TWI779952B - Wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a wall structure. The wall structure includes a base layer and a vibration-absorbing material. The base layer is formed by drying a mixture including concrete or cement mortar. The vibration-absorbing material is dispersed in the base layer, and the vibration-absorbing material includes plastics, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof. The wall structure of the present disclosure directly and uniformly blends the vibration-absorbing material into a mixture such as concrete or cement mortar to form a wall structure with high support and excellent vibration-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the wall structure of the present disclosure has a structure with simple operation process. Therefore, the construction cost may be greatly reduced, and the wall structure may be effectively applied to various buildings.

Description

wall structure

The application relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a wall structure.

With the change of economic structure, social structure and spatial structure, the population begins to concentrate in cities. Increasing population density means that the noise produced by people will also increase. Therefore, the current "Building Technical Regulations" requires that in newly built or added buildings of townhouses and collective houses, the walls used to separate living rooms or indoors and outdoors must have a certain sound insulation effect.

Based on the above, sound insulation can be further divided into noise reduction and shock absorption. In order to effectively absorb shocks, generally a shock-absorbing layer with an irregular shape is attached to the wall, or a shock-absorbing pad for shock absorption is embedded in the wall. That is to say, in the prior art, operators all need multiple constructions to form a multi-layered wall. However, multiple constructions are not only time-consuming, but also prone to peeling between layers when the construction quality is not good. Therefore, how to design a wall structure with a simple structure and excellent shock-absorbing effect in durability has become an urgent problem to be solved in this field.

The embodiment of the present application provides a wall structure, which solves the problem that the current wall structure with shock absorption function is too complicated, resulting in high construction cost and uneven quality.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application is implemented as follows: a wall structure is provided, and the wall structure includes a base layer and a shock-absorbing material. The base layer is formed by drying a mixture comprising concrete or cement mortar. The shock-absorbing material is dispersed in the base layer, wherein the shock-absorbing material includes plastic, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof.

The wall structure of the present application directly and uniformly mixes shock-absorbing materials into a mixture such as concrete or cement mortar to form a wall with high support and excellent shock-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the wall structure of the present application is simple in structure, can greatly reduce the construction cost, and can be effectively applied in various buildings.

1: Wall structure

10: Base layer

10a: First base sublayer

10b: second base sublayer

10c: third base sublayer

11: Shock-absorbing material

12: Decorative layer

13: Plate layer

14: Then layer

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wall structure according to an embodiment of the present application; and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wall structure according to another embodiment of the present application.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical features, content and advantages of this application and the effects it can achieve, this application is hereby combined with the accompanying drawings and described in detail as follows in the form of embodiments, and the purposes of the drawings used therein are only For the purpose of illustrating and assisting the description, it may not be the true proportion and precise configuration of this application after implementation. Therefore, the proportion and configuration relationship of the attached drawings should not be interpreted or limited to the scope of rights of this application in actual implementation. Description.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the meaning commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. will further understand Yes, terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and this application, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless expressly so defined herein.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram of a wall structure according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the wall structure 1 includes a base layer 10 and a shock-absorbing material 11 . The base layer 10 is formed by drying a mixture comprising concrete or cement mortar. The shock-absorbing material 11 is dispersed in the base layer 10 , wherein the shock-absorbing material 11 includes plastic, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof. The wall structure 1 of the present application can have an excellent shock-absorbing effect due to the shock-absorbing material 11 disposed in the base layer 10 absorbing shock. In addition, the wall structure 1 of the present application has a simple structure, helps to simplify the construction process, and can be used in various buildings. In the following, each layer in the wall structure 1 will be introduced in detail to make the technical features of the present application more understandable and clear.

In some embodiments, concrete may include water, cement, coarse aggregate, lightweight aggregate, and admixtures, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, concrete may also contain additives such as surfactants, dispersants, and the like. For example, the surfactant may contain sulfonic acid groups or acrylic acid groups, so as to be used as cement water reducer and concrete viscosity reducer. When the mixture contains concrete, the base layer 10 formed by drying the mixture with concrete has higher strength. Therefore, it can be used as an exterior wall of a building. Further, when the wall structure 1 of the present application is used for the outer wall of a building, the wall structure 1 may further include steel bars, and the mixture (that is, concrete) is formed on the steel bars to form a steel bar with excellent strength. RC.

In some embodiments, the cement mortar may contain water, cement, and sand, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the cement mortar may also contain additives such as surfactants, dispersants, and the like. For example, cement mortar may contain lime for better adhesion. Has excellent adhesion The mixture can be applied to the wall structure 1 as an adhesive. For example, when the wall structure 1 also includes a waterproof layer, a fireproof layer or other types of functional layers, the operator can mix lime into the material of the mixture (that is, cement mortar), and use the mixture mixed with lime as The interlayer adhesive is used to achieve the effect of shock absorption, adhesion and high support at the same time. When the mixture contains cement mortar, the base layer 10 formed from the mixture with cement mortar has a light weight, which can be used as a partition wall of a building.

In some embodiments, either the concrete or the cement mortar may further include an adhesive. For example, the adhesive may be a resin, which is used to make the mixture and the shock-absorbing material 11 adhere to each other more firmly.

The applicant puts in the shock-absorbing material 11 and mixes it evenly before the mixture is dried, so as to realize a single-layer wall with excellent shock-absorbing function. Compared with the prior art, the wall structure 1 of the present application does not need to be repeatedly constructed, and there is no peeling between layers. It is worth mentioning that the preparation steps of the base layer 10 of the present application can be adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, when the operator is preparing the base layer 10, the operator may first prepare a mixture in a specific ratio, and then put the shock-absorbing material 11 and the surfactant into the mixture and stir evenly. Alternatively, workers can also add water, cement, sand, shock-absorbing material 11 , and surfactant at the same time to prepare a uniformly dispersed and uncured base layer 10 .

In some embodiments, the material of the shock-absorbing material 11 may be a polymer material (ie, plastic, rubber, fiber, or any combination thereof) having an excellent modulus of elasticity as described above. Further, the shock-absorbing material 11 can elastically deform, absorb or store energy through a large amount of material, thereby reducing vibration. Therefore, when the base layer 10 includes the shock-absorbing material 11 , part or all of external vibrations (such as sound waves, shock waves, and impacts) will be absorbed by the shock-absorbing material 11 , thereby achieving excellent shock-absorbing effects.

For example, the shock-absorbing material 11 may be thermoplastic elastomers (Thermoplastic elastomers, TPE), such as: thermoplastic polyurethane (Thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU), polyolefin elastomer (Thermoplastic olefinic Elastomer, TPE), or thermosetting (cross-linked) rubber (Vulcanized Elastomers), polystyrene hydrocarbon elastomers (Styrene/Butadiene Rubber, SBR), polyester elastomers (Thermoplastic polyester elastomer, TPEE) or polyamide-based elastomers (Thermoplastic Polyamide Elastomer, TPA/TPE-A), etc. .

For example, the shock-absorbing material 11 can also be a polymer foam, such as: polyurethane foam (PU foam), polystyrene foam (polystyrene, PS foam) or polyolefin foam (polyolefin foam) ), ethylene-vinylacetate (EVA foam), polyvinyl chloride foam (PVC foam), etc. A large number of two-phase elastic interface spaces and air gaps formed by the pores can hinder the conduction of external vibrations (such as: sound waves, shock waves, impacts, etc.) sound and/or heat energy (for example, be absorbed or not spread out regularly). In this way, under the premise of shock absorption, the base layer 10 can also have more excellent sound insulation and heat insulation effects.

In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 11 is 5% to 75%. For example, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 11 can be 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, 55%, 65%, 75%, or any range of the above-mentioned values. Wherein, the operator can adjust the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 11 according to the requirements of the wall. For example, when the wall requires a higher shock absorption effect, the operator can add more shock absorbing material 11 . Alternatively, operators can increase the proportion of the mixture when higher support is required for the wall.

In some embodiments, the density of the shock-absorbing material 11 ranges from 20 to 1200 kg/m ³ . For example, the density of the shock-absorbing material 11 can be 20kg/m ³ , 50kg/m ³ , 100kg/m ³ , 200kg/m ³ , 300 kg/m ³ , 400kg/m ³ , 500kg/m ³ , 600kg/m 3 ^3. 700kg/m ³ , 800kg/m ³ , 900kg/m ³ , 1000kg/m ³ , 1100kg/m ³ , 1200kg/m ³ , or any range of the above values.

In some embodiments, the shock-absorbing material 11 includes a plurality of particles, and the plurality of particles are non-spherical and special-shaped and have different foaming densities. For example, the plurality of particles may be in the shape of cones (eg, triangular pyramids, quadrangular pyramids), irregular blocks (eg, polyhedrons), or shapes similar to wave breaking blocks. With complex and irregular shapes, the particles can better inter-lock with the cement paste. In addition, the irregular shape also helps to improve the shock absorption (noise reduction) effect. In some embodiments, the plurality of particles may also have different sizes, shapes, material foaming densities, or surface roughness, etc., so as to further enhance the shock absorption (noise reduction) effect. For example, some of the plurality of particles may be in the shape of plates or flakes, and another part of the plurality of particles may be in the shape of granules or lumps.

In some embodiments, the plurality of particles have a density ranging from 20 to 1200 kg/m ³ , and different particles may have different densities. For example, the plurality of particles includes a first particle, a second particle and a third particle. Wherein, the density of the first particle may be 200kg/m ³ , the density of the second particle may be 400kg/m ³ , and the density of the third particle may be 1200kg/m ³ . By having different densities, different particles can produce different shock-absorbing effects, thereby damping vibrations more effectively. It is worth mentioning that the above description is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic diagram of a wall structure 1 according to another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the same reference numerals denote the same components in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . The description of the same elements can refer to the above, and will not be repeated here. As shown in the figure, in some embodiments, the base layer 10 includes a plurality of base sub-layers, and the weight percentages of the shock-absorbing materials 11 in the plurality of base sub-layers are different from each other. For example, the base layer 10 includes a first base sub-layer 10a, a second base sub-layer 10b and a third base sub-layer 10c arranged in sequence, and the third base sub-layer 10c is closest to the outside of the building, and the first base sub-layer Layer 10a furthest away from the outside of the building. Wherein, the weight percent of the shock-absorbing material 11 in the third base sublayer 10c is 15%, the weight percent of the shock-absorbing material 11 in the second base sublayer 10b is 35%, and the shock-absorbing material 11 in the first base sublayer 10a The weight percentage is 55%. By arranging the first base sublayer 10a containing the most shock-absorbing materials 11 at a position close to the inside of the building (that is, a position close to the interior), it is possible to effectively absorb the shock generated by the occupants in the first place (or, sounds made by occupants). Further, by arranging the third base sublayer 10c containing the least shock-absorbing material 11 at a position close to the exterior of the building (ie, the position closest to the outside), the strength of the exterior of the building can be effectively increased. It should be noted that the above description is only an example, and the present application is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the plurality of base sublayers may be two layers, four layers, or more than four layers. In some embodiments, the weight percentage of the shock-absorbing material 11 between the layers may not gradually increase or decrease gradually, but be arranged in a high-low cross manner. For example: there are four base sub-layers in which the shock-absorbing material 11 accounts for 35%, 55%, 35% and 55% by weight.

In some embodiments, the wall structure 1 may further include a decorative layer 12 such as tiles, quartz tiles, slate or wood veneer, or any combination thereof, which is disposed on the base layer 10 . The decorative layer 12 can be made of different materials according to the application. For example, in some embodiments, the decorative layer 12 may include quartz bricks to provide a hard and wear-resistant effect. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the decorative layer 12 may comprise wood veneer for comfort and aesthetics. Alternatively, the decorative layer 12 can also be a composite material, such as: Stone Plastic Composite. Further, the stone-plastic wall can include an anti-UV layer, a wear-resistant layer, a vinyl coating, a core layer and a substrate layer stacked in sequence, so as to have good waterproof, stability, wood-like appearance and mute effect. It is worth mentioning that the present application is not limited to the materials mentioned above, and any material of the decoration layer 12 recognized by those skilled in the art can be used in the present application.

In some embodiments, the wall structure 1 may further include a board layer 13 disposed between the base layer 10 and the decoration layer 12 . The board layer 13 can include cement fiberboard, fireproof board, calcium silicate board, gypsum board, dense floor, wood core board, man-made plywood, stand-up board or plastic composite material, or any combination thereof. The sheet material layer 13 may be a single-layer structure, and any of the above-mentioned sheet materials may be selected according to actual usage conditions. Alternatively, the board layer 13 may also be a multi-layer structure, and achieve multi-functional purposes by stacking various functional layers in sequence. For example, the board layer 13 may include a fireproof board and a calcium silicate board. Wherein, the fireproof board may be composed of fireproof materials containing halogen or flame-resistant materials. Alternatively, the fireproof board can also use phosphorus, antimony, aluminum-magnesium or their oxides, or hydroxides to replace halogen elements, so as to comply with environmental regulations while being flame-resistant. Calcium silicate board is a lightweight board made of quartz powder, diatomaceous earth, cement, lime, pulp, glass fiber and other materials after pulping, molding, aging, surface treatment (matting) and other procedures. It has excellent Flame retardant, moisture-proof, sound insulation, moth-proof and high durability. That is, by combining different types of materials, the fireproof board can have the advantages of the above materials at the same time.

In some embodiments, the wall structure 1 may further include an adhesive layer 14 disposed between any combination of the base layer 10 , the board layer 13 and the decoration layer 12 . Subsequent layer 14 may be a single layer or a multilayer film. Taking the adhesive layer 14 between the sheet material layer 13 and the decorative layer 12 as an example, if the thermal expansion coefficients of the sheet material layer 13 and the decorative layer 12 differ greatly, the adhesive layer 14 may include the first adhesive layer 14 and the second adhesive layer 14 , and the first bonding layer 14 and the second bonding layer 14 may have different coefficients of thermal expansion respectively. More specifically, the board layer 13 is first followed by the first adhesive layer 14 with a similar thermal expansion coefficient, and the decorative layer 12 is followed by the second adhesive layer 14 with a similar thermal expansion coefficient, and finally the first adhesive layer 14 and the second adhesive layer 14 follow each other. By arranging multi-layer films with different coefficients of thermal expansion, the connection between the board layer 13 and the decoration layer 12 can be made more stable. However, the above-mentioned 2 layers are just an example, and the present application is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the bonding layer 14 may be a multilayer film with more than 2 layers, for example, the bonding layer 14 may be a multilayer film with 3 layers, 4 layers, 5 layers or more than 5 layers. In addition, the above-mentioned thermal expansion coefficients are only examples, and the present application is not limited here. In other embodiments, the adhesive layer 14 may also include a plurality of film layers with different surface tensions, materials or physical properties, so as to match different board layers 13 and decoration layers 12 .

In some embodiments, the material of the bonding layer 14 may comprise a resin. That is, the adhesive layer 14 may be an adhesive composed of a resin material. For example, the resin adhesive can include phenolic resin (Phenolics resin), urea-formaldehyde resin (Urea/Formaldehyde resin), melamine-formaldehyde resin (Melamine/Formaldehyde resin), polyvinyl acetate resin (Polyvinyl Acetate resin), polyacrylic acid Resin (for example, Polyacrylates copolymer), polyurethane (PU), epoxy resin (Epoxy resin), silicone resin (polysiloxanes) or any combination thereof. However, the above-mentioned types of adhesives are merely examples, and the present application is not limited thereto. Any material known to those skilled in the art can be used in this application. For example, super glue (including cyanoacrylate, neo-prene, etc.) commonly used in the market can be used for the adhesive layer 14 of the present application. Alternatively, in some specific cases, photocurable resins (UV-curable resins, including polyurethane or epoxy resin) can also be used for the adhesive layer 14 of the present application.

To sum up, the wall structure of the present application directly mixes the shock-absorbing material into the mixture such as concrete or cement mortar to form a wall with high support and excellent shock-absorbing effect. Compared with the prior art, the wall structure of the present application is simple in structure, can greatly reduce the construction cost, and can be effectively applied in various buildings.

However, the above-mentioned ones are only the embodiments of this application, and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of this application. For example, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the patent scope of this application, All should be included in the patent application scope of this application.

1: Wall structure

10: Base layer

11: Shock-absorbing material

12: Decorative layer

13: Plate layer

14: Then layer

Claims (9)

A wall structure comprising: a base layer formed by drying a mixture comprising concrete or cement mortar; and a shock-absorbing material dispersed in the base layer, wherein the shock-absorbing material comprises plastic, rubber, fiber, or Any combination thereof, wherein the shock-absorbing material contains a plurality of particles, and the plurality of particles are non-spherical and special-shaped. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the density of the shock-absorbing material is between 20 and 1200 kg/m ³ . The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein the shock-absorbing material accounts for 5% to 75% by weight of the wall structure. The wall structure as described in claim 1, wherein the base layer comprises a plurality of base sub-layers, the shock-absorbing material is dispersed in the plurality of base sub-layers, and each of the shock-absorbing materials in the plurality of base sub-layers occupies The weight percentages of are different from each other. The wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises lime. The wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises a surfactant. The wall structure according to claim 6, wherein the surfactant contains sulfonic acid groups or acrylic acid groups. The wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture further comprises an adhesive. The wall structure as claimed in claim 8, wherein the adhesive contains resin.

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