TWI795920B - elliptical plotter - Google Patents

Abstract

An ellipse plotter comprising a first rod, a second rod, a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the first rod includes a first focal point, the first rod is parallel to a datum plane , the first focal point pivots relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis, the second rod includes a second focal point, the second rod is parallel to the reference plane, and the second focal point The end pivots relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis, the first sleeve sleeves and slides on the first rod, and the second sleeve sleeves and slides on the second As for the rod, the first sleeve and the second sleeve pivot relative to the normal line of the reference plane. When the first focus end and the second focus end pivot relative to the reference plane, the The trajectory of the movement of the first sleeve relative to the datum plane is an ellipse.

Description

elliptical plotter

The invention relates to a plotter, especially an ellipse plotter.

Due to the special shape and characteristics of the ellipse, it is widely used in human life. For example, it is used in extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters, that is, using the characteristics of the double focus of the ellipse, the shock wave emitted from one of the focus points will be focused on Another focal point, or in presbyopic glasses, magnifying glasses, farsighted glasses, etc., also use elliptical lenses (ellipse in some cross-sections) to gather light and other applications. Therefore, drawing a standard ellipse is a very important part of using ellipse technology.

There is currently an ellipsometer, please refer to Chinese Patent No. CN112297681A, the ellipsometer includes a first vertical shaft whose lower end is a tip, and it is characterized in that a first gear is coaxially fixed on the first vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft A horizontal first ruler is connected to the upper rotatable, and a first cursor is slidably installed on the ruler along its length direction. A second vertical shaft runs through and is rotatably connected to the first cursor. The second vertical shaft is coaxially fixed with a A second gear placed below the first ruler, the diameter of the second gear is half of the first gear, a horizontal second ruler is fixed on the lower end of the second vertical shaft, and a second ruler is slidably installed on the second The second cursor, a vertical paintbrush is fixed on the second cursor, and a third gear which is always synchronously meshed with the first gear and the second gear is arranged between the first gear and the second gear.

Therefore, using a simple structure to draw a standard ellipse has always been a key technology in its application field.

Therefore, the inventor proposes an ellipse plotter for drawing ellipses more simply and accurately.

The ellipse plotter includes a first rod, a second rod, a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the first rod includes a first focal point, and the first rod is parallel to a datum plane , the first focal point pivots relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis, the second rod includes a second focal point, the second rod is parallel to the reference plane, and the second focal point The end pivots relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis, the first sleeve is sleeved on the first rod, and the first sleeve can move on the first rod. Two sleeves are sleeved on the second rod, the second sleeve can move on the second rod, the first sleeve is pivotally connected to the second sleeve, the first sleeve is connected to the second The sleeve pivots relative to the normal line of the reference plane, and the sum of the distance from the first sleeve to the first focal point and the distance from the second sleeve to the second focal point is greater than the distance between the first focal point and the The distance between the second focus ends, when the first focus end and the second focus end pivot relative to the reference plane, the trajectory of the first sleeve moving relative to the reference plane is an ellipse.

Further, when the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is equal to the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end, the midpoint between the first focus end and the second focus end to the second focus end The distance of a sleeve is half the minor axis of the ellipse.

Further, when the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is equal to the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end, the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is half the major axis of the ellipse , and the length of the semi-major axis is greater than half of the distance between the first focal point and the second focal point.

Further, the elliptic plotter also includes a connecting rod, the connecting rod includes a first end and a second end, the first end and the second end are located at two opposite ends of the connecting rod, and the first rod also including a first A linkage end, the first focus end and the first linkage end are located at two opposite ends of the first rod, the second rod also includes a second linkage end, the second focus end and the second linkage end Located at two opposite ends of the second rod, the first end is pivotally connected to the first linkage end, the second end is pivotally connected to the second linkage end, and the first focus end is driven relative to the reference plane When pivoting at a fixed point, the first linkage end moves in conjunction with the connecting rod, and the linkage moves in conjunction with the second linkage end, so that the second focal point pivots relative to the reference plane.

Further, the first end and the first linking end pivot relative to the normal line of the reference plane, and the second end and the second linking end pivot relative to the normal line of the reference plane.

Further, the length of the connecting rod is substantially equal to the distance from the first focal point to the second focal point, and is shorter than the lengths of the first rod and the second rod.

Further, the elliptic plotter also includes a first shaft, a second shaft and a drawing rod, the first shaft is parallel to the normal of the datum plane and pivotally connected to the first focal point, the second shaft Parallel to the normal of the datum plane and pivotally connected to the second focal point, the drawing rod is parallel to the normal of the datum plane and pivotally connected between one of the first sleeve and the second sleeve and the datum plane .

Further, the lengths of the first rod and the second rod are substantially equal.

Further, when the connecting rod overlaps with the extension line from the first focus end to the second focus end, the distance from the midpoint between the first focus end and the second focus end to the first sleeve is the ellipse half of the long axis.

According to the above-mentioned technical features, the following effects can be achieved:

1. With the structure and configuration of the first rod, the second rod, the first sleeve and the second sleeve, an ellipse can be drawn simply and accurately.

2. By adjusting the distance between the first focus end and the second focus end, and when the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is equal to the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end of The specification of the ellipse can be determined by adjusting the distance from the first sleeve to the first focal point and the distance from the second sleeve to the second focal point.

3. With the connecting rod, it is only necessary to drive the first rod or the second rod to draw an ellipse.

4. Since the length of the connecting rod is substantially equal to the distance from the first focal point to the second focal point, and is shorter than the lengths of the first rod and the second rod, the first sleeve to the second The distance between the first focal point and the distance from the second sleeve to the second focal point is substantially equal to the length of the first rod, which corresponds to the sum of the distances from any point on the elliptical locus to the first focal point and the second focal point. is the basic definition of a constant.

1: The first member

11: The first focal point

12: The first linkage end

2: The second rod

21: The second focal point

22: The second linkage end

3: The first sleeve

4:Second sleeve

5: connecting rod

51: first end

52: second end

6: The first shaft

7: Second shaft

8: Drawing rod

91: Triangle

92: Triangle

X: X-axis

Y: Y-axis

Z: Z-axis

A: round

B: round

C: Ellipse

O: center

a: semi-major axis

b: semi-short axis

F: focus

[FIG. 1] is a perspective view illustrating an embodiment of the ellipsograph of the present invention.

[The second figure] is a perspective view illustrating that the embodiment draws an ellipse.

[The third figure] is a plane view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[The fourth figure] is a plan view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[Fig. 5] is a plan view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[Fig. 6] is a plan view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[Fig. 7] is a plan view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[The eighth figure] is a plane view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[Figure 9] is a plan view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

[The tenth figure] is a plane view illustrating the process of drawing the ellipse in this embodiment.

Based on the above technical features, the main functions of the ellipse plotter of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.

Referring to the first figure and the second figure, an embodiment of the ellipse plotter of the present invention. The elliptic plotter comprises a first rod 1, a second rod 2, a first sleeve 3, a second sleeve 4, a connecting rod 5, a first shaft 6, a second shaft 7, and a drawing rod 8.

The first rod 1 includes a first focus end 11 and a first linkage end 12, the first focus end 11 and the first linkage end 12 are located at two opposite ends of the first rod 1, the first rod The component 1 is parallel to a reference plane, and the first focal point 11 pivots at a fixed point relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis. The reference plane is an XY plane formed by an X axis and a Y axis, The normal of the reference plane is a Z axis, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the X axis and the Y axis.

The second rod 2 includes a second focus end 21 and a second linkage end 22, the second focus end 21 and the second linkage end 22 are located at two opposite ends of the second rod 2, the second rod The component 2 is parallel to the XY plane, and the second focus end 21 pivots at a fixed point relative to the XY plane around the Z axis. The lengths of the first rod 1 and the second rod 2 are substantially equal.

The first sleeve 3 is sheathed on the first rod 1 , and the first sleeve 3 can move on the first rod 1 .

The second sleeve 4 is sheathed on the second rod 2 , and the second sleeve 4 can move on the second rod 2 . The first sleeve 3 is pivotally connected to the second sleeve 4 , and the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 pivot relative to each other about the Z-axis and in a direction parallel to the XY plane. The sum of the distance from the first sleeve 3 to the first focus end 11 and the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the second focus end 21 is greater than the distance between the first focus end 11 and the second focus end 21 .

The connecting rod 5 includes a first end 51 and a second end 52. The first end 51 and the second end 52 are located at two opposite ends of the connecting rod 5. pivotally connected, the second end 52 is pivotally connected to the second linkage end 22, the first end 51 and the first linkage end 12 pivot relative to the Z axis, the second end 52 and the second The linkage end 22 pivots relative to the Z axis. The length of the connecting rod 5 is substantially equal to the distance from the first focal point 11 to the second focal point 21 , and is shorter than the length of the first rod 1 and also shorter than the length of the second rod 2 .

The first shaft 6 is parallel to the Z-axis and pivotally connected between the first focal point 11 and a first supporting surface (not shown).

The second shaft 7 is parallel to the Z-axis and pivotally connected between the second focus end 21 and a second support surface (not shown).

The drawing rod 8 is parallel to the Z-axis and pivotally connected between one of the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 and a third supporting surface (not shown). In this example, the second sleeve 4 is located below the first sleeve 3 , and the drawing rod 8 is pivotally connected between the second sleeve 4 and the third supporting surface.

Referring to the second figure to the fourth figure, when actuating, a motor (not shown) drives the first shaft 6 to rotate, so as to drive the first focus end 11 of the first rod 1 relative to the XY The plane pivots, the first linkage end 12 moves, and the trajectory of the first linkage end 12 relative to the XY plane is a circle A. In this example, the first focal point 11 pivots clockwise, but does not As a limit, it can also be pivoted counterclockwise. The first linkage end 12 moves in conjunction with the connecting rod 5, and the linkage 5 moves in conjunction with the second linkage end 22 of the second rod 2. The trajectory of the movement of the second linkage end 22 relative to the XY plane is also a circle. B, the movement of the second linkage end 22 makes the second focus end pivot relative to the XY plane, and the second focus end 22 drives the second shaft 7 to rotate. The trajectory of the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 moving relative to the XY plane is an ellipse C, that is, the trajectory of the drawing rod 8 moving relative to the XY plane is the ellipse C. Note Yes, the motor can also only drive the second shaft 7 to rotate, and the trajectory of the drawing rod 8 relative to the XY plane can be the ellipse C. It should be added that if the structure of the elliptic plotter does not use the connecting rod 5, but uses two motors to drive the first shaft 6 and the second shaft 7 to rotate respectively, the drawing rod 8 can also be moved. Draw the trajectory of the ellipse C. In addition, the first support surface, the second support surface, and the third support surface are planes with different heights, so that the first rod 1, the second rod 2, the first sleeve 3, the second When the sleeve 4 and the connecting rod 5 are in motion, they move on motion planes that are parallel to each other and have different heights without interfering with each other.

The position where the first focus end 11 and the second focus end 21 are projected onto the ellipse C is the two focal points F of the ellipse C, and the midpoint between the first focus end 11 and the second focus end 21 is projected onto the ellipse C. The position of the ellipse C is a center O of the ellipse C. First, when the distance from the first sleeve 3 to the first focal point 11 is equal to the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the second focal point 21, The distance from the position of the first sleeve 3 projected onto the ellipse C to the center O is half of the minor axis b of the ellipse C, and the distance from the first sleeve 3 to the first focal point 11 is half of the ellipse C The major axis a, therefore, can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first focus end 11 and the second focus end 21, the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focus end 11, the second sleeve 4 The distance to the second focal point 21 determines the specification of the ellipse C. In this state, the connecting rod 5 is parallel to the extension line from the first focal point 11 to the second focal point 21. The first sleeve 3, The first focus end 11, the second focus end 21 are three-point projected to the XY plane to form a triangle 91 and the first sleeve 3, the second linkage end 22, and the first linkage end 12 are three-point projections to the The other triangle 92 formed by the XY plane is similar. When the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 move clockwise synchronously, as shown in the fourth figure, the amount of change in the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focal point 11 must be the same as The amount of variation of the distance between the second sleeve 4 and the second focal point 21 is the same, that is, the increase of the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focal point 11 is equal to the distance between the second sleeve 4 and the The reduction of the distance between the second focal point 21, therefore, the first sleeve 3 The distance to the first focal point 11 and the sum of the distances from the second sleeve 4 to the second focal point 21 are fixed, therefore, the moving tracks of the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 satisfy the Definition of Ellipse C. In addition, the lengths of the first rod 1 and the second rod 2 are substantially equal, and the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 are moved synchronously by an equal amount of change. The triangle 91 formed by the first focus end 11 and the second focus end 21 is similar to the triangle 92 formed by the first sleeve 3 , the second linkage end 22 and the first linkage end 12 .

Furthermore, since the length of the connecting rod 5 is substantially equal to the distance from the first focal point 11 to the second focal point 21, the first sleeve 3, the first focal point 11, and the second focal point 21 The ratio of the triangle 91 formed by three points to the triangle 92 formed by three points of the first sleeve 3 , the second linkage end 22 and the first linkage end 12 is one to one. The triangle 92 is a congruent triangle, so the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the second focus end 21 is the same as the distance from the first sleeve 3 on the corresponding side to the first linkage end 12, that is, the first The distance from the sleeve 3 to the first focal point 11 and the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the second focal point 21 are substantially equal to the length of the first rod 1, so as to conform to any point on the elliptical locus to the The sum of the distances between the first focal point 11 and the second focal point 21 is a basic definition of a constant.

Referring to the fifth and sixth figures, the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 continue to move clockwise synchronously. When the lines overlap, the distance from the midpoint between the first focal point 11 and the second focal point 21 to the first sleeve 3 is the semi-major axis a of the ellipse C. At this time, when viewed from above, the The first sleeve 3 overlaps with the second sleeve 4, the connecting rod 5 partially overlaps with the second rod 2, the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focal point 11 is the longest, and the second The distance between the second sleeve 4 and the second focal point 21 is the shortest. Next, the first sleeve 3 to The decreasing amount of the distance between the first focal point 11 is equal to the increasing amount of the distance between the second sleeve 4 and the second focal point 21 .

Referring to the seventh figure, the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 continue to move clockwise synchronously, the distance from the first sleeve 3 to the first focal point 11 is the same as the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the first The distances between the two focal points 21 are equal.

Referring to the eighth figure to the tenth figure, the first sleeve 3 and the second sleeve 4 continue to move clockwise synchronously and complete the track of the ellipse C. From the seventh figure to the eighth figure, the first sleeve The decrease of the distance from the barrel 3 to the first focus end 11 is equal to the increase of the distance from the second sleeve 4 to the second focus end 21 . In the ninth figure, the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focus end 11 is the shortest, and the distance between the second sleeve 4 and the second focus end 21 is the longest. From the ninth figure In the tenth figure, the increase of the distance between the first sleeve 3 and the first focus end 11 is equal to the decrease of the distance between the second sleeve 4 and the second focus end 21 .

Based on the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is possible to fully understand the operation of the present invention, use and the effect that the present invention produces, but the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the implementation of the present invention. The scope, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention, all fall within the scope of the present invention.

1: The first member

11: The first focal point

12: The first linkage end

2: The second rod

21: The second focal point

22: The second linkage end

3: The first sleeve

4:Second sleeve

5: connecting rod

51: first end

52: second end

6: The first shaft

7: Second shaft

8: Drawing rod

X: X-axis

Y: Y-axis

Z: Z-axis

Claims (7)

An ellipse plotter, comprising: a first rod, including a first focal point, the first rod is parallel to a datum plane, and the first focal point is relative to the datum plane with the normal line of the datum plane as the axis Pivoting; a second rod, including a second focal point, the second rod is parallel to the reference plane, and the second focal point pivots relative to the reference plane with the normal line of the reference plane as the axis; A first sleeve, sleeved on the first rod, capable of moving on the first rod; and a second sleeve, sleeved on the second rod, the second sleeve Can move on the second rod, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are pivotally connected, the first sleeve and the second sleeve pivot relative to the normal line of the reference plane as the axis, the The sum of the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end and the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end is greater than the distance between the first focus end and the second focus end; a connecting rod, the connecting rod comprising A first end and a second end, the first end and the second end are located at two opposite ends of the connecting rod, the first rod also includes a first linkage end, the first focus end and the first The linkage end is located at the two opposite ends of the first rod, and the second rod also includes a second linkage end, the second focus end and the second linkage end are located at the two opposite ends of the second rod, the first One end is pivotally connected to the first linkage end, and the second end is pivotally connected to the second linkage end. When the first focal point is driven to pivot at a fixed point relative to the reference plane, the first linkage end links the linkage The rod moves, and the connecting rod drives the second linkage end to move, so that the second focal point pivots relative to the reference plane; a first shaft, a second shaft and a drawing rod, the first shaft is parallel to The normal of the datum plane is pivotally connected to the first focal point, the second shaft is parallel to the normal of the datum plane and pivotally connected to the second focal point, and the drawing rod is parallel to the normal of the datum plane and pivotally connected to the between one of the first sleeve and the second sleeve and the reference plane; When the first focal point and the second focal point pivot relative to the reference plane, the first sleeve and the second sleeve move relative to the reference plane as an ellipse, and the first focal point, the The position where the first focal point is projected onto the ellipse is the two focal points of the ellipse, by adjusting the distance from the first focal point to the second focal point, the distance from the first sleeve to the first focal point, the The distance from the second sleeve to the second focal point determines the specification of the ellipse. The ellipse plotter according to claim 1, wherein when the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is equal to the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end, the first focus end and the second focus end The distance from the midpoint between the ends of the two focal points to the first sleeve is half the minor axis of the ellipse. The ellipse plotter according to claim 2, wherein when the distance from the first sleeve to the first focus end is equal to the distance from the second sleeve to the second focus end, the first sleeve to the second focus end The distance between a focal point is the semi-major axis of the ellipse, and the length of the semi-major axis is greater than half of the distance between the first focal point and the second focal point. The ellipse plotter according to claim 1, wherein, the first end and the first linkage end pivot relative to the normal line of the reference plane, and the second end and the second linkage end pivot relative to the reference plane The normal of the face is the relative pivot of the axis. The elliptic plotter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the connecting rod is substantially equal to the distance from the first focal point to the second focal point, and is shorter than the lengths of the first rod and the second rod . The elliptic plotter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lengths of the first rod and the second rod are substantially equal. The elliptic plotter according to claim 1, wherein when the connecting rod overlaps with the extension line from the first focal point to the second focal point, the midpoint between the first focal point and the second focal point The distance to the first sleeve is half the major axis of the ellipse.

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