TWI802154B - 鋁電池包裝膜 - Google Patents

鋁電池包裝膜 Download PDF

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TWI802154B
TWI802154B TW110147295A TW110147295A TWI802154B TW I802154 B TWI802154 B TW I802154B TW 110147295 A TW110147295 A TW 110147295A TW 110147295 A TW110147295 A TW 110147295A TW I802154 B TWI802154 B TW I802154B
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packaging film
battery packaging
heat
aluminum battery
layer
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TW110147295A
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TW202325549A (zh
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吳瑞軒
蔡施柏達
蔡智丞
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亞福儲能股份有限公司
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Priority to TW110147295A priority Critical patent/TWI802154B/zh
Priority to US17/978,979 priority patent/US11804632B2/en
Priority to CN202211410097.4A priority patent/CN116266654A/zh
Priority to EP22207735.6A priority patent/EP4199166A1/en
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Publication of TW202325549A publication Critical patent/TW202325549A/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/121—Organic material
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1243—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the internal coating on the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
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    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/145—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/193—Organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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Abstract

一種鋁電池包裝膜，包括熱封層，其中所述熱封層的材料包括改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺或其組合。

Description

鋁電池包裝膜
本發明是有關於一種包裝膜，且特別是有關於一種鋁電池包裝膜。
相較於其他電池(如鋰電池)而言，鋁電池對包裝膜的要求更加嚴苛。進一步來說，由於鋁電池的組成容易使其熱封層在短時間內被電解液腐蝕而溶解，進而導致鋁電池破包漏液，影響鋁電池的安全性與壽命。因此如何設計出一種鋁電池包裝膜，可以提升鋁電池的安全性與壽命實為一種挑戰。
本發明提供一種鋁電池包裝膜，其可以提升鋁電池的安全性與壽命。
本發明的一種鋁電池包裝膜，包括熱封層，其中所述熱封層的材料包括改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺或其組合。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯由結晶型與非結晶型藉由共擠出方式所改性形成。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的熱封層的機械強度至少大於3公斤力。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的熱封層的厚度介於25微米(μm)到150微米之間。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的鋁電池包裝膜被配置以包裝含有酸性電解液的鋁電池。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的熱封層的材料不包括聚丙烯。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的熱封層上依序堆疊第一膠黏劑層、金屬層、第二膠黏劑層以及高分子材料層。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的金屬層的材料為鋁，而高分子材料層的材料為尼龍或聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的高分子材料層的厚度介於10微米到40微米之間。
在本發明的一實施例中，上述的金屬層的厚度介於20微米到60微米之間。
基於上述，本發明的鋁電池包裝膜藉由材料的選擇，選擇具有耐腐蝕特性的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺或其組合去製成熱封層，如此一來，可以改善鋁電池包裝膜的熱封層在電解液中容易腐蝕的問題，降低鋁電池破包漏液的情況發生，因此可以提升鋁電池的安全性與壽命。
為讓本發明的上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。
為了使本發明之內容可以被更容易明瞭，以下特舉實施例作為本發明確實能夠據以實施的範例。為明確說明，許多實務上的細節將在以下敘述中一併說明。然而，應瞭解的是，這些實務上的細節不應用被以限制本發明。也就是說，在本發明部分實施方式中，這些實務上的細節是非必要的。
除非另有定義，本文使用的所有術語(包括技術和科學術語)具有與本發明所屬領域的普通技術人員通常理解的相同的含義。
應當理解，儘管術語”第一”、”第二”、”第三”等在本文中可以用於描述各種元件、部件、區域、層及/或部分，但是這些元件、部件、區域、及/或部分不應受這些術語的限制。這些術語僅用於將一個元件、部件、區域、層或部分與另一個元件、部件、區域、層或部分區分開。因此，下面討論的”第一元件”、”部件”、”區域”、”層”或”部分”可以被稱為第二元件、部件、區域、層或部分而不脫離本文的教導。
圖1是依照本發明的一實施例的一種鋁電池包裝膜的部分剖面示意圖。圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種鋁電池包裝膜的熱封層在不同速度下的機械強度對溫度的結果示意圖。
請參考圖1與圖2，本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100包括熱封層110，其中本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100藉由材料的選擇，選擇具有耐腐蝕特性的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate, PET)、聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate, PC)、聚醯亞胺(Polyimide, PI)或其組合去製成熱封層110，如此一來，可以改善鋁電池包裝膜100的熱封層110在電解液中容易腐蝕的問題，降低鋁電池破包漏液的情況發生，因此可以提升鋁電池的安全性與壽命。進一步而言，由於本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100選擇具有耐腐蝕特性的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺或其組合去製成熱封層110，因此本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100有較高的抗腐蝕性、阻隔性能與熱封性能，使本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100在快速充放電及高循環次數的過程中，能承受住長時間與電解液接觸的情況而不會有破包漏液的現象，進而可以增強鋁電池的使用安全性，並增加使用壽命。
在一些實施例中，由於結晶型的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯的熱封性能不佳，非結晶型的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯的熱封性能較佳，然而，結晶型的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯具有阻隔氧氣跟蒸氣的功用，因此本實施例的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯可以是由結晶型與非結晶型藉由共擠出方式所改性形成，以使本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100可以同時兼具熱封及阻隔氣體的性能，其中結晶型的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯可以為於外層結構，而非結晶型的聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯可以為內層結構，但本發明不限於此，改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯可以使用其他適宜的改性方式所形成。
進一步而言，前述聚碳酸酯與聚醯亞胺可以為不改性材料也可以為改性材料，舉例來說，可以使用適宜的長分子鏈化合物或較高極性官能基對聚碳酸酯進行改性，並利用共擠出方式對聚醯亞胺進行改性使其具有熱封性，但本發明不限於此。
在一些實施例中，由圖2可得，熱封層110在不同的溫度(200~240 oC)與速度(3.8m/min與4m/min)之下可以對應不同的機械強度，因此由圖2可以得到較佳的機械強度範圍，舉例而言，熱封層110的機械強度可以至少大於3公斤力(kgf)，而在此較佳的機械強度下進行膨脹測試一天後無破包漏液的問題產生，但本發明不限於此。在此，圖2是使用改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯材料的熱封層所製成的鋁電池包裝膜，而膨脹測試是將上述鋁電池包裝膜注入電解液後抽真空形成負壓(約-1大氣壓)測試是否可以耐受氣壓變化。進一步而言，上述電解液可以為酸性電解液，因此本實施例的鋁電池包裝膜100可以被配置以包裝含有酸性電解液的鋁電池，但本發明不限於此。
應說明的是，本發明不限制鋁電池包裝膜100包覆的鋁電池(如正極、負極、隔離膜及電解液等)的種類與規格，鋁電池的種類與規格可以是本發明所屬領域的普通技術人員可以依據任何涵蓋包含在隨附申請專利範圍的精神及範圍內的內容所得。
在一些實施例中，熱封層110的厚度介於25微米(μm)到150微米之間，但本發明不限於此，熱封層110的厚度可以依照實際設計上的需求進行調整。
在一些實施例中，由於聚丙烯(polypropylene, PP)的抗腐蝕能力差，因此本實施例的熱封層110的材料不包括聚丙烯，換句話說，本實施例的熱封層110可以藉由改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺等材料去取代抗腐蝕能力差的聚丙烯，以使鋁電池包裝膜100具有較好的抗腐蝕性、阻隔性能與熱封性能，但本發明不限於此。
在一些實施例中，熱封層110上依序堆疊第一膠黏劑層120、金屬層130、第二膠黏劑層140以及高分子材料層150，其中第一膠黏劑層120與第二膠黏劑層140的材料可以為聚氨酯(PU)，金屬層130的材料可以為鋁，而高分子材料層150的材料可以為尼龍或聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯。此外，第一膠黏劑層120的厚度介於1微米到10微米之間，金屬層130的厚度介於20微米到60微米之間，第二膠黏劑層140的厚度介於1微米到10微米之間，而高分子材料層150的厚度介於10微米到40微米之間，但本發明不限於此，第一膠黏劑層120、金屬層130、第二膠黏劑層140以及高分子材料層150的材料與厚度皆可以視實際設計上的需求進行選擇。
以下將使用不同材料的熱封層所製成的鋁電池包裝膜裁切成1公分乘以5公分的尺寸後，置入酸性電解液中，接著分別放在常溫下與80℃的烘箱中進行老化測試，其結果詳如表1所示並得到以下結論：相較於熱封層的材料為聚丙烯而言，於熱封層的材料為改性對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺時可以具有較佳的抗腐蝕性。
表1
熱封層材料 常溫 80℃
改性對苯二甲酸乙二酯 120天以上無腐蝕 60天(腐蝕)
聚碳酸酯 120天以上無腐蝕 40天(腐蝕)
聚醯亞胺 30天以上無腐蝕 30天以上無腐蝕
聚丙烯 5天溶解 3天溶解
綜上所述，由於本發明的鋁電池包裝膜選擇具有耐腐蝕特性的改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯、聚醯亞胺或其組合去製成熱封層，因此本發明的鋁電池包裝膜有較高的抗腐蝕性、阻隔性能、熱封性能，使本發明的鋁電池包裝膜在快速充放電及高循環次數的過程中，能承受住長時間與電解液接觸的情況而不會有破包漏液的現象，進而可以增強鋁電池的使用安全性，並增加使用壽命。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
100:鋁電池包裝膜 110:熱封層 120:第一膠黏劑層 130:金屬層 140:第二膠黏劑層 150:高分子材料層
圖1是依照本發明的一實施例的一種鋁電池包裝膜的部分剖面示意圖。 圖2是依照本發明的一實施例的一種鋁電池包裝膜的熱封層在不同速度下的機械強度對溫度的結果示意圖。
100:鋁電池包裝膜
110:熱封層
120:第一膠黏劑層
130:金屬層
140:第二膠黏劑層
150:高分子材料層

Claims (9)

  1. 一種鋁電池包裝膜，包括：熱封層，其中所述熱封層的材料包括改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚碳酸酯或其組合，且所述改性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯由結晶型與非結晶型藉由共擠出方式所改性形成。
  2. 如請求項1所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述熱封層的機械強度至少大於3公斤力。
  3. 如請求項1所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述熱封層的厚度介於25微米到150微米之間。
  4. 如請求項1所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述鋁電池包裝膜被配置以包裝含有酸性電解液的鋁電池。
  5. 如請求項1所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述熱封層的材料不包括聚丙烯。
  6. 如請求項1所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述熱封層上依序堆疊第一膠黏劑層、金屬層、第二膠黏劑層以及高分子材料層。
  7. 如請求項6所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述金屬層的材料為鋁，而所述高分子材料層的材料為尼龍或聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯。
  8. 如請求項6所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述高分子材料層的厚度介於10微米到40微米之間。
  9. 如請求項6所述的鋁電池包裝膜，其中所述金屬層的厚度介於20微米到60微米之間。
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CN210047167U (zh) * 2018-12-21 2020-02-11 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 一种锂电池包装用铝塑膜

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