TWI797146B - Terminal device, roadside device, communication system, and communication method - Google Patents
Terminal device, roadside device, communication system, and communication method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
[課題]可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。 [解決手段]具備有:在與車載終端(3)之間,進行藉由屬於第1通訊方式的步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊的步行者-車輛間通訊部(13);在與車載終端(3)之間,進行藉由透過設置在道路的路側機(5)的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊的無線LAN通訊部(14);及根據關於自身裝置的狀態的裝置資訊,判定自身裝置是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一者的通訊方式的控制部(16)。[Problem] While suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion, it is possible to promptly and reliably notify pedestrians or vehicle drivers of the presence of pedestrians or vehicles in the surrounding area. [solution means] have: between the vehicle-mounted terminal (3), the pedestrian-vehicle communication part (13) for direct communication by the pedestrian-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method; Between the vehicle-mounted terminals (3), the wireless LAN communication unit (14) that performs indirect communication through the second communication method of the roadside machine (5) installed on the road; and based on the device information about the state of the own device, A control unit (16) that determines whether the own device is in a dangerous state, and selects a communication method of either direct communication or indirect communication according to the result of the determination.
Description
本發明係關於:將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息以步行者-車輛間通訊送訊至其他終端裝置的終端裝置、被設置在道路且與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置、具備有終端裝置及路側裝置的通訊系統、及由終端裝置將訊息以步行者-車輛間通訊送訊至其他終端裝置的通訊方法者。The present invention relates to a terminal device that transmits information including location information of its own device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication, a roadside device that is installed on a road and communicates with a terminal device, a terminal device and The communication system of the roadside device, and the communication method for sending information from the terminal device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-vehicle communication.
近年來,不斷在發展利用ITS(Intelligent Transport System:高度道路交通系統)的安全駕駛支援無線系統的實用化及邁向普及的檢討。在該安全駕駛支援無線系統中,係藉由以裝載在車輛的車載終端彼此進行通訊的車輛-車輛間通訊、或在設置在道路上的路側機與車載終端之間進行通訊的道路-車輛間通訊,交換包含車輛的位置資訊等的訊息,對車輛駕駛人進行為避免事故發生的注意喚起。In recent years, the practical application and popularization of the safe driving support wireless system using ITS (Intelligent Transport System: advanced road traffic system) have been continuously developed. In this safe driving support wireless system, it is a vehicle-to-vehicle communication that communicates with a vehicle-mounted terminal mounted on a vehicle, or a road-to-vehicle communication that communicates between a roadside device installed on a road and a vehicle-mounted terminal. Communication, exchanging information including vehicle location information, etc., and arousing the attention of vehicle drivers to avoid accidents.
此外,近年來,為防止步行者的事故,已提出一種在步行者所持有的步行者終端與車載終端之間進行通訊的步行者-車輛間通訊。在該步行者-車輛間通訊中,步行者終端與車載終端直接交換包含位置資訊等的訊息,對車載終端通知步行者的存在,並且對步行者終端通知車輛的存在,藉此可對步行者與車輛駕駛人雙方,以適當時序進行注意喚起,因此在防止步行者事故方面,被期待較大效果。In addition, in recent years, in order to prevent accidents of pedestrians, pedestrian-vehicle communication has been proposed that communicates between a pedestrian terminal held by a pedestrian and a vehicle-mounted terminal. In this pedestrian-vehicle communication, the pedestrian terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal directly exchange messages including location information, notify the vehicle-mounted terminal of the presence of the pedestrian, and notify the pedestrian terminal of the presence of the vehicle, thereby enabling pedestrians to be notified. Both the vehicle driver and the vehicle driver are called to attention at an appropriate timing, so a large effect is expected in preventing pedestrian accidents.
在如上所示之步行者-車輛間通訊中,如繁華街道的十字路口般在步行者或車輛變多的狀況下,因步行者終端或車載終端增加,步行者-車輛間通訊的流量會增大,而有發生步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞之虞,該步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞必須儘可能避免,因此以減低步行者-車輛間通訊的流量為宜。In the pedestrian-vehicle communication as shown above, when there are many pedestrians or vehicles at the intersection of a busy street, the flow of pedestrian-vehicle communication will increase due to the increase of pedestrian terminals or vehicle terminals. Large, there is a risk of pedestrian-to-vehicle communication congestion. The pedestrian-to-vehicle communication congestion must be avoided as much as possible, so it is advisable to reduce the pedestrian-to-vehicle communication traffic.
以關於如上所示之步行者-車輛間通訊的流量減低的技術而言,以往已知一種技術係在車載終端可在與路側機及步行者終端之間進行第1通訊(V2X通訊:道路-車輛間通訊及步行者-車輛間通訊)的通訊系統中,路側機在與步行者終端之間進行無線LAN等第2通訊,在與車載終端之間進行第1通訊(道路-車輛間通訊)(參照專利文獻1)。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]Regarding the technology for reducing the flow rate of pedestrian-to-vehicle communication as shown above, there is a conventionally known technology in which the vehicle-mounted terminal can perform the first communication with the roadside device and the pedestrian terminal (V2X communication: road- In the communication system of vehicle-to-vehicle communication and pedestrian-to-vehicle communication), the roadside unit performs the second communication such as wireless LAN with the pedestrian terminal, and performs the first communication with the vehicle terminal (road-to-vehicle communication) (Refer to Patent Document 1). [Prior Art Document] [Patent Document]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2017-68335號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2017-68335
(發明所欲解決之課題)(Problem to be solved by the invention)
在步行者-車輛間通訊系統中,與前述習知技術同樣地,若欲進行不同於步行者-車輛間通訊的第2通訊時,即使終端數增加,亦可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞。但是,若形成為步行者終端與車載終端透過路側機來進行間接通訊的構成時,在步行者終端與車載終端之間的訊息的收送訊耗費時間。因此,若步行者或車輛為危險狀態,為了對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知該步行者或車輛的存在,以直接通訊(步行者-車輛間通訊)傳送訊息為宜。In the pedestrian-to-vehicle communication system, similarly to the aforementioned prior art, if a second communication different from pedestrian-to-vehicle communication is to be performed, even if the number of terminals increases, the pedestrian-to-vehicle communication can be suppressed. congested. However, if the pedestrian terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal communicate indirectly through the roadside device, it takes time to transmit and receive information between the pedestrian terminal and the vehicle-mounted terminal. Therefore, when pedestrians or vehicles are in a dangerous state, in order to promptly and surely notify the pedestrians or vehicles in the vicinity of the existence of the pedestrians or vehicles, it is appropriate to transmit a message by direct communication (pedestrian-vehicle communication).
此外,在步行者-車輛間通訊的通訊品質正在降低的狀況下、或步行者-車輛間通訊的通訊流量增大而常見封包衝撞的狀況下,會發生通訊錯誤,因封包錯誤而頻頻發生再送。在如上所示之狀況下,會有原本訊息應快速到達的直接通訊(步行者-車輛間通訊)比間接通訊更慢的情形。另一方面,若步行者為如失智症患者般需要監護的人物時、或車輛為如救護車或消防車般的緊急車輛時,必須儘可能早期對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知步行者或車輛的存在。因此,若通知的緊急性特別高時,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息為宜。In addition, when the communication quality of pedestrian-vehicle communication is deteriorating, or when the communication traffic of pedestrian-vehicle communication increases and packet collisions are common, communication errors may occur, and retransmissions may occur frequently due to packet errors. . In the situation shown above, there may be cases where direct communication (pedestrian-vehicle communication) where messages should arrive quickly is slower than indirect communication. On the other hand, if the pedestrian is a person who needs monitoring such as a dementia patient, or the vehicle is an emergency vehicle such as an ambulance or a fire engine, it is necessary to notify the surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers as early as possible. presence of persons or vehicles. Therefore, if the urgency of the notification is particularly high, it is advisable to send the message by means of both direct communication and indirect communication.
因此,本發明之主要目的在提供藉由在終端裝置間的步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)、與透過路側裝置的間接通訊的2個通訊方式之中,選擇適當的通訊方式,藉此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在的終端裝置、路側裝置、通訊系統、及通訊方法。 (解決課題之手段)Therefore, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an appropriate communication method among the two communication methods of pedestrian-vehicle communication (direct communication) between terminal devices and indirect communication through roadside devices, thereby A terminal device, a roadside device, a communication system, and a communication method that can promptly and reliably notify surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers of the presence of pedestrians or vehicles while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. (means to solve the problem)
本發明之終端裝置係形成為以下構成:其係將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的終端裝置,其具備有:第1通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊;第2通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊;及控制部,其係根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。The terminal device of the present invention is formed into the following configuration: it is a terminal device that transmits information including position information of its own device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-vehicle communication, and it is equipped with: a first communication unit, which is Between the above-mentioned other terminal devices, direct communication is performed through the aforementioned pedestrian-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method; the second communication part, which is between the aforementioned other terminal devices, through Indirect communication by the second communication method of the roadside device installed on the road; and a control unit that selects either the aforementioned direct communication or the aforementioned indirect communication based on device information about at least any one of the status and attributes of its own device or the communication method of both parties, and transmit the aforementioned message to the aforementioned other terminal device by the selected communication method.
此外,本發明之路側裝置係形成為以下構成:其係被設置在道路,與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置,其具備有:通訊部,其係中繼在前述終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊;及控制部,其係由前述終端裝置收集關於前述終端裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,根據該裝置資訊,選擇藉由前述終端裝置間所為之直接通訊、與透過自身裝置的間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,將包含關於所選擇出的通訊方式的資訊的訊息,由前述通訊部傳送至前述終端裝置。In addition, the roadside device of the present invention is formed into the following configuration: it is installed on the road and communicates with the terminal device, and it is equipped with: a communication unit that relays the included position between the aforementioned terminal devices. Sending and receiving of messages of information; and a control unit that collects device information about at least any one of the status and attributes of the aforementioned terminal device from the aforementioned terminal device, and selects the device information that is performed between the aforementioned terminal devices based on the device information. In direct communication and indirect communication through one's own device or both parties, a message including information about the selected communication method is transmitted from the aforementioned communication unit to the aforementioned terminal device.
此外,本發明之通訊系統係形成為以下構成:其係具備有:將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的終端裝置;及被設置在道路,與前述終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置的通訊系統,前述終端裝置係具備有:第1通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊;第2通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊;及控制部,其係根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。In addition, the communication system of the present invention is formed as follows: it is equipped with: a terminal device that transmits a message including position information of its own device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-vehicle communication; and is installed on a road, In the communication system of the roadside device that communicates with the aforementioned terminal device, the aforementioned terminal device is equipped with: a first communication unit that communicates with the aforementioned other terminal devices through the aforementioned pedestrian-vehicle that belongs to the first communication method The second communication unit performs indirect communication with the above-mentioned other terminal devices through the second communication method through the roadside device installed on the road; and the control unit performs indirect communication based on Regarding the device information of at least any one of the status and attributes of the own device, select either or both of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication, and use the selected communication mode to transmit the aforementioned information to the aforementioned other terminal devices.
此外,本發明之通訊方法係形成為以下構成:其係將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的通訊方法,其係根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊、與藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。 (發明之效果)In addition, the communication method of the present invention is formed into the following configuration: it is a communication method that transmits a message including position information of its own device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-vehicle communication, which is based on the state of its own device and For the device information of at least any one of the attributes, select the direct communication through the aforementioned pedestrian-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method, and the indirect communication through the second communication method through the roadside device installed on the road The communication method of either party or both parties, and transmit the aforementioned information to the aforementioned other terminal devices in the selected communication mode. (Effect of Invention)
藉由本發明,由於根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。According to the present invention, since either or both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected according to device information, it is possible to quickly and reliably communicate to surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. Promptly notify pedestrians or vehicles of their presence.
用以解決前述課題而完成的第1發明係形成為以下構成:一種終端裝置,其係將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的終端裝置,其具備有:第1通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊;第2通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊;及控制部,其係根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。The first invention completed to solve the aforementioned problems has the following configuration: a terminal device that transmits a message including position information of its own device to another terminal device through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication. It is equipped with: a first communication unit, which performs direct communication with the aforementioned other terminal devices through the aforementioned pedestrian-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method; a second communication unit, which communicates with the aforementioned other terminal devices Between other terminal devices, indirect communication is performed through the second communication method of the roadside device installed on the road; and the control unit selects the Either or both of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication shall use the selected communication mode to transmit the aforementioned message to the aforementioned other terminal device.
藉此,由於根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。In this way, since either one or both of direct communication and indirect communication is selected according to device information, it is possible to quickly and reliably communicate to surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. Notify the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
此外,第2發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據關於前述裝置資訊所包含的自身裝置的狀態的狀態資訊,判定自身裝置是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方的通訊方式。In addition, the second invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit determines whether the own device is in a dangerous state based on the state information about the state of the own device included in the device information, and selects between the direct communication and the The means of communication of either party to an indirect communication.
藉此,由於按照步行者或車輛的狀態,適當切換直接通訊與間接通訊,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知為危險狀態的終端裝置(步行者或車輛)的存在。In this way, since the direct communication and the indirect communication are appropriately switched according to the state of pedestrians or vehicles, it is possible to promptly and surely notify surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers of danger while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. Status of the presence of the end device (pedestrian or vehicle).
此外,第3發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據前述狀態資訊,若偵測到自身裝置的使用者已採取預定的危險行動,判定為危險狀態。In addition, the third invention is configured such that the control unit determines that the state is in a dangerous state when it detects that the user of the self-device has taken a predetermined dangerous action based on the state information.
藉此,可對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知採取危險行動的步行者的存在。Thereby, the presence of pedestrians taking dangerous actions can be promptly and reliably notified to surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers.
此外,第4發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據前述狀態資訊,若偵測到設有自身裝置的車輛已進行預定的危險行駛,判定為危險狀態。In addition, the fourth invention is configured such that the control unit determines that the vehicle is in a dangerous state when it detects that the vehicle equipped with its own device has performed predetermined dangerous driving based on the state information.
藉此,可對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知進行危險行駛的車輛的存在。Thereby, surrounding pedestrians and vehicle drivers can be promptly and reliably notified of the presence of a vehicle traveling dangerously.
此外,第5發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據前述狀態資訊,若自身裝置位於預定的危險區域內,判定為危險狀態。In addition, the fifth invention has a configuration in which the control unit determines that the self-device is in a dangerous state based on the state information, if the self-device is located in a predetermined dangerous area.
藉此,可對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知位於危險區域內的步行者的存在。Thereby, surrounding pedestrians and vehicle drivers can be quickly and reliably notified of the presence of pedestrians in the dangerous area.
此外,第6發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據前述狀態資訊,若自身裝置以預定值以上的速度移動,判定為危險狀態。In addition, the sixth invention is configured in such a way that the control unit determines that the state is dangerous if the own device moves at a speed equal to or higher than a predetermined value based on the state information.
藉此,可對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知以高速移動的終端裝置(步行者或車輛)的存在。Thereby, the presence of a terminal device (pedestrian or vehicle) moving at high speed can be promptly and reliably notified to surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers.
此外,第7發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據自身裝置的位置資訊與地圖資訊,判定自身裝置是否位於特定區域內,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, the seventh invention is configured such that the control unit determines whether the own device is located in a specific area based on the position information and map information of the own device, and selects a communication method according to the determination result.
藉此,即使在特定區域內存在多數終端裝置的情形下,亦可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)的壅塞。Thereby, even in the case where many terminal devices exist in a specific area, congestion of pedestrian-vehicle communication (direct communication) can be suppressed.
此外,第8發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係判定自身裝置是否位於預定條件的十字路口的周邊區域、平交道的周邊區域、及特定車輛的停車場的周邊區域的任一者,作為前述特定區域。In addition, the eighth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit determines whether the self-device is located in any one of a surrounding area of a predetermined intersection, a surrounding area of a level crossing, and a surrounding area of a parking lot for a specific vehicle, as the above-mentioned specific area.
藉此,滿足步道與車道因構造物而分離等預定條件的十字路口的周邊區域、為了在平交道暫時停止而車輛慢速駕駛的平交道的周邊區域,由於危險性變低,因此即使將位於如上所示之危險性低的特定區域內的終端裝置形成為間接通訊,亦可避免安全性降低。此外,特定車輛的停車場的周邊區域係形成為間接通訊,路側裝置藉由從步行者的終端裝置所接收到的資訊,可識別是否有欲乘上公車的人,因此可避免欲乘上公車的人被誤認為欲衝出或橫越馬路之危險性高的人的情形。In this way, the surrounding area of the intersection satisfying the predetermined conditions such as the separation of the footpath and the lane due to the structure, and the surrounding area of the level crossing where the vehicle drives at a slow speed in order to temporarily stop on the level crossing are less dangerous, so even if the The terminal devices in the specific area with low risk as shown above form indirect communication, which can also avoid the reduction of safety. In addition, the surrounding area of the parking lot for a specific vehicle is formed as an indirect communication, and the roadside device can identify whether there is a person who wants to get on the bus through the information received from the pedestrian's terminal device, so that it is possible to avoid people who want to get on the bus. Situations where a person is mistaken for a high-risk person who is about to rush off or cross the road.
此外,第9發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係若自身裝置位於作為前述特定區域的平交道的周邊區域內時,根據由截路機的控制裝置所取得的截路機的動作資訊,判定截路機是否為禁止通行狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, the ninth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit is configured based on the operation information of the road cutter acquired by the control device of the road cutter when its own device is located in the surrounding area of the level crossing that is the aforementioned specific area, It is judged whether the road interceptor is in the prohibited state, and the communication method is selected according to the judgment result.
藉此,若截路機為禁止通行狀態,平交道的周邊區域由於車輛為了暫時停止而慢行,因此危險性變低,因此即使將位於平交道的周邊區域內的終端裝置形成為間接通訊,亦可避免安全性降低。In this way, if the road cutter is in a prohibited state, the surrounding area of the level crossing is less dangerous because the vehicle slows down to temporarily stop, so even if the terminal device located in the surrounding area of the level crossing is formed as indirect communication, Reduced security can also be avoided.
此外,第10發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係若自身裝置位於作為前述特定區域的特定車輛的停車場的周邊區域內時,根據由前述其他終端裝置所接收到的訊息所包含的其他車輛的屬性資訊及位置資訊與地圖資訊,判定前述特定車輛是否已接近至離前述停車場為預定距離以內,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, the tenth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit, if its own device is located in the surrounding area of a parking lot of a specific vehicle as the specific area, based on other vehicles included in the message received by the other terminal device The attribute information, location information and map information of the vehicle are used to determine whether the aforementioned specific vehicle has approached within a predetermined distance from the aforementioned parking lot, and a communication method is selected according to the determination result.
藉此,藉由選擇直接通訊,可對位於停車場周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知特定車輛正在接近停車場。Thereby, by selecting direct communication, pedestrians or vehicle drivers located around the parking lot can be quickly and surely notified that a specific vehicle is approaching the parking lot.
此外,第11發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據由前述其他終端裝置所接收到的訊息所包含的通訊方式資訊,判定在自身裝置的周邊是否存在已經正在進行前述直接通訊的其他終端裝置,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, the eleventh invention has a configuration in which the control unit determines whether or not there is another terminal that is already performing the direct communication in the vicinity of the own device based on the communication method information included in the message received by the other terminal device. The device selects a communication method according to the determination result.
藉此,使先開始直接通訊的終端裝置的直接通訊優先,而限制其他終端裝置的直接通訊,藉此可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)的壅塞。In this way, the direct communication of the terminal device that starts the direct communication first is given priority, and the direct communication of other terminal devices is restricted, thereby suppressing the congestion of pedestrian-vehicle communication (direct communication).
此外,第12發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據由前述其他終端裝置所接收到的訊息所包含的位置資訊及屬性資訊,判定在自身裝置的預定距離以內是否存在特定車輛,按照該判定結果,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方的通訊方式。In addition, the twelfth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit determines whether a specific vehicle exists within a predetermined distance from the own device based on the position information and attribute information included in the message received by the other terminal device, and according to the As a result of the judgment, choose the communication method of any one of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication.
藉此,使被設在緊急車輛等特定車輛的終端裝置的直接通訊優先,而限制其他終端裝置的直接通訊,藉此可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)的壅塞,並且可迅速且確實地對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知特定車輛的存在。In this way, the direct communication of the terminal device installed in a specific vehicle such as an emergency vehicle is prioritized, and the direct communication of other terminal devices is restricted, thereby suppressing the congestion of the pedestrian-vehicle communication (direct communication), and quickly and quickly The presence of a specific vehicle is reliably notified to nearby pedestrians or vehicle drivers.
此外,第13發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據由前述其他終端裝置所接收到的訊息所包含的屬性資訊,判別存在於自身裝置的周邊的前述其他終端裝置的類別,根據對應該類別的優先度,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方的通訊方式。In addition, the thirteenth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit determines the type of the other terminal device existing around its own device based on the attribute information included in the message received by the other terminal device, and based on the corresponding The priority of the category, select the communication method of any party of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication.
藉此,使優先度高的終端裝置的直接通訊優先,而限制其他終端裝置的直接通訊,藉此可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)的壅塞,並且可迅速且確實地對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知優先度高的終端裝置的存在。In this way, the direct communication of the high-priority terminal device is prioritized, and the direct communication of other terminal devices is restricted, thereby suppressing the congestion of the pedestrian-vehicle communication (direct communication), and quickly and reliably responding to the surrounding A pedestrian or a vehicle driver notifies the presence of a terminal device with a high priority.
此外,第14發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據關於前述裝置資訊所包含的自身裝置的屬性的屬性資訊,若自身裝置的使用者為特定人物,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。In addition, the fourteenth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit selects between the direct communication and the indirect communication if the user of the own device is a specific person based on the attribute information about the attribute of the own device included in the device information. The means of communication between the two parties.
藉此,若自身裝置的使用者為特定人物,由於以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人早期通知尤其通知緊急性高的特定人物的存在。In this way, if the user of the self-device is a specific person, since the message is transmitted by both direct communication and indirect communication, it is possible to control pedestrians or vehicles driving around while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. Person early notification notifies especially the existence of a specific person whose urgency is high.
此外,第15發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據關於前述裝置資訊所包含的自身裝置的屬性的屬性資訊,若自身裝置的車輛為特定車輛,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。In addition, the fifteenth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit selects both of the direct communication and the indirect communication if the vehicle of the own device is a specific vehicle based on the attribute information about the attribute of the own device included in the device information. way of communication.
藉此,若自身裝置的車輛為特定車輛,由於以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人早期通知尤其通知緊急性高的特定車輛的存在。In this way, if the vehicle installed by itself is a specific vehicle, since the message is transmitted by the communication method of both direct communication and indirect communication, it is possible to suppress pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion, and at the same time provide information to surrounding pedestrians or vehicle drivers. Early notification notifies in particular the presence of specific vehicles of high urgency.
此外,第16發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據關於前述裝置資訊所包含的自身裝置的屬性的屬性資訊,若自身裝置的車輛為特定車輛而且前述車輛為緊急性高的狀態,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。In addition, the sixteenth invention is formed in such a configuration that the control unit selects if the vehicle of the self-device is a specific vehicle and the vehicle is in a state of high urgency based on the attribute information about the attributes of the own device included in the device information. The means of communication between the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication.
藉此,將藉由直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式所為之訊息的送訊,限定在通知緊急性高的情形下,藉此可更進一步抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞。In this way, the transmission of messages by both the direct communication and the indirect communication is limited to the case of high notification urgency, thereby further suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion.
此外,第17發明係形成為以下構成:前述控制部係根據關於前述裝置資訊所包含的自身裝置的屬性的屬性資訊,若自身裝置的車輛為特定車輛而且在前述車輛的周邊步行者多時,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。In addition, the seventeenth invention is configured such that the control unit, based on the attribute information about the attributes of the own device included in the device information, when the vehicle of the own device is a specific vehicle and there are many pedestrians around the vehicle, Choose the communication method for both parties of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication.
藉此,將藉由直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式所為之訊息的送訊,限定在周邊步行者多的情形下,藉此可更進一步抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞。In this way, the transmission of messages by both direct communication and indirect communication is limited to the situation where there are many pedestrians around, thereby further suppressing the congestion of pedestrian-vehicle communication.
此外,第18發明係形成為以下構成:一種路側裝置,其係被設置在道路,與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置,其具備有:通訊部,其係中繼在前述終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊;及控制部,其係由前述終端裝置收集關於前述終端裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,根據該裝置資訊,選擇藉由前述終端裝置間所為之直接通訊、與透過自身裝置的間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,將包含關於所選擇出的通訊方式的資訊的訊息,由前述通訊部傳送至前述終端裝置。In addition, the eighteenth invention is constituted as follows: a roadside device that is installed on a road and communicates with a terminal device is provided with a communication unit that relays a communication between the terminal devices. A sending and receiving message of a message including location information; and a control unit that collects device information about at least any one of the state and attribute of the aforementioned terminal device from the aforementioned terminal device, and selects between the aforementioned terminal devices based on the device information. For direct communication, indirect communication through its own device, or both parties, a message containing information about the selected communication method will be sent from the aforementioned communication unit to the aforementioned terminal device.
藉此,與第1發明同樣地,由於根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。In this way, similar to the first invention, since either or both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected according to device information, it is possible to suppress pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion, while providing information to surrounding pedestrians or vehicles. The driver of the vehicle promptly and surely notifies the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
此外,第19發明係形成為以下構成:一種路側裝置,其係被設置在道路,與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置,其具備有:第1通訊部,其係以屬於第1通訊方式的道路-車輛間通訊,中繼在前述終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊;第2通訊部,其係以不同於前述第1通訊方式的第2通訊方式,中繼在前述終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊;及控制部,其係當由前述終端裝置接收到包含前述終端裝置的位置資訊的訊息時,按照前述終端裝置的類別,選擇前述第1通訊部、與前述第2通訊部的任一者,將包含前述終端裝置的位置資訊的訊息中繼至其他終端裝置。In addition, the nineteenth invention is formed into the following configuration: a roadside device installed on a road, which communicates with a terminal device, and includes: a first communication unit for a road belonging to a first communication method - Inter-vehicle communication, which relays the transmission and reception of messages including location information between the aforementioned terminal devices; the second communication part, which uses a second communication method different from the aforementioned first communication method, to relay the aforementioned The transmission and reception of messages including positional information between terminal devices; and the control unit, when receiving a message including positional information of the aforementioned terminal device from the aforementioned terminal device, according to the type of the aforementioned terminal device, select the aforementioned first Either one of the first communication unit and the second communication unit relays the message including the location information of the terminal device to the other terminal device.
藉此,按照終端裝置為步行者終端、或車載終端的類別,適當切換由路側裝置送訊至終端裝置的通訊方式,藉此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊以複數通訊方式由路側裝置對終端裝置,對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知該步行者或車輛的存在。In this way, according to whether the terminal device is a pedestrian terminal or a vehicle-mounted terminal, the communication method sent from the roadside device to the terminal device can be appropriately switched, thereby suppressing the congestion of pedestrian-vehicle communication while using multiple communication methods From the roadside device to the terminal device, the presence of the pedestrian or vehicle is quickly and surely notified to the surrounding pedestrian or vehicle driver.
此外,第20發明係形成為以下構成:一種通訊系統,其係具備有:將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的終端裝置;及被設置在道路,與前述終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置的通訊系統,前述終端裝置係具備有:第1通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊;第2通訊部,其係在與前述其他終端裝置之間,進行藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊;及控制部,其係根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇前述直接通訊與前述間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。In addition, the twentieth invention is constituted as follows: a communication system including: a terminal device that transmits a message including positional information of its own device to another terminal device through pedestrian-vehicle communication; The road is a communication system of a roadside device that communicates with the aforementioned terminal device. The aforementioned terminal device is equipped with: a first communication unit that communicates with the aforementioned other terminal devices through the aforementioned pedestrians that belong to the first communication method. - Direct communication by means of inter-vehicle communication; the second communication unit, which performs indirect communication with the aforementioned other terminal devices through the second communication method through the roadside device installed on the road; and the control unit, which Selecting either or both of the aforementioned direct communication and the aforementioned indirect communication based on the device information about at least any one of the status and attributes of the own device, and using the selected communication mode to transmit the aforementioned message to the aforementioned other terminal device.
藉此,與第1發明同樣地,根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。Thereby, as in the first invention, either one or both of the direct communication and the indirect communication can be selected according to the device information, so it is possible to control pedestrians or vehicles in the surrounding area while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. The driver promptly and reliably notifies the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
此外,第21發明係形成為以下構成:一種通訊方法,其係由終端裝置,將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息,以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的通訊方法,其根據關於自身裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇藉由屬於第1通訊方式的前述步行者-車輛間通訊所為之直接通訊、與藉由透過設置在道路的路側裝置的第2通訊方式所為之間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,以所選擇的通訊方式,將前述訊息傳送至前述其他終端裝置。In addition, the twenty-first invention is constituted as follows: a communication method in which a terminal device transmits a message including location information of its own device to another terminal device through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication, which is based on the The device information of at least any one of the status and attributes of the self-device is selected from the direct communication through the aforementioned pedestrian-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method, and the second communication through the roadside device installed on the road. Either party or both parties of the indirect communication shall transmit the aforementioned information to the aforementioned other terminal devices in the selected communication mode.
藉此,與第1發明同樣地,根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。Thereby, as in the first invention, either one or both of the direct communication and the indirect communication can be selected according to the device information, so it is possible to control pedestrians or vehicles in the surrounding area while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. The driver promptly and reliably notifies the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
此外,第22發明係形成為以下構成:一種通訊方法,其係被設置在道路,與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置的通訊方法,其中繼在前述終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊,根據由前述終端裝置所收集到的關於前述終端裝置的狀態及屬性的至少任一者的裝置資訊,選擇藉由前述終端裝置間所為之直接通訊、與透過自身裝置的間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,將包含關於所選擇出的通訊方式的資訊的訊息傳送至前述終端裝置。In addition, the twenty-second invention is constituted as follows: a communication method of a roadside device installed on a road to communicate with a terminal device, wherein a message including positional information carried out between the terminal devices is relayed. To send and receive messages, according to the device information collected by the aforementioned terminal devices on at least any one of the status and attributes of the aforementioned terminal devices, choose between direct communication between the aforementioned terminal devices and indirect communication through its own device The communication method of either party or both parties transmits a message containing information about the selected communication method to the aforementioned terminal device.
藉此,與第1發明同樣地,根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。Thereby, as in the first invention, either one or both of the direct communication and the indirect communication can be selected according to the device information, so it is possible to control pedestrians or vehicles in the surrounding area while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. The driver promptly and reliably notifies the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
此外,第23發明係形成為以下構成:一種通訊方法,其係被設置在道路,進行在終端裝置間所進行之包含位置資訊的訊息的收送訊的中繼的路側裝置的通訊方法,其當由前述終端裝置接收到包含前述終端裝置的位置資訊的訊息時,按照前述終端裝置的類別,選擇屬於第1通訊方式的道路-車輛間通訊、或不同於前述第1通訊方式的第2通訊方式的任一者,將包含前述終端裝置的位置資訊的訊息中繼至其他終端裝置。In addition, the twenty-third invention is constituted as follows: a communication method of a roadside device installed on a road for relaying transmission and reception of messages including positional information between terminal devices, wherein When the terminal device receives a message including the location information of the terminal device, according to the type of the terminal device, select the road-vehicle communication belonging to the first communication method, or the second communication different from the first communication method. In any of the methods, the message including the location information of the aforementioned terminal device is relayed to another terminal device.
藉此,與第1發明同樣地,根據裝置資訊,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式,因此可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在。Thereby, as in the first invention, either one or both of the direct communication and the indirect communication can be selected according to the device information, so it is possible to control pedestrians or vehicles in the surrounding area while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. The driver promptly and reliably notifies the presence of pedestrians or vehicles.
以下一邊參照圖示,一邊說明本發明之實施形態。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(第1實施形態) 圖1係第1實施形態之通訊系統的全體構成圖。(First Embodiment) Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a communication system according to a first embodiment.
該通訊系統係具備有:步行者所攜帶的步行者終端1(終端裝置)及攜帶式資訊終端2;被裝載在車輛的車載終端3(終端裝置)及汽車導航裝置4;及路側機5(路側裝置),在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間進行步行者-車輛間通訊,此外,透過路側機5,在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間,進行WiFi(註冊商標)等無線LAN通訊。This communication system is equipped with: pedestrian terminal 1 (terminal device) and
在步行者-車輛間通訊中,將包含位置資訊等所需資訊的訊息,在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間進行傳送接收。在該步行者-車輛間通訊中,藉由ITS無線通訊,亦即利用在利用ITS(Intelligent Transport System:高度道路交通系統)的安全駕駛支援無線系統中所採用的頻帶(例如700MHz帶或5.8GHz帶)的無線通訊,來傳送接收訊息。In pedestrian-vehicle communication, messages including required information such as position information are transmitted and received between the
在無線LAN通訊中,路側機5成為母機(存取點),步行者終端1及車載終端3成為子機,路側機5中繼在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間的訊息的收送訊。其中,訊息的形式及內容在步行者-車輛間通訊與無線LAN通訊為共通。In wireless LAN communication, the
步行者終端1係與攜帶式資訊終端2相連接。該攜帶式資訊終端2係智慧型手機、行動電話、平板終端、穿戴式終端等。在步行者終端1中,係在與車載終端3之間傳送接收訊息,藉此若判定必須進行注意喚起時,對攜帶式資訊終端2輸出注意喚起的指示,在攜帶式資訊終端2中,係按照來自步行者終端1的指示,進行對乘坐人員的注意喚起的輸出動作(例如聲音輸出或振動等)。The
車載終端3係與汽車導航裝置4相連接。該汽車導航裝置4係對駕駛人進行路徑導引者。在車載終端3中,在與步行者終端1之間傳送接收訊息,藉此若判定必須進行注意喚起時,對汽車導航裝置4輸出注意喚起的指示,在汽車導航裝置4中,係按照來自車載終端3的指示,進行駕駛人注意喚起的輸出動作(例如聲音輸出或畫面顯示等)。The vehicle-mounted
其中,步行者終端1亦可形成為被內置在攜帶式資訊終端2者,車載終端3亦可形成為被內置在汽車導航裝置4者。Here, the
此外,步行者終端1自身亦可形成為進行注意喚起的輸出動作者。此外,車載終端3自身亦可形成為進行注意喚起的輸出動作者。此外,亦可車載終端3與駕駛人所持有的攜帶式資訊終端2進行通訊,使攜帶式資訊終端2進行對駕駛人的注意喚起的輸出動作。In addition, the
路側機5係被設置在十字路口的訊號機的近旁等步行者或車輛多、且容易發生在步行者終端1或車載終端3的步行者-車輛間通訊壅塞的地點。The
接著,說明第1實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況。圖2係顯示步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。Next, the transmission state of the message in the
在本實施形態中,在步行者終端1及車載終端3中,以用以傳送訊息的通訊方式而言,可選擇:藉由步行者-車輛間通訊,在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間直接傳送接收訊息的直接通訊;及藉由透過路側機5的無線LAN通訊,在步行者終端1與車載終端3之間傳送接收訊息的間接通訊的任一者。In this embodiment, in the
其中,在ITS中,係以預定間隔(例如100ms)定期傳送訊息,無論直接通訊及間接通訊的任何通訊方式,訊息的送訊時序均為相同。Among them, in ITS, messages are sent regularly at predetermined intervals (for example, 100 ms), and regardless of any communication method of direct communication or indirect communication, the timing of sending messages is the same.
在此,若步行者終端1或車載終端3位於路側機5的通訊範圍外,由於無法進行透過路側機5的間接通訊,因此選擇直接通訊。另一方面,若步行者終端1或車載終端3進入至路側機5的通訊範圍內而可進行間接通訊時,由直接通訊被切換成間接通訊。Here, if the
此外,在本實施形態中,在步行者終端1中,按照關於步行者的狀態的裝置資訊,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)。尤其在本實施形態中,係判定步行者是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, in this embodiment, in the
亦即,如圖2(A-1)所示,若步行者非為危險狀態,選擇間接通訊,藉由無線LAN通訊,透過路側機5,訊息由步行者終端1被傳送至車載終端3。另一方面,如圖2(A-2)所示,若步行者成為危險狀態,由間接通訊被切換成直接通訊,且藉由步行者-車輛間通訊,訊息由步行者終端1被直接傳送至車載終端3。That is, as shown in FIG. 2(A-1), if the pedestrian is not in a dangerous state, select indirect communication, and the information is transmitted from the
在此,在本實施形態中,若偵測到衝出或跌倒等步行者的危險行動,判定步行者為危險狀態。Here, in this embodiment, if the dangerous behavior of the pedestrian such as rushing or falling is detected, it is determined that the pedestrian is in a dangerous state.
此外,在本實施形態中,若步行者進入至危險區域,判定步行者為危險狀態。其中,危險區域係指例如不具將步道與車道分離的防護構造物的步道中靠近車道的區域、或事故多發的危險十字路口的周邊區域等危險性高的任意區域,設為被預先設定在地圖資訊者。In addition, in this embodiment, if a pedestrian enters a dangerous area, it is determined that the pedestrian is in a dangerous state. Among them, the dangerous area refers to an arbitrary area with high risk such as an area close to the roadway in the footway without a protective structure separating the footway from the roadway, or the surrounding area of a dangerous intersection where accidents frequently occur, and is set in advance on the map. informant.
此外,在本實施形態中,步行者終端1的持有人乘坐腳踏車或摩托車等,若步行者以預定值(被視為一般步行的速度的上限值)以上的速度移動,判定步行者為危險狀態。In addition, in this embodiment, if the holder of the
此外,在本實施形態中,若步行者為小孩、高齡者、失智症患者等採取危險行動的可能性高的人物,判定步行者為危險狀態。In addition, in the present embodiment, if the pedestrian is a child, an elderly person, a person with dementia, etc. who are likely to take dangerous actions, it is determined that the pedestrian is in a dangerous state.
此外,在本實施形態中,在車載終端3中,按照車輛的狀態,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)。尤其在本實施形態中,判定車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。In addition, in this embodiment, in the vehicle-mounted
亦即,如圖2(B-2)所示,若車輛非為危險狀態,選擇間接通訊,藉由無線LAN通訊,透過路側機5,訊息由車載終端3被傳送至步行者終端1。另一方面,如圖2(B-1)所示,若車輛成為危險狀態,由間接通訊被切換成直接通訊,藉由步行者-車輛間通訊,訊息由車載終端3被直接傳送至步行者終端1。That is, as shown in FIG. 2 (B-2), if the vehicle is not in a dangerous state, select indirect communication, and through wireless LAN communication, the information is transmitted from the
在此,在本實施形態中,若車輛以預定值(被視為一般行駛的速度的上限值)以上的速度移動,判定車輛為危險狀態。Here, in the present embodiment, when the vehicle moves at a speed equal to or higher than a predetermined value (the upper limit of the speed regarded as normal traveling), it is determined that the vehicle is in a dangerous state.
此外,在本實施形態中,若車輛已進行急加速或急轉向或蛇行等危險行駛,判定車輛為危險狀態。In addition, in the present embodiment, if the vehicle has undergone dangerous driving such as rapid acceleration, sharp steering, or snaking, it is determined that the vehicle is in a dangerous state.
接著,說明第1實施形態之步行者終端1的概略構成。圖3係顯示步行者終端1的概略構成的區塊圖。Next, a schematic configuration of the
步行者終端1係具備有:測位部11、狀態檢測部12、步行者-車輛間通訊部13(第1通訊部)、無線LAN通訊部14(第2通訊部)、輸出入部15、控制部16、及記憶部17。The
測位部11係藉由GPS(Global Positioning System,全球定位系統),QZSS(Quasi-Zenith Satellite System,準天頂衛星系統)等衛星測位系統,測定自身裝置的位置,且取得自身裝置的位置資訊。其中,亦可利用攜帶式資訊終端2所具有的測位功能,取得自身裝置的位置資訊。The
狀態檢測部12係檢測自身裝置(持有自身裝置的步行者)的狀態者,具備有:加速度感測器25、及方位感測器26。The
步行者-車輛間通訊部13係藉由步行者-車輛間通訊,將訊息以廣播傳送至車載終端3,此外,接收由車載終端3被傳送的訊息。在該步行者-車輛間通訊中,進行使用在利用ITS的安全駕駛支援無線系統中被採用的頻帶的無線通訊。The pedestrian-
無線LAN通訊部14係藉由WiFi(註冊商標)等無線LAN通訊,透過路側機5,將訊息傳送至車載終端3,此外,接收由車載終端3透過路側機5所被傳送的訊息。The wireless
輸出入部15係在與攜帶式資訊終端2之間進行資訊的輸出入。根據由該輸出入部15被輸出的資訊,在攜帶式資訊終端2中,進行對步行者喚起注意的動作。The input/
記憶部17係記憶地圖資訊、或以構成控制部16的處理器所被執行的程式等。其中,地圖資訊亦可由攜帶式資訊終端2取得。The
控制部16係具備有:訊息控制部21、通訊方式選擇部22、衝撞判定部23、及注意喚起控制部24。該控制部16係由處理器所構成,控制部16的各部係藉由以處理器執行被記憶在記憶部17的程式來實現。The
訊息控制部21係控制終端ID或位置資訊等包含步行者資訊的訊息的送訊。此時,按照通訊方式選擇部22的選擇結果,由步行者-車輛間通訊部13或無線LAN通訊部14傳送訊息。The
通訊方式選擇部22係選擇將訊息傳送至車載終端3時的通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)。The communication
在該通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,根據由路側機5以廣播被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內,亦即是否可進行間接通訊,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內,選擇直接通訊。In this communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內,取得狀態檢測部12的檢測結果等表示自身裝置(自身步行者)是否為危險狀態的狀態資訊,根據該狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。亦即,若自身步行者為危險狀態,選擇直接通訊,若自身步行者非為危險狀態,選擇間接通訊。On the other hand, if the self-device is within the communication range of the
在此,在本實施形態中,根據狀態檢測部12的檢測結果,若偵測到自身步行者已採取衝出或跌倒等危險行動時,判定自身步行者為危險狀態。具體而言,若由加速度感測器25的檢測結果,偵測到自身步行者突然開始跑(急加速),此外,由方位感測器26的檢測結果,偵測到自身步行者突然變更方向(急回轉)時,判定為衝出。此外,若由加速度感測器25的檢測結果,偵測到突然朝下動作,判定為跌倒。Here, in this embodiment, based on the detection result of the
此外,在本實施形態中,根據在測位部11所取得的自身步行者的現在的位置資訊、及被記憶在記憶部17的地圖資訊,若自身步行者位於預定的危險區域內,判定步行者為危險狀態。In addition, in this embodiment, based on the current position information of the own pedestrian acquired by the
此外,在本實施形態中,由在測位部11所取得的自身步行者的位置資訊的推移狀況,取得步行者的移動速度,若自身步行者以預定值(被視為一般步行的速度的上限值)以上的速度移動,判定步行者為危險狀態。In addition, in this embodiment, the moving speed of the pedestrian is obtained from the transition state of the position information of the pedestrian acquired by the
此外,在本實施形態中,根據自身步行者的屬性資訊,若自身步行者為小孩、高齡者、失智症患者等採取危險行動的可能性高的人物,判定步行者為危險狀態。其中,是否為採取危險行動的可能性高的人物的資訊係若作為步行者的屬性資訊而預先記憶在記憶部17即可。In addition, in this embodiment, based on the attribute information of the pedestrian, if the pedestrian is a child, an elderly person, a person with dementia, etc. who are likely to take dangerous actions, it is determined that the pedestrian is in a dangerous state. Among them, the information on whether or not the person is a person with a high possibility of taking a dangerous action may be stored in the
衝撞判定部23係根據在測位部11所取得的自身步行者的位置資訊、及由車載終端3所接收到的訊息所包含的車輛的位置資訊,判定是否有車輛衝撞到自身步行者的危險性。The
注意喚起控制部24係按照衝撞判定部23的判定結果,實施對自身步行者的注意喚起。在本實施形態中,係透過輸出入部15,對攜帶式資訊終端2輸出注意喚起的指示,按照該指示,在攜帶式資訊終端2中,進行對步行者的注意喚起的輸出動作(例如聲音輸出或振動等)。The attention calling
接著,說明第1實施形態之車載終端3的概略構成。圖4係顯示車載終端3的概略構成的區塊圖。Next, a schematic configuration of the vehicle-mounted
車載終端3係具備有:測位部31、狀態檢測部32、步行者-車輛間通訊部33(第1通訊部)、無線LAN通訊部34(第2通訊部)、輸出入部35、控制部36、及記憶部37。The vehicle-mounted
測位部31係藉由GPS、QZSS等衛星測位系統,測定自身裝置的位置,而取得自身裝置的位置資訊。其中,亦可利用汽車導航裝置4所具有的測位功能,來取得自身裝置的位置資訊。The
狀態檢測部32係檢測自身裝置(裝載有自身裝置的車輛)的狀態者,具備有:加速度感測器45、及方位感測器46。The
步行者-車輛間通訊部33係藉由步行者-車輛間通訊,將訊息以廣播傳送至步行者終端1,此外,接收由步行者終端1被傳送的訊息。在該步行者-車輛間通訊中,進行使用在利用ITS的安全駕駛支援無線系統中所採用的頻帶的無線通訊。The pedestrian-
無線LAN通訊部34係藉由WiFi(註冊商標)等無線LAN通訊,將訊息透過路側機5而傳送至步行者終端1,此外,接收由步行者終端1透過路側機5所被傳送的訊息。The wireless
輸出入部35係在與汽車導航裝置4之間進行資訊的輸出入。根據由該輸出入部35被輸出的資訊,在汽車導航裝置4中,進行對駕駛人喚起注意的動作。The input/
記憶部37係記憶地圖資訊、或以構成控制部36的處理器予以執行的程式。其中,地圖資訊亦可由汽車導航裝置4取得。The
控制部36係具備有:訊息控制部41、通訊方式選擇部42、衝撞判定部43、及注意喚起控制部44。該控制部36係由處理器所構成,控制部36的各部係藉由以處理器執行被記憶在記憶部37的程式來實現。The control unit 36 includes a
訊息控制部41係控制包含終端ID或位置資訊等車輛資訊的訊息的送訊。此時,按照通訊方式選擇部42的選擇結果,由步行者-車輛間通訊部33或無線LAN通訊部34傳送訊息。The
通訊方式選擇部42係選擇將訊息傳送至步行者終端1時的通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)。The communication mode selection unit 42 selects a communication mode (direct communication or indirect communication) when transmitting a message to the
在該通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,根據由路側機5以廣播被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內,亦即,是否可進行間接通訊,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內,選擇直接通訊。In this communication mode selection unit 42, first, according to the beacon signal transmitted by broadcasting by the
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內,取得狀態檢測部32的檢測結果等表示自身裝置(自身車輛)是否為危險狀態的狀態資訊,根據該狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。亦即,若自身車輛為危險狀態,選擇直接通訊,若自身車輛非為危險狀態,選擇間接通訊。On the other hand, if the self-device is within the communication range of the
在此,在本實施形態中,由在測位部31所取得的自身車輛的位置資訊的推移狀況取得自身車輛的移動速度,若自身車輛以預定值(被視為一般行駛的速度的上限值)以上的速度移動時,判定自身車輛為危險狀態。Here, in this embodiment, the moving speed of the own vehicle is obtained from the transition state of the position information of the own vehicle acquired by the positioning unit 31. ) and above, it is determined that the own vehicle is in a dangerous state.
此外,在本實施形態中,根據狀態檢測部32的檢測結果,若偵測到自身車輛已進行急加速或急回轉(急轉向)或蛇行等危險行駛時,判定自身車輛為危險狀態。具體而言,由加速度感測器45的檢測結果,偵測自身車輛的急加速,此外,由方位感測器46的檢測結果,偵測自身車輛的急回轉或蛇行。In addition, in this embodiment, based on the detection result of the
衝撞判定部43係根據在測位部31所取得的自身車輛的位置資訊、及由步行者終端1所接收到的訊息所包含的步行者的位置資訊,判定是否有自身車輛衝撞到步行者的危險性。The
注意喚起控制部44係按照衝撞判定部43的判定結果,進行對自身車輛的駕駛人的注意喚起。在本實施形態中,透過輸出入部35,將注意喚起的指示輸出至汽車導航裝置4,按照該指示,在汽車導航裝置4中,進行對駕駛人的注意喚起的輸出動作(例如聲音輸出或畫面顯示等)。The attention calling
接著,說明第1實施形態之路側機5的概略構成。圖5係顯示路側機5的概略構成的區塊圖。Next, a schematic configuration of the
路側機5係具備有:無線LAN通訊部51、控制部52、及記憶部53。The
無線LAN通訊部51係藉由WiFi(註冊商標)等無線LAN通訊,接收由步行者終端1或車載終端3被傳送的訊息,此外,將所接收到的訊息以廣播傳送至步行者終端1或車載終端3。The wireless
記憶部53係記憶在構成控制部52的處理器所執行的程式等。The
控制部52係具備有:訊息控制部61。該控制部52係由處理器所構成,訊息控制部61係藉由以處理器執行被記憶在記憶部53的程式來實現。The
訊息控制部61係若在無線LAN通訊部51接收由步行者終端1或車載終端3被傳送的訊息,將該訊息由無線LAN通訊部51傳送至步行者終端1或車載終端3。The
但是,路側機5係若接收由步行者終端1或車載終端3被傳送的訊息,每次將所接收到的訊息進行傳送即可,但是亦可將所接收到的複數訊息總括進行傳送。亦即,將所接收到的複數訊息的各個所包含的步行者資訊或車輛資訊儲存在1個訊息來進行傳送。However, if the
此外,亦可按照所接收到的訊息的內容,以與接收到的順序為不同的順序傳送訊息。例如,根據所接收到的訊息所包含的位置資訊,算出由送訊源(步行者終端1或車載終端3)至路側機5的距離,使接近路側機5的送訊源的訊息優先,由接近路側機5的送訊源的訊息依序進行送訊。此外,在送訊源的終端類別(步行者終端1及車載終端3)設定優先順位,將優先順位高的送訊源的訊息先傳送。此外,根據所接收到的訊息所包含的位置資訊,若送訊源的位置未改變,即不會傳送所接收到的訊息。In addition, the messages may be transmitted in an order different from the received order according to the content of the received messages. For example, according to the location information contained in the received message, calculate the distance from the transmission source (
接著,說明第1實施形態之步行者終端1傳送訊息時的動作順序。圖6係顯示步行者終端1、車載終端3及路側機5的動作順序的流程圖。Next, the operation sequence when the
在步行者終端1中,首先,在測位部11中,取得自身裝置(自身步行者)的位置資訊(ST101)。接著,在訊息控制部21中,根據自身步行者的位置資訊,判定是否為傳送步行者資訊的狀況,具體而言為自身步行者是否處於屋內等安全地帶(ST102)。In the
在此,若為傳送步行者資訊的狀況(ST102中為Yes),接著,在通訊方式選擇部22中,選擇傳送訊息時的通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)(ST103)。Here, if the pedestrian information is to be transmitted (Yes in ST102), then, in the communication
接著,在訊息控制部21中,若在通訊方式選擇部22所被選擇出的通訊方式為直接通訊(ST104中為Yes),將包含步行者資訊的訊息,由步行者-車輛間通訊部13傳送至車載終端3(ST105)。另一方面,若在通訊方式選擇部22所被選擇出的通訊方式為間接通訊(ST104中為No),將包含步行者資訊的訊息,由無線LAN通訊部14傳送至路側機5(ST106)。Next, in the
在路側機5中,係在訊息控制部61中,若在無線LAN通訊部51接收由步行者終端1被送訊的訊息(ST201),將該訊息由無線LAN通訊部51傳送至車載終端3(ST202)。In the
在車載終端3中,若在步行者-車輛間通訊部33接收由步行者終端1被送訊的訊息、或在無線LAN通訊部34接收由路側機5被送訊的訊息時(ST301),在衝撞判定部43中,根據訊息所包含的步行者的位置資訊等,進行是否有自身車輛衝撞到步行者的危險性的衝撞判定(ST302)。In the vehicle-mounted
接著,在注意喚起控制部44中,根據衝撞判定部43的判定結果,判定是否必須對駕駛人喚起注意(ST303)。在此,若必須對駕駛人喚起注意(ST303中為Yes),實施對駕駛人喚起注意(ST304)。Next, in the attention calling
接著,說明第1實施形態之車載終端3傳送訊息時的動作順序。圖7係顯示步行者終端1、車載終端3及路側機5的動作順序的流程圖。Next, the operation sequence when the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3中,車輛的引擎被起動時,在通訊方式選擇部42中,選擇傳送訊息時通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊)(ST401)。In the vehicle-mounted
接著,在訊息控制部41中,若在通訊方式選擇部42被選擇出的通訊方式為直接通訊(ST402中為Yes),將包含車輛資訊的訊息,由步行者-車輛間通訊部33傳送至步行者終端1(ST403)。另一方面,若在通訊方式選擇部42被選擇出的通訊方式為間接通訊(ST402中為No),將包含車輛資訊的訊息,由無線LAN通訊部34傳送至路側機5 (ST404)。Next, in the
在路側機5中,係在訊息控制部61中,若在無線LAN通訊部51接收由車載終端3被送訊的訊息(ST501),將該訊息由無線LAN通訊部51傳送至步行者終端1(ST502)。In the
在步行者終端1中,若在步行者-車輛間通訊部13接收由車載終端3被傳送的訊息、或在無線LAN通訊部14接收由路側機5被送訊的訊息時(ST601),在衝撞判定部23中,根據訊息所包含的車輛的位置資訊等,進行是否有車輛衝撞到自身步行者的危險性的衝撞判定(ST602)。In the
接著,在注意喚起控制部44中,根據衝撞判定部23的判定結果,判定是否需要對步行者喚起注意(ST603)。在此,若必須對步行者喚起注意(ST603中為Yes),實施對步行者喚起注意(ST604)。Next, in the attention calling
接著,說明在第1實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的處理。圖8係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)、及在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST403)的順序的流程圖。Next, the process of selecting a communication method performed by the
如圖8(A)所示,在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部14是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。As shown in FIG. 8(A), in the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,由狀態檢測部12等取得自身裝置(自身步行者)的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if the self-device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then the
在此,若由步行者終端1的加速度感測器25的檢測結果,偵測到自身步行者突然開始跑(急加速)、或由方位感測器26的檢測結果,偵測到自身步行者突然變更方向(急回轉)時,判定為危險狀態。此外,若由加速度感測器25的檢測結果,偵測到突然朝下動作,判定為危險狀態。若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the detection result of the
如圖8(B)所示,在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。As shown in FIG. 8(B), in the communication mode selection part 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身裝置(自身車輛)的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then the
在此,若由車載終端3的加速度感測器45的檢測結果,偵測到自身車輛的急加速、或由方位感測器46的檢測結果,偵測到自身車輛的急回轉或蛇行時,判定為危險狀態。若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the detection result of the
(第2實施形態) 接著,說明第2實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖9、圖10係顯示第2實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are explanatory diagrams showing the transmission status of messages in the
在第1實施形態中,係判定步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊),但是在本實施形態中,除了步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態的判定之外,判定步行者或車輛是否位於特定區域內,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。亦即,若步行者或車輛不在危險性低的特定區域,係選擇直接通訊,若進入至特定區域,由狀態資訊,若自身裝置非為危險狀態,則由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。In the first embodiment, it is determined whether the pedestrian or the vehicle is in a dangerous state, and the communication method (direct communication or indirect communication) is selected according to the judgment result, but in this embodiment, whether the pedestrian or the vehicle is in a dangerous state In addition to the judgment, it is judged whether pedestrians or vehicles are located in a specific area, and the communication method is selected according to the judgment result. That is, if the pedestrian or vehicle is not in a specific area with low risk, it will choose direct communication. If it enters a specific area, it will switch from direct communication to indirect communication based on the status information if its own device is not in a dangerous state.
藉此,即使在特定區域內存在多數步行者終端1及車載終端3的情形下,若不在危險狀態,係進行間接通訊,因此可抑制直接通訊(步行者-車輛間通訊)的壅塞。In this way, even when there are
在本實施形態中,將危險性相對較低的區域設為特定區域。例如,如圖9(A)所示,在以道路護攔或植樹帶等防護構造物而分離出步道與車道的道路中,即使為十字路口,亦危險性低。因此,在本實施形態中,將滿足如上所示之預定條件且危險性低的十字路口的周邊區域設為特定區域,若步行者或車輛進入至如上所示之十字路口的周邊區域內,由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。In this embodiment, a relatively low risk area is set as a specific area. For example, as shown in FIG. 9(A), in roads separated from footpaths and lanes by protective structures such as road barriers or tree planting belts, even if it is an intersection, the risk is low. Therefore, in this embodiment, the surrounding area of the crossroad that satisfies the predetermined conditions shown above and is low in risk is set as a specific area, and if pedestrians or vehicles enter the surrounding area of the intersection as shown above, the Direct communication is switched to indirect communication.
此外,在平交道的周邊,由於車輛在平交道暫時停止,因此車輛的移動速度慢,因此危險性低。因此,在本實施形態中,如圖9(B)所示,將平交道的周邊區域設為特定區域,若步行者或車輛進入至平交道的周邊區域內,由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。In addition, in the periphery of the level crossing, since the vehicle temporarily stops on the level crossing, the moving speed of the vehicle is slow, so the risk is low. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9(B), the surrounding area of the level crossing is set as a specific area. If pedestrians or vehicles enter the surrounding area of the level crossing, direct communication is switched to indirect communication.
此外,在公車站的周邊,係有欲乘上公車的人被誤認為危險性高的人(欲衝出或橫越馬路的人)之虞。因此,想乘上公車的人係將表示該情形的資訊,傳送至設置在公車站周邊的路側機5,被設置在公車站周邊的路側機5係識別其是否為欲乘上公車的人,僅將除了欲乘上公車的人之外之欲衝出或橫越馬路的人的步行者資訊傳送至周邊的車輛。如上所示,在公車站的周邊,係形成為透過路側機5的間接通訊,藉此可避免欲乘上公車的人被誤認為正在衝出或橫越馬路。因此,在本實施形態中,如圖10所示,將公車站的周邊區域設為特定區域,若進入至公車站的周邊區域內,步行者或車輛由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。其中,若存在停車在公車站附近的車輛,由路側機5對該停車車輛進行警告,藉此亦可避免公車無法停車在公車站的問題。In addition, around the bus stop, people who want to get on the bus may be mistaken for high-risk people (people who want to rush out or cross the road). Therefore, the people who want to get on the bus will transmit the information indicating the situation to the
接著,說明在第2實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)的順序。圖11係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST103 in FIG. 6 ) performed by the
在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部14是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。In the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,由測位部11取得自身步行者的位置資訊(ST711)。接著,根據自身步行者的位置資訊、及被記憶在記憶部17的地圖資訊,判定自身步行者是否位於特定區域內(ST712)。在此,自身步行者若非位於特定區域(ST712中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then the
另一方面,若自身步行者位於特定區域(ST712中為Yes),接著,與第1實施形態同樣地,由狀態檢測部12等取得自身步行者的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if the own pedestrian is located in the specific area (Yes in ST712), then, similar to the first embodiment, the
在此,若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),則選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the own pedestrian is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST703), direct communication is selected (ST704). On the other hand, if the pedestrian is not in a dangerous state (No in ST703), indirect communication is selected (ST705).
其中,在圖11中係顯示在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22所進行的處理的順序,但是在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42,亦以與此同樣的順序,進行通訊方式選擇的處理。11 shows the sequence of processing performed by the communication
(第3實施形態) 接著,說明第3實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖12係顯示第3實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission status of messages in the
在第2實施形態中,若步行者或車輛位於特定區域內,選擇間接通訊,但是在本實施形態中,若步行者或車輛位於特定區域內,而且,步行者或車輛的危險性降低的特定條件成立時,在位於特定區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3選擇間接通訊。尤其在本實施形態中,將特定區域設為平交道的周邊區域,按照截路機是否為許可通行狀態作為特定條件,選擇通訊方式。In the second embodiment, if pedestrians or vehicles are located in a specific area, indirect communication is selected, but in this embodiment, if pedestrians or vehicles are located in a specific area, and the specific communication method that reduces the risk of pedestrians or vehicles When the condition is satisfied, the
具體而言,如圖12(A)所示,即使步行者或車輛位於特定區域內,若截路機為許可通行狀態(截路機升起的狀態),步行者終端1及車載終端3係選擇直接通訊。另一方面,如圖12(B)所示,若截路機形成禁止通行狀態(截路機下降的狀態),位於平交道的周邊區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3係由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12(A), even if pedestrians or vehicles are located in a specific area, if the road cutter is in the state of permitting passage (the state of the road cutter raised), the
藉此,若截路機為禁止通行狀態,由於車輛在平交道暫時停止,因此車輛的移動速度慢,平交道的周邊區域由於危險性降低,因此即使將位於平交道的周邊區域內的終端裝置形成為間接通訊,亦可避免安全性降低。In this way, if the road cutter is in the prohibited state, the vehicle will temporarily stop on the level crossing, so the moving speed of the vehicle will be slow, and the surrounding area of the level crossing will be less dangerous, so even if the terminal device located in the surrounding area of the level crossing is The formation of indirect communication can also avoid the reduction of security.
此外,在本實施形態中,路側機5由控制截路機的平交道控制裝置7,取得截路機的動作資訊,將該截路機的動作資訊附加在訊息而由路側機5傳送至步行者終端1或車載終端3,藉此,步行者終端1或車載終端3取得截路機的動作資訊。In addition, in this embodiment, the
接著,說明在第3實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)的順序。圖13係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST103 in FIG. 6 ) performed by the
在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照是否在無線LAN通訊部14已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,來判定自身裝置是否為路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置非為路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。In the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,由測位部11取得自身步行者的位置資訊(ST711)。接著,根據自身步行者的位置資訊、及被記憶在記憶部17的地圖資訊,判定自身步行者是否位於平交道的周邊區域內(ST721)。在此,若自身步行者非位於平交道的周邊區域內(ST721中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then the
另一方面,若自身裝置位於平交道的周邊區域內(ST721中為Yes),接著,由平交道控制裝置7取得截路機的動作資訊(ST722)。On the other hand, if the own device is located in the surrounding area of the level crossing (Yes in ST721), then the level
接著,根據截路機的動作資訊,判定截路機是否為禁止通行狀態(ST723)。在此,若截路機非為禁止通行狀態,亦即截路機為許可通行狀態(ST723中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。Then, according to the action information of the road cutter, it is determined whether the road cutter is in the state of prohibiting traffic (ST723). Here, if the road interceptor is not in the state of prohibiting traffic, that is, the road interceptor is in the state of permitting traffic (No in ST723), select direct communication (ST704).
另一方面,若截路機為禁止通行狀態(ST723中為Yes),接著,與第1實施形態同樣地,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身步行者的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if the road cutter is in the prohibited state (Yes in ST723), then, similar to the first embodiment, the
在此,若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若自身步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the own pedestrian is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST703), direct communication is selected (ST704). On the other hand, if the self-walker is not in a dangerous state (No in ST703), indirect communication is selected (ST705).
其中,在圖13中係顯示在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22所進行的處理的順序,但是在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42,亦以與此同樣的順序,進行通訊方式選擇的處理。Wherein, in Fig. 13, the sequence of processing performed by the communication
(第4實施形態) 接著,說明第4實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖14係顯示第4實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission status of messages in the
在第3實施形態中,若步行者或車輛位於危險性低的平交道的周邊區域,而且截路機為禁止通行狀態,在位於平交道的周邊區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3選擇間接通訊,但是在本實施形態中,若特定車輛接近停車場,在位於停車場周邊的特定區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3選擇間接通訊。尤其在本實施形態中,係將特定車輛設為公車(路線公車),且將停車場設為公車站來進行說明。In the third embodiment, if pedestrians or vehicles are located in the surrounding area of a low-risk level crossing, and the road cutter is in a prohibited state, the
具體而言,如圖14(A)所示,若公車離公車站不在預定距離以內,在位於公車站的周邊區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3,係選擇直接通訊。另一方面,如圖14(B)所示,若公車接近至離公車站為預定距離以內時,在位於公車站的周邊區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3,係由直接通訊切換成間接通訊。其中,若公車從公車站發車而離公車站為遠離預定距離以上時,即恢復成直接通訊。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14(A), if the bus is not within a predetermined distance from the bus stop, the
其中,公車的車載終端3係常時以直接通訊傳送訊息。Among them, the vehicle-mounted
藉此,使公車的車載終端3的直接通訊優先,限制位於公車站的周邊區域內的步行者終端1及車載終端3的直接通訊,藉此可抑制直接通訊的壅塞,並且可迅速且確實地對公車站周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知公車的接近。尤其,藉由對停車在公車站的周邊區域的車輛駕駛人通知公車的接近,可以使車輛由公車站的周邊區域迅速移動的方式進行導引。In this way, the direct communication of the vehicle-mounted
此外,在本實施形態中,係將表示自身車輛為公車的資訊作為屬性資訊而附加在訊息進行送訊。藉此,可辨識接近公車站的車輛是否為公車。In addition, in this embodiment, information indicating that the own vehicle is a bus is added to the message as attribute information and transmitted. Thereby, it can be identified whether the vehicle approaching the bus stop is a bus.
接著,說明在第4實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST401)的順序。圖15係顯示在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST401 in FIG. 7) performed by the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。In the communication mode selection section 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,由測位部31取得自身車輛的位置資訊(ST811)。接著,根據自身車輛的位置資訊、及被記憶在記憶部37的地圖資訊,判定自身車輛是否位於公車站的周邊區域內(ST812)。在此,若自身車輛不位於公車站的周邊區域內(ST812中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then the location information of the own vehicle is acquired by the positioning unit 31 (ST811). Next, it is determined whether the own vehicle is located in the surrounding area of the bus stop based on the position information of the own vehicle and the map information stored in the memory unit 37 (ST812). Here, if the own vehicle is not located in the surrounding area of the bus stop (No in ST812), direct communication is selected (ST804).
另一方面,若自身車輛位於公車站的周邊區域內(ST812中為Yes),接著,取得所接收到的訊息所包含的其他車輛的屬性資訊及位置資訊(ST813)。接著,根據屬性資訊及位置資訊、及被記憶在記憶部37的地圖資訊,判定公車是否已接近至離公車站為預定距離以內(ST814)。在此,若公車未接近至離公車站為預定距離以內(ST814中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。On the other hand, if the own vehicle is located in the surrounding area of the bus stop (Yes in ST812), then the attribute information and position information of other vehicles included in the received message are acquired (ST813). Next, it is determined whether the bus has approached within a predetermined distance from the bus stop based on the attribute information, position information, and map information stored in the memory unit 37 (ST814). Here, if the bus does not approach within a predetermined distance from the bus stop (No in ST814), direct communication is selected (ST804).
另一方面,若公車已接近至離公車站為預定距離以內(ST814中為Yes),接著,與第1實施形態同樣地,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身車輛的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if the bus has approached within the predetermined distance from the bus stop (Yes in ST814), then, as in the first embodiment, the status information of the own vehicle is acquired by the
在此,若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the own vehicle is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST803), direct communication is selected (ST804). On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not in a dangerous state (No in ST803), indirect communication is selected (ST805).
其中,在圖15中係顯示在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42所進行的處理的順序,但是在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22,亦以與此同樣的順序,進行通訊方式選擇的處理。15 shows the sequence of processing performed by the communication method selection section 42 of the vehicle-mounted
此外,在本實施形態中,係將公車(路線公車)設為特定車輛,但是亦可將其他共乘汽車,例如計程車設為特定車輛。此時,計程車搭乘處即成為特定車輛的停車場(上下車處)。In addition, in this embodiment, a bus (route bus) is used as a specific vehicle, but other shared cars such as taxis may be used as a specific vehicle. In this case, the taxi stand becomes a parking lot (a pick-up and drop-off place) for specific vehicles.
此外,在本實施形態中,係根據公車的位置資訊、及包含公車站的位置資訊的地圖資訊,判定公車是否已接近至離公車站為預定距離以內,但是亦可在位於公車站的周邊區域的步行者終端1或車載終端3中,公車進入至步行者-車輛間通訊的通訊範圍內,而可接收由公車的車載終端3被傳送的訊息,藉此判定公車為已接近至離公車站為預定距離以內者。In addition, in this embodiment, it is determined whether the bus is within a predetermined distance from the bus stop based on the location information of the bus and the map information including the location information of the bus stop, but it may also be located in the surrounding area of the bus stop In the
(第5實施形態) 接著,說明第5實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖16係顯示第5實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。(Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission status of messages in the
在第1實施形態中,係判定步行者是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊),但是在本實施形態中,除了步行者是否為危險狀態的判定之外,判定存在於周邊的其他步行者終端1是否已正在進行直接通訊,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。亦即,若其他步行者終端1已正在進行直接通訊,係選擇間接通訊,若不存在已正在進行直接通訊的其他步行者終端1,係選擇直接通訊。In the first embodiment, it is determined whether the pedestrian is in a dangerous state, and the communication method (direct communication or indirect communication) is selected according to the judgment result, but in this embodiment, in addition to the judgment of whether the pedestrian is in a dangerous state , it is determined whether
藉此,使先開始直接通訊的步行者終端1優先,而限制其他步行者終端1的直接通訊,藉此可抑制直接通訊的壅塞。Thereby, priority is given to the
此外,在本實施形態中,根據由其他步行者終端1被傳送的訊息,判定其他步行者終端1是否已正在進行直接通訊。當由步行者終端1以直接通訊對車載終端3傳送訊息時,由於訊息以廣播被送訊,因此存在於周邊的其他步行者終端1係可接收訊息。In addition, in this embodiment, based on the message transmitted from the
此外,由進行直接通訊的步行者終端1,將表示為直接通訊的通訊方式資訊附加在訊息來進行送訊,藉此,其他步行者終端1係可辨識其為以直接通訊被送訊的訊息。In addition, the
接著,說明在第5實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)的順序。圖17係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST103 in FIG. 6 ) performed by the
在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。In the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,取得在預定時間內所接收到的訊息所包含的通訊方式資訊(ST731)。接著,根據通訊方式資訊,判定是否在預定時間內已接收到由其他步行者終端1以直接通訊被傳送的訊息(ST732)。在此,若在預定時間內未接收到以直接通訊被傳送的訊息(ST732中為No),係選擇直接通訊(ST704)。On the other hand, if the self-device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then the communication method information included in the message received within a predetermined time is acquired (ST731). Next, based on the communication method information, it is determined whether a message transmitted by direct communication from another
另一方面,若在預定時間內接收到以直接通訊被傳送的訊息(ST732中為Yes),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身步行者的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if a message transmitted by direct communication is received within a predetermined time period (Yes in ST732), then the status information of the own pedestrian is acquired by the
在此,若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若自身步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the own pedestrian is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST703), direct communication is selected (ST704). On the other hand, if the self-walker is not in a dangerous state (No in ST703), indirect communication is selected (ST705).
其中,在本實施形態中,若步行者終端1在預定時間內接收到來自進行直接通訊的其他步行者終端1的訊息,選擇間接通訊,但是亦可從發現進行直接通訊的其他步行者終端1之後至經過預定時間為止,繼續間接通訊,若經過預定時間,則解除限制直接通訊的狀態而恢復成直接通訊。Among them, in this embodiment, if the
此外,若進行直接通訊的步行者終端1將指示在預定時間不進行直接通訊的通訊方式指示資訊附加在訊息來進行送訊,且其他步行者終端1接收包含該通訊方式指示資訊的訊息時,該步行者終端1亦可在預定時間不進行直接通訊。In addition, if the
此外,在圖17中係顯示在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22所進行的處理的順序,但是在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42,亦以與此同樣的順序,進行通訊方式選擇的處理。In addition, in FIG. 17 , the sequence of processing performed by the communication
(第6實施形態) 接著,說明第6實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖18係顯示第6實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。(Sixth Embodiment) Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission status of messages in the
在第1實施形態中,判定步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊),但是在本實施形態中,除了步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態的判定之外,判定在自身裝置的預定距離以內是否存在特定車輛,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。亦即,若在自身裝置的預定距離以內發現特定車輛,由直接通訊切換成間接通訊,若自身裝置的預定距離以內的特定車輛不在,則恢復成直接通訊。In the first embodiment, it is determined whether a pedestrian or a vehicle is in a dangerous state, and a communication method (direct communication or indirect communication) is selected according to the judgment result. In addition to the judgment, it is judged whether there is a specific vehicle within a predetermined distance from the own device, and a communication method is selected according to the judgment result. That is, if a specific vehicle is found within the predetermined distance of the own device, the direct communication is switched to indirect communication, and if the specific vehicle within the predetermined distance of the own device is not present, the direct communication is restored.
其中,特定車輛係常時以直接通訊傳送訊息。Among them, the specific vehicle system often transmits messages by direct communication.
藉此,使被裝載在特定車輛的車載終端3的直接通訊優先,限制存在於特定車輛的周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3的直接通訊,藉此可抑制直接通訊的壅塞,並且可迅速且確實地對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知特定車輛的存在。In this way, the direct communication of the vehicle-mounted
尤其,在本實施形態中,係將救護車或消防車等緊急車輛設為特定車輛。此外,在本實施形態中,緊急車輛的車載終端3係常時以直接通訊傳送訊息。此外,緊急車輛的車載終端3係將表示為緊急車輛的屬性資訊附加在訊息來進行送訊。藉此,步行者終端1可識別為緊急車輛。此外,在本實施形態中,根據由緊急車輛的車載終端3所接收到的訊息所包含的緊急車輛的位置資訊、及自身步行者的位置資訊,算出緊急車輛與自身裝置的距離,判定在自身裝置的預定距離以內是否存在特定車輛。其中,步行者終端1係若自身步行者為危險行動多的人物,若事前警告不要進行衝出等即可。此外,預定距離亦可依步行者而異。In particular, in this embodiment, emergency vehicles such as ambulances and fire trucks are used as specific vehicles. In addition, in this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted
接著,說明在第6實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)的順序。圖19係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST103 in FIG. 6 ) performed by the
在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部14是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。In the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,取得由車載終端3所接收到的訊息所包含的位置資訊及屬性資訊(ST741)。接著,根據車載終端3的位置資訊及屬性資訊,判定在自身步行者的預定距離以內是否存在緊急車輛(ST742)。在此,若在自身步行者的預定距離以內不存在緊急車輛(ST742中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。On the other hand, if the self-device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then the location information and attribute information contained in the message received by the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若在自身步行者的預定距離以內存在緊急車輛(ST742中為Yes),接著,由狀態檢測部12等取得自身步行者的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if there is an emergency vehicle within a predetermined distance from the own pedestrian (Yes in ST742), then the
在此,若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the own pedestrian is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST703), direct communication is selected (ST704). On the other hand, if the pedestrian is not in a dangerous state (No in ST703), indirect communication is selected (ST705).
其中,在圖19中係顯示在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22所進行的處理的順序,但是在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42,亦以與此同樣的順序,進行通訊方式選擇的處理。19 shows the sequence of processing performed by the communication
此外,在本實施形態中,根據緊急車輛的位置資訊與自身裝置的位置資訊,判定在自身裝置的預定距離以內是否存在緊急車輛,但是亦可在步行者終端1或車載終端3中,緊急車輛進入至步行者-車輛間通訊的通訊範圍內,而可接收由緊急車輛的車載終端3被傳送的訊息,藉此判定為在自身裝置的預定距離以內存在緊急車輛者。In addition, in this embodiment, it is determined whether there is an emergency vehicle within a predetermined distance from the own device based on the position information of the emergency vehicle and the position information of the own device. A person who enters the communication range of the pedestrian-vehicle communication and can receive a message transmitted from the vehicle-mounted
此外,在本實施形態中,若在自身裝置的預定距離以內存在特定車輛,選擇間接通訊,若自身裝置的預定距離以內的特定車輛不在,則恢復成直接通訊,但是亦可從發現緊急車輛至經過預定時間為止,繼續間接通訊,若經過預定時間,則解除限制直接通訊的狀態而恢復成直接通訊。In addition, in this embodiment, if there is a specific vehicle within a predetermined distance of the own device, indirect communication is selected, and if the specific vehicle within the predetermined distance of the own device is not present, direct communication is restored, but it is also possible to communicate from the discovery of an emergency vehicle to The indirect communication is continued until the predetermined time elapses, and when the predetermined time elapses, the state of restricting the direct communication is released and the direct communication is resumed.
此外,亦可緊急車輛的車載終端3在訊息附加指示在預定時間不進行直接通訊的通訊方式指示資訊來進行送訊,若步行者終端1或其他車載終端3接收包含該通訊方式指示資訊的訊息時,該步行者終端1或其他車載終端3在預定時間不會進行直接通訊。In addition, the vehicle-mounted
此外,亦可若緊急車輛接近至自身裝置的預定距離以內時,選擇間接通訊,若緊急車輛通過自身裝置的近旁,則恢復成直接通訊。In addition, if the emergency vehicle approaches within the predetermined distance of the self-device, indirect communication may be selected, and if the emergency vehicle passes near the self-device, the direct communication may be restored.
(第7實施形態) 接著,說明第7實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖20係顯示第7實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。圖21係顯示優先度表格的登錄內容的說明圖。(Seventh Embodiment) Next, a seventh embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the transmission status of messages in the
在前述之實施形態中,判定步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊),但是在本實施形態中,除了步行者或車輛是否為危險狀態的判定之外,根據存在於自身裝置的周邊的移動體的類別(步行者、腳踏車、高齡者用車、汽車、摩托車等),選擇通訊方式。亦即,按照在自身裝置的周邊存在步行者、或在自身裝置的周邊存在什麼類別的車輛,相對選擇通訊方式。In the foregoing embodiments, it is determined whether pedestrians or vehicles are in a dangerous state, and the communication method (direct communication or indirect communication) is selected according to the judgment result. In addition to the judgment, the communication method is selected according to the type of mobile objects (pedestrians, bicycles, vehicles for the elderly, automobiles, motorcycles, etc.) that exist around the self-device. That is, the communication method is relatively selected according to whether pedestrians exist around the own device or what type of vehicles exist around the own device.
尤其在本實施形態中,係預先按每個移動體的類別,設定直接通訊的優先度,在車載終端3中,將自身車輛的優先度、與存在於自身車輛的周邊的步行者及其他車輛的優先度進行比較,來選擇自身裝置的通訊方式。具體而言,若有比自己為優先度高的終端,選擇間接通訊,若有比自己為優先度低的終端,則選擇直接通訊。In particular, in this embodiment, the priority of direct communication is set in advance for each type of mobile body, and the vehicle-mounted
在此,若移動速度快,危險性高。此外,若移動速度快,在短時間通過路側機5的通訊區域,因此以間接通訊傳送訊息的機會少,不太有切換成間接通訊的優點。因此,在本實施形態中,移動速度愈快,優先度設定愈高,在移動速度快的終端中,係選擇直接通訊,在移動速度慢的終端,則選擇間接通訊。Here, if the moving speed is fast, the danger is high. In addition, if the moving speed is fast, it will pass through the communication area of the
具體而言,在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,根據圖21所示之優先度表格、及自身裝置及存在於周邊的步行者終端1及車載終端3的屬性資訊,選擇通訊方式。其中,優先度表格係被記憶在記憶部37。此外,藉由在訊息附加屬性資訊來進行送訊,在車載終端3中,可判別在自身裝置的周邊是否存在步行者,此外,在自身裝置的周邊存在什麼類別的車輛。Specifically, in the communication method selection unit 42 of the vehicle-mounted
在優先度表格係登錄有對應終端屬性(步行者、腳踏車、高齡者用車、汽車、摩托車)的優先度,根據優先度表格,由自身裝置的終端屬性,取得自身裝置的優先度,由存在於周邊的步行者終端1及車載終端3的終端屬性,取得步行者終端1及車載終端3的優先度。將自身車輛的優先度、與存在於自身車輛的周邊的其他車輛的優先度相比較,選擇自身裝置的通訊方式。The priority of the corresponding terminal attribute (pedestrian, bicycle, car for the elderly, automobile, motorcycle) is registered in the priority table system, and the priority of the own device is obtained from the terminal attribute of the own device according to the priority table, and is obtained by The terminal attribute of the
在此,汽車或摩托車等高速車輛係優先度最高。因此,在高速車輛的車載終端3中,係常時選擇直接通訊。Here, high-speed vehicles such as automobiles and motorcycles have the highest priority. Therefore, in the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,高齡者用車或腳踏車等低速車輛係優先度高於步行者,且低於高速車輛。因此,在低速車輛的車載終端3中,若在周邊存在步行者,係形成為直接通訊。此外,若在周邊不存在步行者,而且,在周邊存在汽車或摩托車等高速車輛時,係選擇間接通訊,若成為危險狀態,則選擇直接通訊。On the other hand, low-speed vehicles such as cars and bicycles for the elderly have higher priority than pedestrians and lower priority than high-speed vehicles. Therefore, in the vehicle-mounted
其中,步行者係優先度最低。因此,在步行者終端1中,在平常狀態下係常時形成為間接通訊,若成為危險狀態,則選擇直接通訊。Among them, the Pacers have the lowest priority. Therefore, in the
例如,如圖20(A)所示,若有步行者,在步行者終端1中係選擇間接通訊,在腳踏車或高齡者用車或摩托車或汽車的車載終端3中,係選擇直接通訊。另一方面,如圖20(B)所示,若無步行者,在腳踏車或高齡者用車的車載終端3中,係選擇間接通訊,在摩托車或汽車的車載終端3中,則選擇直接通訊。For example, as shown in FIG. 20(A), if there is a pedestrian, the
如上所示,在本實施形態中,使移動速度快而危險性高的車輛的車載終端3的直接通訊優先,而限制其他車載終端3或步行者終端1的直接通訊,藉此可抑制直接通訊的壅塞,並且可迅速且確實地對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人通知移動速度快而危險性高的車輛的存在。As described above, in this embodiment, priority is given to direct communication with vehicle-mounted
其中,有步行者終端1的持有人乘坐在腳踏車或高齡者用車的情形。此時,若將表示正在乘坐在腳踏車或高齡者用車的資訊作為屬性資訊而附加在訊息來進行送訊即可。接著,在步行者終端1中,若在周邊存在步行者,形成為直接通訊,若在周邊不存在步行者,而存在摩托車或汽車等高速車輛時,則形成為間接通訊。Among them, there is a case where the owner of the
接著,說明在第7實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST401)的順序。圖22係顯示在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST401 in FIG. 7 ) performed by the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。In the communication mode selection section 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,取得被記憶在記憶部37的自身車輛的車輛屬性資訊(ST821)。接著,根據自身車輛的車輛屬性資訊,判定自身車輛是否為汽車或摩托車等高速車輛(ST822)。在此,若自身車輛為高速車輛(ST822中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then the vehicle attribute information of the own vehicle stored in the
另一方面,若自身車輛非為高速車輛,亦即為高齡者用車或腳踏車等低速車輛時(ST822中為No),接著,取得由步行者終端1或其他車載終端3所接收到的訊息所包含的屬性資訊(ST823)。接著,判定在自身車輛的周邊是否存在步行者(ST824)。在此,若在自身車輛的周邊存在步行者(ST824中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。On the other hand, if the self-vehicle is not a high-speed vehicle, that is, a low-speed vehicle such as a car for the elderly or a bicycle (No in ST822), then obtain the message received by the
另一方面,若在自身車輛的周邊不存在步行者(ST824中為No),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身車輛的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if there are no pedestrians around the own vehicle (No in ST824), then the
在此,若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the own vehicle is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST803), direct communication is selected (ST804). On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not in a dangerous state (No in ST803), indirect communication is selected (ST805).
其中,在步行者終端1中,係與圖8(A)所示之例同樣地,在通訊方式選擇部22中,若為危險狀態,選擇直接通訊,若非為危險狀態,則選擇間接通訊。Wherein, in the
(第8實施形態) 接著,說明第8實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。(Eighth Embodiment) Next, an eighth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment.
在前述之實施形態中,步行者終端1或車載終端3個別選擇自身裝置的通訊方式(直接通訊或間接通訊),但是在本實施形態中,路側機5管理存在於周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3的通訊方式。亦即,路側機5由步行者終端1或車載終端3收集選擇通訊方式所需的裝置資訊,決定步行者終端1或車載終端3的通訊方式,對步行者終端1或車載終端3通知所決定出的通訊方式,在步行者終端1或車載終端3中,以路側機5所決定的通訊方式來使訊息傳送。In the above-mentioned embodiment, the
接著,說明第8實施形態之路側機5的概略構成。圖23係顯示路側機5的概略構成的區塊圖。Next, a schematic configuration of the
路側機5係與第1實施形態(參照圖5)同樣地,具備有:無線LAN通訊部51、控制部52、及記憶部53。The
無線LAN通訊部51係藉由WiFi(註冊商標)等無線LAN通訊,接收由步行者終端1或車載終端3被傳送的訊息,此外,將所接收到的訊息以廣播傳送至步行者終端1或車載終端3。其中,步行者終端1或車載終端3係傳送通訊方式的選擇所需的狀態資訊,亦即,包含狀態檢測部12、32的檢測結果、位置資訊及屬性資訊的訊息。The wireless
記憶部53係記憶在構成控制部52的處理器被執行的程式等。此外,記憶部53係記憶由步行者終端1或車載終端3所接收到的訊息所包含的狀態資訊。The
控制部52係具備有:訊息控制部61、及通訊方式選擇部62。The
通訊方式選擇部62係由記憶部53取得周邊的步行者及車輛的狀態資訊,根據該狀態資訊、及被記憶在記憶部53的地圖資訊,判定周邊的步行者及車輛是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇通訊方式。The communication
訊息控制部61若在無線LAN通訊部51接收由步行者終端1或車載終端3被傳送的訊息,將該訊息由無線LAN通訊部51傳送至步行者終端1或車載終端3。此外,訊息控制部61係對步行者終端1或車載終端3傳送包含指示以在通訊方式選擇部62所選擇出的通訊方式傳送訊息的通訊方式指示資訊的訊息。The
在步行者終端1及車載終端3中,若由路側機5接收包含通訊方式指示資訊的訊息,根據通訊方式指示資訊,以所被指示的通訊方式傳送訊息。亦即,步行者終端1及車載終端3係若由路側機5被指示出直接通訊,藉由步行者-車輛間通訊部,將訊息傳送至周邊的步行者終端1及車載終端3,若被指示出間接通訊,則藉由無線LAN通訊部,將訊息傳送至路側機5。In the
其中,在本實施形態中,係在路側機5進行在第1實施形態中在步行者終端1或車載終端3進行之根據狀態資訊的通訊方式選擇的處理,但是亦可在路側機5進行在其他實施形態中在步行者終端1或車載終端3進行的通訊方式選擇的處理。尤其,在路側機5進行通訊方式選擇的處理的構成係如第2、第3、第4實施形態般,適於管理存在於特定區域(平交道的周邊區域或公車站的周邊區域)內的步行者終端1或車載終端3的通訊方式的情形。Wherein, in the present embodiment, the process of selecting the communication mode based on the status information performed in the
此外,亦可在步行者終端1或車載終端3進行如上所示之通訊方式選擇的處理的一部分。例如,亦可根據位置資訊的判定在路側機5進行,根據狀態檢測部12、32的檢測結果的判定係在步行者終端1或車載終端3進行。In addition, a part of the above-described communication method selection process may be performed in the
(第9實施形態) 接著,說明第9實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖24係顯示第9實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的收送訊狀況的說明圖。(Ninth Embodiment) Next, a ninth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing the status of sending and receiving messages in the
在前述之實施形態中,在步行者終端1中,根據關於自身裝置的狀態的裝置資訊,判定步行者是否為危險狀態,按照該判定結果,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方的通訊方式,以其一方通訊方式傳送訊息,但是若在直接通訊發生通訊錯誤,有以間接通訊,訊息較快到達車載終端3的情形。因此,在本實施形態中,若預定條件成立,選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,將訊息傳送至周邊的車載終端3。In the above-mentioned embodiment, in the
尤其在本實施形態中,在步行者終端1中,自身步行者是否為危險狀態的判定之前,判定自身步行者是否為特定人物,若自身步行者為特定人物,則無關於自身步行者是否為危險狀態,選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。Especially in this embodiment, in the
此時,在周邊的車載終端3中,由步行者終端1,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式接收訊息,但是將以任何通訊方式先正常接收到的訊息使用作為收訊結果,按照先正常接收到的訊息,進行衝撞判定。其中,亦可將以直接通訊及間接通訊的各通訊方式所接收到的訊息合成。At this time, in the surrounding vehicle-mounted
在此,在步行者終端1中,關於自身步行者是否為特定人物的資訊作為關於自身步行者的屬性的裝置資訊而預先被記憶在記憶部17。此時,例如,將自身步行者已採取危險行動,作為危險行動履歷而蓄積在記憶部17,且根據該危險行動履歷,若自身步行者在過去已採取眾多危險行動時,具體而言,若在過去的預定期間內已採取危險行動的次數為預定次數以上時,若將自身步行者設定為特定人物即可。此外,若以有失智症或其他宿疾等理由,由本人或家族等保護者有監護的請求時,亦可將自身步行者設定為特定人物。此時,本人或家族等保護者以步行者終端1進行特定人物的登錄操作即可。Here, in the
此外,若平交道的截路機已降下,卻位於平交道內時,步行者終端1亦可將自身步行者設定為特定人物。此時,被認為高齡者等因在橫越平交道中感到身體不舒服等理由,在平交道內變得無法行動,而截路機已降下。如上所示之情形非常危險,因此必須緊急對列車通知在平交道內有人,因此使用直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方乃為有效。截路機是否已降下的資訊若設為由監視設在截路機的路側機或截路機的攝影機等接收即可。或者,亦可由從設在列車的車載終端所接收的列車的位置資訊,若與自身步行者的距離接近,將自身步行者設定為特定人物。In addition, if the road interceptor of the level crossing has been lowered but is located in the level crossing, the
其中,在許可使用直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方的特定人物,以廣義的步行者而言,亦可包含:腳踏車、輪椅、電動輪椅、高齡者用車、農機等。Among them, specific persons on both sides of the permission to use direct communication and indirect communication, in a broad sense of pedestrians, may also include: bicycles, wheelchairs, electric wheelchairs, vehicles for the elderly, agricultural machinery, etc.
接著,說明由第9實施形態之步行者終端1被傳送的訊息。圖25係顯示由步行者終端1所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。Next, the message transmitted from the
在步行者終端1的訊息控制部21中,按照ITS通訊的訊息的格式,生成步行者-車輛間通訊的訊息。在該訊息係有:儲存預定資訊的共通區域;及使用者可儲存任意資訊的自由區域(擴張區域)。在共通區域係儲存有步行者ID(步行者終端1的終端ID)、自身裝置的位置資訊(經度及緯度)等預定資訊。在自由區域係儲存有表示自身步行者是否為特定人物的資訊(特定人物資訊),作為自身步行者的屬性資訊。該特定人物資訊係若自身步行者為特定人物,係成為「1」,若自身步行者非為特定人物,則成為「0」。其中,以其他屬性資訊而言,亦可將持杖等資訊儲存在自由區域。In the
藉由該訊息,可對周邊的車載終端3通知特定人物的存在。藉此,在車載終端3進行對駕駛人喚起注意,藉此供駕駛人注意特定人物。With this information, the presence of a specific person can be notified to the surrounding vehicle-mounted
接著,說明在第9實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖6的ST103)的順序。圖26係顯示在步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST103 in FIG. 6 ) performed by the
在步行者終端1的通訊方式選擇部22中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部14是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。In the communication
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST701中為Yes),接著,判定自身步行者是否為特定人物(ST751)。在此,若自身步行者為特定人物(ST751中為Yes),選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方(ST752)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST701), then it is determined whether the own pedestrian is a specific person (ST751). Here, if the self-walker is a specific person (Yes in ST751), both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected (ST752).
另一方面,若自身步行者非為特定人物(ST751中為No),接著,由狀態檢測部12等取得自身步行者的狀態資訊(ST702)。接著,根據自身步行者的狀態資訊,判定自身步行者是否為危險狀態(ST703)。On the other hand, if the self-walker is not a specific person (No in ST751), then the
在此,若自身步行者為危險狀態(ST703中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST704)。另一方面,若步行者非為危險狀態(ST703中為No),則選擇間接通訊(ST705)。Here, if the own pedestrian is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST703), direct communication is selected (ST704). On the other hand, if the pedestrian is not in a dangerous state (No in ST703), indirect communication is selected (ST705).
(第10實施形態) 接著,說明第10實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。圖27係顯示在第10實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的收送訊狀況的說明圖。(Tenth Embodiment) Next, a tenth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment. Fig. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing the status of sending and receiving messages in the
在第9實施形態中,係在步行者終端1中,若預定條件成立,具體而言,若自身步行者為特定人物,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,將訊息傳送至周邊的車載終端3,但是在本實施形態中,係在車載終端3中,若預定條件成立,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,將訊息傳送至周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3。尤其在本實施形態中,在車載終端3中,若自身車輛為緊急車輛(救護車或消防車等)等特定車輛,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息。In the ninth embodiment, if the predetermined condition is met in the
此時,在周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3中,由特定車輛的車載終端3,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,接收訊息,但是將以任何通訊方式先正常接收到的訊息,使用作為收訊結果,按照先正常接收到的訊息,進行衝撞判定。其中,亦可將以直接通訊及間接通訊的各通訊方式所接收到的訊息進行合成。At this time, in the surrounding
在此,在車載終端3中,關於自身車輛是否為特定車輛的資訊被預先記憶在記憶部37,作為關於自身車輛的屬性的裝置資訊。Here, in the vehicle-mounted
接著,說明由第10實施形態之車載終端3所被送訊的訊息。圖28係顯示由車載終端3所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。Next, the messages transmitted from the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的訊息控制部41中,係按照ITS通訊的訊息的格式,生成步行者-車輛間通訊的訊息。在該訊息係有:儲存預定資訊的共通區域;及使用者可儲存任意資訊的自由區域(擴張區域)。在共通區域係儲存有車輛ID(車載終端3的終端ID)、自身裝置的位置資訊(經度及緯度)等預定資訊。在自由區域係儲存有表示自身車輛是否為特定車輛(緊急車輛)的資訊(特定車輛資訊),作為自身車輛的屬性資訊。該特定車輛資訊係若自身車輛為特定車輛(緊急車輛)時,係成為「1」,若自身車輛非為特定車輛時,則成為「0」。In the
藉由該訊息,可對周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3通知緊急車輛將通行。藉此,在步行者終端1進行對步行者喚起注意,藉此步行者會注意緊急車輛,此外,在車載終端3進行對駕駛人喚起注意,藉此駕駛人以不會妨礙緊急車輛通行的方式駕駛車輛。With this information, it is possible to notify the surrounding
接著,說明在第10實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST401)的順序。圖29係顯示在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST401 in FIG. 7) performed by the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。In the communication mode selection section 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,判定自身車輛是否為特定車輛(ST831)。在此,若自身車輛為特定車輛(ST831中為Yes),選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方(ST832)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then it is determined whether the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (ST831). Here, if the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (Yes in ST831), both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected (ST832).
另一方面,若自身車輛非為特定車輛(ST831中為No),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身車輛的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not a specific vehicle (No in ST831), then the
在此,若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the own vehicle is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST803), direct communication is selected (ST804). On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not in a dangerous state (No in ST803), indirect communication is selected (ST805).
(第11實施形態) 接著,說明第11實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。(Eleventh Embodiment) Next, an eleventh embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment.
在第10實施形態中,在車載終端3中,若自身車輛為緊急車輛(救護車或消防車等)等特定車輛,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,傳送訊息,但是在本實施形態中,係僅在具有關於自身車輛(緊急車輛)為緊急性高的狀態的屬性的裝置資訊的情形下,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,傳送訊息。In the tenth embodiment, in the vehicle-mounted
在此,緊急車輛為緊急性高的狀態係指例如救護車為了攸關生死的患者的急救而緊急行駛的情形、或消防車朝向火災現場緊急行駛的情形、巡邏車追捕犯人的情形等。Here, the state of high urgency of an emergency vehicle means, for example, a situation where an ambulance runs urgently to rescue a life-threatening patient, a fire truck rushes toward a fire scene, or a patrol car chases a prisoner.
此外,自身車輛是否為緊急性高的狀態的判定係根據自身裝置所設定之關於緊急性的資訊來進行。此時,例如緊急車輛的隊員等在出動時,若在車載終端3進行關於緊急性的資訊的輸入操作即可。此外,亦可在車載終端3中,根據緊急車輛的警報器聲音,偵測緊急性高的狀態。此時,若按照緊急性的高低來變更警報器聲音即可。此外,亦可接收出動請求,在送回對該請求的響應的時點,判斷為緊急性高。此外,亦可在緊急車輛裝載與消防救急指令系統進行通訊的通訊裝置,由該通訊裝置,車載終端3取得關於緊急性的資訊。亦可將自身車輛是否為緊急性高的狀態的資訊,作為關於自身車輛的屬性的裝置資訊而記憶在記憶部37,根據該裝置資訊,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息。In addition, the determination of whether the self-vehicle is in a state of high urgency is performed based on the information on urgency set in the self-vehicle. In this case, for example, members of an emergency vehicle may input emergency information on the in-
接著,說明由第11實施形態之車載終端3所被送訊的訊息。圖30係顯示由車載終端3所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。Next, the messages transmitted from the vehicle-mounted
在本實施形態中,與第10實施形態同樣地,在步行者-車輛間通訊的訊息的自由區域儲存有表示自身車輛是否為特定車輛(緊急車輛)的資訊(特定車輛資訊),作為自身車輛的屬性資訊,但是,除此之外,儲存有表示緊急車輛是否為緊急性高的狀態的資訊(緊急狀態資訊)。該緊急狀態資訊係若緊急性高,成為「1」,若緊急性低,則成為「0」。In this embodiment, as in the tenth embodiment, information (specific vehicle information) indicating whether the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (emergency vehicle) is stored in the free area of the message of the pedestrian-vehicle communication as the own vehicle. However, in addition to this, information indicating whether the emergency vehicle is in a state of high urgency (emergency state information) is stored. This urgency information becomes "1" if the urgency is high, and becomes "0" if the urgency is low.
除了藉由該訊息,除了緊急車輛通行之外,可對周邊的步行者終端1或車載終端3通知該緊急車輛為緊急性高的狀態。In addition to the passage of the emergency vehicle by this message, it is possible to notify the surrounding
接著,說明在第11實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST401)的順序。圖31係顯示在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST401 in FIG. 7) performed by the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照是否在無線LAN通訊部34已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,來判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。In the communication mode selection section 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,判定自身車輛是否為特定車輛(ST831)。在此,若自身車輛為特定車輛(ST831中為Yes),接著,判定自身車輛是否為緊急性高的狀態(ST841)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then it is determined whether the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (ST831). Here, if the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (Yes in ST831), then it is determined whether the own vehicle is in a state of high urgency (ST841).
在此,若自身車輛為緊急性高的狀態(ST841中為Yes),選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方(ST832)。Here, if the self-vehicle is in a state of high urgency (Yes in ST841), both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected (ST832).
另一方面,若自身車輛為緊急性低的狀態(ST841中為No)、或自身車輛非為特定車輛(ST831中為No),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身車輛的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if the self-vehicle is in a state of low urgency (No in ST841), or the self-vehicle is not a specific vehicle (No in ST831), then the
在此,若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the own vehicle is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST803), direct communication is selected (ST804). On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not in a dangerous state (No in ST803), indirect communication is selected (ST805).
(第12實施形態) 接著,說明第12實施形態。其中,在此未特別提及之處係與前述實施形態相同。(Twelfth Embodiment) Next, a twelfth embodiment will be described. Among them, the points not particularly mentioned here are the same as the aforementioned embodiment.
在第11實施形態中,若自身車輛為緊急車輛(救護車或消防車等)等特定車輛,而且自身車輛為緊急性高的狀態時,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息,但是在本實施形態中,若自身車輛為特定車輛,而且在自身車輛的周邊步行者多時,僅有特定車輛,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息,步行者則僅以直接通訊及間接通訊的任一單方的通訊方式來傳送訊息。In the eleventh embodiment, if the self-vehicle is a specific vehicle such as an emergency vehicle (ambulance, fire engine, etc.), and the self-vehicle is in a state of high emergency, the message is transmitted by both the direct communication and the indirect communication, However, in this embodiment, if the self-vehicle is a specific vehicle, and there are many pedestrians around the self-vehicle, only the specific vehicle will send messages by means of both direct communication and indirect communication, and the pedestrians will only use direct communication. Communication and indirect communication of any unilateral means of communication to send messages.
在繁華街道等步行者多的場所,車輛駕駛人因注意步行者,因此察覺步行者衝出等危險行動的可能性高,因此對駕駛人喚起注意的緊急性低。此外,由於由複數步行者終端1被同時傳送步行者-車輛間通訊的訊息的可能性高,因此容易發生步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞。因此,僅在自身車輛的周邊步行者多的情形下,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息,藉此可抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,並且對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人早期通知緊急車輛等特定車輛通行的情形。In places where there are many pedestrians such as a busy street, the driver of the vehicle pays attention to the pedestrians, so there is a high possibility of detecting dangerous actions such as rushing out of the pedestrians, so the urgency of calling the driver's attention is low. In addition, since a plurality of
在此,在自身車輛的周邊步行者多與否的判定,若根據存在於周邊的步行者終端1的數量來進行即可。具體而言,對所接收到的訊息的送訊源的步行者終端1的數量進行計數,若步行者終端1的數量成為預定值以上,判定在自身車輛的周邊步行者多即可。此外,亦可根據地圖資訊,若自身車輛位於繁華街道等步行者多的特定區域,判定在自身車輛的周邊步行者多。亦可將在自身車輛的周邊是否步行者多的資訊,作為自身車輛的裝置資訊而記憶在記憶部37,根據該裝置資訊,以直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式傳送訊息。Here, the determination of whether there are many pedestrians around the own vehicle may be based on the number of
接著,說明在第12實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇(圖7的ST401)的順序。圖32係顯示在車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Next, the procedure of communication method selection (ST401 in FIG. 7) performed by the vehicle-mounted
在車載終端3的通訊方式選擇部42中,首先,按照在無線LAN通訊部34是否已接收到由路側機5被傳送的信標訊號,來判定自身裝置是否在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801)。在此,若自身裝置不在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為No),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。In the communication mode selection part 42 of the vehicle-mounted
另一方面,若自身裝置在路側機5的通訊範圍內(ST801中為Yes),接著,判定自身車輛是否為特定車輛(ST831)。在此,若自身車輛為特定車輛(ST831中為Yes),接著,判定在自身車輛的周邊是否步行者多(ST851)。On the other hand, if the own device is within the communication range of the roadside device 5 (Yes in ST801), then it is determined whether the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (ST831). Here, if the own vehicle is a specific vehicle (Yes in ST831), then it is determined whether there are many pedestrians around the own vehicle (ST851).
在此,若在自身車輛的周邊步行者多(ST851中為Yes),選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方(ST832)。Here, if there are many pedestrians around the own vehicle (Yes in ST851), both of direct communication and indirect communication are selected (ST832).
另一方面,若在自身車輛的周邊步行者少(ST851中為No)、或自身車輛非為特定車輛時(ST831中為No),接著,由狀態檢測部32等取得自身車輛的狀態資訊(ST802)。接著,根據自身車輛的狀態資訊,判定自身車輛是否為危險狀態(ST803)。On the other hand, if there are few pedestrians around the own vehicle (No in ST851), or the own vehicle is not a specific vehicle (No in ST831), then the
在此,若自身車輛為危險狀態(ST803中為Yes),選擇直接通訊(ST804)。另一方面,若自身車輛非為危險狀態(ST803中為No),選擇間接通訊(ST805)。Here, if the own vehicle is in a dangerous state (Yes in ST803), direct communication is selected (ST804). On the other hand, if the own vehicle is not in a dangerous state (No in ST803), indirect communication is selected (ST805).
其中,在第9實施形態至第12實施形態中,若預定條件成立,亦即,若步行者為特定人物、或車輛為特定車輛,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,但是除了前述條件之外,亦可若通訊流量為預定值以下,許可選擇直接通訊與間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式。此時,在路側機5中,若監視通訊流量,對步行者終端1及車載終端3通知該通訊流量即可。Among them, in the ninth embodiment to the twelfth embodiment, if the predetermined condition is established, that is, if the pedestrian is a specific person, or the vehicle is a specific vehicle, the communication methods of both direct communication and indirect communication are selected, but in addition to the aforementioned In addition to the conditions, if the communication traffic is below the predetermined value, it is allowed to choose the communication method of both direct communication and indirect communication. At this time, if the
此外,在第9實施形態至第12實施形態中,若預定條件成立,選擇直接通訊及間接通訊之雙方的通訊方式,若預定條件不成立,則按照是否為危險狀態,選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方通訊方式,但是若預定條件不成立,亦可無關於是否為危險狀態,來選擇預定的通訊方式,例如間接通訊。In addition, in the ninth embodiment to the twelfth embodiment, if the predetermined condition is satisfied, the communication method of both direct communication and indirect communication is selected, and if the predetermined condition is not satisfied, the direct communication and the indirect communication are selected according to whether the predetermined condition is dangerous. Either communication method, but if the predetermined condition is not established, the predetermined communication method, such as indirect communication, can also be selected irrespective of whether it is in a dangerous state.
此外,在第9實施形態至第12實施形態中,係由步行者終端1或車載終端3個別進行選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式的處理,但是亦可與第8實施形態同樣地,由路側機5進行選擇直接通訊與間接通訊的任一方或雙方的通訊方式的處理。In addition, in the ninth embodiment to the twelfth embodiment, the
如以上所示,說明實施形態,作為本申請案中所揭示的技術的例示。但是,本揭示中的技術亦可適用在進行變更、置換、附加、省略等的實施形態,而非限定於此。此外,亦可將在上述實施形態中所說明的各構成要素加以組合,而形成為新的實施形態。As described above, the embodiment will be described as an illustration of the technology disclosed in the present application. However, the technology in the present disclosure can be applied also to embodiments in which changes, substitutions, additions, omissions, etc. are performed, and is not limited thereto. Moreover, it is also possible to form a new embodiment by combining each component demonstrated in the said embodiment.
例如,在前述之實施形態中,係在透過路側機的間接通訊採用無線LAN的通訊方式,但是在該間接通訊所採用的通訊方式並非為限定於無線LAN者,亦可以例如在5G(第5世代移動通訊系統)中所採用之利用高SHF帶或EHF帶等高頻帶的通訊方式,進行間接通訊。For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the indirect communication through the roadside machine adopts the wireless LAN communication method, but the communication method used in the indirect communication is not limited to the wireless LAN, and it can also be used in 5G (Article 5) Generation Mobile Communication System) uses the communication method of high frequency band such as high SHF band or EHF band to carry out indirect communication.
此外,在第8實施形態以外的實施形態中,進行直接通訊或進行間接通訊的選擇係由終端裝置按照自身步行者或自身車輛的狀態來自發性選擇,但是亦可由路側機選定進行直接通訊的終端裝置。此時,終端裝置係對路側機通知自身裝置的位置資訊或狀態資訊、或直接通訊的要求等,路側機係若決定許可進行直接通訊的終端裝置,且對終端裝置通知許可或不許可即可。 [產業上可利用性]In addition, in embodiments other than the eighth embodiment, the selection of direct communication or indirect communication is spontaneously selected by the terminal device according to the state of its own pedestrian or its own vehicle, but it can also be selected by the roadside device for direct communication. terminal device. At this time, the terminal device is to notify the roadside device of its location information or status information, or the request for direct communication. If the roadside device is a terminal device that decides to allow direct communication, it is sufficient to notify the terminal device of permission or disapproval. . [industrial availability]
本發明之終端裝置、路側裝置、通訊系統、及通訊方法係有用於作為藉由從在終端裝置間的步行者-車輛間通訊(直接通訊)、與透過路側裝置的間接通訊的2個通訊方式之中,選擇適當的通訊方式,藉此具有可一邊抑制步行者-車輛間通訊的壅塞,一邊對周邊的步行者或車輛駕駛人迅速且確實地通知步行者或車輛的存在的效果,將包含自身裝置的位置資訊的訊息以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的終端裝置、被設置在道路而與終端裝置進行通訊的路側裝置、具備終端裝置及路側裝置的通訊系統、及由終端裝置將訊息以步行者-車輛間通訊傳送至其他終端裝置的通訊方法等。The terminal device, the roadside device, the communication system, and the communication method of the present invention are used as two communication methods through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication (direct communication) between the terminal devices and indirect communication through the roadside device Among them, choosing an appropriate communication method will have the effect of quickly and surely notifying pedestrians or vehicle drivers of the presence of pedestrians or vehicles while suppressing pedestrian-vehicle communication congestion. A terminal device that transmits the position information of its own device to other terminal devices through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication, a roadside device that is installed on a road and communicates with a terminal device, a communication system that includes a terminal device and a roadside device, and a terminal device that communicates with a terminal device A communication method in which the device transmits information to other terminal devices through pedestrian-to-vehicle communication.
1‧‧‧步行者終端(終端裝置)2‧‧‧攜帶式資訊終端3‧‧‧車載終端(終端裝置)4‧‧‧汽車導航裝置5‧‧‧路側機(路側裝置)7‧‧‧平交道控制裝置11‧‧‧測位部12‧‧‧狀態檢測部13‧‧‧步行者-車輛間通訊部(第1通訊部)14‧‧‧無線LAN通訊部(第2通訊部)15‧‧‧輸出入部16‧‧‧控制部17‧‧‧記憶部21‧‧‧訊息控制部22‧‧‧通訊方式選擇部23‧‧‧衝撞判定部24‧‧‧注意喚起控制部25‧‧‧加速度感測器26‧‧‧方位感測器31‧‧‧測位部32‧‧‧狀態檢測部33‧‧‧步行者-車輛間通訊部(第1通訊部)34‧‧‧無線LAN通訊部(第2通訊部)35‧‧‧輸出入部36‧‧‧控制部37‧‧‧記憶部41‧‧‧訊息控制部42‧‧‧通訊方式選擇部43‧‧‧衝撞判定部44‧‧‧注意喚起控制部45‧‧‧加速度感測器46‧‧‧方位感測器51‧‧‧通訊部52‧‧‧控制部53‧‧‧記憶部61‧‧‧訊息控制部62‧‧‧通訊方式選擇部1‧‧‧pedestrian terminal (terminal device) 2‧‧‧portable information terminal 3‧‧‧vehicle terminal (terminal device)4‧‧‧car navigation device5‧‧‧roadside machine (roadside device)7‧‧‧ Level crossing control device 11‧‧‧Positioning unit 12‧‧‧Status detection unit 13‧Pedestrian-vehicle communication unit (first communication unit) 14‧‧Wireless LAN communication unit (second communication unit) 15‧ ‧‧I/O unit 16‧‧‧control unit 17‧‧‧memory unit 21‧‧‧information control unit 22‧‧‧communication mode selection unit 23‧‧‧collision judgment unit 24‧‧‧attention call control unit 25‧‧‧ Acceleration sensor 26‧‧‧Orientation sensor 31‧‧‧Positioning unit 32‧‧‧Status detection unit 33‧‧‧Pedestrian-vehicle communication unit (first communication unit) 34‧‧‧Wireless LAN communication unit (Second Communication Unit) 35‧‧‧I/O Unit 36‧‧‧Control Unit 37‧‧‧Memory Unit 41‧‧‧Message Control Unit 42‧‧‧Communication Mode Selection Unit 43‧‧‧Collision Judgment Unit 44‧‧‧ Attention arousal control unit 45‧‧‧acceleration sensor 46‧‧‧orientation sensor 51‧‧‧communication unit 52‧‧‧control unit 53‧‧‧memory unit 61‧‧‧message control unit 62‧‧‧communication Mode selection department
圖1係第1實施形態之通訊系統的全體構成圖。 圖2係顯示在第1實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3的訊息送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖3係顯示第1實施形態之步行者終端1的概略構成的區塊圖。 圖4係顯示第1實施形態之車載終端3的概略構成的區塊圖。 圖5係顯示第1實施形態之路側機5的概略構成的區塊圖。 圖6係顯示第1實施形態之步行者終端1傳送訊息時的的步行者終端1、車載終端3及路側機5的動作順序的流程圖。 圖7係顯示第1實施形態之車載終端3傳送訊息時的步行者終端1、車載終端3及路側機5的動作順序的流程圖。 圖8係顯示在第1實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖9係顯示第2實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖10係顯示第2實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖11係顯示在第2實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖12係顯示第3實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖13係顯示在第3實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖14係顯示第4實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖15係顯示在第4實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖16係顯示第5實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖17係顯示在第5實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖18係顯示第6實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖19係顯示在第6實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖20係顯示第7實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖21係顯示第7實施形態之優先度表格的登錄內容的說明圖。 圖22係顯示在第7實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖23係顯示第8實施形態之路側機5的概略構成的區塊圖。 圖24係顯示第9實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的收送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖25係顯示由第9實施形態之步行者終端1所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。 圖26係顯示在第9實施形態之步行者終端1所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖27係顯示第10實施形態之步行者終端1及車載終端3中的訊息的收送訊狀況的說明圖。 圖28係顯示由第10實施形態之車載終端3所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。 圖29係顯示在第10實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖30係顯示由第11實施形態之車載終端3所被送訊的訊息的內容的說明圖。 圖31係顯示在第11實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。 圖32係顯示在第12實施形態之車載終端3所進行的通訊方式選擇的順序的流程圖。Fig. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a communication system according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the message transmission status of the
1‧‧‧步行者終端(終端裝置) 1‧‧‧Pedestrian terminal (terminal device)
2‧‧‧攜帶式資訊終端 2‧‧‧Portable information terminal
3‧‧‧車載終端(終端裝置) 3‧‧‧Vehicle terminal (terminal device)
5‧‧‧路側機(路側裝置) 5‧‧‧Roadside machine (roadside device)
11‧‧‧測位部 11‧‧‧positioning department
12‧‧‧狀態檢測部 12‧‧‧Status detection unit
13‧‧‧步行者-車輛間通訊部(第1通訊部) 13‧‧‧Pedestrian-Vehicle Communication Department (1st Communication Department)
14‧‧‧無線LAN通訊部(第2通訊部) 14‧‧‧Wireless LAN Communication Department (Second Communication Department)
15‧‧‧輸出入部 15‧‧‧I/O
16‧‧‧控制部 16‧‧‧Control Department
17‧‧‧記憶部 17‧‧‧memory department
21‧‧‧訊息控制部 21‧‧‧Information Control Department
22‧‧‧通訊方式選擇部 22‧‧‧Communication Mode Selection Department
23‧‧‧衝撞判定部 23‧‧‧Collision Judgment Department
24‧‧‧注意喚起控制部 24‧‧‧Attention Arousal Control Department
25‧‧‧加速度感測器 25‧‧‧Acceleration sensor
26‧‧‧方位感測器 26‧‧‧Orientation sensor
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