CN110949156A - Low-power direct current charger of electric automobile - Google Patents
Low-power direct current charger of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110949156A CN110949156A CN201911405271.4A CN201911405271A CN110949156A CN 110949156 A CN110949156 A CN 110949156A CN 201911405271 A CN201911405271 A CN 201911405271A CN 110949156 A CN110949156 A CN 110949156A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
- B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-power direct-current charger of an electric automobile, which comprises an alternating-current power plug or an alternating-current power socket, a temperature sensor, an alternating-current cable, a direct-current charging circuit, a direct-current cable and a direct-current charging gun, wherein the direct-current charging circuit comprises an alternating-current and direct-current conversion unit and a charging controller; the temperature sensor is arranged in an alternating current power plug or an alternating current power socket, a signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the charging controller, a main loop of the alternating current-direct current conversion unit comprises an over-temperature protection switch controlled by the charging controller, and when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, the over-temperature protection switch is disconnected, and the direct current charger stops charging or discharging the electric automobile. When the plug or the socket is overheated, the over-temperature protection switch is switched off, the charging or discharging of the direct current charger to the electric automobile is stopped, and the potential safety hazard of charging and discharging caused by the heating of the alternating current cable plug or the socket is avoided.
Description
[ technical field ]
The invention relates to direct current charging equipment of an electric automobile, in particular to a low-power direct current charger of the electric automobile.
[ background art ]
With the popularization of electric vehicles, the existing direct-current high-power charging and alternating-current low-power charging can not completely meet all charging requirements. The low-power direct current charger can replace a vehicle-mounted charger and an alternating current charging pile, and the cost of the vehicle is directly reduced. The low-power direct-current charger is similar to a charger on an alternating-current cable, but directly converts alternating current into direct current for charging an electric vehicle, and realizes real-time charging control. The low-power direct-current charger can also work in a reverse mode, and converts direct current of a battery of the electric automobile into alternating current to supply power to an alternating-current load or invert the alternating current to a power grid.
Application number is CN 201821197632.1's utility model discloses a formula intelligent charging ware is carried to new forms of energy electric automobile direct current, including charging case, plug and electric automobile rifle that charges, the charging case input passes through plug and domestic power intercommunication, and the output of charging case passes through electric automobile rifle that charges and electric automobile mouthful intercommunication that charges.
However, in an actual charging scenario, a plug or a socket of the ac cable may be oxidized or a socket or a plug plugged into the ac cable may be aged, so that during charging, the contact resistance at the plug or the socket on the ac cable is large, and the temperature is increased. It is also possible that the ac-powered cable is too thin resulting in a temperature increase. The over-high temperature of the AC side in the charging process may bring potential charging safety hazards.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a low-power direct-current charger for an electric automobile, which can not cause potential charging safety hazards due to heating of an alternating-current cable plug or a socket.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the low-power direct-current charger of the electric automobile comprises an alternating-current power plug or an alternating-current power socket, a temperature sensor, an alternating-current cable, a direct-current charging circuit, a direct-current cable and a direct-current charging gun, wherein the direct-current charging circuit comprises an alternating-current and direct-current conversion unit and a charging controller; the temperature sensor is arranged in an alternating current power plug or an alternating current power socket, a signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected with the charging controller, a main loop of the alternating current-direct current conversion unit comprises an over-temperature protection switch controlled by the charging controller, and when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, the over-temperature protection switch is disconnected, and the direct current charger stops charging or discharging the electric automobile.
In the low-power direct-current charger, the alternating-current/direct-current conversion unit comprises an AC/DC conversion circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit, the AC/DC conversion circuit and/or the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises a plurality of switching tubes, and the control ends of the switching tubes are connected with the charging controller; and when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, the partial or all switching tubes are disconnected, and the charging or discharging of the direct current charger to the electric automobile is stopped.
According to the low-power direct current charger, the alternating current-direct current conversion unit comprises the AC/DC conversion circuit, the DC/DC conversion circuit and the charge and discharge switch, and the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the direct current charging gun through the charge and discharge switch; and the control end of the charge-discharge switch is connected with the charge controller, the charge-discharge switch is an over-temperature protection switch, and the charge-discharge switch is disconnected when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, so that the charging or discharging of the direct current charger on the electric automobile is stopped.
In the low-power direct-current charger, the temperature sensor is embedded in the alternating-current power plug or the alternating-current power socket and is integrally formed with the alternating-current power plug or the alternating-current power socket; the alternating current cable comprises a signal transmission line of a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected with a charging controller of the direct current charging circuit through the signal transmission line.
When the charging controller detects that the feedback signal quantity of the temperature sensor exceeds the protection threshold value, the low-power direct-current charger controls the direct-current charging current to be zero and stops the charging or discharging process.
When the low-power direct current charger stops charging, the charging controller sends a charging stopping command to the vehicle controller of the vehicle terminal BMS.
In the low-power direct current charger, the temperature sensor is a temperature switch.
When the plug or the socket is overheated, the over-temperature protection switch is switched off, the charging or discharging of the direct current charger to the electric automobile is stopped, and the potential safety hazard of charging and discharging caused by the heating of the alternating current cable plug or the socket is avoided.
[ description of the drawings ]
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a low-power dc charger for an electric vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an external view of a low-power dc charger for an electric vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of a low-power dc charger for an electric vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an external view of a low-power dc charger for an electric vehicle according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
[ detailed description of the invention ]
The structure of a low-power direct-current charger of an electric vehicle in embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 4, and includes an alternating-current power plug 10, a temperature sensor 12, an alternating-current cable, a direct-current charging circuit 20, a direct-current cable, and a direct-current charging gun 30, where the direct-current charging circuit 20 includes an alternating-current/direct-current conversion unit 21 and a direct-current charging controller 22; the temperature sensor 12 is embedded in the ac power plug 10 and is integrally formed with the ac power plug 10. The ac power plug 10 and the dc charging circuit 20 are connected by a signal transmission line including a temperature sensor in the ac cable, and the signal output terminal of the temperature sensor 12 is connected to the dc charging controller 22 of the dc charging circuit through the signal transmission line.
The AC/DC conversion unit 21 includes an AC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit, and a charging/discharging switch, the AC/DC conversion circuit and/or the DC/DC conversion circuit includes a plurality of switching tubes 2120, and the control ends of the switching tubes 2120 are connected to the DC charging controller 22; and when the temperature of the alternating current power plug exceeds a protection threshold value, the partial or all of the switching tubes 2120 are switched off, the current for controlling direct current charging and discharging is zero, and the charging or discharging of the electric vehicle by the direct current charger is stopped.
The DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with a DC charging gun 30 through a DC contactor switch 23 and a DC cable; the control end of the direct current contactor switch 23 is connected with the direct current charging controller 22, the direct current contactor switch 23 can also be used as an over-temperature protection switch, when the temperature of the alternating current power plug exceeds a protection threshold value, the direct current contactor switch is disconnected, the direct current charging and discharging current is controlled to be zero, and the charging or discharging of the direct current charger to the electric automobile is stopped.
The ac power plug 10 may be inserted into the ac outlet 100 on the user side to obtain ac input.
As shown in fig. 1, the pin 11 of the ac power plug 10 is connected to the ac terminal of the ac/dc converting unit 21 of the charger via an ac cable. The ac power obtained by the ac/dc conversion unit 21 is converted into dc power for charging the electric vehicle power battery 42. A dc side terminal of the ac/dc conversion unit 21 is connected to a dc contactor switch 23, and the other end of the dc contactor switch 23 is connected to the dc charging gun head 30 through a dc cable.
The above embodiment of the present invention integrates a temperature sensor 12 into the power plug 10 of the ac cable, and the feedback signal of the temperature sensor 12 is transmitted to the dc charging controller 22 through the signal transmission line in the ac cable, and the signal output terminal of the temperature sensor 12 is transmitted to the dc charging controller 22 through the signal transmission line and the dc of the dc charging circuit. The dc charge controller 22 detects in real time the feedback signal of the temperature sensor 12 in the power plug at the ac cable. The temperature sensor 12 generally uses a thermistor, and detects the resistance value of the thermistor. When the dc charging controller 22 detects that the temperature represented by the resistance value of the thermistor is higher than the threshold value of the protection temperature point, the dc charging controller 22 determines that the temperature of the power plug at the ac cable is overheated. The dc charging controller 22 controls the power switching tube of the ac-dc conversion circuit of the low-power dc charger to turn off, so that the charging current is zero, or controls the dc contactor on the dc port side of the low-power dc charger to turn off, so that the charging current is zero. And the dc charging controller 22 may transmit the termination of the charging operation to the BMS at the vehicle side through the charging gun head CAN bus. By performing the above operation, the ac-side current can be reduced to approximately 0A (and also a small standby power consumption current), thereby achieving protection against temperature overheating at the power plug 10 at the ac cable.
The control signal line of the dc charging controller 22 and the dc terminal of the dc contactor switch 23 are coupled to the dc charging socket 41 of the vehicle end via the signal line and the power line of the dc cable line and the dc charging gun head 30. The control signal lines of the dc charging sockets 41 are connected to the BMS vehicle controller 43 on the vehicle side. Therefore, the dc charging controller 22 can handshake and communicate with the vehicle-side BMS vehicle controller 43, and can control and monitor the charging process.
As shown in fig. 3, the basic circuit of the AC/DC conversion unit of the present embodiment includes two partial AC/DC conversion circuits 24 and a DC/DC conversion circuit 25. The AC port of the AC/DC converter circuit 24 is connected to the L line, N line, and PE line of the AC power plug 10. The DC side of the AC/DC converter circuit 24 is connected to the primary side of the DC/DC converter circuit 25. The secondary side of the DC/DC converter circuit 25 is rectified and output, and then connected to the DC contactor 23. The primary and secondary sides of the DC/DC converter circuit 25 are isolated by a high frequency transformer, the primary side of which is connected to a power switch 26.
During the charging process, when the dc charging controller 22 detects that the temperature reflected by the resistance value of the thermistor 12 exceeds the protection temperature threshold, the dc charging controller 22 performs an over-temperature protection operation. The dc charging controller 22 makes the charging current zero by controlling the power switch 26 to be turned off or the dc contactor 23 to be turned off, and sends a stop charging instruction to the vehicle-side BMS vehicle controller 43. When the current on the dc side is zero, the current on the ac power plug 10 is also approximately zero (the standby current of the low-power dc charger is in mA level), thereby implementing the over-temperature protection function on the ac terminal.
As shown in fig. 4, the low-power dc charger of the electric vehicle according to embodiment 2 of the present invention can operate in the reverse mode. The ac side of the dc charging circuit 20 is connected to the ac discharging outlet 50 via an ac cable. The temperature sensor 12 is integrated in the ac discharge socket 50, and in the present embodiment, a thermistor is used as the temperature sensor 12. Both ends of the thermistor are connected to the dc charge controller 22 through signal lines in the ac cable. The other portions of this embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment. The power battery 42 of the electric vehicle is converted into an alternating current by the direct current charging circuit 20 when working in reverse, and discharges after being connected to an alternating current load through the alternating current discharging socket 50.
During the discharging process, when the dc charging controller 22 detects that the temperature reflected by the resistance value of the thermistor 51 exceeds the protection temperature threshold, the dc charging controller 22 performs an over-temperature protection operation. The dc charge controller 22 makes the charging current zero by controlling the power switch 26 to be turned off or the dc contactor 23 to be turned off, and sends a stop discharge instruction to the vehicle-side BMS vehicle controller 43. When the current on the direct current side is zero, the current on the alternating current power plug 10 is also zero, so that the over-temperature protection function of the alternating current end is realized.
The temperature sensor 12 in the present invention may also use a temperature switch, the on-off signal of the temperature switch executes an over-temperature protection action to the dc charging controller 22 through a signal line in the ac cable, and the temperature switch may use the temperature sensing of the bimetal, so that the bimetal deforms when the temperature changes, and drives the contact to cut off or turn on the sensor circuit. When the temperature reaches the protection threshold, the contacts of the temperature switch are opened, and when the direct current charging controller 22 detects that the temperature switch is opened, it is recognized that the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket needs the over-temperature protection. When the temperature of the temperature switch falls below the recovery threshold, the contacts of the temperature switch are closed, and when the direct current charging controller 22 detects that the contacts of the temperature switch are closed, it is recognized that the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket is normal. The on-off signal of the temperature switch can also directly control the power switch 26 to be turned off and driven to execute the temperature protection action.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the alternating current circuit breaker integrated in the alternating current cable is not required to be added independently, so that the volume and the cost of the alternating current cable are reduced, and possible failure faults are reduced. The alternating current-direct current power conversion unit can directly realize the disconnection of a direct current side power loop under the condition of not adding other circuit breaking components. Because the power switch and the physical switch are necessary in the alternating current-direct current power conversion unit, the on and off of the power loop can be realized. Only the feedback signal of the temperature detection device at the AC plug is transmitted to the DC charging controller through the AC cable, and the power switch and the physical switch in the AC/DC power conversion unit are turned off after the temperature is detected to reach the protection threshold value, so that the over-temperature protection of the AC side is realized.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile's miniwatt direct current charger, including alternating current power plug or alternating current power socket, the alternating current cable, direct current charging circuit, direct current cable and direct current rifle that charges, direct current charging circuit includes alternating current-direct current conversion unit and charge controller, a serial communication port, including temperature sensor, temperature sensor installs in alternating current power plug or alternating current power socket, temperature sensor's signal output part is connected with charge controller, including the excess temperature protection switch by charge controller control in alternating current-direct current conversion unit's the major loop, when the temperature of alternating current power plug or alternating current power socket exceeded the protection threshold value, the disconnection of excess temperature protection switch, suspend direct current charger to electric automobile's charging or discharging.
2. The low-power direct-current charger according to claim 1, wherein the alternating-current/direct-current conversion unit comprises an AC/DC conversion circuit and a DC/DC conversion circuit, the AC/DC conversion circuit and/or the DC/DC conversion circuit comprises a plurality of switching tubes, and control ends of the switching tubes are connected with the charging controller; and when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, the partial or all switching tubes are disconnected, and the charging or discharging of the direct current charger to the electric automobile is stopped.
3. The low-power direct-current charger according to claim 1, wherein the alternating-current-to-direct-current conversion unit comprises an AC/DC conversion circuit, a DC/DC conversion circuit and a charge and discharge switch, and the DC/DC conversion circuit is connected with the direct-current charging gun through the charge and discharge switch; and the control end of the charge-discharge switch is connected with the charge controller, the charge-discharge switch is an over-temperature protection switch, and the charge-discharge switch is disconnected when the temperature of the alternating current power plug or the alternating current power socket exceeds a protection threshold value, so that the charging or discharging of the direct current charger on the electric automobile is stopped.
4. The low power dc charger according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensor is embedded in the ac power plug or the ac power socket, and is integrally formed with the ac power plug or the ac power socket; the alternating current cable comprises a signal transmission line of a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is connected with a charging controller of the direct current charging circuit through the signal transmission line.
5. The low power dc charger according to claim 1, wherein when the charging controller detects that the feedback signal amount of the temperature sensor exceeds the protection threshold, the dc charging current is controlled to be zero, and the charging or discharging process is suspended.
6. The low power DC charger according to claim 3 or 5, wherein when charging is suspended, the charging controller sends a charging suspension command to the vehicle side BMS vehicle controller.
7. The low power dc charger according to claim 1, wherein said temperature sensor is a temperature switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911405271.4A CN110949156A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Low-power direct current charger of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911405271.4A CN110949156A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Low-power direct current charger of electric automobile |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110949156A true CN110949156A (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911405271.4A Pending CN110949156A (en) | 2019-12-31 | 2019-12-31 | Low-power direct current charger of electric automobile |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112248866A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-22 | 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 | Charging control device and method for electric vehicle |
| CN112937331A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州富特科技股份有限公司 | Portable electric automobile charger |
-
2019
- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911405271.4A patent/CN110949156A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112248866A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-22 | 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 | Charging control device and method for electric vehicle |
| CN112937331A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-06-11 | 杭州富特科技股份有限公司 | Portable electric automobile charger |
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Effective date of registration: 20210916 Address after: 518000 101, block B, building a, Jingfa zhizaoyuan, Xiawei community, Xixiang street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province Applicant after: Shenzhen Energy Efficiency Electrical Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518000 south of Baotian 1st Road, Xixiang street, Bao'an District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: GOSPOWER DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY (SHENZHEN) Co.,Ltd. |
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