TWI794712B - Sealed valve regulated lead-acid battery - Google Patents

Abstract

A closed-valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery includes a plurality of electrode units, a plurality of diaphragm groups and an electrolyte. Each electrode unit includes a cathode plate and an anode plate. Each diaphragm set includes a first diaphragm unit and a second diaphragm unit disposed on the anode plate of the respective electrode unit, and the basis weight of the first diaphragm unit ranges from 120 g/m ^to 200 g/m ² , the basis weight of the second membrane unit ranges from 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , and the basis weight ratio of the first membrane unit to the second membrane unit ranges from 3 to 20. By arranging the first diaphragm unit and the second diaphragm unit at a specific position, using the first diaphragm unit and the second diaphragm unit in a specific basis weight range, and controlling their basis weight ratio at 3 to 20, To make the electrolyte easy to diffuse, and to avoid short circuit caused by dendritic lead crystal formation.

Description

Sealed valve regulated lead-acid battery

The invention relates to a battery, in particular to an airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery.

In the prior art, in order to reduce the impedance of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery, a tank body can be matched with a plurality of cathode plates and a plurality of anode plates to squeeze each other. Separators with electrolyte apply pressure to lower impedance. However, if the applied pressure is insufficient, not only the impedance of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery cannot be reduced, but the impedance will increase instead. Therefore, it is usually chosen to increase the pressure applied to the partitions to ensure that the airtight valve can be effectively reduced. The impedance of the regulated lead-acid battery, but it will be derived that due to the high pressure applied, the electrolyte is not easy to diffuse between the separators, resulting in too much lead sulfate accumulated in the airtight valve regulated lead-acid battery, which will lead to branching. The formation of lead crystals causes a short circuit in the closed valve-regulated lead-acid battery.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent No. 2014107192 A discloses a sealed valve-regulated lead-acid battery, in which metal sulfate and boric acid are arranged in the area between the separator and the electrodes, wherein the metal in the metal sulfate is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth Metal, to prevent the short circuit problem caused by the formation of dendritic lead crystals.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a closed-valve-regulated lead-acid battery that can prevent the formation of dendritic lead crystals.

Therefore, the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention includes a plurality of electrode units, a plurality of diaphragm groups, and an electrolyte.

Each electrode unit includes a cathode plate and an anode plate spaced apart from the cathode plate.

The diaphragm sets separate the cathode plates and the anode plates, and each diaphragm set is arranged on the respective electrode unit and includes a first diaphragm unit and a second diaphragm unit. The first membrane unit has a basis weight of 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² , the second membrane unit has a basis weight of 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , and the first membrane unit and the The basis weight ratio of the second diaphragm unit is in the range of 3 to 20, wherein the first diaphragm unit is in contact with the anode plate of the respective electrode unit, the second diaphragm unit is disposed next to the first diaphragm unit and is in contact with the respective electrode unit The cathode plates of the other electrode units are in contact.

The electrolyte is in contact with the electrode units and the diaphragm sets.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a closed-valve-regulated lead-acid battery that can prevent the formation of dendritic lead crystals.

Therefore, the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention includes an electrode unit, a diaphragm group, and an electrolyte.

The electrode unit includes a cathode plate and an anode plate spaced apart from the cathode plate.

The diaphragm group separates the cathode plate and the anode plate, and includes a first diaphragm unit and a second diaphragm unit. The first membrane unit has a basis weight of 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² , the second membrane unit has a basis weight of 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , and the first membrane unit and the The basis weight ratio of the second membrane unit is in the range of 3 to 20, wherein the first membrane unit is in contact with the anode plate, and the second membrane unit is disposed next to the first membrane unit and in contact with the cathode plate.

The electrolyte is in contact with the electrode unit and the diaphragm group.

The effect of the present invention is that: the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention uses the first diaphragm unit of a specific basis weight range to match the second diaphragm unit of a specific basis weight range, and the first diaphragm unit and the second diaphragm The basis weight ratio of the unit is controlled between 3 and 20, and the first diaphragm unit in contact with the respective anode plates and the second diaphragm unit in contact with the respective cathode plates are arranged between the cathode plates and the anode plates. The membrane unit, so that the electrolyte solution can easily and quickly diffuse through the second membrane unit, thereby avoiding the problem of short circuit caused by the formation of dendritic lead crystals caused by the accumulation of lead sulfate.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same numerals.

Referring to Fig. 1, a first embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention comprises a housing 1, two electrode units 2, two diaphragm groups 3, and an electrolyte solution impregnated in these diaphragm groups 3 ( not shown). Wherein, the type of the electrolyte is sulfuric acid.

The electrode units 2 are arranged at intervals in the housing 1, each electrode unit 2 includes a cathode plate 21 and an anode plate 22 spaced apart from the cathode plate 21, and the cathode plates 21 and the anode plates 22 are spaced from each other and arranged alternately. The number of electrode units 2 is not limited to two, and can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, and can also be one or more than three.

Each cathode plate 21 has a conductive grid 211 and two active material layers 212 respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the conductive grid 211 . The conductive grid 211 is, for example, a lead grid or a lead alloy grid, and the active material layers 212 include lead.

Each anode plate 22 has a conductive grid 221 and two active material layers 222 respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the conductive grid 221 . The conductive grid 221 is, for example, a lead grid or a lead alloy grid, and the active material layers 222 include lead oxide.

The diaphragm sets 3 separate the cathode plates 21 and the anode plates 22 , and each diaphragm set 3 is disposed on a respective electrode unit 2 . The number of diaphragm sets 3 is not limited to two, it is elastically adjusted corresponding to the number of electrode units 2, for example but not limited to when the number of electrode units 2 is one, the number of diaphragm sets 3 is one; when the number of electrode units 2 When the number is three, the number of diaphragm sets 3 is three, and so on.

Each diaphragm group 3 includes a first diaphragm unit 31 and a second diaphragm unit 32 adjacent to the first diaphragm unit 31, and the first diaphragm unit 31 is in contact with the anode plate 22 of the respective electrode unit 2 , but not in contact with any cathode plate 21 of the electrode units 2 . The second membrane unit 32 is in contact with the cathode plate 21 of the respective electrode unit 2 , but not in contact with any anode plate 22 of the electrode units 2 . In the first embodiment, the first membrane unit 31 has two first membranes 311, and the first membranes 311 are respectively in contact with two opposite sides of the respective anode plate 22 to sandwich the respective anodes. plate 22. The second diaphragm unit 32 has two second diaphragms 321 respectively located on the surface of the first diaphragms 311 opposite to the anode plate 22 and adjacent to the first diaphragms 311, the second diaphragms 321 and the respective The anode plate 22 sandwiches the first diaphragms 311 and one of the second diaphragms 321 contacts the cathode plate 21 of the respective electrode unit 2 .

The first membrane unit 31 includes a plurality of first fibers with an average diameter ranging from 2 μm to 40 μm. The material of the first fibers is cloth. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first fibers are glass fibers. The manufacturing method of the first diaphragm unit 31 is, for example but not limited to, a paper-making method. In some embodiments of the present invention, the manufacturing method of the first membrane unit 31 is paper-making.

The second membrane unit 32 includes a plurality of second fibers with an average diameter ranging from 2 μm to 20 μm. The material of the second fibers is cloth. The types of the second fibers are, for example but not limited to, glass fibers or polymer fibers. The manufacturing method of the second membrane unit 32 is, for example but not limited to, textile manufacturing method, non-woven manufacturing method or papermaking manufacturing method.

The basis weight of the first diaphragm unit 31 ranges from 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² , and the basis weight of the second diaphragm unit 32 ranges from 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , wherein the second diaphragm unit 32 The basis weight ratio of a membrane unit 31 to the second membrane unit 32 ranges from 3 to 20.

In the first embodiment, by providing the first diaphragm unit 31 in contact with the respective anode plate 22 between each cathode plate 21 and each anode plate 22, and with the respective cathode plate 21 Contact the second diaphragm unit 32, and control the basis weight of the first diaphragm unit 31 between 120 g/m ² and 200 g/m ² , and control the basis weight of the second diaphragm unit 32 at 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , the basis weight ratio of the first diaphragm unit 31 and the second diaphragm unit 32 is controlled between 3 and 20, so that when the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery is discharging, the impregnated The electrolyte solution in a diaphragm group 3 can quickly diffuse to the respective cathode plates 21 through the second diaphragm unit 32, without forming too much lead sulfate in each diaphragm group 3 and accumulating, thereby avoiding the charging process. Occasionally, dendritic lead crystals are formed and a short circuit occurs.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a second embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that the first diaphragm unit 31 of each diaphragm group 3 has a first diaphragm 311, And the first diaphragm 311 is in contact with the respective anode plate 22, and extends from one side of the respective anode plate 22 through the bottom of the respective anode plate 22 to the other side opposite to the side. U-shaped around the respective anode plate 22 . The second membrane unit 32 has a second membrane 321, and the second membrane 321 is adjacent to the first membrane 311, and passes through the first membrane from the first membrane 311 on the side of the respective anode plate 22 The bottom of 311 extends to the first diaphragm 311 located on the other side of the respective anode plate 22 and surrounds the first diaphragm 311 in a roughly U-shape.

Referring to Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, a third embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: in the third embodiment, the first diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group 3 31 has a first diaphragm 311, and the first diaphragm 311 is in contact with the respective anode plate 22, and extends from one side of the respective anode plate 22 through the bottom of the respective anode plate 22 to the opposite The other side of the side is roughly U-shaped to surround the respective anode plate 22 .

Wherein, the contact area between each second diaphragm 321 and the first diaphragm 311 is 1/4 to 1 time of the area of a surface of the first diaphragm 311 facing the second diaphragm 321 . In an implementation of the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the contact area between each second diaphragm 321 and the first diaphragm 311 is a surface of the first diaphragm 311 facing the second diaphragm 321 1 times the area of the In a modification of the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the contact area between each second diaphragm 321 and the first diaphragm 311 is smaller than that of the first diaphragm 311 facing the second diaphragm 321 and each second diaphragm 321 is disposed at the center of a surface of the first diaphragm 311 facing the second diaphragm 321 .

Referring to Fig. 7, a fourth embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: in the fourth embodiment, the first diaphragm unit 31 of each diaphragm group 3 has A first diaphragm 311, and the first diaphragm 311 extends from one side of the respective cathode plate 21 through the bottom of the respective cathode plate 21 to the other side opposite to the side, and surrounds it roughly in a U shape The respective cathode plate 21 and the first diaphragm 311 are adjacently disposed on the surface of the second diaphragm unit 32 opposite to the cathode plate 21 . The second diaphragm unit 32 has a second diaphragm 321, and the second diaphragm 321 is arranged adjacent to the first diaphragm 311, and is in contact with the respective cathode plate 21 and passes through one side of the respective cathode plate 21. The bottoms of the respective cathode plates 21 extend to the other side opposite to the side and are roughly U-shaped around the respective cathode plates 21, that is, the second diaphragm 321 is opposite to the cathode plate 21. The surface is extended and surrounded by the adjacent first diaphragm 311 in a substantially U-shape.

Referring to Fig. 8, a fifth embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention is different from the fourth embodiment in that: in the fifth embodiment, the second diaphragm unit 32 of each diaphragm group 3 has two A second diaphragm 321. The second separators 321 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the respective cathode plates 21, are in contact with the respective cathode plates 21, and are interposed between the first diaphragm 311 and the respective cathode plates 21. .

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but it should be understood that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limitations on the implementation of the present invention.

Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 2

Referring to Fig. 2, the structure of the closed-valve-regulated lead-acid battery of embodiments 1 to 4 and comparative example 2 is as described in the second embodiment above, and the closed-valve-regulated lead-acid battery of embodiments 1 to 4 and comparative example 2 The basis weight of each first diaphragm unit 31, the type and basis weight of each second diaphragm unit 32, and the basis weight ratio of each first diaphragm unit 31 to each second diaphragm unit 32 are as shown in Table 1 .

Comparative example 1

The difference between the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of Comparative Example 1 and the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of Example 2 is that, referring to FIG. 9 , in the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of Comparative Example 1, each first diaphragm unit 31 is in contact with the respective cathode plate 21 , and each second diaphragm unit 32 is in contact with the respective anode plate 22 .

Table 1 Example comparative example 1 2 3 4 1 2 Diaphragm set position first diaphragm unit in contact with the anode plate in contact with the anode plate in contact with the anode plate in contact with the anode plate in contact with the cathode plate in contact with the anode plate second diaphragm unit in contact with the cathode plate in contact with the cathode plate in contact with the cathode plate in contact with the cathode plate in contact with the anode plate in contact with the cathode plate first diaphragm unit type glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber glass fiber Basis weight(g/cm ² ) 150 140 120 140 140 200 second diaphragm unit type glass fiber glass fiber Polypropylene fibers Polyester glass fiber glass fiber Basis weight(g/cm ² ) 10 40 25 30 40 120 basis weight ratio 15 3.5 4.8 4.6 3.5 1.6 Formation of dendritic lead crystals none none none none have have

Referring to Table 1, Embodiments 1 to 4 pass through the specific installation positions of each first diaphragm unit 31 and each second diaphragm unit 32 between the respective electrode units 2, and use a basis weight range of 120 g/m ² The first diaphragm unit 31 between 200 g/m ² and the second diaphragm unit 32 with a basis weight ranging from 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , and control the The basis weight ratio of the first diaphragm unit 31 to the second diaphragm unit 32 is between 3 and 20, so that the closed valve-regulated lead-acid battery will not have too much accumulation of lead sulfate during the discharge process, resulting in the formation of dendritic lead crystals , prove that the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid storage battery of embodiment 1 to 4 can effectively suppress the generation of dendrite lead crystal.

In Comparative Example 1, each first diaphragm unit 31 is in contact with a respective cathode plate 21, and each second diaphragm unit 32 is in contact with a respective anode plate 22, resulting in dendrites in the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery. Lead crystals form. In Comparative Example 2, since the basis weight of each second diaphragm unit 32 is not controlled between 10 g/m ² and 40 g/m ² , and the first diaphragm unit 31 and the second diaphragm unit 3 of each diaphragm group 3 The basis weight ratio of the two diaphragm units 32 is not controlled between 3 and 20, so that dendritic lead crystals are formed in the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery.

In summary, the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention contacts the first diaphragm unit 31 in each diaphragm group 3 with the respective anode plate 22 and the second diaphragm unit 32 with the respective cathode plate 21 contact, and use the first diaphragm unit 31 with a basis weight ranging from 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² in combination with the second diaphragm unit 31 having a basis weight ranging from 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² 32, and the basis weight ratio of the first diaphragm unit 31 and the second diaphragm unit 32 is controlled between 3 and 20, thereby making the electrolyte easy to flow between the first diaphragm unit 31 and the second diaphragm unit 32 Rapid diffusion, and then make the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention in the discharging procedure, can not occur the situation that dendrite lead crystal is formed and short circuit occurs because of too much lead sulfate accumulation, so can really reach the purpose of the present invention.

But the above-mentioned ones are only embodiments of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. Within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

1: Shell 2: Electrode unit 21: Cathode plate 211: Conductive grid 212: active material layer 22: Anode plate 221: Conductive grid 222: active material layer 3: Diaphragm group 31: The first diaphragm unit 311: first diaphragm 32: Second diaphragm unit 321: second diaphragm

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the implementation manner with reference to the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a second embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an anode plate and a diaphragm assembly in the second embodiment; Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a third embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a variation of the third embodiment; Figure 6 is a schematic front view illustrating the position of a second diaphragm in a variant of the third embodiment; Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a fourth embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention; Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view illustrating a fifth embodiment of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention; and Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a comparative example of the airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery of the present invention.

1: shell

2: Electrode unit

21: Cathode plate

211: Conductive grid

212: active material layer

22: Anode plate

221: Conductive grid

222: active material layer

3: Diaphragm group

31: The first diaphragm unit

311: first diaphragm

32: Second diaphragm unit

321: second diaphragm

Claims (10)

A sealed valve-regulated lead-acid battery, comprising: a plurality of electrode units, each electrode unit including a cathode plate, and an anode plate spaced apart from the cathode plate; a plurality of diaphragm groups separating the cathode plates and the anodes plate, each diaphragm set is disposed on the respective electrode unit and includes a first diaphragm unit having a basis weight of 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² , and a second diaphragm unit having a basis weight of 10 g/m ² to 40 g/ ^m2 , and the basis weight ratio of the first membrane unit to the second membrane unit ranges from 3 to 20, wherein the first membrane unit and the anode of the respective electrode unit a plate contact, the second diaphragm unit is disposed adjacent to the first diaphragm unit and contacts the cathode plate of the respective electrode unit; and an electrolyte is in contact with the electrode units and the diaphragm sets. The hermetic valve-regulated lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has a first diaphragm that contacts and extends around two opposite sides of the respective anode plate. The sealed valve-regulated lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein the second diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has a second diaphragm adjacent to and extending around the surface of the first diaphragm opposite to the anode plate. The airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery as described in claim 2, wherein, the second diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has two second diaphragms arranged at intervals, and the respective anode plates are sandwiched between the second diaphragms The cathode plate of the respective electrode unit is in contact with the first diaphragm and one of the second diaphragms. The hermetic valve-regulated lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has a first diaphragm extending around two opposite sides of the respective cathode plate, and the first diaphragm It is adjacently arranged on the surface of the second membrane unit opposite to the cathode plate. The hermetic valve-regulated lead-acid battery as claimed in claim 5, wherein the second diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has a pair of opposite sides disposed adjacent to the first diaphragm and contacting and extending around the respective cathode plate of the second diaphragm. The airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery as described in claim item 5, wherein, the second diaphragm unit of each diaphragm group has two second diaphragms arranged at intervals, and the second diaphragms are sandwiched between and contact the respective the cathode plate. The airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery as described in claim 4 or 7, wherein, in each diaphragm group, the contact area between each second diaphragm and the first diaphragm is the area of the first diaphragm facing the second diaphragm 1/4 times to 1 times the area of a surface. The airtight valve-regulated lead-acid battery as described in claim 1, wherein, in each diaphragm group, the first diaphragm unit includes a plurality of first fibers with an average diameter ranging from 2 μm to 40 μm, and the second The membrane unit includes a plurality of second fibers with an average diameter ranging from 2 μm to 20 μm. A closed-valve regulated lead-acid battery, comprising: an electrode unit, including a cathode plate, and an anode plate spaced apart from the cathode plate; a diaphragm group, separating the cathode plate and the anode plate, and including a first diaphragm unit having a basis weight of 120 g/m ² to 200 g/m ² , and a second diaphragm unit having a basis weight of 10 g/m ² to 40 g/m ² , and the first diaphragm unit and the second diaphragm unit The basis weight ratio of the two diaphragm units ranges from 3 to 20, wherein the first diaphragm unit is in contact with the anode plate, the second diaphragm unit is disposed adjacent to the first diaphragm unit and in contact with the cathode plate; and an electrolyte, It is in contact with the electrode unit and the diaphragm group.

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