TWI779995B - Charging device and method of charging operation the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A charging device is for charging an electric vehicle, and the charging device includes a first end, a second end, a switch unit, a control unit, and a communication unit. The first end receives the power source, and the second end is coupled to the electric vehicle. The switch unit is controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the first end is coupled to the second end. The control unit sets a first time from when the switch unit receives a control signal to an actual actuation to turn off or turn on, and transmits a communication signal to each other through the communication unit and the electric vehicle. The control unit calculates a second time when a current reaches a zero point based on the communication signal indicating an abnormal state, and calculates the time when the switch unit is actuated at the zero point based on the first time and the second time, so as to control the switch unit to turn off at the zero point.

Description

Charging device and charging operation method thereof

The present invention relates to a charging device and its charging operation method, especially a charging device with zero-current switching function and its charging operation method.

Due to the improvement of the concept of environmental protection, more and more users are abandoning traditional fuel vehicles and switching to rechargeable electric vehicles. Therefore, the application of electric vehicles is becoming more and more popular. Because of this, people's demand for charging stations is also increasing. Usually, the charging station is provided with at least one charging device (commonly known as a charging pile) to provide users with charging needs to charge their own electric vehicles. When the electric vehicle is about to be charged, the charging device will control the conduction of the internal relay after confirming that the electric vehicle is connected, so as to avoid the risk of power leakage when not charging.

However, as shown in FIGS. 1A-1B , currently in the application of the charging device, there is no special optimization of the control at the time points of the relays in the charging device to be connected and switched. When the relay is switching, it has the opportunity to occur at the phase angle of the maximum current I. Because there is a coil inside the relay, it is an inductive load. If there is a current I when the relay is switched (that is, time tx and ty), the inductance has a resistance to the change of the current I, which will cause the relay to generate a counter electromotive force. Sparks will be generated when the relays are lapped, and the heat caused by the sparks will easily cause the relays to stick.

Therefore, how to design a charging device and its charging operation method to prolong the life of the switch unit and prevent dangerous events caused by sparks is a major subject of study for the creators of this case.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charging device with a zero-current switching function to overcome the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the charging device of the present invention is for charging electric vehicles, and the charging device includes a first terminal, a second terminal, a switch unit, a control unit and a communication unit. The first end receives the power source, and the second end is coupled to the electric vehicle. The switch unit is coupled to the first terminal and the second terminal, and is used to be controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the first terminal is coupled to the second terminal. The control unit is coupled to the switch unit, and sets the first time from when the switch unit receives the control signal to when the switch unit actually operates to turn off or turn on. The communication unit is coupled to the control unit and the second terminal, and the control unit transmits communication signals with the electric vehicle through the communication unit. Wherein, the control unit detects the phase of the current of the power source, and indicates the abnormal state based on the communication signal, and calculates the second time when the current reaches zero through the phase. The control unit calculates a third time when the switch unit operates at zero point based on the first time and the second time, and provides a control signal to control the switch unit to turn off at the third time.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a charging operation method with zero current switching function to overcome the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the charging device of the present invention provides a power source to charge the electric vehicle, and the charging device includes a switch unit and a communication unit. The switch unit is controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the power source is coupled to the electric vehicle, and the charging operation method includes the following steps: setting the first time from when the switch unit receives the control signal to when it is actually activated and turned off or turned on, and The phase of the current of the power source is detected. The communication signal is transmitted between the communication unit and the electric vehicle, and it is confirmed whether the communication signal indicates an abnormal state. The second time at which the current reaches zero is calculated by phase based on the abnormal state. Based on the first time and the second time, the third time at which the switch unit operates at the zero point is calculated, and a control signal is provided at the third time to control the switch unit to turn off.

The main purpose and effect of the present invention is that no matter the electric vehicle needs charging/feeding power or one of them has an abnormal state, the control unit will control the switch unit to actuate when the current of the power source is as close to zero as possible, so as to actuate the switch unit When the current is low, it is not easy to generate sparks or sticking problems, and it prolongs the life of the switch unit and prevents sparks from causing dangerous events.

In order to further understand the technology, means and effects that the present invention adopts to achieve the predetermined purpose, please refer to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings of the present invention. It is believed that the purpose, characteristics and characteristics of the present invention can be obtained from this in depth and For specific understanding, however, the accompanying drawings are provided for reference and illustration only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Hereby, the technical content and detailed description of the present invention are described as follows in conjunction with the drawings:

Please refer to FIG. 2 which is a circuit block diagram of a charging device with zero current switching function according to the present invention. The charging device 100 receives the power source Pin to provide the power source Pin to the electric vehicle 200 (such as but not limited to, a charging vehicle such as an electric car) to charge the electric vehicle 200 . The charging device 100 includes a first end 100A and a second end 100B, the first end 100A receives the power source Pin, and the second end 100B is coupled to the electric vehicle 200 . Wherein, the second end 100B may be a charging gun for docking the charging device 100 with the electric vehicle 200 . The charging device 100 further includes a switch unit 1 , a control unit 2 and a communication unit 3 , one end of the switch unit 1 is coupled to the first end 100A, and the other end of the switch unit 1 is coupled to the second end 100B. The switch unit 1 is used to be controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the first end 100A is coupled to the second end 100B, so that the path from the power source Pin to the electric vehicle 200 is turned on. When the switch unit 1 is turned on, the power source Pin charges the electric vehicle 200 through the switch unit 1 , otherwise, the electric vehicle 200 cannot be charged. It is worth mentioning that in an embodiment of the present invention, the switch unit 1 may be a relay, and the charging device 100 may be a bidirectional charging device. In addition to the charging device 100 providing the power source Pin to charge the electric vehicle 200 , the electric vehicle 200 can also feed power to the charging device 100 .

The control unit 2 is coupled to the switch unit 1 and provides a control signal Sc to control the switch unit 1 to be turned on or off. The communication unit 3 is coupled to the control unit 2 and the second terminal 100B, and the control unit 2 transmits a communication signal Scom to the electric vehicle 200 through the communication unit 3 to communicate with the electric vehicle 200 . Wherein, the communication unit 3 may be a control pilot circuit (Control Pilot Circuit), and the control unit 2 mainly communicates with the electric vehicle 200 through the control pilot circuit to perform handshake (Handshake) agreement, so as to know each other's status and need. Further, the main purpose and function of the present invention is that no matter the electric vehicle 200 needs charging/feeding power or an abnormal state occurs in one of them, the control unit 2 will control the switch when the current I of the power source Pin is as close to zero as possible The unit 1 is activated so that when the switch unit 1 is activated, the current I is low so that sparks or sticking problems are not easy to occur, so as to prolong the life of the switch unit 1 and prevent dangerous events caused by sparks.

Specifically, the control unit 2 is used to set the time for the mechanically delayed action of the switch unit 1 (hereinafter referred to as the first time), which mainly means that the switch unit 1 receives the control signal Sc until the switch unit 1 actually operates and closes. off or on time. Wherein, the first time can be preset based on the model of the switch unit 1 before the charging device 100 leaves the factory, or the first time can be set by itself after the charging device 100 leaves the factory. Then, when the charging device 100 is running (including the electric vehicle 200 is not connected to the standby state, or the electric vehicle 200 is connected to the second terminal 100B), the control unit 2 detects the phase of the current I of the power source Pin , to know the time when the current I reaches zero. When one of the charging device 100 or the electric vehicle 200 is in an abnormal state, it will notify the other party of the abnormal state through the communication signal Scom. Therefore, when the control unit 2 indicates the abnormal state based on the communication signal Scom, the current I is calculated from the current current through the phase. The time to reach the nearest zero point (hereinafter referred to as the second time).

Then, based on the first time and the second time, the control unit 2 calculates the time when the switch unit 1 operates at zero point (hereinafter referred to as the third time). The third time is mainly the second time when the control unit 2 learns that the current I reaches zero, and then provides the control signal Sc earlier than the first time. In this way, the control unit 2 provides the control signal Sc to the switch unit 1 at the third time, that is, after the switch unit 1 receives the control signal Sc and after a mechanical delay, the switch unit 1 is activated at the second time, so that the current I happens to be When approaching the zero point, the switch unit 1 can be actuated (that is, turned off in response to an abnormal state). It is worth mentioning that what kind of abnormal state occurs will be further explained later.

Similarly, when neither the charging device 100 nor the electric vehicle 200 is in an abnormal state, when the communication signal indicates a normal state or indicates that the charging of the electric vehicle 200 is completed, the control unit 2 will also control it, and the switch unit 1 happens to be in the second time action. Specifically, after the control unit 2 is coupled to the second terminal 100B of the charging device 100 based on the electric vehicle 200, and the communication signal Scom indicates a normal state, and can start to provide the power source Pin to charge the electric vehicle 200, the control unit 2 Calculate the second time when the current I reaches the nearest zero point from the current current, and calculate the third time based on the first time and the second time, so as to provide the control signal Sc to control the switch unit 1 at the third time, so that the switch unit 1 can be exactly at Turns on near zero. On the other hand, the same is true when the control unit 2 instructs the electric vehicle 200 to be fully charged based on the communication signal Scom, and the switch unit 1 can be turned off just when it is close to zero, and the detailed operation will not be repeated here.

Referring again to FIG. 2 , the control unit 2 includes a controller 22 and a detection unit 24 , and the controller 22 may be a microcontroller (Microcontroller Unit; MCU). The controller 22 is coupled to the switch unit 1 and the communication unit 3 , and the detection unit 24 is coupled to the controller 22 . The controller 22 detects whether the charging device 100 is in an abnormal state through the detection unit 24 , and communicates with the electric vehicle 200 by controlling the communication unit 3 to know each other's status and requirements. The controller 22 can also set the first time to provide the control signal Sc at an appropriate time (ie the third time) to control the switch unit 1 to operate based on the current overall conditions of the power source Pin, the charging device 100 and the electric vehicle 200 .

Further, the detection unit 24 includes a first voltage detection unit 242 , a current detection unit 244 , a temperature detection unit 246 , a second voltage detection unit 248 , a leakage current detection unit 252 and a ground detection unit 254 . The first voltage detection unit 242 is coupled to the first path L1 between the first terminal 100A and the switch unit 1 , and detects the voltage V of the power source Pin on the first path L1 to provide a first voltage signal Sv1 to the controller 22 . The controller 22 obtains the magnitude of the voltage V on the first path L1 based on the first voltage signal Sv1 , and judges whether an abnormal state of low voltage or overvoltage occurs accordingly. The current detection unit 244 is coupled to the first path L1 and detects the current I to provide a current signal Si to the controller 22 . The controller 22 obtains the magnitude of the current I on the first path L1 based on the current signal Si, and judges whether an abnormal state of overcurrent occurs accordingly. The temperature detection unit 246 detects the temperature of the charging device 100 and provides a temperature signal St to the controller 22. The controller 22 obtains the temperature based on the temperature signal St, and judges whether an abnormal state of temperature has occurred accordingly. Wherein, the temperature detection unit 246 can generally be configured on important components that are prone to heat such as but not limited to the controller 22 to monitor whether the components such as the controller 22 are overheated.

The leakage current detection unit 252 is coupled to the first path L1 between the first terminal 100A and the switch unit 1, and detects the current I to provide a leakage current signal Slc to the controller 22, so that the controller 22 can use the leakage current signal Slc Whether or not an abnormal state of leakage current has occurred is known. Wherein, the leakage current detection unit 252 may be a residual current device (Residual Current Device; RCD), but not limited thereto. The ground detection unit 254 is coupled to the ground terminal GND of the charging device 100, and detects the ground terminal GND to provide a detection signal Ss to the controller 22, so that the controller 22 can know whether an abnormal state of a ground fault occurs based on the detection signal Ss . When the controller 22 receives the signal provided by the detection unit 24 and judges that the charging device 100 has an abnormal state of any one of low voltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, leakage current, and ground fault, the controller 22 communicates The unit 3 provides a positive potential communication signal Scom to inform the electric vehicle 200, so that the electric vehicle 200 performs a corresponding action.

The second voltage detection unit 248 is coupled to the second path L2 between the switch unit 1 and the second terminal 100B, and detects the voltage V of the power source Pin on the second path L2 to provide a second voltage signal Sv2 to the controller 22 . The controller 22 obtains the magnitude of the voltage V on the second path L2 based on the second voltage signal Sv2, and judges whether the abnormality of switch sticking or switch driving failure occurs in the switch unit 1 based on the first voltage signal Sv1 and the second voltage signal Sv2. state. The controller 22 can mainly know the voltage V on the front and rear paths of the switch unit 1 through the first voltage signal Sv1 and the second voltage signal Sv2 to confirm whether the current action of the switch unit 1 is consistent with the control signal Sc1. When the controller 22 receives the first voltage signal Sv1 and the second voltage signal Sv2, and judges that the switch unit 1 has any abnormal state of switch sticking or switch drive failure, the controller 22 provides a negative voltage through the communication unit 3. The communication signal Scom informs the electric vehicle 200 to make the electric vehicle 200 perform corresponding actions. On the other hand, when an abnormal state (such as but not limited to, overvoltage, overcurrent, etc.) occurs at the end of the electric vehicle 200, the electric vehicle 200 adjusts the communication signal Scom to zero potential to notify the charging device through the communication unit 3 100 An abnormal state occurred at the 200 end of the electric vehicle.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of waveforms at various stages of the communication signal of the charging device of the present invention, and refer to FIG. 2 for complex coordination. In FIG. 3 , the coordinates of the time axis are only for convenience in describing the waveforms of the communication signal Scom at each stage, not for the complete charging process. When the time is t0~t1, the charging device 100 is in the standby state after starting up, and the charging device 100 provides the communication signal Scom with the first positive potential A1 to the second terminal 100B through the communication unit 3 to detect whether there is an electric vehicle 200 Access to the second terminal 100B. Wherein, the first positive potential A1 may be a DC voltage of 12V. When the time is t1~t2, after the electric vehicle 200 is pulled away, the charging device 100 confirms that the electric vehicle 200 is separated, and the charging device 100 provides pulse width modulation corresponding to the first positive potential A1 through the communication unit 3 The signal A2 (ie the communication signal Scom) is sent to the second terminal 100B. After confirming that the electric vehicle 200 has been pulled away, the charging device 100 adjusts the communication signal Scom back to the first positive potential A1 to return to the standby state. Wherein, the pulse width modulation signal A2 may be 12V plus 1Khz pulse. When the time is t2-t3, the physical connection between the charging device 100 and the electric vehicle 200 is completed (that is, the charging gun has been inserted into the electric vehicle 200). The charging device 100 provides the communication signal Scom of the second positive potential B1 to the second terminal 100B through the communication unit 3 to inform the electric vehicle 200 that the communication mechanism of the handshake protocol is ready to be established. Wherein, the second positive potential B1 may be a DC voltage of 9V. When the time is t3~t4, since the communication mechanism between the charging device 100 and the electric vehicle 200 has been established, the charging device 100 provides the first pulse width modulation signal B2 to the second pulse width modulation signal B2 in response to the second positive potential B1 through the communication unit 3. terminal 100B to know each other's status and needs. Wherein, the first pulse width modulation signal B2 may be a pulse wave of 9V plus 1Khz.

When the time is t4-t5, it means that the electric vehicle 200 has an abnormal state. The electric vehicle 200 adjusts the communication signal Scom to the zero potential E, so as to notify the charging device 100 of an abnormal state at the electric vehicle 200 through the communication unit 3 . Wherein, the zero potential E may be a DC voltage of 0V. When the time is t5˜t6, the charging device 100 learns that the switch unit 1 is in an abnormal state of switch sticking or switch driving failure. The controller 22 notifies the electric vehicle 200 by providing the communication signal Scom of the negative potential F through the communication unit 3 , so that the electric vehicle 200 performs a corresponding action. Wherein, the negative potential F may be a DC voltage of negative 12V. When the time is t6-t7, the charging device 100 judges the abnormal state of any one of low voltage, overvoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, leakage current and ground fault by receiving the signal provided by the detection unit 24 . The charging device 100 notifies the electric vehicle 200 by providing the communication signal Scom of the third positive potential C1 through the communication unit 3 , so that the electric vehicle 200 performs a corresponding action. Wherein, the third positive potential C1 may be a DC voltage of 6V.

After time t7, the charging device 100 can provide the power source Pin to the electric vehicle 200, and the electric vehicle 200 waits for receiving the power source Pin. When the time is t7˜t8, the charging device 100 provides the power source Pin to the electric vehicle 200 . The charging device 100 provides the second pulse width modulation signal C2 corresponding to the third positive potential C1 to the second terminal 100B through the communication unit 3 , and during the charging process, neither the charging device 100 nor the electric vehicle 200 has an abnormal state , the communication signal Scom is maintained at the second PWM signal B2. Wherein, the second pulse width modulation signal C2 may be a pulse wave of 6V plus 1Khz. It is worth mentioning that in one embodiment of the present invention, the potential and the frequency of the pulse width modulation signal described in the figure are only indicative, and the potential and frequency will vary depending on the model of the charging device 100 and the brand of the electric vehicle 200 It varies with each other, so it is not limited to the above values.

Please refer to FIG. 4A, which is a schematic diagram of the communication signal waveform of the first embodiment of the charging device of the present invention under the normal charging state, and FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the communication signal waveform of the second embodiment of the charging device of the present invention under the normal charging state. See Figures 2-3 for complex coordination. In FIG. 4A , the electric vehicle 200 informs the charging device 100 that the charging is completed through the communication unit 3 . When the time is t0˜t1, the charging device 100 is in a standby state and provides the communication signal Scom with the first positive potential A1 to the second terminal 100B. When the electric vehicle 200 is connected and the physical connection between the charging device 100 and the electric vehicle 200 is completed (time t1), the charging device 100 starts to provide the communication signal Scom with the second positive potential B1 to the second terminal 100B. After the communication mechanism is established (time t2), the charging device 100 provides the first PWM signal B2 to the second terminal 100B to communicate with the electric vehicle 200 to know each other's status and needs.

After the communication between the charging device 100 and the electric vehicle 200 is completed (time t3), the charging device 100 can start charging the electric vehicle 200, so the charging device 100 provides the second PWM signal C2 to the second terminal 100B. At this time, the control unit 2 calculates the second time when the current I reaches the nearest zero point from the current current, and calculates the third time through the second time and the preset first time, so as to provide the control signal Sc to control the switch unit at the third time 1, so that the switch unit 1 can be turned on just when it is close to the zero point (ie time tx). Wherein, the time t3~t4 is the lap time specified by the switch unit 1 . The switch unit 1 must be connected within 3 seconds of the electric vehicle specification such as but not limited to IEC 61851-1. After the charging device 100 calculates the third time, it only needs to control the switch unit 1 to connect within the standard time.

After the electric vehicle 200 confirms that the charging is completed (time t5), the electric vehicle 200 adjusts the second PWM signal C2 to the first PWM signal B2 to inform the charging device 100 that the charging is completed. At this time, the control unit 2 also calculates the third time, so as to provide the control signal Sc to control the switch unit 1 at the third time, so that the switch unit 1 can be turned off just when it is close to zero (time ty). Wherein, the time t5-t6 is also the standard off time of the switch unit 1 . Then, after the electric vehicle 200 is physically disconnected from the charging device 100 (time t7), the charging device 100 confirms that the electric vehicle 200 is detached and provides the pulse width modulation signal A2 to the second terminal 100B (time t7~t8 ), and return to the standby state after the separation is confirmed to provide the communication signal Scom of the first positive potential A1 (time t8).

In FIG. 4B , the electric vehicle 200 is pulled away without notifying the charging device 100 that charging has been completed (that is, it is pulled away without being fully charged). Referring to FIG. 4A , the difference between FIG. 4B and FIG. 4A is that there is no stage of time t5~t7. After the charging device 100 detects that the electric vehicle 200 is disconnected from the physical connection at time t7, the charging device 100 starts to confirm the separation of the electric vehicle 200 and provides the pulse width modulation signal A2 to the second terminal 100B. The control signal Sc is provided at three times to control the switch unit 1, so that the switch unit 1 can be turned off just when it is close to zero (ie time ty). Wherein, the time t7-t8 is also the standard off time of the switch unit 1 . After time t8, the charging device 100 confirms that the electric vehicle 200 is detached and provides the pulse width modulation signal A2 to the second terminal 100B.

Please refer to FIG. 5A, which is a charging flow chart of the charging operation method of the charging device of the present invention under normal conditions, and FIG. 5B is a protection flow chart of the charging operation method of the charging device of the present invention under abnormal conditions. Steps S100 to S280 described in FIG. 5A can be referred to in conjunction with FIG. 4A , and will not be repeated here. Steps S300-S460 described in FIG. 5B are the appearance of each abnormal state, and the communication signal Scom will be adjusted to a signal corresponding to each abnormal state when each abnormal state occurs. Therefore, in step S240, when it is confirmed that the abnormal state of any one of the above-mentioned steps S300-S460 occurs, the control unit 2 of the charging device 100 calculates the second time (S500) when the current I reaches the nearest zero point from the current current, and compares the second time with the preset time. Calculate the third time ( S520 ) based on the first time, so as to provide the control signal Sc to control the switch unit 1 ( S540 ) at the third time, so that the switch unit 1 can be turned off just when it is close to the zero point. After the control unit 2 controls the switch unit 1 to be turned off, perform exception elimination (S560) and return to step S100.

However, the above description is only a detailed description and drawings of preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The entire scope of the present invention should be applied for as follows The scope of the patent shall prevail, and all embodiments that conform to the spirit of the patent scope of the present invention and its similar changes shall be included in the scope of the present invention, and any person familiar with the art can easily think of it in the field of the present invention Changes or modifications can be covered by the scope of the following patents in this case.

100: charging device 100A: first end 100B: second end 1: switch unit L1: the first path L2: second path 2: Control unit 22: Controller 24: Detection unit 242: the first voltage detection unit 244: Current detection unit 246:Temperature detection unit 248: The second voltage detection unit 252: Leakage current detection unit 254: Ground detection unit 3: Communication unit 200: electric vehicle Pin: power source V: Voltage I: current Sc: control signal Scom: communication signal Sv1: the first voltage signal Sv2: Second voltage signal Si: current signal St: temperature signal Slc: leakage current signal Ss: detection signal A1: the first positive potential A2: PWM signal B1: second positive potential B2: The first PWM signal C2: Second PWM signal C1: the third positive potential E: zero potential F: negative potential t1~t8, tx, ty: time S100~S560: Steps

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a waveform at a turn-on time point of a conventional relay;

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the waveform at the turn-off time point of a conventional relay;

Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of the charging device with zero current switching function of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of waveforms of various stages of the communication signal of the charging device of the present invention;

4A is a schematic diagram of the communication signal waveform of the first embodiment of the charging device of the present invention in a normal charging state;

4B is a schematic diagram of the communication signal waveform of the second embodiment of the charging device of the present invention under the normal charging state;

5A is a charging flow chart of the charging operation method of the charging device of the present invention in a normal state; and

FIG. 5B is a protection flowchart of the charging operation method of the charging device of the present invention in an abnormal state.

S300~S560: Steps

Claims (16)

A charging device for charging an electric vehicle, the charging device comprising: a first end, receiving a power source; a second end, coupled to the electric vehicle; a switch unit, coupled to the first terminal and the second terminal, and used to be controlled to be turned on or off to control whether the first terminal is coupled to the second terminal; a control unit, coupled to the switch unit, and sets a first time from when the switch unit receives a control signal to when it is actually actuated to turn off or turn on; and a communication unit, coupled to the control unit and the second terminal, and the control unit transmits a communication signal with the electric vehicle via the communication unit; Wherein, the control unit detects a phase of a current of the power source, and indicates an abnormal state based on the communication signal, and calculates a second time for the current to reach a zero point through the phase; the control unit calculates a second time for the current to reach a zero point based on the first The time and the second time calculate a third time when the switch unit operates at the zero point, and the control signal is provided at the third time to control the switch unit to turn off. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit calculates the second time based on the electric vehicle coupled to the second end and the communication signal indicates a normal state through the phase, and based on the first time The third time is calculated with the second time, so as to provide the control signal at the third time to control the switch unit to be turned on. The charging device as described in claim 1, wherein the control unit indicates a charging completion based on the communication signal, calculates the second time by the phase, and calculates the third time based on the first time and the second time, to The control signal is provided at the third time to control the switch unit to turn off. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit includes: a controller, coupled to the switch unit and the communication unit, and sets the first time; and a detection unit, coupled to the controller, and the controller detects whether the abnormal state of the charging device occurs through the detection unit; Wherein, the controller is used for providing the control signal at the third time to control the switch unit based on the communication signal. The charging device as described in claim 4, wherein the detection unit includes: a first voltage detection unit, coupled between the first end and the switch unit, and detects a voltage of the power source to provide a first voltage signal; a current detection unit, coupled between the first end and the switch unit, and detects the current to provide a current signal; and a temperature detection unit, which detects a temperature of the charging device and provides a temperature signal; Wherein, the controller judges whether the abnormal state of a low voltage or an overvoltage occurs based on the first voltage signal, judges whether the abnormal state of an overcurrent occurs based on the current signal, and judges whether an abnormal state of an overcurrent occurs based on the temperature signal. The abnormal state of over-temperature; the controller provides the communication signal with a positive potential through the communication unit based on the abnormal state of any one of the low voltage, the over-voltage, the over-current and the over-temperature. The charging device as described in claim 5, wherein the detection unit includes: A second voltage detection unit, coupled between the switch unit and the second end, detects the voltage and provides a second voltage signal; Wherein, based on the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, the controller judges whether the abnormal state of a switch sticking or a switch driving failure occurs in the switch unit, and based on any one of the switch sticking or the switch driving failure Provide the communication signal with a negative potential through the communication unit according to the abnormal state of the person. The charging device as described in claim 4, wherein the detection unit includes: a leakage current detection unit, coupled between the first end and the switch unit, and detects the current to provide a leakage current signal; and A ground detection unit detects a ground terminal of the charging device to provide a detection signal; Wherein, the controller judges whether the abnormal state of a leakage current occurs based on the leakage current signal, and judges whether the abnormal state of a ground fault occurs based on the detection signal; the controller judges whether the abnormal state of a ground fault occurs based on the leakage current and the ground fault Provide the communication signal with a positive potential through the communication unit in response to the abnormal state of one of them. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit knows that the abnormal state occurs on the electric vehicle based on the communication signal having a zero potential. A charging operation method is to provide a power source to charge an electric vehicle through a charging device, and the charging device includes a switch unit and a communication unit; the switch unit controls whether the power source is controlled by being turned on or off The electric vehicle is coupled, and the charging operation method includes the following steps: Setting a first time period from when the switch unit receives a control signal to when it actually operates to turn off or turn on, and detects a phase of a current of the power source; Transmitting a communication signal with the electric vehicle through the communication unit, and confirming whether the communication signal indicates an abnormal state; calculating a second time for the current to reach a zero point through the phase based on the abnormal state; and A third time for the switch unit to operate at the zero point is calculated based on the first time and the second time, and the control signal is provided at the third time to control the switch unit to turn off. The charging operation method described in Claim 9 further includes the following steps: calculating the second time by the phase based on the electrical vehicle being physically coupled and the communication signal indicating a normal state; and The third time is calculated based on the first time and the second time, so as to provide the control signal at the third time to control the switch unit to conduct. The charging operation method described in claim 10 further includes the following steps: setting the communication signal to a first positive potential based on a standby state; confirming that the electric vehicle is physically coupled, setting the communication signal to a second positive potential, and providing the second positive potential to the electric vehicle; adjusting the second positive potential to a first pulse width modulated signal responsive to the second positive potential based on establishing a communication relationship between the electric vehicle and the communication unit; and The first PWM signal is adjusted to a second PWM signal responsive to a third positive potential to indicate a normal condition based on the electric vehicle waiting to receive the power source. The charging operation method described in claim 11 further includes the following steps: calculating the second time by the phase based on the communication signal indicating a charging completion by the second PWM signal being set to the first PWM signal; and calculating the third time based on the first time and the second time, so as to provide the control signal at the third time to control the switching unit to turn off; The communication signal is set as a first positive potential signal to adjust back to the standby state. The charging operation method described in Claim 9 further includes the following steps: detecting a voltage provided by the power source to the switch unit path to provide a first voltage signal; detecting the current to provide a current signal; detecting a temperature of the charging device to provide a temperature signal; judging whether the abnormal state of a low voltage or an overvoltage occurs based on the first voltage signal, judging whether the abnormal state of an overcurrent occurs based on the current signal, and judging whether the abnormal state of an overtemperature occurs based on the temperature signal status; and The communication signal is set to a third positive potential based on the abnormal state of any one of the low voltage, the overvoltage, the overcurrent and the overtemperature. The charging operation method described in claim 13 further includes the following steps: detecting the voltage of the path from the switch unit to the electric vehicle to provide a second voltage signal; judging based on the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal whether the abnormal state of a switch sticking or a switch driving failure occurs in the switch unit; and The communication signal is set to a first negative potential based on the abnormal state of any one of the switch sticking or the switch driving failure. The charging operation method described in Claim 9 further includes the following steps: detecting the current to provide a leakage current signal; detecting a ground terminal of the charging device to provide a detection signal; judging whether the abnormal state of a leakage current occurs based on the leakage current signal, and judging whether the abnormal state of a ground fault occurs based on the detection signal; and The communication signal is set to a third positive potential based on the abnormal state of any one of the leakage current and the ground fault. The charging operation method described in Claim 9 further includes the following steps: Based on the communication signal being set to a zero potential, it is known that the abnormal state occurs on the electric vehicle.

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