TWI798950B - Production systems, workstation and plates in cellular production mode - Google Patents
Production systems, workstation and plates in cellular production mode Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明是有關於一種工作站,且特別是有關於一種在細胞生產模式下的工作站。 The present invention relates to a workstation, and in particular to a workstation in cell production mode.
為了符合現今的少量多樣的產品生產模式,細胞生產(cellular production/Cellular Manufacturing)概念被提出並已行之有年。細胞生產是將生產產品的所需的機器設備佈置在一個單元(cell)。如此一來,可降低商品的搬運距離以及減少搬運動作,同時可縮短生產的週期時間,並降低半成品庫存,而可做到少量和多樣化的生產。 In order to comply with today's production mode of a small amount of various products, the concept of cellular production (cellular production/Cellular Manufacturing) has been proposed and has been practiced for many years. Cell production is the arrangement of the machinery and equipment required for the production of products in one unit (cell). In this way, the transportation distance and movement of goods can be reduced, and at the same time, the cycle time of production can be shortened, and the inventory of semi-finished products can be reduced, so that a small amount and diversified production can be achieved.
現有細胞生產主要有兩種模式。一種是人工搭配運輸線模式,其缺點在於輸送線是以固定速度運轉,無法針對每一個工位的生產速度進行調節。因此,需要設置大量的緩衝區來調節生產節奏。此外,原物料或是半成品均使用人力在細胞之間傳遞時,無法確保半成品在傳遞時不會影響到產品的質量。再來是,架設輸送線後若要更改生產模式,則需要花費較大人力及時間進 行部署。且輸送線需要佔用較大的生產空間,因此工廠空間利用率較低。 There are two main modes of existing cell production. One is the mode of manually matching the transport line. The disadvantage is that the transport line runs at a fixed speed and cannot be adjusted for the production speed of each station. Therefore, it is necessary to set a large number of buffers to adjust the production rhythm. In addition, when raw materials or semi-finished products are transferred between cells by manpower, it is impossible to ensure that the semi-finished products will not affect the quality of the product during transfer. Furthermore, if you want to change the production mode after the conveyor line is erected, it will take a lot of manpower and time to carry out to deploy. And the conveyor line needs to occupy a large production space, so the factory space utilization rate is low.
另一種是全人工運作模式,其缺點在於每個工位的生產時間無法有效控制,且全人工組裝及材料傳遞無法穩定控制生產品質。另外,生產時間無法精準控制導致備料較困難,因此倉庫需要提前備下庫存而導致生產成本上升。 The other is the fully manual operation mode. The disadvantage is that the production time of each station cannot be effectively controlled, and the production quality cannot be stably controlled by fully manual assembly and material transfer. In addition, the inability to accurately control the production time makes it difficult to prepare materials, so the warehouse needs to prepare inventory in advance, resulting in an increase in production costs.
因此,需要提出一種解決方案,以克服上述問題。 Therefore, a solution needs to be proposed to overcome the above-mentioned problems.
本發明提供一種細胞生產模式下的生產系統、工作站以及平板,可兼顧使用彈性、空間利用率、生產效率以及商品品質。 The invention provides a production system, a workstation and a flat panel in a cell production mode, which can take into account flexibility in use, space utilization, production efficiency and product quality.
本發明的平板適用於細胞生產模式。平板包括識別件,識別件設置於平板的第一側。其中,識別件的資訊被讀出以獲知平板的類型資訊以及導引方向資訊。 The plates of the invention are suitable for use in cell production formats. The tablet includes identification parts, and the identification parts are arranged on the first side of the tablet. Wherein, the information of the identification part is read out to obtain the type information and the guiding direction information of the tablet.
本發明的工作站適用於細胞生產模式。工作站包括多個第一平板以及多個第一識別件。多個第一平板透過可拆卸式拼接以形成第一工作平台。多個第一識別件分別設置於多個第一平板的第一側,用以提供行駛於第一工作平台的搬運車進行識別,使搬運車獲知所在第一平板的類型資訊。 The workstation of the present invention is suitable for cell production mode. The workstation includes a plurality of first plates and a plurality of first identification parts. A plurality of first plates are detachably spliced to form a first working platform. A plurality of first identification parts are respectively arranged on the first sides of the plurality of first flat panels, and are used to identify the transport vehicle driving on the first working platform, so that the transport vehicle can know the type information of the first flat plate on which the transport vehicle is located.
本發明的細胞生產模式下的生產系統包括前述工作站、至少一搬運車、調度裝置以及運算裝置。前述至少一搬運車被驅 動以行駛於第一工作平台,並通過識別所在第一平板的第一識別件以獲取識別碼。調度裝置用以依據任務流程向前述至少一搬運車下達運行指令,並監控前述至少一搬運車的運行狀態。其中,調度裝置依據前述至少一搬運車回傳的識別碼獲知前述至少一搬運車於第一工作平台的位置資訊、前述至少一搬運車所在平板的類型資訊以及導引方向資訊。運算裝置用以優化任務流程。 The production system in the cell production mode of the present invention includes the aforementioned workstation, at least one transfer vehicle, a scheduling device and a computing device. The aforementioned at least one truck is driven Move to travel on the first working platform, and obtain the identification code by identifying the first identification part of the first platform where it is located. The dispatching device is used to issue operation instructions to the at least one transport vehicle according to the task flow, and monitor the operation status of the at least one transport vehicle. Wherein, the scheduling device obtains the position information of the at least one transport vehicle on the first working platform, the type information of the platform on which the at least one transport vehicle is located, and the guiding direction information according to the identification code returned by the at least one transport vehicle. The computing device is used to optimize the task flow.
基於上述,工作平台可迅速地重新拼接,不需花費過多人力及時間即可完成生產品項或模式的更改而極具彈性。另外,工作站不需設置大量的緩衝區,因此可依據每一個工位作業速度來調節生產速度,進而可達到確保商品質量、提高空間利用率、降低生產成本等功效。 Based on the above, the working platform can be quickly reassembled, and the change of production items or models can be completed without spending too much manpower and time, which is extremely flexible. In addition, the workstation does not need to set up a large number of buffer zones, so the production speed can be adjusted according to the operation speed of each station, thereby achieving the effects of ensuring product quality, improving space utilization, and reducing production costs.
1:生產系統 1: Production system
100:工廠 100: factory
110:搬運車 110: Transporter
111:商品 111:Commodity
112:凹槽 112: Groove
120、120_1~120_7:工作平台 120, 120_1~120_7: working platform
121:平板 121: tablet
121b:擋板類型平板 121b: Baffle Type Flat
121c:充電類型平板 121c: charging type tablet
121d:單向運行平板 121d: One-way run flat
121e:升降類型平板 121e: Lifting type flat plate
121s:標準類型平板 121s: Standard Type Flat Panel
121t:儲位類型平板 121t: Storage type flat plate
121u:雙向運行平板 121u: Two-way running tablet
121w、121w’:作業類型平板 121w, 121w’: job type tablet
1211、1211_1~1211_4:缺口部 1211, 1211_1~1211_4: Notches
122:識別件 122: Identification piece
122a:起始識別件 122a: initial identification
122b:中繼識別件 122b: relay identification
122c:目標識別件 122c: target identification
123:通道 123: channel
125:孔洞 125: hole
126:充電裝置 126: charging device
127:電極對 127: electrode pair
128:儲物箱支撐架 128: storage box support frame
129:擋板 129: Baffle
130:顯示裝置 130: display device
140:機械臂 140: Mechanical arm
200:調度裝置 200: scheduling device
300:原料倉 300: raw material warehouse
400:成品倉 400: finished product warehouse
500:運算裝置 500: computing device
501、502:塊 501, 502: block
A:頂升件 A: Jacking parts
D1、D2:方向 D1, D2: direction
P:夾具 P: fixture
p1、p2:夾件 p1, p2: clips
圖1為本發明一實施例的生產系統的架構示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a production system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為本發明一實施例的工廠的運作示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the factory according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明一實施例的工作平台的運作示意圖。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖4為本發明一實施例的搬運車的行進路線示意圖。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the traveling route of the transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖5為本發明一實施例的連結工作平台的通道的示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a channel connecting a working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖6為本發明一實施例的調度裝置的控制介面的示意圖。 FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control interface of a scheduling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖7A與7B為本發明一實施例的搬運車的外觀示意圖。 7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of the appearance of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖8為本發明一實施例的標準類型平板的俯視示意圖。 Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a standard type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖9為本發明一實施例的充電類型平板的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a charging tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖10A為本發明一實施例的作業類型平板的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 10A is a schematic top view of an operation-type tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖10B為本發明另一實施例的作業類型平板的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 10B is a schematic top view of an operation-type tablet according to another embodiment of the present invention.
圖11A為本發明一實施例的單向運行平板的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 11A is a schematic top view of a unidirectional running flat plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖11B為本發明一實施例的雙向運行平板的俯視示意圖。 Fig. 11B is a schematic top view of a two-way running tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖12為本發明一實施例的擋板類型平板121b的側視示意圖。
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of a baffle-
圖13為本發明一實施例的升降類型平板的俯視示意圖。 Fig. 13 is a schematic top view of a lifting type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖14為本發明一實施例的儲位類型平板的俯視示意圖。 FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of a storage type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖15~17為本發明一實施例的工作平台的俯視示意圖。 15-17 are schematic top views of a working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖18為本發明一實施例的雙層工作平台的示意圖。 Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a double-layer working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖1為本發明一實施例的生產系統的架構示意圖。請見圖1,生產系統1包括工廠100、多個搬運車110、調度裝置200、原料倉300、成品倉400以及運算裝置500。工廠100是採細胞生產模式。多個搬運車110將原料倉300中的原料運送至工廠100,並將生產出的成品運往成品倉400存放。調度裝置200以無線方式連接多個搬運車110,以依據任務流程來驅動及調度多個搬運車110,並監控多個搬運車110的運行狀態。調度系統200並與工廠100、原料倉300以及成品倉400連線,以獲知工
廠100的運作狀態、原料儲存狀態以及成品儲存狀態。運算裝置500與調度裝置200連線,以優化前述任務流程。舉例來說,在任務流程中,搬運車110從一個工位走到另一個工位的時間被設定為3秒。然而,經過幾週的實際運行後,運算裝置500可計算出上述時間最佳為3.5秒,並依計算結果對任務流程的各參數進行調整。
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a production system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 , the
圖2為本發明一實施例的工廠的運作示意圖。請見圖2,工廠的工作站包括多個工作平台120,且相鄰兩個工作平台120之間以平板進行跨接。多個搬運車110受調度以將原料從原料倉取出並載送至工廠100,並可行駛於地面及工作平台120上。在本實施例中,原料由搬運車110運往員工附近的地面放置,以方便員工拿取,然而本發明不限於此。在另一實施例中,原料可直接由搬運車110送至員工面前的平板。其中,多個搬運車110可透過包含升降裝置的升降類型平板121e從地面移至工作平台120的檯面上,並受調度以將原料或半成品運送至員工面前進行組裝,以及將組裝好的成品運送至成品倉400存放。
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the factory according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 2 , the work station of the factory includes a plurality of
圖3為本發明一實施例的工作平台的運作示意圖。請同時參見圖1與圖3,多個平板121透過可拆卸式拼接以形成工作平台120。並且,相鄰兩個工作平台120之間亦透過平板121構成的通道123來連接。機械臂(圖未示)或顯示裝置130可架設於平板121上。每個平板121的第一側皆設有識別件122。搬運車110可通過識別識別件122來獲知所在平板121的類型資訊、
位置資訊以及導引方向資訊。
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 at the same time, a plurality of
具體來說,各平板121的識別件122用以記載一編號(識別碼),且各識別件122的編號彼此不同。識別件122可以是二維碼(QR code)或其他形態的標示或符號(例如磁條、磁點)。調度裝置200記錄有各識別件122的編號,以及對應的類型資訊與導引方向資訊。搬運車110行駛到識別件122上方時可將識別出的編號傳送至調度裝置200,並通過調度裝置200的回傳資訊以獲知該識別件122所在平板的類別資訊、位置資訊以及導引方向資訊。如此一來,調度裝置200可以通過搬運車110傳送的識別件122的編號獲知該搬運車110位置,並依據該位置對該搬運車110下達運行指令。當要變更平板121的類型資訊時,不需要實際變動該平板121的識別件122,僅需在調度裝置200修改識別件122的編號所對應的類別資訊即可。
Specifically, the
此外,工廠100的地面也設有識別件122,且各識別件122所載編號皆不相同。識別件122可以是二維碼(QR code)或其他形態的標示或符號。搬運車110行駛到識別件122上方時可將識別出的編號傳送至調度裝置200。如此一來,調度裝置200可以通過搬運車110傳送的識別件122的編號獲知該搬運車110位置,並依據該位置對該搬運車110下達運行指令。
In addition,
在圖3中,搬運車110載有商品111(半成品),並受調度裝置200調度以移動至員工面前(即指定編號的識別件122所在的平板)。員工可直接對搬運車110上的商品111進行組裝。
待組裝完閉後,搬運車110將商品111載往下一個指定位置。
In FIG. 3 , the
圖4為本發明一實施例的搬運車的行進路線示意圖。請同時參見圖3與圖4,在預設狀況下,搬運車110受調度裝置200調度以依據預設行進路線,從起始識別件122a行進到中繼識別件122b。接著,搬運車110依據預設行進路線轉向,並從中繼識別件122b行進到目標識別件122c(請見圖4中的實線行徑路線)。然而,本發明不以此行進方式為限。在另一實施例中,搬運車110可調度裝置200可依據現實際狀況對預設行進路線進行調整以產生調整後行進路線。搬運車110受調度裝置200調度以依據調整後行進路線,從起始識別件122a直接行進到目標識別件122c(請見圖4中的虛線行徑路線)。其中,預設行進路線與調整後行進路線可以是在工作平台120上或地面上。調整後行進路線可以是直線或曲線。
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the traveling route of the transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 at the same time. In a preset situation, the
圖5為本發明一實施例的連結工作平台的通道的示意圖。請見圖5,平板121被架設以從工作平台120延伸而出並形成通道123。通道123兩側亦可安排員工或設置例如機械臂140對商品111進行組裝。
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a channel connecting a working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5 , the
圖6為本發明一實施例的調度裝置的控制介面的示意圖。通過調度裝置的控制介面,多個搬運車的運行狀態被可視化。請見圖6,塊501表示位於地面或工作平台120上的識別件122。塊502表示搬運車110,塊502中間的號碼為該搬運車110的編號。當搬運車110實際在場上移動時,畫面中代表該搬運車
110的塊502也會隨著移動。各搬運車110的運行狀態以及剩餘電量則呈現於畫面右方。
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a control interface of a scheduling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Through the control interface of the scheduling device, the running status of multiple transport vehicles is visualized. Referring to FIG. 6 , block 501 represents the
圖7A與7B為本發明一實施例的搬運車的外觀示意圖。搬運車110為自動導引車(Automated Guided Vehicle,AGV),其導航方式可包括標記(如二維碼)導引、電磁感應導引、磁帶導引、雷射制導以及視覺導航中至少一種。請見圖7A,搬運車110載有商品111。在其他實施例中,搬運車110也可以是其他利於通行的尺寸。搬運車110可被控制以前進、後退以及原地迴轉。並且,搬運車110還具有頂升功能,可在進入儲物箱的下方空間時,將儲物箱頂高以便搬運儲物箱。圖7B即為搬運車110載運儲物箱的示意圖。搬運車110的尺寸需與儲物箱的下方空間的大小相配合。在本實施例中,儲物箱的材質可以是塑膠,並且其尺寸可以是60cm×41cm,高度可為30cm。搬運車110的尺寸可以是30cm×30cm,其高度可為9cm。然而,本發明不以此為限。在其他實施例中,儲物箱與搬運車110也可以是其他尺寸。
7A and 7B are schematic diagrams of the appearance of a transport vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The
下面將對多種不同類型的平板進行說明。除通道類型平板之外,其他各類型的平板的尺寸皆一致以便於拼接為工作平台120。在一實施例中,平板的尺寸為54cm×54cm。並且,平板被架高以使其高度為82cm,是適合進行一般組裝作業的高度。在另一實施例中,同尺寸的平板被架高以使其高度為92cm,是適合進行精密組裝作業的高度。
A number of different types of plates are described below. Except for the channel type flat board, the sizes of other types of flat boards are all the same so as to be spliced into the working
圖8為本發明一實施例的標準類型平板的俯視示意圖。
請見圖8,標準類型平板121s的長度與寬度都是54cm。標準類型平板121s的四個角落區域皆有缺口部(1211_1~1211_4)。缺口部1211_1~1211_4的長度與寬度皆為5cm。缺口部1211_1與缺口部1211_3的距離為62.2cm。當多個平板121拼裝在一起時,缺口部1211_1~1211_4可匯集在一起並形成可安裝操作裝置的空間。前述操作裝置可以是顯示裝置(請見圖3)、機械臂或其他類型的操作設備。標準類型平板121s的各缺口部1211附近設有多個孔洞125,以容納拼接件(例如螺絲)。
Fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a standard type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Please see Fig. 8, the length and width of the standard type
圖9為本發明一實施例的充電類型平板的俯視示意圖。請見圖9,充電類型平板121c的長度與寬度都是54cm。充電類型平板121c包括缺口部1211、多個孔洞125、充電裝置126以及電極對127。缺口部1211與孔洞125的說明可參酌圖8實施例,於此不再贅述。充電裝置126設置在充電類型平板121c的第二側(以虛線表示),尺寸為26cm×14cm,用以提供充電電源。電極對127耦接充電裝置126,設置在充電類型平板121c的第一側的邊緣。並且,電極對127彼此距離3.55cm,與充電類型平板121c的兩側距離25.225cm。電極對127用以通過前述充電電源以對搬運車110進行充電。
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a charging tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9, the length and width of the
圖10A為本發明一實施例的作業類型平板的俯視示意圖。請見圖10A,作業類型平板121w的長度與寬度都是54cm。作業類型平板121w包括缺口部1211、多個孔洞125、夾具P以及控制器C。缺口部1211與孔洞125的說明可參酌圖8實施
例,於此不再贅述。夾具P設置於作業類型平板121w的第一側,其包含夾件p1與p2。控制器C設置於作業類型平板121w的第二側,並電性耦接夾具P,以控制夾件p1與p2朝作業類型平板121w的中央進行移動。其中,控制器C可以是可程式化邏輯控制器(programmable logic controller,PLC)或其他類似裝置。圖3中員工前面的平板121即為作業類型平板121w。當搬運車110移動至作業類型平板121w上時,調度裝置200指示控制器C向作業類型平板121w中央靠攏,以將搬運車110固定在作業類型平板121w中央,方便員工對商品進行作業。作業內容包括但不限於打磨、鎖附螺絲、組裝、測試以及包裝。
FIG. 10A is a schematic top view of an operation-type tablet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please see Fig. 10A, the length and width of the operation type
圖10B為本發明另一實施例的作業類型平板的俯視示意圖。圖10B與圖10A的架構相似,其差異僅在於圖10B的作業類型平板不是靠夾具而是靠著頂升件A來固定搬運車110。請見圖10B,搬運車110的底部有一凹槽112。當搬運車110移動到作業類型平板121w’上時,頂升件A由控制器(未示出)驅動以突出於作業類型平板121w’的第一側所形成的平面。頂升件A可為一柱體,且與搬運車110的凹槽112相匹配。透過將頂升件A插入搬運車110的凹槽112,可將搬運車110固定在作業類型平板121w’上,方便員工對搬運車110上的商品進行作業。進一步地,頂升件A被設置於作業類型平板121w’的中央,且識別件被設置於頂升件A的頂端。當頂升件A未被驅動而升起時,其頂端高度與作業類型平板121w’的第一側所形成的平面齊平。當搬
運車110移動到識別件位置時,頂升件A升起以將搬運車110固定在作業類型平板121w’的第一側的中央位置。需說明的是,雖然圖10B分別以圓形以及方形來示意頂升件A與凹槽112的俯視外型,但本發明不以此為限。在實際運用時,頂升件A與搬運車110的凹槽112可以是任意形狀,兩者僅需能夠相互匹配即可。
FIG. 10B is a schematic top view of an operation-type tablet according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10B is similar to the structure of FIG. 10A , the only difference is that the operation type flat plate in FIG. 10B is not fixed by a clamp but by a jacking member A to fix the
圖11A為本發明一實施例的單向運行平板的俯視示意圖。單向運行平板121d的尺寸為54cm×46cm,其角落設有多個孔洞125。搬運車110於單向運行平板121d上僅被允許朝方向D1移動,此導引方向資訊由調度裝置200設定並通知搬運車110。圖11B為本發明一實施例的雙向運行平板的俯視示意圖。雙向運行平板121u的尺寸為54cm×98cm,其角落設有多個孔洞125。搬運車110於雙向運行平板121u被允許雙向移動(方向D1與D2),此導引方向資訊由調度裝置200設定並通知搬運車110。
FIG. 11A is a schematic top view of a unidirectional running flat plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The size of the one-
圖12為本發明一實施例的擋板類型平板121b的側視示意圖。請見圖12,擋板類型平板121b的第一側邊緣上設置有多個孔洞125,以提供一擋板129(虛線標示)透過連接件鎖固於擋板類型平板121b的第一側邊緣。其中,擋板129經鎖固後高出擋板類型平板121b的第一側例如5cm高度。在其他實施例中,也可依據實際需求來設計擋板129高度。擋板類型平板121b通常為工作平台120的邊緣板塊,擋板129的設置可避免搬運車110從工作平台120邊緣掉落。
FIG. 12 is a schematic side view of a baffle-
圖13為本發明一實施例的升降類型平板的俯視示意圖。請見圖13,升降裝置(圖未示)與升降類型平板121e連接。其中,升降裝置包括但不限於電力拖動裝置、電氣控制裝置、曳引裝置、導向系統(包括導軌即升降螺桿)以及重量平衡裝置。升降裝置受調度裝置200控制以帶動升降類型平板121e延垂直方向移動。搬運車110可通過升降類型平板121e往返於工作平台120與地面之間。搬運車110的尺寸為30cm×30cm,可行駛於寬45cm的車道上。
Fig. 13 is a schematic top view of a lifting type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please see Fig. 13, the lifting device (not shown) is connected with the lifting type
圖14為本發明一實施例的儲位類型平板的俯視示意圖。請見圖14,類似地,儲位類型平板121t也具有多個孔洞125與多個缺口部1211。儲位類型平板121t的第一側還設置有儲物箱支撐架128。儲物箱支撐架128可將儲物箱底部架高,以形成一下方空間。搬運車110可進入前述下方空間,並透過頂升裝置將儲物箱頂起後移走。儲物箱用以存放商品111的原料、半成品、成品活其他工作所需物品(通稱為工件)。
FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of a storage type flat panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 14 , similarly, the
需說明的是,為了使圖面簡潔,上述各類平板的第一側的識別件並未繪示出來。另外,平板121與平板121之間可透過將拼接件(例如螺絲)裝入該些孔洞中以使其拼接在一起。在其他實施例中,也可透過卡合的方式將多個平板121拼接在一起。
It should be noted that, in order to make the drawing simple, the identification parts on the first sides of the above-mentioned various flat panels are not shown. In addition, the
圖15~17為本發明一實施例的工作平台的俯視示意圖。圖15~17中的箭頭代表搬運車110的允許行進方向(即導引方向資訊,對應於識別件122的編號並可由調度裝置200定義)。需
說明的是,圖15~17所示作業類型平板121w也可以是作業類型平板121w’,但為方便起見,下面僅以作業類型平板121w來進行描述。請見圖15,工作平台120_1包括4個作業類型平板121w以及5個標準類型平板121s。其中一個作業類型平板121w同時為擋板類型平板121b,一擋板129被設置於該個作業類型平板121w的第一側邊緣,以防止搬運車110掉落。工作平台120_2包括2個作業類型平板121w以及一個標準類型平板121s。工作平台120_1與工作平台120_2之間通過雙向運行平板121u來連接。並且雙向運行平板121u的一側設置有升降類型平板121e,受升降裝置牽動以將搬運車110延垂直方向移動。
15-17 are schematic top views of a working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. The arrows in FIGS. 15-17 represent the allowed traveling direction of the transport vehicle 110 (ie, the guiding direction information, which corresponds to the number of the
請見圖16,工作平台120_3包括2個作業類型平板121w、2個標準類型平板121s、1個充電類型平板121c以及1個升降類型平板121e。工作平台120_4包括3個作業類型平板121w、2個標準類型平板121s以及1個升降類型平板121e。工作平台120_3與工作平台120_4之間通過單向運行平板121d來連接。
Please refer to FIG. 16 , the working platform 120_3 includes 2 working type
請見圖17,工作平台120_5包括6個儲位類型平板121t、6個標準類型平板121s、2個升降類型平板121e以及1個作業類型平板121w。
Please refer to FIG. 17 , the working platform 120_5 includes 6 storage-type
圖18為本發明一實施例的立體工作平台的示意圖。請見圖18,工作平台120_7搭建於工作平台120_6之上使整體為一雙層架構。在本實施例中,工作平台120_6包括多個作業類型平
板121w(或作業類型平板121w’)以及多個標準類型平板121s。員工主要於工作平台120_6進行組裝作業。工作平台120_7可如圖17所示,由多個儲位類型平板121t、多個標準類型平板121s以及至少1個升降類型平板121e組成。工作平台120_6與工作平台120_7的各平板121的第一側均設置有識別件122,且由支撐架架高。工作平台120_6與工作平台120_7的基本架構與前面所述相同,於此不再贅述。搬運車110可行駛於工作平台120_6與工作平台120_7上,並透過升降類型平板121e往返於工作平台120_7、工作平台120_6以及地面。工作平台120_7的儲位類型平板121t上的儲物箱可就近存放員工於工作平台120_6作業所需的原料、所產生的成品以及其他類型工件,進而增進工作效率。在另一實施例中,雙層型太的工作站的上層工作平台可包含一或多個作業類型平板121w(或作業類型平板121w’),並且分別設置有自動操作設備(如機械臂)。在另一實施例中,雙層型太的工作站的上層工作平台亦可安排員工進行作業。
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional working platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please see FIG. 18 , the working platform 120_7 is built on the working platform 120_6 so that the whole is a two-layer structure. In this embodiment, the work platform 120_6 includes multiple job
綜上所述,本發明的工作平台可由多個平板可拆卸地拼接而成,且各平板的第一側設置有識別件。工作平台可迅速地重新拼接,並透過調度裝置選則要更換的生產模式以及變更各識別件編號所對應的資訊。事實上,不同品項的生產模式以及對應的各類型平板的佈屬方式可事先於調度裝置進行定義。因此,不需花費過多人力及時間即可完成生產品項或產線的更改,且此拼接 模式極具彈性。 To sum up, the working platform of the present invention can be detachably spliced by a plurality of flat plates, and the first side of each flat plate is provided with an identification piece. The working platform can be quickly reassembled, and the production mode to be replaced can be selected through the dispatching device, and the information corresponding to each identification part number can be changed. In fact, the production modes of different items and the corresponding distribution methods of various types of flat panels can be defined in advance in the scheduling device. Therefore, the change of production items or production lines can be completed without spending too much manpower and time, and this splicing Patterns are extremely flexible.
另外,由於工作站並未設置傳輸線,因此不需設置大量的緩衝區,可使工廠空間利用率提高。並且,搬運車都是受調度裝置調度,可對每一個工位的生產速度進行調節。另外,所有傳遞作業皆是由搬運車來進行,安全又快速,且在傳遞時不會影響到商品品質。由於整體效能提升,生產時間可被精準控制,使備料量容易估算,而可降低生產成本。 In addition, since the workstation is not equipped with transmission lines, there is no need to set up a large number of buffers, which can improve the utilization rate of factory space. Moreover, the transport vehicles are all dispatched by the dispatching device, which can adjust the production speed of each station. In addition, all transfer operations are carried out by transport vehicles, which is safe and fast, and will not affect the quality of products during transfer. Due to the improvement of the overall efficiency, the production time can be precisely controlled, making it easy to estimate the amount of material preparation, which can reduce the production cost.
另外,同一個工作站可同時生產類似的商品(如不同型號的掃地機器人)。對於相同的組裝步驟,可皆由同個員工或設備於一作業類型平板進行操作。舉例來說,。如此一來,可在生產更多樣的商品的同時,使空間利用率大幅提升且降低需求人力。 In addition, the same workstation can produce similar products (such as different models of sweeping robots) at the same time. For the same assembly steps, the same staff or equipment can all be operated on the same type of work plate. for example,. In this way, while producing more varieties of goods, the space utilization rate can be greatly improved and the required manpower can be reduced.
110:搬運車 110: Transporter
111:商品 111:Commodity
120:工作平台 120: Working platform
121:平板 121: tablet
122:識別件 122: Identification piece
123:通道 123: channel
130:顯示裝置 130: display device
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