM:脈衝寬度調變 PM: pulse width modulation
VBG:輸入電壓訊號 V BG : Input voltage signal
VDDP:輸入電壓訊號 V DDP : input voltage signal
VIN:輸入電壓 V IN : input voltage
Vout:輸出電壓訊號 Vout: output voltage signal
VREF:參考電壓訊號 V REF : Reference voltage signal
VFB:回授電壓訊號 V FB : feedback voltage signal
VSUM:電壓 V SUM : Voltage
VNREF:新參考電壓訊號 V NREF : new reference voltage signal
圖1為根據本申請的一實施例之具有控制電路的恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器之示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a constant on-time (COT) converter with a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖2A為具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器及不具有該控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的電源電壓調整率的示意圖。 FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of power voltage regulation of a constant on-time converter with a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application and a constant on-time converter without the control circuit.
圖2B為具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器及不具有該控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的負載調整率的示意圖。 2B is a schematic diagram of load regulation of a constant on-time converter with a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application and a constant on-time converter without the control circuit.
圖3A為不具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響應的示意圖。 FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a transient response of a constant on-time converter without a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖3B為具有根據本申請的實施例之誤差放大器控制器的恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的暫態響應的示意圖。 3B is a schematic diagram of the transient response of a constant on-time (COT) converter with an error amplifier controller according to an embodiment of the application.
圖4為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的控制電路的示意圖。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a constant on-time (COT) converter according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖5為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的控制電路的示意圖。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a constant on-time (COT) converter according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖6為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的開啟時間控制電路的示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a turn-on time control circuit of a constant on-time (COT) converter according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖7A為根據本申請的一實施例之具有較長致能時間的暫態響應的波形示意圖。 FIG. 7A is a schematic waveform diagram of a transient response with a longer enabling time according to an embodiment of the present application.
圖7B為根據本申請的一實施例之具有較短致能時間的暫態響應的波形示意圖。 FIG. 7B is a schematic waveform diagram of a transient response with a shorter enabling time according to an embodiment of the present application.
為促進對本申請之目的、特徵、和功效之理解,本申請提供實施例及附圖來詳細說明本申請之揭露內容。 In order to facilitate the understanding of the purpose, features, and effects of the present application, the present application provides embodiments and drawings to describe the disclosed content of the present application in detail.
請參考圖1,圖1為根據本申請一實施例之具有控制電路的恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100的示意圖。
Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a constant on-time (COT)
如圖1所示,該恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100包括一恆定導通時間轉換器電路(如虛線所示)以及一恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路(例如包括一誤差放大器控制器180),該恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100用以提供一輸出電壓訊號Vout至一負載(Load)175。該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路作為一控制電路,其根據一回授電壓訊號VFB以及一參考電壓訊號VBEF提供一新參考訊號,其中該回授電壓訊號VFB由該恆定導通時間轉換器電路內部提供。舉例來說,該恆定導通時間轉換器電路包括一比較器105、一單穩態多諧振盪器(monostable multivibrator,MMV)110、一非重疊模組115、一位準移位器120、多個電子開關(例如:134、140)以及一輸出級。該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路包括一誤差放大器控制器180(如EA控制器所示)。
As shown in FIG. 1 , the constant-on-time (COT)
在一實施例中,該電子開關135、140包括N型金氧半場效電晶體(MOSFET)。在另一實施例中,該電子開關135、140為其他類型的金氧半場效電晶體或其他電子開關。
In one embodiment, the
以下對本申請圖1的實施例的恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100的結構和架構進行詳細說明。
The structure and architecture of the constant on-time (COT)
如圖1所示,該第一電子開關(QN1)135的汲極與一輸入電壓VIN電性耦接。該第二電子開關(QN2)140的源極為接地。該第一電子開關135的源極與該第二電子開關140的汲極連接。
As shown in FIG. 1 , the drain of the first electronic switch (Q N1 ) 135 is electrically coupled to an input voltage V IN . The source of the second electronic switch (Q N2 ) 140 is grounded. The source of the first
該輸出級包括一電感器(L)150、一第一電阻(R1)155、一第二電阻(R2)160、一第三電阻(RESR)165、一負載電容(CL)170。該電感器150的第一端與產生於該第一電子開關135以及該第二電子開關140之間的節點連接。該電感器150的第二端與該第一電阻155的第一端以及該第三電阻165的第一端連接,並提供該輸出電壓訊號Vout至該負載(Load)175。該第一電阻155的第二端與該第二電阻160的第一端連接。該第二電阻160的第二端為接地。該第三電阻165的第二端與該負載電容170的第一端連接。該負載電容170的第二端為接地。
The output stage includes an inductor (L) 150, a first resistor (R 1 ) 155, a second resistor (R 2 ) 160, a third resistor (R ESR ) 165, a load capacitor ( CL ) 170 . A first end of the
於該第一電阻155以及該第二電阻160之間的連接產生的節點與該比較器(cmp)105的負輸入端電性連接,並提供一回授電壓訊號VFB至該比較器105。
The node formed by the connection between the
此回授電壓訊號VFB並被提供至該誤差放大器控制器(EA控制器)180的第二輸入端。一參考電壓訊號VREF提供至該誤差放大器控制器180的第一輸入端。該誤差放大器控制器180的輸出端與該比較器105的正輸入端電性連接。
The feedback voltage signal V FB is provided to the second input terminal of the error amplifier controller (EA controller) 180 . A reference voltage signal V REF is provided to the first input terminal of the
該比較器105的輸出端與該單穩態多諧振盪器(MMV)110的輸入端電性連接,並提供一脈衝寬度調變(PM)訊號至該單穩態多諧振盪器110。
The output terminal of the
該單穩態多諧振盪器110例如為具有R輸入端以及S輸入端兩個輸入端的SR正反器。該比較器105的輸出端可與該單穩態多諧振盪器110的S輸入端連接。一開啟時間控制電路190可與該單穩態多諧振盪器110的R輸入端連接。該單穩態多諧振盪器110包括兩個輸出端,Q輸出端以及輸出端,輸出端為Q輸出端的反相。Q輸出端以及輸出端皆與該非重疊模組115的兩個輸入端電性連接。
The
該非重疊模組115的第一輸出端與該位準移位器120的輸入端連接。該非重疊模組115的第二輸出端與一第二緩衝器130的輸入端連接。該第二緩衝器130的輸出端與該第二電子開關140的閘極電性連接。
The first output terminal of the
一輸入電壓訊號VDDP與一二極體的陽極連接,該二極體的陰極與該位準移位器120的第一端連接。該位準移位器120的第二端與該電感器(L)150的第一端連接。該位準移位器120的輸出端與一第一緩衝器125的輸入端電性連接。該第一緩衝器125的第一端與該位準移位器120的第一端以及該二極體的陰極電性連接。該第一緩衝器125的第二端與該電感器150的第一端以及該位準移位器120的第二端電性連接。該第一緩衝器125的輸出端與該第一電子開關135的閘極電性連接。
An input voltage signal V DDP is connected to the anode of a diode, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the first end of the
一電容(Cboot)145連接於該二極體的陰極以及該電感器150的第一端之間。
A capacitor (C boot ) 145 is connected between the cathode of the diode and the first terminal of the
藉由開啟及關閉該第一電子開關135以及該第二電子開關140,控制該電子開關135、140將該輸入電壓VIN轉換為該輸出電壓訊號Vout。
By turning on and off the first
該第一電子開關135藉由該第一緩衝器125以該位準移位器120的輸出訊號來控制其開啟以及關閉。該第二電子開關藉由該第二緩衝器130以該非重疊模組115的第二輸出端輸出的輸出訊號來控制其開啟及關閉。
The first
該輸出電壓訊號Vout被轉換為該回授電壓訊號VFB,該回授電壓訊號VFB被提供至該比較器105的負輸入端以及該誤差放大器控制器180的該第二端。該誤差放大器控制器180利用該回授電壓訊號VFB的電壓位準以及該參考電壓訊號VREF的電壓位準並輸出一結果至該比較器105的正輸入端。該比較器105比較該回授電壓訊號VFB的電壓位準以及來自該誤差放大器控制電路180的輸出訊號的電壓位準並輸出一脈衝寬度調變(PWM)訊號至該單穩態多諧振盪器110。
The output voltage signal V out is converted into the feedback voltage signal V FB , and the feedback voltage signal V FB is provided to the negative input terminal of the
該單穩態多諧振盪器110利用接收來自該比較器105的訊號產生一訊號以及與該訊號反相的訊號,並將這兩訊號提供至該非重疊模組115。
The
藉此,來自該非重疊模組115的第一輸出訊號控制該位準移位器120以開啟及關閉該第一電子開關135,且來自該非重疊模組115的第二輸出訊號開啟及關閉該第二電子開關140。
Thereby, the first output signal from the
請參考圖2A,圖2A為具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器以及不具有該控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的電源電壓調整率示意圖,其中在一輸出電流為10毫安(mA)時該目標輸出電壓訊號Vout設為1.2伏(V)。請參考圖2B,圖2B為具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器以及不具有該控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的負載調整率示意圖,其中在一輸入電壓訊號為12伏(V)時該目標輸出電壓訊號Vout設為5伏(V)。須提醒的是,圖2A及圖2B為具有控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器(例如圖1所示的恆定導通時間轉換器100)與不具有控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器進行比較的
模擬結果。在模擬中所使用的不具有控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器例如為包括圖1的恆定導通時間轉換器電路(如虛線所示)的恆定導通時間轉換器,但該比較器105的正輸入端在沒有控制電路的情況下直接接收該參考電壓訊號VREF(例如,恆定電壓)。
Please refer to FIG. 2A. FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of the power supply voltage regulation rate of a constant on-time converter with a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application and a constant on-time converter without the control circuit, wherein an output current is 10 The target output voltage signal V out is set to 1.2 volts (V) in mA. Please refer to FIG. 2B. FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of load regulation of a constant on-time converter with a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application and a constant on-time converter without the control circuit, wherein an input voltage signal is 12 When volts (V), the target output voltage signal V out is set to 5 volts (V). It should be reminded that FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are simulation results of comparing a constant on-time converter with a control circuit (such as the constant on-
如圖2A所示,在沒有該控制電路(例如圖1中的180)的情況下,當該輸入電壓(VIN)變動時,該輸出電壓(VOUT)(由220表示)相對於該目標輸入電壓而超過範圍(例如+0.5%至-0.5%之間)(如虛線所示),因此導致較差的電源電壓調整率。在有該控制電路(例如圖1中的180)的情況下,該輸出電壓(VOUT)(由210表示)保持穩定且其電源電壓調整率得到改善。 As shown in FIG. 2A, without the control circuit (such as 180 in FIG. 1), when the input voltage (VIN) fluctuates, the output voltage (VOUT) (represented by 220) relative to the target input voltage And beyond the range (for example, between +0.5% and -0.5%) (as shown by the dotted line), thus resulting in poor supply voltage regulation. With the control circuit (eg, 180 in FIG. 1 ), the output voltage (VOUT) (represented by 210 ) remains stable and its supply voltage regulation is improved.
如圖2B所示,當該輸出電流(IOUT)變動時,在沒有該控制電路(圖1中的180)的情況下,該輸出電壓(VOUT)(由240表示)相對於該目標輸出電壓而在一範圍內(例如+4%至-5.5%之間)(如虛線所示)下降,因此導致較差的負載調整率。在有該控制電路(例如圖1中的180)的情況下,該輸出電壓(VOUT)(由230表示)保持穩定且其負載調整率得到改善。 As shown in FIG. 2B, when the output current (IOUT) fluctuates, without the control circuit (180 in FIG. 1), the output voltage (VOUT) (represented by 240) varies with respect to the target output voltage In a range (eg between +4% and -5.5%) (as shown by the dashed line) it drops, thus resulting in poor load regulation. With the control circuit (eg, 180 in FIG. 1 ), the output voltage (VOUT) (indicated by 230 ) remains stable and its load regulation is improved.
請參考圖3A,圖3A為不具有根據本申請的實施例之控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響應之示意圖,請參考圖3B,圖3B為根據本申請的實施例之具有誤差放大器控制器的恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響應之示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 3A. FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of the transient response of a constant on-time converter without a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 3B. FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of a control circuit with an error amplifier according to an embodiment of the present application. Schematic diagram of the transient response of the constant on-time converter of the controller.
如圖3B所示,具有該控制電路(例如圖1中的180)的該恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響應中的輸出電壓相較於圖3A所示的不具有該控制電路的恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響應(310)可能有下衝波形或下降突波波形(320)。 As shown in FIG. 3B , the output voltage in the transient response of the constant on-time converter with the control circuit (such as 180 in FIG. 1 ) is compared to the constant on-time converter without the control circuit shown in FIG. 3A . The transient response (310) of the converter may have an undershoot waveform or a drop glitch waveform (320).
因此,為了改善該控制電路(例如:圖1中的180)的增加後的暫態響應,根據本申請提出恆定導通時間轉換器的控制電路的實施例以產生新參考電壓訊號VNREF如下。 Therefore, in order to improve the increased transient response of the control circuit (eg, 180 in FIG. 1 ), an embodiment of the control circuit of the constant on-time converter is proposed according to the present application to generate the new reference voltage signal V NREF as follows.
請參考圖4,圖4為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的控制電路(或稱為恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路)的示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a constant on-time (COT) converter (or called a constant on-time converter control circuit) according to an embodiment of the present application.
如圖4所示,用以產生一新參考電壓訊號VNREF的恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路400包括一誤差放大器440(或一誤差放大器級)以及一電壓電流轉換器450。
As shown in FIG. 4 , the constant on-time
該誤差放大器440用以接收一參考電壓訊號VREF以及一回授電壓訊號VFB並輸出一補償電壓訊號。
The
舉例來說,該回授電壓訊號VFB可由一分壓器提供。一輸入電壓訊號VBG提供至一第三電阻(R3)405的第一端。該第三電阻405的第二端與一第一電阻(RTRIM1)410的第一端電性連接。該第一電阻410的第二端與一第二電阻(RTRIM2)415的第一端電性連接。該第二電阻415的第二端與一第四電阻(R4)420的第一端電性連接。因該第一電阻410與該第二電阻415之間的連接所產生的節點與一第五電阻(R5)425的第一端電性連接以提供該參考電壓訊號VREF。
For example, the feedback voltage signal V FB can be provided by a voltage divider. An input voltage signal V BG is provided to a first end of a third resistor (R 3 ) 405 . A second end of the
在誤差放大器級(如虛線所示),該第五電阻425的第二端與該誤差放大器440的第一端連接。一第一電容(C1)430連接於該誤差放大器440的該第一輸入端以及參考接地端之間。該回授電壓訊號VFB提供至該誤差放大器440的第二輸入端。該回授電壓訊號VFB由該恆定導通時間轉換器電路(如圖1的虛線所示)內部提供。
In the error amplifier stage (shown by the dotted line), the second terminal of the
該誤差放大器440的輸出端與該電壓電流轉換器450(例如,基於運算放大器的主動式電壓電流轉換器)的輸入端電性連接。一第二電容(C2)470連接於該誤差放大器440的輸出端以及接地端之間。該電壓電流轉換器450的輸出提供一電流源480以產生電壓VSUM以作為該新參考電壓訊號VNREF。該新參考電壓訊號VNREF提供至一關斷時間比較器460的第二輸入端。一第六電阻(R6)475與該關斷時間比較器460的第二輸入端連接。該回授電壓訊號VFB提供至該關斷時間比較器460的第一輸入端。
The output terminal of the
在操作時,該誤差放大器440、該第五電阻425以及該第一電容430(或該誤差放大器級)偕同運作以提供直流校準。該第二電容470提供一補償功能。
In operation, the
請參考圖4以及圖1,根據本申請的一實施例,圖4的該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路400的輸出為該新參考電壓訊號VNREF,該新參考電壓訊號VNREF用以輸入至圖1的該比較器105的正輸入端。
Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 1 , according to an embodiment of the present application, the output of the constant on-time
在本申請的實施例中,圖4的關斷時間比較器460作為圖1的比較器105的一種實現方式。
In the embodiment of the present application, the off-
請參考圖5,圖5為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的控制電路的示意圖。 Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic diagram of a control circuit of a constant on-time (COT) converter according to an embodiment of the present application.
在圖5所示的本申請之實施例中,相較於圖4,一恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路400A更包括一附加電流源490,該附加電流源490提供一初始電流Iinit至該關斷時間比較器460的第二輸入端以提供電壓VSUM以作為該新參考電壓訊號VNREF。該新參考電壓訊號VNREF基於該電流源480以及該電流源490來決定。在一些實施例中,該電流源490可以一個或多個電流源來實現。
In the embodiment of the present application shown in FIG. 5 , compared with FIG. 4 , a constant on-time
舉例來說,該初始電流的公式為Iinit*R6=變量*VREF,其中R6代表圖5中第六電阻475的阻值,VREF代表提供至該第五電阻425的第一端的該參考電壓訊號。換句話說,該初始電流訊號的電流值可由該參考電壓訊號乘上一變量並除以該總和電阻的電阻值來決定。該變量例如為根據電路需求所選擇的權重值。當該變量越大,將使得切換速度越快或具有更佳的暫態響應。例如,該變量可被選擇為0.9以得到90%的VREF結果。在一些實施例中,該變量可以為小於1的正數,例如0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.91、0.95,以得到同比例的VREF結果。在該恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路的操作期間,該初始電流Iinit始終保持致能且不禁能。
For example, the formula of the initial current is Iinit*R 6 =variable*V REF , wherein R 6 represents the resistance value of the
在圖5的實施例中,相較於圖4,由於該電流源490提供該初始電流Iinit,該誤差放大器440藉由該電壓電流轉換器450提供該電流源480的負載將會減少或由該電流源490來分擔。因此,使用恆定導通時間轉換器控制電路400A的恆定導通時間轉換器的暫態響可以被改善。
In the embodiment of FIG. 5 , compared with FIG. 4 , since the
請參考圖6,圖6為根據本申請的一實施例之恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器的開啟時間控制電路600的示意圖。請參考圖6及圖1,在本申請的一實施例中,圖6的開啟時間控制電路600為圖1的開啟時間控制電路190的一種實現方式,且圖6的開啟時間控制電路600的輸出端與圖1的單穩態多諧振盪器110的R輸入端耦接。
Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a schematic diagram of a turn-on
該開啟時間控制電路600包括一電流源610,該電流源610提供一訊號至一開啟時間比較器640的第二輸入端,其中該電流源610的電流被實現為與該恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100的輸入電壓VIN成比例。因此,該開啟時間將隨著該訊號的增加而減少。
The turn-on
一第七電阻(R7)620的第一端與該輸出級連接,例如與該電感器150連接的節點LX。第七電阻(R7)620的第二端與一第八電阻(R8)625的第一端連接。該第八電阻625的第二端與參考接地端連接。一第九電阻(R9)630的第一端與產生於該第七電阻620以及該第八電阻625之間的節點連接。該第九電阻630的第二端與該開啟時間比較器640的第一輸入端連接。
A first terminal of a seventh resistor (R 7 ) 620 is connected to the output stage, such as node LX connected to the
一第三電容(C3)615連接於該電流源610以及參考接地端之間。一第四電容(C4)635連接於該第九電阻630的第二端以及參考接地端之間。該第九電阻630以及該第四電容635偕同形成一低通濾波器LPF。該低通濾波器LPF輸出至該開啟時間比較器640的第一輸入端的訊號大約等於輸出電壓訊號Vout。
A third capacitor (C 3 ) 615 is connected between the
請參考圖7A,圖7A為根據本申請的一實施例之具有較長致能時間的暫態響應的波形圖,請參考圖7B,圖7B為根據本申請的一實施例之具有較短致能時間的暫態響應的波形圖。 Please refer to FIG. 7A. FIG. 7A is a waveform diagram of a transient response with a longer enabling time according to an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to FIG. 7B. FIG. 7B is a waveform diagram of a transient response with a shorter enabling time according to an embodiment of the present application The waveform diagram of the transient response of energy time.
如圖7A所示,具有較長致能時間的電路暫態響應將在轉換時導致下降突波(或下衝)的產生。如圖7B所示,具有較短致能時間的電路暫態響應在轉換時不會出現下降突波。 As shown in FIG. 7A , a transient response of a circuit with a longer enable time will result in a falling spike (or undershoot) during the transition. As shown in FIG. 7B , the transient response of the circuit with a shorter enable time does not show a drop spike at the time of transition.
在上述實施例中,該恆定導通時間(COT)轉換器100的實施例僅用於說明。當然,本申請的具有轉換器控制電路(如圖5所示)的恆定導通時間轉換器可以根據圖1的恆定導通時間轉換器電路(如虛線所示)或其他恆定導通時間轉換器電路(例如,降壓轉換器)來實現。
In the embodiments described above, the embodiment of the constant on-time (COT)
儘管本申請所揭示內容已藉助特定具體實施例進行說明,但熟習此領域技術者可能對其做出眾多修飾例和變化例,而未悖離諸申請專利範圍內所闡述本申請所揭示內容之範疇與精神。 Although the content disclosed in this application has been described with the help of specific embodiments, those skilled in the art may make many modifications and changes to it without departing from the content disclosed in this application described in the patent scope of the application. scope and spirit.
100:恆定導通時間轉換器 100: Constant on-time converter
105:比較器 105: Comparator
110:單穩態多諧振盪器 110: Monostable multivibrator
115:非重疊模組 115:Non-overlapping modules
120:位準移位器 120: level shifter
125:第一緩衝器 125: First buffer
130:第二緩衝器 130: Second buffer
135、140:電子開關 135, 140: electronic switch
145:電容 145: capacitance
150:電感器 150: Inductor
155:第一電阻 155: the first resistance
160:第二電阻 160: second resistance
165:第三電阻 165: the third resistor
170:負載電容 170: load capacitance
175:負載 175: load
180:誤差放大器控制器 180: Error Amplifier Controller
190:開啟時間控制電路 190: Turn on the time control circuit
LX:節點 LX: node
PM:脈衝寬度調變 PM: pulse width modulation
VDDP:輸入電壓訊號 V DDP : input voltage signal
VIN:輸入電壓 V IN : input voltage
Vout:輸出電壓訊號 Vout: output voltage signal
VREF:參考電壓訊號 V REF : Reference voltage signal
VFB:回授電壓訊號 V FB : feedback voltage signal
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Citations (9)
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